建筑工程常用术语大全

实用标准文档国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access交通agreement同意、协议allocation分、配置approval同意、批准arbitration裁AsiaDevelopmentBank亚洲开银行assistant助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委BillofQuantities(BOQ)工程量表civilworks土建工程claim索赔comment评论、意见commercialmanager商务经理conditionsofcontract合同条件generalconditions通用条件conditionsofparticularapplication专条件specialconditionsofcontract特别条件ConditionsofcontractforWorksofCivilEngineeringConstruction土木工程施工合同条件constructionmanagement施工理consultant顾contractagreement合同协议Contractor承包商cooperation合作coordination协作费用costcontrol成本控制counterclaim反索赔demobilization退场department部门Designer设计者图纸shopdrawing车间图designdrawing设计as-builtdrawing竣工图bluedrawing蓝图transparentdrawing透明图construction施图electricworks电气工程Employer(Client/Owner)业主Engineer工师Engineer'srepresentative工程师代表engineeringproject工程项目internationalproject国际工程overseasproject海外工程project国工程equipment设备expatriate外籍职员expert专家export出口FederationofCivilEngineeringContractor木工程承包商联合会formal正式的hydromechanicalworks金结工import进inchargeof负责、主管正式的InstitutionofCivilEngineers(ICE)土木工程师协instrument仪、器械insurance保险labour劳务layout布置leadingcompany(sponsor)牵头司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation)责任、义务lumpsump总包machinery机械manpower(humanresource)人资源Manufacturer制造商material材料measure办法、措施takeeffectivemeasures采取效措施measurement测量、计量memorandum备忘录mobilization进场objection反对payment支付plant设pointofview(opinion)观点意见prequalification资格预审procurement采购profit利润progresscontrol进度控制projectmanager项经理qualitycontrol质量控制request(application)申请、求review审查风riverclosure截流riverdiversion流safety安全文案大全

实用标准文档第1/39页signature签名site工地、现场siteengineer现场工程师specification规、规范staff职员Subcontractor分包商submission提supervise监督、监视Supplier货商theInternationalChamberofCommerce国际商会unitprice单价variation(change)变更WorldBank世界银行二、程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（ExcavationandSupport)明挖（OpenExcavation)benchexcavation台阶开挖concreteexcavation砼开挖faultexcavation断层开挖foundationexcavation基础开挖localexcavation局开挖mass(bulk)excavation大面积挖protectivelayerexcavation保护层开挖rockexcavation岩石开挖slopeexcavation边开挖softgroundexcavation软基开soilexcavation土开挖structuralexcavation结构开挖toothexcavation齿槽开挖unclassifiedmaterialexcavation不分类料开挖coefficientofnonuniformity开不均匀系数cutoff截水槽dewatering(drainage)排水excavationpit挖基坑intensityofexcavation开挖度overexcavateoverbreak)超挖pump水泵坑Underexcavate(underbreak挖underbreaktreatment欠挖处洞挖及地下开挖（TunnelandUndergroundExcavation)aroundofexcavation一个开循环adit支advance进尺advancesdepth进尺深度breakinghole落孔cushionhole缓冲孔drift掏槽bottomdrift底部掏槽centerdrift中掏槽sidedrift边部掏槽topdrift顶部掏槽drilling钻孔driving(progress)rate进尺easer掏槽孔erectingsupportsfortheroofandsidewall对拱及边墙进行支护fullfaceexcavation全断面挖headingandbenchexcavation流与台阶开挖loadingandhaulingmuck(mucking)装拉loading(charging)装药perimeterhole周边孔pilottunnel导洞removing除尘removinggroundwater清除地积水shootingexplosive(blasting)放炮topheadingexcavation上导洞开ventilation通钻孔爆破DrillingandBlasting)abandonedhole废averageholedepth平均孔深averageinunitvolumeblasted平均单耗blastingresult爆破结果blockness块度controlledperimeterblasting周边制爆破dataofexplosivefilled装药参数dataofholesdrilled钻孔参数delayedblasting延时exploratoryhole探孔文案大全

