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环球天下教育旗下品牌网站美国纽交所上市公司/上海英语试卷考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分150分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第1卷(第1-12页)和第II卷(第13页),全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。第1卷(共105分)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atalibrary. B.Atahotel. C.Atabank. D.Atanairport.2.A.Relaxed. B.Annoyed. C.Worried. D.Satisfied3.A.Doctorandpatient. B.Shopownerandcustomer.C.Secretaryandboss. D.Receptionistandguest.4.A.Hewouldhavethrown$300around. B.$300isnotenoughfortheconcert.C.Sandyshouldn'thavegiventhatmuch. D.Davemustbemadwiththemoney5.A.Shelivesclosetotheman. B.Shechangeshermindatlast.C.Shewillturntohermanager. D.Shedeclinestheman'soffer.6.A.2B.3.C.4.D.57.A.Bothofthemdrinktoomuchcoffee.B.Thewomandoesn'tlikecoffeeatall.C.Theyhelpeachotherstopdrinkingcoffee.D.Themanisuninterestedinthewoman'sstory8.A.Hedoesn'tmindhelpingthewoman.B.Hehesitateswhethertohelpornot.C.He'llhelpifthewomandoesn'tmindD.Hecan'thelpmovethecupboard.9.A.He'splanningtofindanewjob.B.Hepreferstokeephishouseinamess.C.He'stoobusytocleanhishouseD.Hehasalreadycleanedhisnewhouse,10.A.Shedoesn'tagreewiththeman.B.Sheisgoodatfindingaplacetostay.C.Shecouldhardlyfindthetruth.D.ShehadnotravelexperienceinBritain.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage11.A.Usethecompany'sequipment. B.GiveorderstorobotsC.Makedecisionsforthecompany. D.ActasBigBrother.12.A.Employeesgainfullfreedom. B.Employeessuspectoneanother.C.Employees'childrenarehappy. D.Employeesenjoyworkingthere.13.A.Reward.B.Safety.C.Trust.D.HonestyQuestions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage14.A.Canadahadasmallerpopulation. B.LandwascheaperinCanada.C.TheywantedtocontinuetheRevolution. D.TheywereagainstBritain.15.A.TheystandardizedCanadianEnglish.B.TheysettledthereaftertheRevolution.C.Theyenjoyaveryhighsocialposition.D.Theymakeupasmallpartofthepopulation16.A.Itisconsidereduniquetosomeextent.B.ItisgreatlyinfluencedbyFrench.C.ItismainlylinkedtoBritishculture.D.Itdatesbacktothelate17thcentury.SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.findings,twothemesare54:wearemorewillingtohelppeoplewelikeforsomereasonandpeoplewethink55assistance.Insomesituations,thosewhoarephysicallyattractivearemorelikelytoreceiveaid.56,inafieldstudyresearchersplacedacompletedapplicationtograduateschoolinatelephoneboxattheairport.Theapplicationwasreadytobe57,buthadapparentlybeen"lost".Thephotoattachedtotheapplicationwassometimesthatofavery58personandsometimesthatofalessattractiveperson.Themeasureofhelpingwaswhethertheindividualwhofoundtheenvelopeactuallymaileditornot.Resultsshowedthatpeopleweremorelikelyto59theapplicationifthepersoninthephotowasphysicallyattractive.Thedegreeof60betweenthepotentialhelperandthepersoninneedisalsoimportant.Forexample,peoplearemorelikelytohelpastrangerwhoisfromthesamecountryratherthanaforeigner.Inonestudy,shoppersonabusystreetinScotlandweremorelikelytohelpapersonwearinga(n)61T-shirtthanapersonwearingaT-shirtprintedwithoffensivewords.Whetherapersonreceiveshelpdependsinpartonthe"worth"ofthecase.Forexample,shoppersinasupermarketweremorelikelytogivesomeone.62tobuymilkratherthantobuycookies,probablybecausemilkisthoughtmoreessentialfor63thancookies.PassengersonaNewYorksubwayweremorelikelytohelpamanwhofelltothegroundifheappearedtobe64ratherthandrunk.50. A.study B.way C.word D.college51. A.hand B.arm C.face D.back52. A.refuse B.beg C.lose D.receive53. A.challenging B.recording C.understanding D.publishing54. A.important B.possible C.amusing D.missing55. A.seek B.deserve C.obtain D.accept56. A.Atfirst B.Aboveall C.Inaddition D.Forexample57. A.printed B.mailed C.rewritten D.signed58.A.talented