中考冲刺-阅读满分攻略：细节题

初中英语中考冲刺—阅读满分攻略：细节题编稿老师王平军一校林卉二校黄楠审核陈素紧【阅读攻略】一、题型特点事实理解题主要考查学生对文章中的细节与具体事实的把握能力，内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果和目的等，属于浅层次的理解题，难度较低。同学们需要在有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，发现文章中的细节信息，然后遵循由整体到细节的原则，把握作者的思路。二、考点分析1.考指示代词。这类考题常用来考查学生是否真正了解上下文句子之间的逻辑关系。2.考列举的信息。这类考题常要求考生从所列举的内容中（first…second,tobeginwith,suchas,forexample）选择符合题干要求的选项。3.考权威人士的论断。这类考题常要求考生根据文章引用的某些权威人士的论断判断作者的观点或论点。4.考特殊标点符号后的内容。特殊符号包括表示解释的破折号、括号和冒号等。这类考题常要求考生根据特殊符号后的内容判断特殊符号前面的具体信息。三、题干形式1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?2.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?3.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)___?四、解题技巧1.跳读法。一般来说，细节题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。2.排除法。排除与文章意思不相符的选项，确定一个“是”的选项。3.数字计算法。细节题占阅读理解的比例很大，阅读时要特别注意以下几点：第一，阅读时，利用thatistosay,aboveall,especially,mainly等关键词或词组，把握文章的思路和脉络。另外选项中表示绝对意义的词汇：least（最不重要），always（总是），never（永不），all（所有），none（一个也不），any（任何）和表示唯一性的词汇：only（只有），just（仅仅），往往是命题的陷阱，因此要多加注意。第二，阅读时，必须以原文提供的事实、细节和逻辑关系为依据，切忌把自己的观点和看法与原文或作者的观点、看法混为一谈。【考题链接】Helpingyourchildrentoreadandwriteathomewillimproveyourchildren’sskillsandconfidence—itwillalsomakethemlearnbetterintheclassroomenvironment.Readingandwritingskillsareneededbyeverychildineverysubjectineveryyearoftheirschoollifeandoutsideschool.Asparents,youcanplayanimportantroleinimprovingyourchildren’sliteracy(读写能力)bypracticingreading,writing,spellingandspeakingwiththemoutsideschool.Bylistening,askingquestions,givinginformation,andreadingwithyourchildrenoutsideschool—youcanmakeadifference.StudentswhoimprovetheirreadingandwritingwillincreasetheirvocabularyandtheirabilitytouseEnglishcorrectly.Here’ssomeadviceonhowtohelpyourchildrentoread,writeandspell:●readingaloudeachnight●lettingchildrentakepartineverydayconversations●listeningtoyourchildrenread●readingyourchildren’swriting●usingadictionary●encouragingyourchildrentotalkaboutfunnythings●tryingnottoaskquestionsthatrequire“yes”or“no”answers●Practicingreadingandwritingbyfillinginforms,writingletters,sendingcardsore-mails.1.isNOTmentionedinthepassage.A.ReadingaloudeachnightB.JoininganEnglishclubC.Practicingchildren’sspeakingD.Usingadictionary2.Parentscanhelpchildrentowritebyencouragingthemto.A.writelettersorsende-mailsB.talkaboutfunnythingsC.answerquestionsD.listentomusic答案：1.B2.A思路分析：这篇短文主要介绍了家长对孩子读写的辅导是重要的。那样做可以提高孩子的技能和信心。作者主要就如何帮助孩子读与写给家长提出了一些建议。1.细节理解题。根据短文的建议可知没有提及加入俱乐部，故选B。2.细节理解题。根据Practicingreadingandwritingbyfillinginforms,writingletters,sendingcardsore-mails.故选A。可以看出这类题比较简单，只要通过跳读法找到题干内容在原文中相关的句子，再进行比较和分析即可，对于第一小题，询问短文中没有提到的内容，则根据排除法找到提到的内容，剩下的就是答案。