实用标准文档explosivequantity药量explosivequantityinasound单药量handlingmisfire处理哑炮lightcharge少量装药looseningblasting松爆破pattern孔方式distancebetweenholes孔距distancebetweenrows距postshearingblasting微差爆破presplitingblasting裂爆破第2/39页quantityofholes孔数smoothblasting面爆破延时支(rocksupport)expansionshellrockbolt胀式张拉锚杆featureanchor随机锚索rockbolt随机张拉锚杆featurerockdowel随机砂浆锚杆reinforcement随机加固lattice钢桁架格构大梁patterncementgroutedrockdowel系统水泥浆锚杆patternresingroutedrockdowel系统树脂浆锚杆patternrockdowel系统砂浆杆patternrockreinforcement系统加固permanentrocksupport永久支护post-tensionedcementgroutedtendonrockanchor后拉水泥浆锚索reboundmaterial回弹料returnrockbolt回头张拉锚returnrockreinforcement回头加固shotcreteanchorage喷锚shotcretewithwiremesh挂网砼steelshotcrete钢纤维喷砼steelrib钢拱架temporaryrocksupport临时护tensionedresingroutedrockbolt树张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序WorkingSequence)backfill回填blend混合compact碾压controlledsprinkling控制洒cuttheslope削坡dump卸料exploit开采level整平装料moisturecondition水分调节placespread摊铺remove清除重新回填retreat(dotheworkagain)返scarify翻松、刨毛screenandwash筛分和冲洗takesample取样test测试transport运输treat处理trim修整缺陷（Defects）calciumparticles姜石contaminatedmaterial受污染declinationoftheboundary料界偏差dry干燥lackofcompaction漏压lumpsump结muddy泥泞oversizematerial超粒径材料pocket囊穴seepage渗separation分离sheararea剪力区lens透镜体其它（Others)bondingsurface结合面byproduct产品controllingparameter控制参fillplacementrecord填筑记录frogarea蛙夯区requiredembankment必要填方subzone分区◆混凝土（Concrete）文案大全

实用标准文档air-entrainedconcrete(aeratedconcrete)加砼asphaltconcrete沥青砼blindingconcrete垫层砼cast-insitu(site/place)concrete现浇砼plasticconcrete塑料砼fibrousconcrete纤维砼firststageconcrete一期砼foamedconcrete泡砼high-performanceconcrete高性砼high-strengthconcrete高强砼intrusionconcrete压浆砼leanconcrete(poorconcrete)贫lightweightaggregate轻料砼concrete大体积砼non-finesconcrete无砂砼non-plasticconcrete干性砼non-shrinkageconcrete无收缩砼normalconcrete常态砼plainconcrete素砼第3/39页porousconcrete多孔砼prestressedconcrete预应力砼pumpconcrete泵送砼reinforcedconcrete钢筋砼rollercompactedconcrete(rollcrete)碾压砼secondstageconcrete二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing)清理concretepouring(placement/casting)砼浇筑curing养护Membrancecuring薄膜养护moistcuring湿养护normalcuring标准养护steamcuring蒸汽养护repairing修Scabbling(chiping/roughening)凿毛greencutting冲毛surfacefinishing收面vibrating振捣缺陷（）bughole(pitted麻cavity狗coldjoint缝crack裂缝deformation变形depression坑洼fire-damagedconcrete火损砼formworkshifting(moving)跑模groutleakage漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb蜂窝incompletevibration不完全捣、漏振irregularity不则segregation(bleeding)离析stair(staggered错台tierod拉杆孔waterleakage漏水waterseepage渗外剂（Admixtureaccelerator速凝剂air-entrainingagent引气剂bloating(bulking/expansion)agent膨胀剂coringadmixture着色剂early-strengthadmixture早剂gas-formingadmixture发气剂起泡剂）fluidizer化剂retardingagent缓凝剂set-controllingadmixture调凝剂super-plasticizer增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-activeagent表面活剂water-reducingagent减水剂acceleratingwaterreducer速型减水剂retardingwaterreducer缓凝型减水剂waterproofagent防水剂指标（）compressivestrength抗压强compressivestress压应力concreteclass砼等级finalstrength终凝强度graduation级配graduationcurve级配曲线impermeability渗性initialsettingstrength初强度mixdesign配比设计resistancetofreezingand抗融性shearstrength抗剪强度slump坍落度文案大全

