考研英语写作第一波黑五类主题词

第页码页码页/总NUMPAGES总页数总页数页黑五类主题词第一主题：人类健康与生理健康相关：physicalhealth生理健康dophysicalexercises进行体育锻炼junkfood垃圾食品well-balanceddiet均衡饮食infectiousdiseases传染病immunityn.免疫力unhealthyadj.不健康的；有害身心健康的contagionn.传染病；触染与心理健康相关：mentalfitness心理健康keepoptimistic保持乐观mentalstate精神状态loseoneself迷失自我getridof摆脱，除去castoff摆脱；抛弃optimistic adj.乐观的pessimisticadj.悲观的commitsuicide自杀anxietyn.焦虑

despise[dɪ'spaɪz]vt.鄙视self-abasemnt n.自卑self-confidence n.自信self-estem[selfis'ti:m]n.自大selfishnessselfɪʃnɪs]n.自私自利altruism['æltrʊɪz(ə)m]n.利他主义envious adj.嫉妒的admire[əd'maɪə]vt.钦佩esteem[ɪ'stiːm;e-]n./vt.尊敬respect[rɪ'spekt]n.vt.尊敬impatient[ɪm'peɪʃ(ə)nt]adj.不耐心的grieved[gri:vd]v.悲伤adj.伤心的despondent adj.沮丧的gloomy['gluːmɪ]adj.沮丧的psychosis n.精神错乱psychology n.心理学mentality n.心态；智力mindsetn.心态；倾向pressure['preʃə]n.压力；压迫vt.迫使autognosis[ɔ:'tɔɡ,nəusis]n.自我认知self-doubt[self'daut]n.自我怀疑positive['pɒzɪtɪv]adj.积极的vigorous['vɪg(ə)rəs]adj.精力充沛的energetic adj.精力充沛的；积极的tensionn.紧张，不安；电压vt.使紧张第二主题：青年成长1.Theold/aged/elders,seniorcitizen2.theyoungster/youngpeopleindependence[ɪndɪ'pend(ə)ns]n.独立independentn.独立自主者adj.独立的dotage['dəʊtɪdʒ]n.溺爱dote[dəʊt]v.溺爱spoilspɒɪlvt.溺爱vi.掠夺；变坏persistencepə'sɪst(ə)nsn.坚持不懈persistin坚持；固执于adhereto坚持achievement[ə'tʃiːvm(ə)nt]n.成就12.accomplishment n.完成attainment[ə'teɪnm(ə)nt]n.成就triumphtraɪʌmfn.胜利vi.获得胜利conquer['kɒŋkə]vt.征服overcome[əʊvə'kʌm]v.克服surmount[sə'maʊnt]vt.克服acquire[ə'kwaɪə]vt.获得

crisis['kraɪsɪs]n.危机adj.危机的difficulty['dɪfɪk(ə)ltɪ]n.困境challenge n.挑战vt.向挑战confront[kən'frʌnt]vt.面对；遭遇encounter[ɪn'kaʊntə;en-]vi.偶遇faceto面对danger['deɪn(d)ʒə]n.危险menacemenəsn./v.威胁；恐吓hazard n.冒险vt.冒….的危险failurefeɪljən.失败courage['kʌrɪdʒ]n.勇气bravery['breɪv(ə)rɪ]n.勇敢creativespirit创新精神creativity[,kriːeɪ'tɪvɪtɪ]n.创造性confidence['kɒnfɪd(ə)ns]n.信任；秘密strivingspirit奋斗精神determinedspirit拼搏精神teamwork['tiːmwɜːk]n.团队合作consociation[kən,səusi'eiʃən]n.联合cooperation[kəʊ,ɒpə'reɪʃ(ə)n]n.合作teamspirit 团队精神pursue[pə'sjuː]vi.追赶vt.从事yearnfor渴望thirstyfor渴望Satisfy vi.令人满意vt.满足indulgevi.沉溺vt.使沉迷于stimulatevt.刺激；鼓舞inspire[ɪn'spaɪə]vt.激发；使生灵感motivateməʊtɪveɪtvt.刺激；激发incentiven.动机；刺激adj.激励的；motivation n.动机；积极性；推动tolerate['tɒləreɪt]vt.忍受；默许；宽恕opportunity[ɒpə'tjuːnɪtɪ]n.chancetʃɑːnsn.机会vi.偶然被发现choice[tʃɒɪs]n.选择adj.精选的choose[tʃuːz]v.选择diligent['dɪlɪdʒ(ə)nt]adj.勤勉的第三主题：环保问题contaminate[kən'tæmɪneɪt]vt.污染contamination n.污染pollutepə'luːtvt.污染pollution[pə'luːʃ(ə)n]n.污染environment n.环境，外界

