2012年考研英语二真题及答案解析

入学考试英语二Section1UseofDirectionsMillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho（1)inWorldWarIIandthepeopletheyliberated,theGI.wasthe（2)mangrownintohero,thepoolfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho（3)alltheburdensofbattle,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe（4)offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,（5)anaverageguy,up（6)thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseeninHisnameisnotmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation（7)Issue,anditwasonallofthearticle（8)tosoldiers.AndJoe?Acommonnameforaguywhonever（9)ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas（10)hadaorviceorsecretaryofstateJoe.GI.joehada(11)careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappersasacharacter,ora(12)ofamericanalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentErniePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPyle(13)portraydethemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe(14)sideofthewarl,writingaboutthedirt-snow–and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanywere(15)orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated,Hisreports(16)the“willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripes BillMaulden.Bothmen(17)thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the(18)ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.(19)Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,G.I.JoewasanyAmericansoldier,(20)themostimportant theirlives.1.[A] 2.[A]actual [B]facilitice[C]commodities [C]but [D]hence [C]form [D]against [B]implying [C]symbolizing 8.[A]handedout [B]turnover [C]broughtback[D]passeddown [B]never [B]collection[C]community [D]colony [C]interviewed[D]questioned cted[C]duplicated [C]emphasized[D]admired18.[A]stages[B]illusions[C]fragments[D]advancea19.[A]With[B]To[C]Among[D]Beyond20.[A]onthecontrary[B]bythismeans[C]fromthe [D]atthatSectionIIResdiongPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.answerthequestionaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Texthasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonhiseducationalritual.Unfortunay,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblewhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,maynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade.Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheir.Buttheisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,noshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.Districtadministratorssaythatwillstillbeapatofschooling:teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirandseeveylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheir,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheir?Itisquitepossiblethatthehelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofindwhatworksbestfortheirstudents,theimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule.Atthesametime,theaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestions.Ifthedistrictfindstobeunimportanttoitsstudents’academicachievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatetheassignments,notmakethemcountforalmostnothing.Conversely,ifdoesnothingtoensurethatthestudentsarenotassigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect.Therulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheschoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingeducational,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedtodo 21.Itisimpliedinparagraph1thatnowadays[A]isreceivingmorecriticism[B]isnolongeraneducationalritual[C]isnotrequiredforadvancedcourses[D]isgainingmorepreferences22.L.A.Unifiedhasmadetheruleaboutmainlybecausepoor [A]tendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheireducation[B]haveaskedforadifferenteducationalstandard[C]mayhaveproblemsfinishingtheir[D]havevoicedtheircomintsaboutAccordingtoParagraph3,oneproblemwiththeisthatitmay [A]discouragestudentsfromng[B]resultinstudents'indifferencetotheirreportcards[C]underminetheauthorityofstatetests[D]restrictteachers'powerinAsmentionedinParagraph4,akeyquestionunansweredaboutis itshouldbeeliminated[B]itcountsmuchinschooling[C]itcesextraburdensonteachers[D]itisimportantforgradesAsuitabletitleforthistextcouldbe [A]WrongInterpretationofanEducational edforPoorStudents[C]ThornyQuestionsabout[D]AFaultyApproachtoPrettyinpink:adultwomendonotrememerbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Ttisnotthatpinkisintrinsicallybad,butitissuchatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusesgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,Idespairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests.Girls’attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,itisnot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury:intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What’smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apas ofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolisedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid-1980s,whenamplifyingageand differencesbecameadominantchildren’smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.Ihadnotrealisedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokins,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren’sbehaviour:wrong.Turnsout,acdordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularisedasamarketingtrickbyclothingmanufacrurersinthe1930s.Tradepublicationscounselleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea“thirdstepstone”betweeninfantwearandolderkids’clothes.Ttwasonlyafter“toddler”becameacommonshoppers’termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences–orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.Bysaying"itis...therainbow"(Line3,Para.1),theauthormeanspink [A]shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood[B]shouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls'innocence[C]cannotexingirls'lackofimagination[D]cannotinfluencegirls'livesandAccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?[A]Coloursareencodedingirls'DNA.[B]Blueusedtoberegardedasthecolourforgirls.[C]Pinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolisinggenders.[D]Whiteispreferedbybabies.Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopmentwasmuchinfluencedby themarketingofproductsforchildren[B]theobservationofchildren'snature[C]researchesintochildren'sbehavior[D]studiesofchildhoodconsumptionWemaylearnfromParagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvisedto [A]focusoninfantwearandolderkids'clothes[B]attachequalimportancetodifferentgenders[C]classifyconsumersintosmallergroups[D]createsomecommonshoppers'termsItcanbeconcludedthatgirls'attractiontopinkseemsto