LukeDollarhasspentmanyyearsinMadagascarstudyinglemurs.Reporter:Whatwereyoulikeasakid?Dollar:Asakid,Iwasanexplorer.IlivedwithmygrandparentsonafarminAlabama.Itwasn’tunusualformetogotothewoods.AndIenjoyedthat.FromthetimeIwas6to16yearsoldIwasanactor.MymomaskedmetoauditionforashowinBirmingham.Iaskedmymomtobuymesomevideogamesandshepromised,soIgotthepart.Later,Ibecameaprofessionalactor.SoforseveralyearsIwenteverywherefromtheAlabamafarmtomanyothercities—allovertheUSAdoingstageproductions.Reporter:Howdidyougetintoyourfieldofwork?Dollar:IgrewuponafarmandIwasreallyawildchildandcametolovewildthings.Ididalotofphotographyinhighschool.Ibecameaphotographeranddidphotographyforthelocalpaper.ThenIbecameastudentofDukeUniversity.Dukehasaprimate(灵长类动物的)centre—LemurCentre.Igotajobthereasaworkstudystudentandmetlemursthereforthefirsttime.LaterIhadachancetogotoMadagascaranddecidedtostudylemurs.Reporter:What’stheonethingyoucan’ttravelwithout?Dollar:Asenseofhumouroracan-doattitudeisnecessary,butmyfirstresponsewassoysauce.Ifwerunoutofsoysauce,thejourneyisover.1.Lukedecidedtoauditionfortheshowbecause.A.hewasreallyinterestedinitB.hewantedtohelphisfriendC.hismotherallowedhimtogotothefarmD.hismotherpromisedtobuyhimsomevideogames2.WheredidLukemeetlemursforthefirsttime?A.AtDukeUniversity.B.InBirmingham.C.Onhisgrandparent’sfarm.D.InMadagascar.3.Whatdoweknowfromthedialogue(对话)？’smotherisagoodphotographer.B.Lukecomestolovewildanimalsbecauseofhismother.C.LukehadbeentoMadagascarbeforehewenttoDukeUniversity.D.Lukedoesn’tthinkhecantravelwithoutsoysauce.答案：1.D2.A3.D思路分析：这篇短文主要通过记者问答的方式介绍了LukeDollar的人生经历。LukeDollar从六岁到十六岁是一名专业演员，到处演出。但是他在农场长大，热爱野生动物，这为他之后到马达加斯加研究狐猴提供了机会。1.根据“Iaskedmymomtobuymesomevideogamesandshepromised,soIgotthepart.”可知妈妈对他的许诺使他决定答应这个试演节目，故选D。2.根据卢克的描述“ThenIbecameastudentofDukeUniversity.Dukehasaprimate(灵长类动物的)centre—LemurCentre.Igotajobthereasaworkstudystudentandmetlemursthereforthefirsttime.”故选A。3.利用排除法及卢克最后的回答“butmyfirstresponsewassoysauce.Ifwerunoutofsoysauce,thejourneyisover.”故选D。由上可见细节题在英语阅读理解中占有相当大的比例，涉及各种体裁、题材。但是只要利用排除法，排除与文章意思不相符的选项；利用跳读法，找出短文中与题干要求相符的关键句，与所给选项进行比对，就能锁定答案。Theplanewaslateanddetectiveswerewaitingattheairportallmorning.TheywereexpectingavaluableparcelofdiamondsfromSouthAfrica.Afewhoursearlier,someonehadtoldthepolicethatthieveswouldtrytostealthediamonds.Whentheplanearrived,someofthedetectiveswerewaitinginsidethemainbuildingwhileotherswerewaitingontheairfield.TwomentooktheparcelofftheplaneandcarrieditintotheCustomsHouse.Whiletwodetectiveswerekeepingguardatthedoor,twoothersopenedtheparcel.Totheirsurprise,thepreciousparcelwasfullofstonesandsand!【点睛词汇】1.detectiven.侦探2.diamondn.钻石，金刚石【经典句子】1.Whentheplanearrived,someofthedetectiveswerewaitinginsidethemainbuildingwhileotherswerewaitingontheairfield.当飞机到达时，一些侦探在主楼内等候，另一部分则在停机坪等。2.Totheirsurprise,thepreciousparcelwasfullofstonesandsand!令他们吃惊的是，那珍贵的包裹里面装的全是石头和沙子！（答题时间：15分钟）一、阅读理解Hisfamousparentsmightbeworth(身价)￡165million,butitseemsBrooklynBeckhamdecidesnottodependon,the15-year-oldboyislearningthereal

