21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程课后翻译答案

........Unit11.被警察询问时，杰夫极力保持冷静，沉着地回答每个问题。(composure)Jefftriedtokeephiscomposureandanswereveryquestioncalmlywheninquiredbythepoliceman.2.油价不断上涨，世界各国都不同程度地受到了影响。(onewayoranother)Withoilpriceskeepingonincreasing,allthecountriesintheworldhavebeenaffected(in)onewayoranother3.他在会上提出了一系列可能避免环境污染的措施。(wardoff)Atthemeetingheproposedaseriesofmeasuresthatmightwardofftheenvironmentalpollution.4.迈克向他来的比赛上。(assure)父亲保证他一定会全身心投入到即将到Mikeassuredhisfatherthathewouldputhiswholeheartintothecomingcompetition.5.一旦玛丽下定决心，就绝不会动摇。(waver)Marywillneverwaveronceshemakesuphermind.中国人从小就相信英雄得具有大无畏和自我牺牲精神(self-sacrifice)。当国人利益相冲突时，英雄们总是选择牺牲自己。刘胡兰和董存瑞在中国家喻户晓。1947年，15岁的刘胡兰由于积极投身中国解放运动而被敌人杀害。战士瑞手托炸药包(apackofexplosives)，炸毁了敌人的碉堡(blockhouse)，并献出了自己的生命。但是，随着时间的推移，英雄的标准已经多样化，人们开始质疑这些英雄是否仍然是当今的楷模(rolemodel)。家利益和个.学习参考.........Chinesepeoplearebroughtuptobelievethataherohastobeassociatedwithtremendouscourageandself-sacrifice.Wheneverthereisacontradictionbetweentheinterestofnationandtheirown,Chineseheroesalwayschoosetosacrificethemselves.BothLiuHulanandDongCunruiarehouseholdnamesinChina.Liuwasa15-year-oldgirlkilledbytheenemyin1947forbeingactivelyinvolvedinliberationofChina.AndDongwasasoldierwhoblewofftheenemyblockhousebyholdingapackofexplosivesinhishandandkilledhimselfintheexplosion.However,itisopentoquestionwhethertheycanstillberolemodelstodaysincethecriteriaforheroeshavediversifiedalongwiththepassageoftime.Unit21.他们的一些罪行骇人听闻，简直令人毛骨悚然。Someoftheiroffencesaresoawfulthattheywouldchilltheblood.2.材料包括但不限于洋葱、奶酪、西红柿和黑胡椒。Theingredientsincludedbutwerenotlimitedtoonions,cheese,tomatoesandblackpepper3.他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事很荒唐Heconsidereditridiculousforthegeneralmanagertoattachsomuchimportancetothoseroutinetrifles.4.我们没人打破物理定律，不然就有人获诺贝尔奖了！.学习参考.........Wedidn’tbreakthelawsofphysics,orelsesomeonewouldbegettingtheNobelPrize!5.越来越多的医学证据表明了皮肤癌与在日光下暴露皮肤的明确关联。Mountingmedicalevidenceshowedtheclearlinkbetweensunexposureandskincancer汉语常被认为是一种非常古老的语言。从某种意义上说，这种说法不免失之言都可追溯到朦胧的史前时期(prehistory)，但目前我们还否都同宗同源。五千年前华夏祖先说汉语的方法同英语人方式大致相似。而从另一种意义上说，汉语确实也是一种很言。今天所存留下来的字已有近四千年的历史。这些文字均偏颇。人类所有的语无法确定这些语言是士的祖先说英语的古老的语最早的汉为甲骨雕文(incisionsonbonesandtortoiseshell。)