B.good-looking C.helpful D.hard-working59. A.sendin B.throwaway C.fillout D.turndown60. A.similarity B.friendship C.cooperation D.contact61. A.expensive B.plain C.cheap D.strange62. A.time B.instructions C.money D.chances63. A.shoppers B.researchC.children D.health64. A.talkative B.handsome C.calm D.sickSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)PhilWhitehasjustreturnedfroman18,000-mile,around-the-worldbicycletrip.Whitehadtworeasonsformakingthisepicjourney.Firstofall,hewantedtousethetriptoraisemoneyforcharity,whichhedid.Heraised~70,000fortheBritishcharity,Oxfam.White'ssecondreasonformakingthetripwastobreaktheworldrecordandbecomethefastestpersontocyclearoundtheworld.Heisstillwaitingtofindoutifhehasbrokentherecordornot.WhitesetofffromTrafalgarSquare,inLondon,on19thJune2004andwasback299dayslater.Hespentmorethanl,300hoursinthesaddle(车座)anddestroyedfoursetsoftyresandthreebikechains.HehadtheadventureofhislifecrossingEurope,theMiddleEast,India,Asia,Australia,NewZealandandtheAmericas.Amazingly,hedidallofthiswithabsolutelynosupportteam.Nojeepcarryingfood,waterandmedicine.Nodoctor.Nothing!Justabikeandavery,verylongroad.Thejourneywaslonelyanddesperateattimes.Healsohadtofighthiswayacrossdeserts,throughjunglesandovermountains.Hecycledthroughheavyrainsandtemperaturesofupto45degrees,alltohelppeopleinneed.Therewereotherdangersalongtheroad.InIran,hewaschasedbyarmedrobbersandwasluckytoescapewithhislifeandthelittlemoneyhehad.TheworstthingthathappenedtohimwashavingtocycleintoaheadwindonaroadthatcrossesthesouthofAustralia.For1,000kilometreshebattledagainstthewindthatwasconstantlypushinghim.Thispartofthetripwasslow,hardworkanddepressing,buthemadeitintheend.NowMr.Whiteisbackandintendstowriteabookabouthisadventures.65.WhenPhilWhitereturnedfromhistrip,he________.
A.broketheworldrecord B.collectedmoneyforOxfam
C.destroyedseveralbikes D.travelledabout1,300hours66.Whatdoestheword"epic"inParagraphlmostprobablymean
A.Veryslowbutexciting.B.Verylonganddifficult.
C.Verysmoothbuttiring.D.Verylonelyanddepressing.67.Duringhisjourneyaroundtheworld,PhilWhite_______.
A.foughtheroicallyagainstrobbersinIran
B.experiencedtheextremesofheatandcold
C.managedtorideagainstthewindinAustralia
D.hadateamofpeoplewhotravelledwithhim68.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribePhilWhite?
A.Imaginative.B.Patriotic.C.Modest.D.Determined.(B)Thevalue-packed,all-inclusivesight-seeingpackagethatcombinesthebestofSydney'sharbour,city,bayandbeachhighlights.ASydneyPassgivesyouunlimitedandflexibletravelontheExplorerBuses:the'red'SydneyExplorershowsyouaroundourexcitingcitysightswhilethe'blue'BondiExplorervisitsSydneyHarbourbaysandfamousbeaches.Taketothewaterononeofthreemagnificentdailyharbourcruises(游船).YoucanalsotravelfreeonregularSydneyBuses,SydneyFerriesorCityRailservices(limitedarea),soyoucangotoeverycornerofthisImaginebrowsingatDarlingHarbour,samplingthefamousseafoodatWatsonsBayorenjoyingthecitylightsonaneveningferrycruise.ThepossibilitiesandplansareendlesswithaSydneyPass.Whereveryoudecidetogo,rememberthatbookingsarenotrequiredSydneyPassesareavailablefor3,50r7daysforuseovera7calendardayperiod.Witha3or5daypassyouchooseonwhichdaysoutofthe7youwanttouseit.AllSydneyPassesincludeafreeAirportExpressinwardtripbeforestartingyour3,5or7days,andthereturntripisvalid(有效的)for2monthsfromthefirstdayyourticketwasused.SydneyPassFares*Achildisdefinedasanyonefromtheagesof4yearstounder16years.Childrenunder4yearstravelfree.**Afamilyisdefinedas2adultsandanynumberofchildrenfrom4tounder16yearsofagefromthesamefamily.69.ASydneyPassdoesn’tofferunlimitedrideson______.
A.theExplorerBuses B.theharbourcruises
C.regularSydneyBuses D.CityRailservices70.WithaSydneyPass,atravellercan________.