实用标准文档specificweight/gravity比重stabilityagainstsliding抗滑稳定性strain应变surfacefinish表面平整度tensilestrength抗强度tensilestress拉应力thermalstress温度应力water-cementratio灰比workingstress工作应力其他（Others）acceptance验收age龄aggregate骨料fineaggregate细骨料coarseaggregate粗料airpocket气囊airtightness气密性alternative替代物、替换方法apply用、施加bendingmoment弯矩block仓号binding黏结强度calibration标定cementanchor锚固卷concreteplug砼塞concreteprecastelement砼制件concretereleasesheet发料单第4/39页上面已看！constructionjoint施工缝contamination/pollution污染conversion(reconstruction)改建coverage覆范围curingagent养护剂deliverysheet运料单directdischarge直接入仓elevation高程、正视图epoxymortarapplication还氧砂浆抹面existing现有（存）的expansionjoint伸缩缝facilitate使容易（便利）gabion纤笼humidity湿度identity识别、标记ingredient成分、配料inspection查、验收preliminaryinspection初验finalinspection验appearanceinspection外观检intact完整、未被触动的inter-towerjoint塔间缝introduceinto将……穿入isolate隔离laitance浮浆皮layer(lift)height层高meetdesignrequirement满足计要求momentofinertia惯性距Pocket(boxout/presethole)预留孔post-cooling后却posttensioning后张拉pre-cooling预冷却pre-stressing应力pre-tensioning先张拉pull-offtest扒拉试验reinforcementcover钢筋保护remark备sectionarea截面面积shearkey剪键keygroove键槽shotcretedry-mixprocess干喷砼生产shotcretewet-mixprocess湿喷砼生产simplify简化simultaneously同时地spacer泥垫块spacing间距stressconcentration应力集symmetry对称technicaldata技术参数temperaturecontrol温度控制temperaturedifference温差temperaturerise(gain)温度升高theoreticalelongation论延长量unloading卸载waterstop止水PVCwaterstopPVC止水rubberwaterstop橡止水copperwaterstop铜止水watertightness闭水性winterprotection冬季保温文案大全

实用标准文档◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform)erecting(settingup/fixing)formwork立模Stripping(removing/dismantling)formwork拆bondbreaker脱模剂climbingcone爬升锥dambracket大坝支架distancepiece横支撑double-curvatureformwork双模板flatformwork面模板formworkoil模板油anchor猪筋retractableformwork进退式板shearkeybox键槽盒slidingformwork滑模steelformcarrier钢模台车steelformwork模steelwaling钢围令支撑stopend堵模板temporaryformwork临时模板tierod(formtie)拉杆tiltableformwork倾斜式模板vaultandinvertformwork顶及底拱模板woodformwork木模◆钢筋（ReinforcementRebar）distributionbar分筋dowel插筋horizontalbar水平筋laplength搭长度mainstressbar主应力筋overlap搭shearbar剪筋splicewelding绑条焊接starterbar起始、苗子锦stirrup箍筋support架立筋verticalbar竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfillgrouting回填灌浆consolidationgrouting固结浆contactgrouting接灌浆curtaingrouting帷幕灌浆gapgrouting接缝灌浆gravitygrouting自重灌浆jetgrouting旋喷灌浆multi-stagegrouting多次灌pressure压力灌浆ringgrouting环行灌浆single-stagegrouting一次灌艺过程Activityairtest通风试验backfillingofhole封孔flushing通水试验jointwashing洗缝seal密封soak浸泡waterpressuretest压水试验管路及组件（CircuitElementsairsupply包arisingpipe升降管circuit回路clamp卡子cock旋塞coil蛇形管cylinder缸套doublenipple对丝连接套expansioncoupling缩节female-quickcoupling内丝快头fixedclamp卡flowratemeter测量计galvanizedelbow镀锌头groutcap灌浆帽groutcell出浆盒groutstopplate止浆片groutvalve灌阀inletpipe进浆管largeradiuselbow大弧弯头mainpipe总管male-quickcoupling外丝快接outletpipe出浆管packer灌塞piston塞plug堵头reducersocket变径管套returnpipe回浆teepiece三通管reduceteepiece变径三通管swivel-clamp转卡U-bend弯头union活接头ventilationpipe排气管watersupply水包参数及指标（ParameterandIndexesconsistency稠度fineness细grouttake吃量hightake吃浆量大文案大全