Chineseisoftentermedasaveryoldlanguage.Inasensesuchastatementismisleading.Allhumanlanguagesgobacktothedimuncertaintyofprehistory,andatpresentwehavenowayofknowingforsurewhetherornottheycanallbetracedbacktothesameroot.FivethousandyearsagotheancestorsofChinesepeoplespokeanearlyformofChineselanguageinmuchthesamewaythattheancestorsofEnglish-speakingpeoplewereusingEnglish.Inanothersense,however,Chineseisindeedaveryoldlanguage.TheearliestwrittenformsofChineseinexistencetodaydatebacknearly4,000years.Thesewritingsareincisionsonbonesandtortoiseshell..学习参考.........Unit3调研结果描绘了18至19岁的一代青年人众事件漠不关心的现象。这一代青年青年相比，所知的更少，所关心的更少，也更少评论领导人和社会制度。这一代人对政治、政府乃至有关政治和社会。至今还没有人能充分地解释这一现象。也许缺乏能鼓动人心的事件，家庭的的兴起可以解释一二。年轻人自己则认为这是公民教育的缺陷引起，并且不断去年年底公布的一次全国范围的对公与以前的外面世界的新闻报道的冷漠态度已经开始影响中国的衰落以及网络地谈到他们的压力—对就业和成绩全力以赴的关注以及对职业前景的担忧。Thefindingsofanationalstudyreleasedlatelastyearpaintaportraitofagenerationofyoungadults,from18to19yearsofage,whoareindifferenttowardpublicaffairs.Itisagenerationthatknowsless,caresless,andislesscriticalofitsleadersandinstitutionsthanyoungpeopleinthepast.Theindifferenceofthisgeneration-topolitics,togovernment,eventonewsabouttheoutsideworld-isbeginningtoaffectChinesepoliticsandsociety.Noonehasyetofferedafullexplanationwhythisshouldbeso.Thelackofmobilizingissuesispartoftheanswer,asarethedeclineofthefamilyandtheriseofinternet.Youngpeoplethemselvesmentiontheweaknessoftheirciviceducation,andtheytalkincessantlyofstress-theirpreoccupationwithgettingjobsorgradesandtheirconcernabouttheirjobprospects..学习参考.........1.天气骤然变坏，寻找伤员的工作要加紧进行。Effortstoreachtheinjuredmenshouldbeintensifiedbecauseofthesuddendeteriorationinweatherconditions2.有些人可能沉溺于网上冲浪，这会危害他们的身心健康。Somepeoplemaybeaddictedtonetsurfing,whichimpairstheirphysicalandmentalhealth.3.地球和它表面的一切，不管是有，相互作生命的还是没有生命的用来影响我们的生活。TheEarthandeverythingonit,livingandnonliving,interacttoexertinfluenceonthelifewehave.4.穷人和救济维持生计。残疾人依靠政府的Needyandhandicappedpeopledependongovernmentrelieffortheirsupport.5.到目前为止，还没有对此品牌感到疲倦。迹象表明人们Sofarthereisnosignoffatiguewiththebrand.Unt41.在一个没有为高温炎热做好准备的国家，这是紧急事件。Inacountrythatisnotequippedforsevereheat,thisisanemergency.2.房间里闹哄哄的，他不得不竖起耳朵来听电话。.学习参考.........Itwassonoisyintheroomthathehadtopullhisearstohearthephone.3.这是一项令人兴奋的工作，但有几分危险。Thisisanexcitingjob,butkindofdangerous.4.很难预测这些事情的结果是什么。Itishardtopredicthowthesethingswillturnout.5.谁也不知道怎么办。即使知道也将会是摸着石头过河。Nobodyknowshowtofigurethemout.Evenifsomebodyseemstoknow,itisstill“crossingariverbyfeelingforthestones”.最近几年，出国留学的人有不断上升的趋势。许多中国学生想要了解西方的文化和商业经济。然而，也有一些学生想要移民出去。开始时他们可能觉得挺开心，但随着时间的推移，他们会觉得在一个不同文化的国家生活非常困难，或感觉受到不平等待遇。为了拿到绿卡，他们不惜一切代价地拼命工作。然而当他们拿到了绿卡，他们可能发现真正的问题在于一些人因为他们是亚洲人而歧视他们。这使得中国人在国外生活非常艰难。