A.savefaresfromandtotheairport B.taketheSydneyExplorertobeaches
C.enjoythefamousseafoodforfree D.reserveseatseasilyinarestaurant71.If5-dayticketsweretoberecommendedtoamotherwhotravelledwithhercolleagueandherchildren,aged3,6and10,whatwouldthelowestcostbe?
A.$225. B.$300. C.$360. D.$420.(C)ResearchersinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles(UCLA)havediscoveredamajordifferenceinthewaymenandwomenrespondtostress.Thisdifferencemayexplainwhymenaremorelikelytosufferfromstress-relateddisorders.Untilnow,psychologicalresearchhasmaintainedthatbothmenandwomenhavethesame"fight-or-flight"reactiontostress.Inotherwords,individualseitherreactwithaggressivebehavior,suchasverbalorphysicalconflict("fight"),ortheyreactbywithdrawingfromthestressfulsituation("flight").However,theUCLAresearchteamfoundthatmenandwomenhavequitedifferentbiologicalandbehavioralresponsestostress.Whilemenoftenreacttostressinthefight-or-flightresponse,womenoftenhaveanotherkindofreactionwhichcouldbecalled"tendandbefriend."Thatis,theyoftenreacttostressfulconditionsbyprotectingandnurturingtheiryoung("tend"),andbylookingforsocialcontactandsupportfromothers-especiallyotherfemales('befriend").Scientistshavelongknownthatinthefight-or-flightreactiontostress,animportantroleisplayedbycertainhormones(激素)releasedbythebody.TheUCLAresearchteamsuggeststhatthefemaletend-or-befriendresponseisalsobasedonahormone.Thishormone,calledoxytocin,hasbeenstudiedinthecontextofchildbirth,butnowitisbeingstudiedforitsroleintheresponseofbothmenandwomentostress.Theprincipalinvestigator,Dr.ShelleyE.Taylor,explainedthat"animalsandpeoplewithhighlevelsofoxytocinarecalmer,morerelaxed,moresocial,andlessanxious."Whilemenalsosecrete(分泌)oxytocin,itseffectsarereducedbymalehormones.Intermsofeverydaybehavior,theUCLAstudyfoundthatwomenarefarmorelikelythanmentoseeksocialcontactwhentheyarefeelingstressed.Theymayphonerelativesorfriends,oraskdirectionsiftheyarelost.Thestudyalsoshowedhowfathersandmothersrespondeddifferentlywhentheycamehometotheirfamilyafterastressfuldayatwork.Thetypicalfatherwantedtobeleftalonetoenjoysomepeaceandquiet.Foratypicalmother,copingwithabaddayatworkmeantfocusingherattentiononherchildrenandtheirneeds.Thedifferencesinrespondingtostressmayexplainthefactthatwomenhavelowerfrequencyofstress-relateddisorderssuchashighbloodpressureoraggressivebehavior.Thetend-and-befriendregulatory(调节的)systemmayprotectwomenagainststress,andthismayexplainwhywomenonaveragelivelongerthanmen.72.TheUCLAstudyshowsthatinresponsetostress,menaremorelikelythanwomento_____.
A.turntofriendsforhelp B.solveaconflictcalmly
C.findanescapefromreality D.seekcomfortfromchildren73.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutoxytocinaccordingtothepassage?
A.Menhavethesamelevelofoxytocinaswomendo.
B.Oxytocinusedtobestudiedinbothmenandwomen.
C.Bothanimalsandpeoplehavehighlevelsofoxytocin.
D.Oxytocinhasmoreofaneffectonwomenthanonmen.74.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?
A.Malehormoneshelpbuildupthebody'sresistancetostress.
B.Inafamilyamothercaresmoreaboutchildrenthanafatherdoes.
C.Biologicaldifferencesleadtodifferentbehavioralresponsestostress.