实用标准文档groutingpressure灌浆压力rate漏率容mixproportion浆比pumping泵浆率refusalcriteria排浆标准refusaltime抽浆时间wateraborptin水率仪器设备（PlantandInstrumentagitator搅站automaticrecorder自动记录仪chillerplant(coolingplant)制冷站displancementpoint位移点electronicgroutflowmeter电子量计extensometer变计flowtransmitter流量传感器foundationdisplacementindicator基础位移指示器groutpump灌浆泵hydrometer比重计jointmeter测缝计mixingplant制浆站monitor监测器osmometer渗压计pendulum钟摆portableinstrument便携式仪器pressuregauge力表pressuresensor压力传感器第6/39页reinforcementmeter钢筋计steelbasin拌槽strainmeter应变计temperaturesensor温度传感terminal集线站referencepoint参考点secondordertriangulation二三角测量setout线、放样stake-line测桩线stateplanecoordinatesystem国平面标其他）checkhole检查孔compartment灌区densemix浓foundationuplift基础隆起grouthole灌浆孔instrumenthole仪器孔primary/secondaryandtertiarygroutholes一、二序、三序灌浆孔spiltspacing加密灌浆孔距wastemix弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术MethodsandTermsadjust正整adjustment平差allowance容许误差backsightpoint后视basicpoint基点bench水准点compass罗盘chainage(stationnumber)桩chainoftriangulation三角锁check校核、对照controlpoint控制点coordinatepoint坐标datum基础面datumpoint基准点deviation偏差easilyidentifiablepoint容识别点error误差firstordertriangulation一三角测量geodetic大地量学的geodeticsurveying大地测量jointsurvey联合量knownpoint已知点levelsurface水准面localtriangulation局部三角网nationalcoordinationsystem国家坐标网observe观测、监视pointtobelocated待定点position定、位置reconnaissance选点、踏勘系surveypoint测点theoreticalpoint理论点traverse(polygon)导线（测量断erroroftraverse线闭合差latticetraverse网格状导线longsidetraverse长线opentraverse闭合导线shortsidetraverse短导线traverseclosure导线合traversestation线点traversesurvey导线测量triangulation三角测量文案大全

实用标准文档triangulationnetwork三角网triangulationoforder高等级三角网triangulationpoint三角点trilateration三边测量vertical-controlnet高程控网woodpile木桩角度测量（AngularMeasure）azimuth位角bearing方位、象限角buddle气泡、水准器circle度、圆盘circularbubble圆水准器collimationaxis视准轴cross-line(cross-hair)十字丝depressionangle俯角elevationangle仰角eyepiece(ocular)目镜fieldpole(staff)标杆foot-screw脚螺栓horizontalangle水平角mark标志（明）objectivelens物镜plumb(plummet)铅垂、垂线sight瞄准、观测target目标、瞄准theodolite经纬仪tranverseaxis横轴tripod三架verticalangle竖直角第7/39页verticalaxis竖轴望远Telescope）centering对face盘左faceright盘右focus集中、焦点focusing调indexerror指标误差invertedpositionoftelescope(reversetelescope)倒、盘右normalpositionoftelescope(directtelescope)正、盘右opticalplummet光学垂准器round测set套、组测站距离测量（DistanceMeasure）barometer气计baseline(basicline/datumline)基battery电EDM(electromagneticdistancemeasurement)电波测距filter滤光片、滤波器laseralignmentsystem激光直系统laserbeam激光束prism棱镜range测程、距离longrange程mediumrange中shortrange短程rangefinder测距仪signal信号springbalance弹簧称tape卷尺invartape铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（HeightMeasurement）altitude/elevation高、海拔approximateleveling近似置、粗平automaticlevel自动定平水准仪differencealtitude(differenceofelevation,heightdifference)高差errorofclosureinleveling水准闭合差exactleveling精置平level水准测点）levelcircuit水准闭合环levelshoe水准尺lineoflevel水线路nationalgeodeticverticaldatum国大地高程基准面reducedlevel归化高差runback测runout往测three-wire三丝法水测量地形测TopographicSurvey）boundary边界、界线constructionstake施工标桩contour等高线contourinterval等高距contouring绘等高线contour-lengthmethod等高线长法contourline等线controlnetwork控制网detail细部、详图draw绘图field外业fix固定、确定formline地形图grid格网文案大全