Inrecentyears,studyingabroadhasflourished.ManyChinesestudentswanttolearnmoreaboutwesterncultureandbusiness.However,somestudentswanttostudyabroadinordertomovethere.Theymightbehappyatthebeginning,butastimegoesbytheymightfindlivinginadifferentcultureverydifficult.Theymightalsofindthattheyaren'ttreatedasequals.Inordertogetagreencardsomepeoplewillworkhardandpourtheirheartandsoulintothisendeavor.When.学习参考.........theygetthegreencard,however,theymightdiscoverthatsomepeoplediscriminateagainstthembecausetheyareAsians,whichmakesitdifficultforChinesetoliveabroad.Uint51.不遵守学校规章制度的学生会被开除Studentscanbeexpelledforrefusingtoconformtoschoolrules.2.极度愤怒只会导致不愉快的结果Extremeangercanonlyleadtounpleasantoutcomes.3.现在，公司关心的事情就是有效地进行废物处理和提高利润。。。Currently,whatthecompanycaresaboutareefficientwastedisposalandhigherprofits.4.在你决定想要做什么工作之前，你可以考虑一下找一份临时工作。Youmightconsiderfindingtemporaryworkbeforeyoudecidewhatyouwanttodo.5.如果足，我们就得承受失败的风险。对团队协作的重要性意识不Ifwedonothavestrongawarenessofthesignificanceofteamwork,wewillruntheriskoffailure..学习参考.........中国人的消费态度发生了巨大转变。随着旅游增多，中国人不但开阔了视野，接触到的奢侈品范围也更加宽广。一旦出国，他们最热衷的活动就是购物。庞大消费群体：重视地位，日益富。据估计，现在约有1000到1300万大品，主要是企业家和在跨国士。许多奢侈品公司视中国消费者为一个潜在的裕，渴望名牌，狂热消费陆人消费奢侈公司工作的年轻专业人InChina,attitudestoconsumptionhavechangeddramatically.AstheChinesetravelmore,theyarebroadeningnotonlytheirmindsbutalsotherangeofluxurygoodstheycomeintocontactwith.Onceabroad,theirfavouriteactivityseemstobeshopping.ManyluxuryfirmsseeChineseshoppersasapotentiallyhugegroupofstatus-conscious,increasinglywealthypeoplehungryforbrandsandfanaticalaboutshopping.It’sestimatedtherearenowaround10m-13mmainlandcustomersforluxurygoods—mostlyentrepreneursandyoungprofessionalsworkingformultinationalfirms.Unit61.他用冷漠的态度Hereactedtotheinsultbyactingascoldasice.2.在生，有原则的人愿苟且偷生。(liveindisgrace)面对别人的侮辱。(insult)活中宁愿死得有尊严也不Inlife,amanofprinciplepreferstodiewithdignityinsteadoflivingindisgrace.3.几个警察不护送这位裁判离开足球场。(escort)得不.学习参考.........Severalpolicemenhadtoescorttherefereefromthefootballfield.4.她总觉得自己受制于人。(bemanipulatedShealwayshasthefeelingthatsheisbeingmanipulated.5.万一有特殊情况，学生们应该向警察求助。(exceptional))Incaseofexceptionalcircumstances,studentsshouldturntothepoliceforhelp.重阳节(DoubleNinthFestival)是一个中国的传统节日，每年农历的9月初9，人们都会登高，赏菊(chrysanthemum)，敬老。根据《易经》(TheBookofChanges)的阴阳学说，9是代表阳的，这就是为什么那天被称为“重阳”。节”。在节日的当天，晚辈们要向长辈们表1988年，中国政府把那天定为“老人示尊敬和爱戴，祝他们健康，长寿。在中国的某些地方，那天还是纪念祖先的日子。TheDoubleNinthFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestivalcelebratedonthe9thoftheninthlunarmonthwhenpeoplegoouttoclimbhighmountains,enjoythechrysanthemumandshowtheirrespecttotheseniors.AccordingtoTheBookofChan