clearlyexinedbytheirinborntendency[B]fullyunderstoodbyclothingmanufacturers[C]mainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenbusinessmen[D]wellinterpretedbypsychologicalexpertsText3In2010.afederaljudgeshookAmerica'sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades-by2005some20%ofhumangeneswerepatented.ButinMarch2010ajudgeruledthatgeneswereunpatentable.Executiveswereviolentlyagitated.TheBiotechnologyIndustryOrganisation(BIO),atradegroup,assuredmembersthatthiswasjusta"preliminarystep"inalongerbattle.OnJuly29ththeywererelieved,atleasttemporarily.Afederalappealscourtoverturnedthepriordecision,rulingthatMyriadGeneticscouldindeedholdpatentstotwogenesthathelpforecastawoman'sriskofbreastcancer.ThechiefexecutiveofMyriad, inUtah,saidtherulingwasablessingtofirmsandpatientsButascompaniescontinuetheirattemptsat alisedmedicine,thecourtswillremainratherbusy.TheMyriadcaseitselfisprobablynotover.Criticsmakethreemainargumentsagainstgenepatents:ageneisaproductofnature,soitmaynotbepatented;genepatentssuppressinnovationratherthanrewardit;andpatents'monopoliesrestrictaccesstogenetictestssuchasMyriad's.Agrowingnumberseemtoagree.Lastyearafederaltask- urgedreformforpatentsrelatedtogenetictests.InOctobertheDepartmentofJusticefiledabriefintheMyriadcase,arguingthatanisolatedDNAmolecule"isnolessaproductofnature...thanarecottonfibresthathavebeenseparatedfromcottonseeds."Despitetheappealscourt'sdecision,bigquestionsremainunanswered.Forexample,itisunclearwhetherthesequencingofawholegenomeviolatesthepatentsofindividualgeneswithinit.ThecasemayyetreachtheSupremeCourt.AStheindustryadvances,however,othersuitsmayhaveanevengreaterimpact.CompaniesareunlikelytofilemanymorepatentsforhumanDNAmolecules-mostarealreadypatentedorinthepublic.firmsarenowstudyinghowgenes ct,lookingforcorrelationsthatmightbeusedtodeterminethecausesofdiseaseorpredictadrug'sefficacy.Companiesareeagertowinpatentsfor'connectingthedots',exinsHansSauer,alawyerfortheBIO.Theirsuccessmaybedeterminedbyasuitrelatedtothisissue,broughtbytheMayoClinic,whichtheSupremeCourtwillhearinitsnextterm.TheBIOrecentlyheldaconventionwhichincludedsessionstocoachlawyersontheshiftinglandscapeforpatents.Eachmeetingwaspacked. 31.itcanbelearnedfromparagraphIthatthebiotechcompanieswouldlike-----theirexecutivestobejudgestoruleoutgenegenesto theBIOtoissueathosewhoareagainstgenepatentsbelievethat---genetictestsarenotonlyman-madeproductsarepatentsongenesdependmuchoncourtsshouldrestrictaccesstogeneticaccordingtohanssauer,companiesareeagertowinpatentsfor----A.establishingdiseasecomelationsB.discoveringgenein C.drawingpicturesofgenesD.identifyinghumanDNABysaying“eachmeetingwaspacked”(line4,para6)theauthormeansthat----thesupremecourtwastheBIOwasapowerfulgenepatentingwasagreatlawyerswerekeentoattendgenerallyspeaking,theauthor’sattitudetowardgenepatentingis----Text4Thegreatrecessionmaybeover,butthiseraofhighjoblessnessisprobablybeginning.Beforeitends,itwilllikelychangethelifecourseandcharacterofagenerationofyoungadults.Andultimay,itislikelytoreshapeourpolitics,ourculture,andthecharacterofoursocietyforyears.Noonetriesharderthanthejoblesstofindsilverliningsinthisnationaleconomicdisaster.Manysaidthatunemployment,whileextremelypainful,hadimprovedtheminsomeways;theyhad elessmaterialisticandmorefinanciallyprudent;theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothers.Inlimitedrespects,perhapstherecessionwillleavesocietybetteroff.Attheveryleast,ithasawokenusfromournationalfeverdreamofeasyrichesandbiggerhouses,andputanecessaryendtoaneraofreckless alspending.Butforthemostpart,thesebenefitsseemthin,uncertain,andfaroff.InTheMoralConsequencesofEconomicGrowth,theeconomichistorianBenjaminFriedmanarguesthatbothinsideandoutsidetheU.S.,lengthyperiodsofeconomicstagnationordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spiritedandlessinclusive,andhaveusuallystoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrightsanddoms.Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases,asdoesbetweenracesandclasses.einequalityusuallyfallsduringarecession,butithasnotshrunkinthisone,.Indeed,thisperiodofeconomicweaknessmayreinclassdivides,anddecreaseopportunitiestocrossthem---especiallyforyoungpeople.TheresearchofTillVonWachter,theeconomistinColumbiaUniversity,suggeststhatnotallpeoplegraduatingintoarecessionseetheirlifechancesdimmed:thosewithdegreesfromeliteuniversitiescatchupfairlyquicklytowheretheyotherwisewouldhavebeeniftheyhadgraduatedinbettertimes;itisthemassesbeneaththemthatareleftbehind.Intheinternetage,itisparticularlyeasytoseetheresentmentthathasalwaysbeenhiddenwinthinAmericansociety.Moredifficult,inthemoment,isdiscerningpreciselyhowtheseleantimesareaffectingsociety’scharacter.Inmanyrespects,theU.S.wasmoresociallytolerantenteringthisresessionthanatanytimeinitshistory,andavarietyofnationalpollsonsocialsincethenhaveshownmixedresults.Wewillhavetowaitandseeexactlyhowthesehardtimeswillreshapeoursocialfabric.Buttheycertainlyit,andallthemoresothelongertheyextend.Bysaying“tofindsilverlinings”(Line1,Para.2)theauthorsuggestthatthejoblesstryto.[A]seeksubsidiesfromthe [B]explorereasonsfortheunermployment[C]makeprofitsfromthetroubledeconomy[D]lookonthebrightsideoftherecessionAccordingtoParagraph2,therecessionhasmade realizethenationaldream[B]struggleagainsteachother[C]challengetheirlifestyle[D]reconsidertheirlifestyleBenjaminFriedmanbelievethateconomicrecessionsmay [A]imposeaheavierburdenonimmigrantsbringoutmoreevilsofhumannature[C]Promotetheadvanceofrightsand [D]easesbetweenracesandclassesTheresearchofTillVonWachthersuggeststhatinrecessiongraduatesfromeliteuniversitiestendto lagbehindtheothersduetodecreasedopportunities[B]catchupquicklywithexperiencedemployees[C]seetheirlifechancesasdimmedastheothers’[D]recovermorequicklythantheothersTheauthorthinksthattheinfluenceofhardtimesonsocietyisPartReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyfindinginformationfromtheleftcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetailsgivenintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEERT1.(10points)“Universalhistory,thehistoryofwhatmanhas plishedinthisworld,isatbottomtheHistoryoftheGreatMenwhohaveworkedhere,”wrotetheVictoriansageThomasCarlyle.Well,notanymoreitisnot.Suddenly,Britainlookstohavefallenoutwithitsfavouritehistoricalform.Thiscouldbenomorethanapassinglirycraze,butitalsopointstoabroadertruthabouthowwenowapproachthepast:lessconcernedwithlearningfromforefathersandmoreinterestedinfeelingtheirpain.Today,wewantempathy,notinspiration.FromtheearliestdaysoftheRenaissance,thewritingofhistorymeantrecountingtheexemrylivesofgreatmen.In1337,PetrarchbeganworkonhisramblingwritingDeVirisIllustribus–OnFamousMen,highlightingthevirtus(orvirtue)ofclassicalheroes.Petrarchcelebratedtheirgreatnessinconqueringfortuneandrisingtothetop.ThiswasthebiographicaltraditionwhichNiccoloMachiavelliturnedonitshead.InThePrince,thechampionedcunning,ruthlessness,andboldness,ratherthanvirtue,mercyandjustice,astheskillsofsuccessfulleaders.Overtime,theattributesofgreatnessshifted.TheRomanticscommemoratedtheleadingpaintersandauthorsoftheirday,stressingtheuniquenessofthe's