实用标准文档information注记、资料、情报marginalinformation轮注记large-scale大比例尺的latitude纬度、范围latitudecircle圈latitudeline纬线legend图例location定线、定位longitude度longitudeline经线map地图制图mapping制图测图地质素描line拼线monument标石石柱object地物、目标平面图、略图plot绘图profile断面（图剖图record记、资料setup置仪器sitelocation定位stakeout放样、定线、立桩symbol符、记号topographicdetail地形细部topographicmap地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation第8/39页andFacilities）附件及配件（AcessoriesandSpareParts）air-entrainingmeter掺气剂Carlson-typepiezometer卡尔式渗压计concretemeter砼应变计convergentpoint收敛测点directplumbline正垂线earthcell土力盒embankmentpiezometer坝体渗计embankmentstrainmeter堤应变计extendedwire引张线foundationpiezometer基础渗计horizontalinclinometer水平测斜仪hydraulicinstrument水力学仪器hydrophone听器inclinometercasing测斜管interfacejointmeter界面变计invertedplumbline倒垂线micropiezometer微压计multiplepositionextensometer点位移计observationpoint观测标点observationwell观测井alignmentline视线platemeter钢板计pneumaticpiezometer气压式渗压计pressurefluctuationmeter脉动压力计prestressedtendonanchoragedynamometer预力锚索测力计rockboltextensometer锚杆测力计singlepointextensometer单位移计spiralsensor测扭仪standpipe测压管strong-motionseismogragh强仪surfacemonument表标点temperaturesensor温度传感器terminalhouse终端terminal终端站tiltmeter倾角计timeaveragepressurecell时压力计totalpressurecell总压力盒velometer流速计verticalinclinometer垂直测斜仪vibratingwirepiezometer震旋渗压计vibratingwiresettlementsensor振旋式沉降仪weirwithmicropiezometer带微压计的量水堰workingbasepoint工作基点zerostress-strainmeter砼无应力coil盘绕component零部件coordinator坐标仪dampingbox阻角differentialresistance差动阻doublelayerrubbersleeve双层护forcedcenteringplate强制对中盘instrument文案大全

实用标准文档lead仪器电缆invarwire铟丝metalring属环plumbcoordinatemeter垂线标仪pulley滑轮regulator调节器riser立管sensor传感器spool绕轴steelsocket钢底座tablet药tensioningweight张拉重锤thermistor热敏电阻tip测头安装过程（ProcessionofInstallation）assemble组装couple连接embed埋设install安装insulate绝缘maintenance维护monitor监protectionofinstrumentation仪器护reduce纳密封拼接supply提供测试资料（Information）assembleschematic装配简图certificate合证书description使用说明书maintenaceguideline维护指manual说明书operatingprinciple工作原理operatingrestraint操范围procedure程序troubleshootingprocedure鼓分析程序其他（Others）第9/39页annularspace环行空间dataacquisition数采集datarecording数据记录leasdrillinghole引线孔permanentrecord久记录material)age龄期cementmark(strengthof/cement泥标号consumptiveuseofwaternormalconsistancereadoutdevice读数设备saturated饱和的seepageisolationdike截渗trapezoidal梯◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（TestofRawandProcessedMaterialofConcrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasionvolumebyLosAngelesrattler洛机磨耗量accumulatedretainedpercentage累计筛余百分率acicularandflakygraininaggregate针状片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregatereaction碱料反应apparentdensity视密度bulkdensityweight)容重claylumpsandfriableparticlesinaggregate土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficientofsoftening软系数crushindex压指标drystate干燥状态exceedingandinferiorgrainaggregate超逊径颗粒含量fineness细度模数gapingplacerate空隙率graderretainedpercentage分计余百分率graincomposition颗粒级配grainsize粒径lightweightmatterinaggregate轻质含量micacontent云母含量moisturecontent(waterrate)含率mud泥量organiccontent有机质含量potentialreactivityofaggregate骨料潜在活性saturation饱和的sievingcurve筛分曲线文案大全

