不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法

不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点，而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点，但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词，结尾字母一般是t或d。如:cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt,spread-spread-spread特殊：动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致，read-read-read，但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如：come-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如:.把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如:lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent.改变单词中间元音字母。如:sit-sat-sat,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held.以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept。如:keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept

.过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如：buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-taught,catch-caught-caught.有的以ay结尾的动词，在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如：say-said-said,lay-laid-laid,pay-paid-paid.另有一些其它形式的变化。如：have-had-had,learn-learnt-learnt,leave-left-left,lose-lost-lost,make-made-made,meet-met-met,feel-felt-felt四、有些动词原形中含有字母i，在过去式中变i为a，在过去分词中变i为u。如：五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词，在变成过去式时，通常把元音字母变成e，在变成过去分词时，通常只在词尾加n。如：blow-blew-blown,draw-drew-drawn,grow-grew-grown,throw-threw-thrown,know-knew-known六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en，变成以en结尾的单词。如：rise-rose-risen,give-gave-given,take-took-taken,fall-fell-fallen,drive-drove-driven,eat-ate-eaten特殊：write-wrote-written,speak-spoke-spoken,ride-rode-ridden,get-got-gotten

（1）AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）cost（花费）costcostcut（割）cutcuthit（打）hithithurt伤害）hurthurtlet（让）letletput（放）putputread（读）readreadspread（伸展/传播）spreadspread⑵AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）beat（跳动）beatbeaten⑶ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）become（变成）becamebecomecome（来）camecomerun（跑）ranrun⑷ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）dig（挖） dugdugget（得至U） gotgothang（吊死）hangedhangedhang（悬挂）hunghunghold（抓住）heldheldlay（产卵）laidlaidshine（照耀）shoneshonesit（坐）satsatwin（赢）wonwonmeet（遇见）metmetkeep（保持）keptkeptsleep（睡）sleptsleptsweep（扫）sweptsweptfeel（感觉）feltfeltflee（逃跑）fledfledsmell（闻）smeltsmeltleave（离开）leftleftbuild（建设）builtbuiltlend（借出）lentlentsend（传送）sentsentspend（花费）spentspentsink（沉下）sunk/sanksnuk/sunkenlose（丢失）lostlostburn（燃烧）burntburntlearn（学习）learntlearntmean（意思是）meantmeantcatch（抓住）caughtcaughtteach（教） taughttaughtbring（带来） broughtbroughtfight（战斗）foughtfoughtbuy（买）boughtboughtthink（想） thoughtthoughthear（听见）heardheardsell（卖）soldsoldtell（告诉）toldtoldsay（说）saidsaidfind（找到）foundfoundfeed（饲养）fedfedhave/has（有）hadhadmake（制造）mademadestand（站）stoodstoodsmell（闻）smelled/smeltsmelled/smeltstick（粘贴/刺） stuckstuckspell（拼写）spelt/spelledspelt/spelledspit（吐唾沫）spatspatunderstand（明白）understoodunderstood⑸ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）begin（开始）beganbegundrink（喝）drankdrunkhide（躲藏）hidhiddenring（铃响）rangrungsing（唱） sang sungswim（游泳） swamswumblow（吹） blew blowndraw（画） drew drawnfly（飞）flewflowngrow（生长）grewgrownknow（知道）knewknownthrow（投掷）threwthrownshow（出示）showedshownbreak（打破）brokebrokenchoose（选择）chosechosenforget（忘记）forgotforgotten（forgot）freeze（结冰/凝固）frozefrozenspeak（说） spokespokenwake（醒） wokewokedrive（驾驶）drovedriveneat（吃） ateeatenfall（落下）fellfallengive（给） gavegivenrise（升高）roserisentake（取） tooktakenmistake（弄错）mistoo