experienceratherthanpublicglory.Bycontrast,theVictorianauthorSamualSwroteSelf-Helpasacatalogueoftheworthylivesofengineers,industrialistsandexplores."Thevaluableexampleswhichtheyfurnishofthepowerofself-help,ifpatientpurpose,resoluteworkingandsteadfastintegrity,issuingintheformulationoftrulynobleandmanycharacter,exhibit,"wroteS."whatitisinthepowerofeach plishforhimself"HisbiographiesofJamesWalt,RichardArkwrightandJosiahWedgwoodwereheldupasbeaconstoguidetheworkingmanthroughhisdifficultlife.ThiswasallabitbourgeoisforThomasCarlyle,whofocusedhisbiographiesonthetrulyheroiclivesofMartinLuther,OliverCromwellandNapoleonBonaparte.Theseepochalfiguresrepresentedliveshardtoimitate,buttobeacknowledgedaspossessinghigherauthoritythanmeremortals.CommunistManifesto.Forthem,historydidnothing,itpossessednoimmensewealthnorwagedbattles:“Itisman,real,livingmanwhodoesallthat.”Andhistoryshouldbethestoryofthemassesandtheirrecordofstruggle.Assuch,itneededtoappreciatetheeconomicrealities,thesocialcontextsandpowerrelationsinwhicheachepochstood.For:“Menmaketheirownhistory,buttheydonotmakeitjustastheyplease;theydonotmakeitundercircumstanceschosenbythemselves,butundercircumstancesdirectlyfound,givenandtransmittedfromthepast.”Thiswasthetraditionwhichrevolutionizedourappreciationofthepast.InceofThomasCarlyle,BritainnurturedChristopherHill,EPThompsonandEricHobsbawm.Historyfrombelowstoodalongsidebiographiesofgreatmen.Wholenewreaofunderstanding—fromgendertoracetoculturalstudies—wereopenedupasscholarsunpickedthemultiplicityoflostsocieties.Andittransformedpublichistorytoo:downstairsbecamejustasfascinatingasupstairs.SectionIII46.TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishinto.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Whenpeopleindevelocountriesworryaboutmigration,theyareusuallyconcernedattheprospectoftherbestandbrightestdeparturetoSiliconValleyortohospitalsanduniversitiesinthedevelopedworld,ThesearethekindofworkersthatcountrieslikeBritian,CanadaandAustraliatrytoattractbyusingimmigrationrulesthatprivilegecollegegraduates.Lotsofstudieshavefoundthatwell-educatedpeoplefromdevelocountriesareparticularlylikelytoemigrate.Abigsurveyofnhouseholdsin2004foundthatnearly40%ofemigrantshadmorethanahigh-school paredwitharound3.3%ofallnsovertheageof25.This"braindrain"haslongbotheredmakersinpoorcountries,Theyfearthatithurtstheireconomies,deprivingthemofmuch-neededskilledworkerswhocouldhavetaughtattheiruniversities,workedintheirhospitalsandcomeupwithclevernewproductsfortheirfactoriestomake.PartASupposeyouhavefoundsomethingwrongwiththeelectronicdictionarythatyouboughtfromanonlinstoretheotherday,WriteantothecustomerservicecentermakeacomintdemandapromptYoushouldwriteabout100wordsonANSERESHEETDonotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletterUsezhangweiinstead48、writeanessaybasedonthefollowingtableInyourwritingyoushoulddescribethetablegiveyourYoushouldwriteatleast150英语二答案：1.B2.B3.A4.A6.B7.C8.A9.D11.D12.B13.C14.D16.A17.C18.B19.B20.D21.A22.C23.A24.B26.A27.B28.A29.C30.C31.C32.B33.A34.D36.D37.D38.B39.D翻译、写作见后面详解详【答案】B从空后的句子“他们解放的人们”可以看出，空前的句子表示的应该是参加了第二次大战的和女人。只有serve有“服兵役”的意思，所以选B。