实用标准文档softgraininaggregate软弱料含量soundness坚性surfacecontent表含水率water-solublesulphide水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料Hydraulicitycementitious标准稠度用水量degreeofmobilization流动性dissolutionheat()解热finalset凝flexuralstrength抗弯强度flyash粉灰hydrationheat水化热set初凝lossonignition(ignitionloss)烧矢量settingtime凝结时间硅粉soundness水泥的安定性specificsurfacearea比表面specificheat比热waterdemandratio吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubblestability泡沫稳定性bubblingability起泡能力chloridecontent氯化物含量compressivestrengthrate抗强度比contractwithdryrate干缩率dispersingcoefficient分散系数dispersingabilityofwater-reducingagent减水剂分散能lossofslump塌落损失sulphatecontent硫酸盐含量solidcontent固体含量tension表张力water-reducingrate减水率水（）alkalinity碱度calcion离子carbonicacid钙酸chlorion氯离子equivalentconcentration当量浓度oxygenconsumption耗氧量normalsolution(standardsolution)标准溶液PHvaluePH值wateranalysis水值分析砼（Concrete拌和物（）assurancestrengthofconcrete砼保证强度bleedingrate泌水率cement-sandration灰砂比designstrengthofconcrete砼设计标号flowabilityof砼的流动性mixproportion(proportionofmixture)砼合比mixtureuniformity拌和物的匀性penetration-obstructionmethod贯阻力法probabilityofensuringstrengthofconcrete砼强度保证率sandrate砂率unitconsumptionofwater单用水量waterretention(waterretentiveness)保水性water-cementratio水灰比硬化砼（Hardenedconcrete）axialtensilestrength轴向拉强度coefficientofthermalconductivity导系数coolingrate冷却率coreofconcrete砼芯样creepdeformation(timedeformation)变变形formcoefficient(form形状系数freezing-meltingcirculation冻融循环frost-resistancemark抗冻标号heatpropertyofconcrete砼热学性能height-diameterration高径linearexpansioncoefficient线胀系数lossof重量损失naturalfrequency自振频率permeate渗透permeatedheight渗透高度permeated-resistingmark抗渗号文案大全

实用标准文档relativecoefficientofpermeability对渗透系数resonancefrequency共振频率sample试件self-grownvolumedeformation砼）自生体积变形splittingtensilestrength劈抗拉强度staticcompressivemodulusofelasticity静抗压弹数temperatureconductivity导系数tensilemodulusofelasticity抗拉弹性模量thermalinsulation绝热温升ultimatetensile极限拉应变ultimatetensilestrength极限抗拉强wearrate磨损率wear-resistingstrength抗冲强度浆Cement）cementlimemortar水泥石灰浆mortar水砂浆cement-claymortar水泥黏土浆epoxymortar氧砂浆limemortar石灰砂浆plasteringmortar抹面砂浆pointingjointmortar勾缝浆土（）accumulationcurve(cumulativecurve)累曲线activityindex活性指标angleoffriction摩擦角Atterberglimits(watercontentlimit)阿堡界限（界限含水量）Californiabearingratio载重coarse-grainedsoil粒土coefficientofcompressibility压系数coefficientofcubicalcompressibility体积压缩系数coefficientofcurvature率系数compression压缩compressionindex压缩指数compressionmodulus压缩模数consolidated-undrained(quick)sheartest固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained(slow)sheartest固结排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation固结consolidationcoefficient固结数consolidationsettlement固结沉降consolidationstress固结应continuousgrading/gradation连接配contractiontest(shrinkagetest)收缩试验corecutter环刀法creepcurve蠕曲线criticalslope逸出坡降（临坡降）law达西定律degreeofconsolidation固结degreeofswelling自由膨胀率directsheartest直接剪切试验directsheartestofreiteration反直剪强度试验distributioncurve分布曲线driftsoil(shiftingsoil/massflow)流土第页effectiveangleofinnerfriction效内摩擦角effectivestrengthenvelope有效强度包线强度unconsolidatedundrainedtest不固结不排水expansionforce膨胀力expansionration(specificexpansion)膨胀率filteringflow(seepageflow)渗流fine-grainedsoil细粒土flownet(driftnet)流网hydraulicslope水力坡降hydrometermethod比重计法hydrostatichead常头法limitequilibriumstate极限平衡状态liquefaction液liquidlimit液liquidityindex液化指标文案大全