D.TheUCLAstudywasdesignedtoconfirmpreviousresearchfindings.75.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.Howmenandwomengetoverstress
B.Howmenandwomensufferfromstress
C.Howresearchersovercomestressproblems
D.Howresearchershandlestress-relateddisordersSectionCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandchoosethemostsuitableheadingfromA-Fforeachparagraph.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneed.A.WhenachildshouldlearntoreadB.WhyitisfuntoteachachildreadingC.WhatifachildhasreadingproblemsD.HowyouprepareayoungchildforreadingE.WhatisthebestwaytoteachachildreadingF.Whetherreadingearlypromiseslaterachievements76.Learningtoreadearlyhasbecomeoneofthoseindicators—inparents'mindsatleast–thattheirchildissmart.Infact,readingearlyhasverylittletodowithwhetherachildissuccessfulacademically.Researchhasshownthatdifficultywithreadingisoftenduenottoinferiorintelligencebuttodifferencesinthedevelopmentalwiringofeachindividualchild.Insomecases,thereareneurologicalproblemsanddevelopmentallagsthatcanbeovercomewithpropertraining.77.Traditionally,Americanschoolsteachchildrenatagesix,butmanyschoolsbeginteachinginformallyinkindergartenandpre-kindergarten.Ifparentsstarttooearlytoencouragereading,andachilddoesnotimmediatelysucceed,theparenthasahardtimerelaxingandlettingthechildgoathisorherownpace.78.Overtheyears,researchhasprovedthattheuseofboththe“wholelanguage"methodandthe"phonic"methodworksbestforachildtomasterreading.Whilethewholelanguageapproach,whichincludesreadingtochildrenandgettingtheminterestedinboththeactivityofreadingandthestorytheyarereading,ishelpful,phonicsmustbetaught.Childrenmustbetaughtthatoneofthesquigglestheyseeisa"p"andanothera"b".Gettingtheprintoffthepagerequiresadifferentabilitythanbeingabletounderstandthemeaningofwhatiswritten.79.Youcanstartdevelopingtheskillsneededinreadingataveryyoungagewithoutputtinganypressureonchildren.Besidesreadingtothem,parentscanstart"eartraining"theirchildbyplayingthymegames.Thisdevelopsthechild'sabilitytorecognizedifferentsounds.Inreadingtochildren,parentsalsocanpointtowordsastheygo,teachingthechildthatthefunnylinesonthepagearethewordsyouaresaying.Allthisshouldbeafunactivity.80.Onceachildisinschool,thelearningofreadingisinevitablymoreserious.Forchildrenwhohavesomekindofreadingdifficulty,youmustgetaprofessionaldiagnosis.Whiletheteachermightsaythechildismerelydisinterestedbutwillgetoverit,disinterestorpoorperformanceinreadingcanstemfromanumberofthings,somebeingveryspecificlearningdisabilitiesthatcanbeidentifiedandworkedon.Butitisverytrickyforparentstodealwiththeirownchild'slearningdisabilities.SectionDDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Whilecontactbetweenadolescents(betweentheagesoffifteenandnineteen)andtheirpeers(同龄人)isauniversalcharacteristicofallcultures,thenatureandthedegreeofsuchcontactvaryagreatdeal.InAmericancontemporarysociety,adolescentsspendmuchmoretimewiththeirpeersthanwithyoungerchildrenoradults.Thispatternofagesegregation(隔离)inAmericansocietydidnotbecomeusualuntilthebeginningoftheindustrializedsociety.Changesintheworkplaceseparatedchildrenfromadults,withadultsworkingandchildrenattendingschool.Thedramaticincreaseofmothersintheworkplacehasfurthercontributedtothereductionintheamountoftimeadolescentsspendwithadults.Schoolreformeffortsduringthenineteenthcentury,whichresultedinage-segregatedschoolsandgrades,havereducedtheamountoftimeadolescentsspendwithyoungerchildren.Finally,thechangesinpopulationareconsideredafactorthatmayhavecontributedtotheemergenceofadolescentpeerculture.From1955t01975,theadolescentpopulationincreaseddramatically,from11percentt020.9percent.Thisincreaseinthenumberofadolescentsmightbeacontributingfactortotheincreaseinadolescentpeercultureintermsofgrowthinsize.Researchsupportstheviewthatadolescentsspendagreatdealoftimewiththeirpeers.ReedLarsonandhiscolleaguesexaminedadolescents'dailyactivitiesandfoundthattheyspendmoretimetalkingtotheirfriendsthanengaginginanyotheractivity.Inatypicalweek,highschoolstudentswillspendtwiceasmuchtimewiththeirpeersaswithadults.Thisgradualwithdrawalfromadultsbeginsinearlyadolescence.Insixthgrade,adults(excludingparents)accountforonly25percentofadolescentsocialnetworks.Anotherimportantcharacteristicofadolescentpeercultureisitsincreasinglyautonomous(白治的)function.Whilechildhoodpeergroupsareconductedundertheclosesupervisionofparents,adolescentpeergroupstypicallymakeanefforttoescapeadultsupervisionandusuallysucceedindoingso.(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANEIGHTWORDS.)81."Thispatternofagesegregation"referstothephenomenonthatadolescentssegregatethemselvesfr
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