【答案】B空内信息应该是与hero“”意思相对，后面的分句说他背井离乡，经历了很多苦难，显然这里应该是说由普通人平凡人(commonman)成长为，所以选B。这些就是维持生存最起码的条件。Facilities是设备设施，commodities商品，properties财产，均不符合题意。【答案】Cnot…but，“不是，而是”表转折，不是自愿兵，也没有高的，而是一个普通人。所以选C。【答案】D这道题主要考查介词的搭配。根据up (thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutal).enemies可以知道是起来反抗敌人，所以选D选项【答案】CGI。在军事上是ernmentIssue的缩略语，所以，GL。这个符号就是象征着这个全称ernmentIssue。选C。out“分发，”符合题意。Turnover“移交”，bringback“带回”，passdown“传【答案】C空所在句子的语境为：Joe是个普通名词，一个从未爬到社会顶层的人的名字。Manage表示再怎么经过努力，最终也未获得成功，所以选C。意只能选never，B。【答案】D本题词汇辨析。空所在的语境为：GI.Joe有__的军旅生涯，【答案】B本题词汇辨析。空所在语境为：他身上体现着人的某些很多人的典型特色，因而选B。【答案】C本题词汇辨析。空所在语境为：Pyle__的士兵也本色出演了定答案C。【答案】D本题词汇辨析。空所在语境为：Pyle擅长报导的__面，报导这些浑身是尘土，积雪以及泥浆的士兵。Pyle报导重在士兵而非上，因而可确定他关注的应的是人性。所以选D。【答案】D本题词汇辨析。本题承接上题，表达：Pyle并不关注士兵的。紧接的一句话揭示了本题的答案，两者都(Bothmen)。由此可确定两人i表示“，重复”，“contradicted”表示“反驳，与...”【答案】C本题逻辑搭配。空所在语境为：两者都_的丑恶，以及所带来的损耗。”由上题可知道，Pyle更加注重中的士兵，因而他不可能是忽略(neglected)，避免(avoided)或是钦佩(admired)所带来的这一些的东西，因而本题选C。【答案】B本题由冒号后多表达的咖啡，香烟，威士忌，住的地方，还睡觉dirt,exhaustionofwar形成鲜明的对比。故选B【答案】B本题介词的用法。空所在语境为：__，法国，以及其他国家，G.I.Joe可以是任何士兵。结合文章表达，应是对于这些人而言。因而，确定答案B。【答案】D本题逻辑搭配。空所在语境为：G.I.Joe是他们生命中最重要onthecontrary“正相反”[B]bythismeans“用这D为最佳答案。SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartAText【答案】A文章首段首句“家庭作业一直不受学生，还有许多家长的欢单提出各学区对于家庭作业的作为，引出L.A.Unified针对家庭作业所指定nowadaysinrecentyears“ithasbeenparticularlyscorned。”的同义改写，故答案选【答案】C文章第二段首句明确说到“这项政策的制定是为了解决贫困家庭的学生在完成家庭作业中可能遇到的。”这与题干所问“制定该政策的主要原因”以及“贫困学生”就对应起来了，故答案选C。【答案】A文章第三段第二句，“如果家庭作业仅占分值的10%，学生很容10%”L.A.Unified制定出的家庭作业政策的内容，因此，从这句话可作业，这个意思对应选项为A。24，25Text第26题：Bysaying"itis...Therainbow"(line3,Para1)，theauthormeans。句意细节题。该题围绕一个句子展开。该句为“butitisatinysliceofthe26题定位点出现在第一段中间，因其前后句都与其有句意联系，故皆为解题shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofAshouldnotbeassociatedwithgirlsinnocenceB选项解读：不应该与少女的无知相联系cannotexingirls'lackofCcannotinfluencegirls'livesandB、C选项有的倾向，不选、排除。D选项不在解题区域之内。故第26题结合文章，只能选择A选项。27AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofColorsareencodedingirls'A选项解读：色彩被编码进入少女们的之中。可理解为，少女天生喜爱颜BlueusedtoberegardedasthecolorforBPinkusedtobeaneutralcolorinsymbolizingC选项解读：粉红色过去常常白当做是一种表示的颜色中的中性色彩WhiteispreferredbyDB选项在文中，有“Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolisedfemininity。”呼应。故可选。C故第27题选择：B。28Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopmentwasmuchinfluencedby 事实细节题。作者对于我们对于孩子的心理发展的感知主要是受 的影响由定位点“perception”和“psychologicaldevelopment”以及解题词汇“influenced”，定位于第三段第一句，“Ihadnotrealisedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokidsincludingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.”故句后部分为该题解题重要区域。themarketingofproductsforchildrenA选项解读：儿童产品的。theobservationofchildren'sBresearchesintochildren'sbehaviorC选项解读：对于孩子行为的研究。studiesofchildhoodD势)，故A选项中的所的儿童用品，形似但意不同，排除。文章中虽然提及“nature”和“behavior”，但是都没有以上选项的完整意思，所以结合文章后面所提及的“ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism”以及“amarketinggimmick”等内容，第28题，选择D选项，对于孩童时代消费的研究，29WemaylearnfromParagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvised 段落推理题。题中提问，我们从第四段得出，百货商场被建 。直29题定位于第四段落，有“departmentstores”故解题区域也大致确定。focusesoninfantwearandolderkids'attachequalimportancetodifferentgendersB选项，对于不同的赋予同样的重视。classifyconsumersintosmallerCcreatesomecommonshoppers'D选项，创造的普通购物者的专有词汇A选项词句有原文支持“createa"thirdstepstone"betweeninfantwearandolderkids'clothes”。但是，对于内容的理解不全面。是一个强干扰项。在后句有“Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits。”29题，故选择C选项，为正确答案。30Itcanbeconcludedthatgirl'sattractiontopinkseemsto 为概括题型。