实用标准文档maximumdrydensity最大干密methodofsieving分法Mohr'sstress莫力应圆Mohr-coulombfailurecriteria莫尔库伦破坏准则normalstress法向应力（正应）oedometercurve压缩曲线optimummoisturecontent最含水量piping涌plasticlimit塑限plasticityindex塑性指标porewaterpressure空隙水压porosity空率principalstress主应力Proctorcompactiontest普氏实试验relativedensity对密度sandreplacementmethod灌砂saturability(saturationdegree/percentsaturation)饱和度saturatedunitweight饱和容seepagedeformation渗透变形seepageforce(seepagepressure)渗透力seepage渗透线seepagespeed渗透速度shearstress切向力（剪应力）shrinkagelimit缩限skip(gap/jump)grading间断配specificgravityofsoilparticle土粒比重steadyseepagefield稳定渗流场stresspath应路径totalstrengthenvelope总强度包线triaxialcompressiontest三轴压缩试验unconfinedcompression无限抗压剪（快剪）试验variableheadmethod变水头void(pore)ratio孔比waterreplacementmethod灌法wet湿度它建筑材料钢筋（steel）bendingandunbending反复弯coldbending弯试验elongationtest拉伸试验nominaldiameter公称直径ratioofelongation长率relaxationtest松弛试验steelstrand钢绞线tensileyieldstrength拉伸服强度ultimatetensilestrength极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshingstrengthparalledtothegrain顺纹抗压强度tensilestrengthparalledtothe顺抗拉强度strengthegrain横纹抗压强度tensilestrengthtothegrain横纹抗拉强度青（Asphalt）brittletemperaturetest脆化点试验expansiontest延度试验penetration针入式试验softeningpointtest软化点试验testofaging化试验viscositytest粘滞性试验质量管理（QualityManagementaverage平值deviationstandard(errorofsquares)均方差deviationcoefficient(dispersioncoefficient)离系数indexofcorrelation相关系managementlimit理界限mathematicstatistics数理统计maximum最大值minimum最值normaldistribution正态分布qualityassurance质量保证第页qualityexamination质量检测regressioncurve回曲线relativedampness相对湿文案大全

实用标准文档度samplecapacity样本容量samplingfrequency样频率specimen样品statisticalanalysis统计分technicalspecification技术规范technicalstandard技术标准testingcircumstance试环境testingerror试验误差testingregulation试验规程variance方差析◆地(Geology)地质年代（GeochronologyGeologicAges）Archaeozoicera(erathem)太代（界）Proterozoic(erathem)元古代（界）Palaeozoicera(erathem)古生（界）era(erathem)中生代（界）Cenozoicera(erathem)新生代（界）Sinianperiod(system)震旦纪（系）Cambrianperiod(system)寒武系）Ordovicianperiod(system)奥陶系）Silurianperiod(system)志留纪（系）Devonianperiod(system)泥纪（系）Carboniferousperiod(system)石碳纪（系）Permianperiod(system)二叠纪（系）Triassicperiod(system)三纪（系）Jurassicperiod(system)侏罗纪（系）Cretaceousperiod(system)白垩纪（系）Tertiaryperiod(system)第三纪（系）Quaternaryperiod(system)第纪（系）地质构造（GeologicStructural）fault断层normalfault正断层reversedfault逆断parallelfault平移断层gouge断层泥stria擦痕joint节理primaryjoint原生节理secondaryjoint次生理tensionjoint张节理unloadingjoint卸荷节理schistosity片bedding理foliation板理（叶理）波痕mudcrack泥rainprint雨痕orientationofbedrock岩层状strike走dip倾angleofdip(dipangle倾fold褶anticline背syncline向斜Monocline(homocline)单斜dome穹隆softstratum软弱岩层zoneoffracture(brokenzone)碎带affectedzone影响带platystructure板状构造cleavage解理fracture(rupture)断裂fissure(crack/fracture)裂隙岩石型Rocktype）petrology岩石学igneousrock火成岩magmaticrock岩浆岩lava(vocanicrock)火山intrusive(invade)侵入岩effusiverock深成岩pypabussalrock浅岩acidrock酸性岩inter-mediaterock中性岩basicrock性岩ultrabasicrock超基性岩granite花岗岩porphyry斑rhyolite玢岩syenite流纹岩trachyte粗面岩diorite长岩andesite安岩gabbro辉长岩basalt玄武岩aplite细晶岩pegmatite伟晶岩lamprophyre煌斑岩diabase辉岩dunite橄榄岩pumice浮岩第页sedimentaryrock沉积岩clasticrock碎屑clayrock黏土岩chemicalrock化学岩生物岩conglomerate砾siltstone粉砂岩mudstone泥岩shale页岩salinerock盐岩limestone石灰dolomite白岩marl泥灰岩volcanicbreccia火山角砾岩volcanicagglomerate火块集岩tuff凝灰岩metamorphicrock变质岩slate板phyllite千枚岩schist片岩gneiss片麻岩quartzite石英岩marble大理mylonite棱岩migmatite混合岩cataclasite碎裂岩文案大全