meaningofmoney…bymakinghisown.BrooklynBeckham,VictoriaandDavidBeckham’seldestchild,hasstartedaweekend

jobataWestLondoncoffeeshopwhereheispaid￡anhour.Amemberofstaffsaidthat

BrooklyndidstartworkingintheshopandgotonOKwithothermembers.Newsofhisdecisiontomakehisownmoneyandnotdependonhisrichparentsmade

himagoodmodelforotherteenagers.Lastyear,Beckham,whohadretiredfromfootball,said,“Wetrytoleadbyexample,byshowingthemit’simportanttoworkhard.”Andonefriendofhisfamilysaidthat

Brooklynwouldhavebeenencouragedtotakethejobbyhisparents.Childrenwhogrowupindifferentcultureshavedifferentviewsonmoney.Inmanywesterncountries,childrenareusuallytaughttobelievethatmoneyismade

insteadofbeinggiven.Theyusuallybuythingswiththeirownpocketmoney.Theytakeup

part-timejobsintheirfreetime.However,mostoftheChinesechildrendon’thaveany

conscious(意识)ofmakingmoneythroughtheirownhardwork.Somechildrenthinkthat

theirparentswillsupportthemforever.Whenevertheymeetdifficulties,theywillturnto

theirparentsorfriendsforhelp.Whycan’ttheysolvetheseproblemsbytheirown?The

mainreasonisthattheyarealwaysdependingonfact,theyhavegottheabilityto

workouttheseeasyproblems.Childreninwesterncountriesshowtheirindependence(独立性).Theytakepridein

themselvesbymakingtheirowndecisions.ManyChinesechildren,however,arestill

lookingtotheirparentsoreventheirgrandparentstotellthemwhattodoorwhichjobthey

shouldchoose.Assecondaryschoolstudents,weshouldlearntobemoreindependent.Weshouldfind

somenewwaystosolveoldproblems.Whatwearelearninginscholorafterschoolnow

willbeveryhelpfulsomeday.Tousstudentswhowanttomakegreatachievementsinthe

future,itisthemostimportanttolearnhowtobeindependent.1.Fromthisarticle,weknowthatBrooklynBeckham

.A.isVictoriaandDavidBeckham’syoungestsonB.isagoodmodelforotherteenagersC.dependsonhisparentsandgrandparentsD.getsonbadlywithothermembersinthecoffeeshop2.Childreninwesterncountriesdon’tasktheirparentsformoneybecause

.A.theirparentswantthemtostudyveryhardB.theirfamilyisnotrichenoughtosupportthemC.theythinkmoneyisgiveninsteadofbeingmadeD.theythinkmoneyismadeinsteadofbeinggiven3.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatsomeChinesechildren

.A.don’tdependontheirparentsatallB.canmaketheirowndecisionseasilyC.thinktheirparentswillsupportthemforeverD.oftentakeuppart-timejobsintheirfreetime二、完形填空Eachnationhasmanygoodpeoplewhohelptotakecareofothers.Forexample,somehighschoolandcollegestudentsintheUSAoften1manyhoursasvolunteersinhospital,orphanagesor2fortheaged.Theyreadbookstothepeopleintheseplaces,ortheyjustvisitthemandplaygameswiththemorlistentotheir3.Otheryoungvolunteersgoandworkinthehomesofpeoplewhoaresickorold.Theypaint,cleanup.Orrepairhouses,dotheirshoppingandmowtheirlawns.Forboyswhonolongerhavefathersthereisan4calledBigBrothers.Collegestudentsandother5taketheseboystobaseballgamesoronfishingtripsand6themtogettoknowthingsthatboysusuallylearnfromtheirfathers.Eachcityhasanumberofclubswhereboysandgirlscangotoplaygamesorlearncrafts.Someoftheseclubsshowmoviesororganizeshorttripstothemountains,thebeaches,themuseumsorother7ofinterest.Mostoftheseclubsusealotofhighschoolandcollegestudentsas8becausetheyare9enoughtoremembertheproblemsofyoungerboysandgirls.Volunteersbelievethatsomeofthe10peopleintheworldarethosewhohelptobringhappiness.Helpingothersbringsthemmuchpleasure.1.A.need B.spend C.waste D.pay2. B.fighting C.talking D.trying3.A.suggestions B.questions C.reasons D.problems4.A.class B.organization C.village D.business5.A.men B.women C.ladies D.mothers6.A.help B.ask C.tell D.invite7.A.places B.palaces C.cinemas D.cities8.A.parents B.visitors C.teachers D.volunteers9.A.young B.clever C.old D.tall10.A.youngest B.brightest C.cleverest D.happiest

一、阅读理解1.B细节理解题。句意：从文章中我们知道布鲁克林·贝克汉姆是怎么样的？根据第二段中的：Newsofhisdecisiontomakehisownmoneyandnotdependon