要求概括是什么原因使得们为粉色所吸引。定位点为“girl‘sattraction”和“pink”。此种题型定位较难，因为该种题型多是有多个出clearlyexinedbytheirinbornAfullyunderstoodbyclothingmanufacturersB选项解读：被服装厂商全部理解(掌握)mainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenCwellinterpretedbypsychologicalexpertsouryounggirls’lives”；第二段，“Girls'attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNAbutaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,it'snot.”BC选项是该题的难点，即到底是为服装商全部了解的结果，还所以30题答案C。Text3本自TheEconomist(《》)2011年8月四日出的题为Myriad'sgene-patentbattleGene-uinelyunclear的文章。文章围绕“专利的法律纠纷”这第一段是文章的主旨段，简单扼要道出专利法律纠纷的由来。2010年的由一位过去“可以获得专利”案例，作出“不能获得专利”鼓励；像Myriad公司这样的会限制实验…者众多。利，是否会影响它所在的组专利的授予？可能要等来决定了。第五段写随着BIO组织的发展，其重心可能会转移，BIO不打算大量申请DNA分子专利，在这一领域，他们已经申请了绝大部分专利。BIO正在研究如何相互作用，这一研究或能用来确定疾病原因或预测药物疗效的相关性。BIO的。解释，这样的专利才是他们真正渴望获得的。MayoClinic案例裁定，meetingmeeting的前一句，说的是D，这个题比较简单，作者客观叙述，没有个人观Text2012年的text4与这套试卷中的其他文章一样来自于国外的主流。这篇文章是来自于《》http://w 失业率居高不下。该文章作者DonPeck以为题撰写文章，以通过自己的文章对于公众有所帮助。所以通读这篇以《HowaNewJoblessEraWillTransformAmerica？》为题目的文章，我们并没有看到如普通民众的那种气第36题：BysayingtofindsilverliningsLine1,Para.2)theauthorsuggestthatthejoblesstryto 因为出题人之所以设计考点在此，便是通过对于第二段首句的来进行大纲所一切与原文形同而意义不同的选项都是纸seeksubsidiesfromthe A选项解读：从寻求金。explorereasonsfortheB“ManysaidthatmakeprofitsfromthetroubledeconomyC选项解读：从困窘的经济中得利。该选项看起来有原文呼应：“whileextremelypainful,hadimprovedthemsomeways;theyhad elessmaterialisticandmorefinanciallyprudent;theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothers。”但是，研读之下，发现，并没有选项故，综合分析只有“[Dlookonthebrightsideoftherecession”，解读为：看到37AccordingtoParagraph2,therecessionhasmadepeople 该题为：段落细节题。注意关键点“madepeople”。realizethenationalA选项解读：实现了民族的梦想(梦)。在文中，有相关的体现在于：awokenusfromournationalfeverdreamofeasyrichesandbiggerhouses，这与选项内容不struggleagainsteachotherB选项解读：彼此。这在原文中有：theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothers说有了一种意识，而不是真的“eachother”的与任何人都去“struggleagainst”，故challengetheirC选项解读：了他们的生活方式不是人们自主的。所以，排除此选项。reconsidertheir文章中“hadimprovedtheminsomeways”；“theyhad elessmaterialisticandmorefinanciallyprudent;theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothers。”；“Attheveryleast,ithasawokenusfromournationalfeverdreamofeasyrichesandbiggerhouses,andputanecessaryendtoaneraofreckless alspending”都是一种基于改变的思考，故选D选项。38 BenjaminFriedmanarguesthatbothinsideandoutsidetheU.S.,lengthyperiodsofeconomicstagnationordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spiritedandlessinclusive,andhaveusuallystoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrightsanddoms.Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases,asdoesbetweenracesandclasses。imposeaheavierburdenonimmigrantsA选项解读：加重外来的负担。原文中表述如下：Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases即反的情绪bringoutmoreevilsofhumanB选项解读：使显示出的人性的通过对“engthyperiodsofeconomicstagnationordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spiritedandlessinclusive,andhaveusuallystoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrightsanddoms.Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases,asdoesbetweenracesandclasses。”的综合，可以确定，此选项为正确选项。“[C]Promotetheadvanceofrightsanddoms，C选项，推动权力和自由的进步”以及“[D]easesbetweenracesandclasses，D选项，缓和各个种族与各个阶级之间的冲突明显与原文“stoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrightsanddoms。”以及“doesbetweenracesandclasses”不符合，所以排除。故，答案为B选项。第39题TheresearchofTillVonWachthersuggeststhatinrecessiongraduatesfromeliteuniversitiestendto。可以翻译为对于TVW的研究建议在中的名牌大学的毕业生倾向于39题，“TVW”定位在第四段第二句，“