实用标准文档sediment(deposit)沉积物（层boulder漂石顽石cobble卵石gravel砾石sand砂siltstone粉土clay黏土sandyclay砂质黏土clayeysand粘质砂土sandyloam壤土、亚黏土regolith(topsoil)浮土、表土loess黄laterite红peat炭ooze软泥、海泥造岩矿物（Rock-forming）talc滑石gypsum石膏calcite方解石fluorite萤石apatite磷灰石feldspar长石quartz石topaz黄玉corundum刚玉diamand金刚石orthoclase正石plagloclase斜长石biotite黑云母muscovite白云母amphibole角石phroxene石olivine橄榄石dolomite白云石kaolinite高岭石montmorillonite蒙脱石bentonite斑石、膨润土illite伊力石garnet石榴子石chlorite绿泥石serpentine蛇石pyrite铁矿hematite赤铁矿magnetite磁铁矿limonite褐铁矿工程地质（EngineeringGeologyGeotechnics(geotechnique)工学（土工技术、岩石工程）rockmechanics岩石力学soilmechanics土学geomechanics地质力学、岩石学engineeringgeologicalconditons工程地质条件engineeringgeological工地质问题rockmassstructure岩体结构geographicandgeomorphicconditions地形貌条件geophysicalphenomenon物理地质象hydrogeologicalconditions水文地质条件naturalmaterials天然材料reservoir水库settlement沉降displacement位移deformation变形tectonicstress构造应力residualstress残余应力angleofinternalfriction内摩擦角第页cohesion内聚力（粘聚力、凝力）pressuretunnel压力洞undergroundcavern/cavity地洞室overburden覆盖物bedrock(baserock/foundationrock)基firm/soundrock坚硬岩石weak/softrock软弱岩石interbed夹层zoneoffracturezones)破碎带homogeneity均性nonhomogeneity/heterogeneity均质性veindyke岩sediment(deposit)沉积物（层alluvium冲积（层）proluvium(diluvium)洪积物（）deluvium坡物（层）eluvium残积物（层）eoliandeposit风积物（层）lakedeposit湖物（层）marinedeposit海积物（层）glacial(drift)deposit冰川沉积层）colluvialdeposit(colluvium)崩积层）isotropy各向同性anisotropy各向性矿物质的物理性质(PhysicalCharacterofMinerals)hardness硬度光泽color颜色transparencey/pellucidity透度streak条痕rent/fracture断口crystalform晶形岩石学Petrology)classification分structure构应力texture结构fabric组构mineralcomposition矿物组成crystalline结晶amorphoussubstance非晶质fossil化文案大全

实用标准文档degreeofrounding磨圆度degreeofgrains粒度地层地貌StratumandPhysiognomy)basin盆rivervalley河谷riverbed河topography形terrain地势attitude产状rockbase(batholite)岩基rockstock岩株rockflow岩流rockloccolith岩盖rocklopolith岩盆rockdike岩rocksill床cross-bedding交错层geologicstructure地质构造geotectonics大构造学graben地堑horst地垒cordance(conformity)整合discordance(unconformity)非合deceptivecordance/conformity假整合地质作用(PhysicalGeologyAction)weathering风化erosion侵transportation搬运deposition/sed