environmental adj.环境的，周围的ecologicalenvironment生态环境dwellingenvironment居住环境naturalenvironment自然环境naturalresources自然资源environmentalprotection环境保护environmentalconservation环境保护damage['dæmɪdʒ]n.损害v.损害ruin['ruːɪn]n.毁坏v.毁灭ecologicalbalance生态平衡prevent[prɪ'vent]vt.预防vi.阻止sustainabledevelopmentstrategy可持续发展战略savetheenergy节约能源advocate n.支持者vt.主张，拥护reducetheemissionofgreenhousegases减少温室气体排放（减排）greenhouseeffect温室效应cleanrenewableenergy清洁可再生能源lowcarboneconomy低碳经济disasterdɪ'zɑːstən.灾难catastrophe[kə'tæstrəfɪ]n.大灾难deforestation n.采伐森林27.desertification[dɪˌzɜ:tɪfɪˈkeɪʃn]n.(土壤)荒漠化；desertization)automobileexhaust[环境]汽车废气industrialwastegas工业废气waterandsoilerosion水土流失sandstorm['sæn(d)stɔːm]n.[气象]沙暴snowstormsnəʊstɔːmn.暴风雪typhoon[taɪ'fuːn]n.[气象]台风climaticanomaly[气候]气候异常flood[flʌd]n.洪水vt.淹没第四主题：社会责任obligation[ɒblɪ'geɪʃ(ə)n]n.义务duty['djuːtɪ]n.责任responsibility[rɪ,spɒnsɪ'bɪlɪtɪ]n.责任senseofresponsibility责任感assumeə'sjuːmvi.装腔作势vt.承担shoulder['ʃəʊldə]n.肩vt.承担undertake[ʌndə'teɪk]vt.承担escapeɪ'skeɪpen.逃跑vt.逃避avoid[ə'vɒɪd]vt.避免shirkʃɜːkvt.逃避vi.推卸

morality[məˈrælətɪ]n.道德virtuevɜːtjuːtʃuːn.美德ethical[θɪkə)l]adj.道德的professionalethics职业道德socialmorality社会道德socialconscience社会道德conscience['kɒnʃ(ə)ns]n.良心commitment n.承诺，保证promise['prɒmɪs]n./vt.允诺dedication[dedɪ'keɪʃ(ə)nn.奉献devotion[dɪ'vəʊʃ(ə)n]n.献身，奉献devote[dɪ'vəʊt]vt.致力于dedicate['dedɪkeɪt]vt.致力dishonestbehavior不诚实的行为fakecommodities假冒商品abuse[ə'bjuːz]n./vt.滥用maltreatmæl'triːtvt.虐待；滥用lookafter照顾；关心takecareof照顾；抚养financiallysupport赡养carekeən./vi.关心vt.在意showsolicitudefor体恤understandandsympathizewith体恤tendency['tend(ə)nsɪ]n.趋势reversen.相反adj.颠倒的vt.颠倒conformadj.一致的vi.符合vt.使遵守第五主题：文化现象culturalexchange文化交流culturalintegration/blending文化融合multiculture,mosaiccultre,pluralisticculture多元文化cross-cultual 跨文化的preserveandcherish保存珍惜treasuretreʒə]n.财富vt.珍爱embosom[ɪm'bʊz(ə)m;emvt.围绕absorbitsessence取其精华absorb[əb'zɔːb;-'sɔːb]vt.吸收assimilate[ə'sɪmɪleɪt]v.同化culturaldifferences文化差异quintessence[kwɪn'tes(ə)ns]n.精华blend[blend]n./v.混合15.diversity n.多样性；差异multiformity[,mʌlti'fɔ:miti]n.多样性tradition[trə'dɪʃ(ə)n]n.传统

traditional[trə'dɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l]adj.传统的orthodox adj.正统的；传统的civilization[ˌsɪvɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən]n.文明mainstream['meɪnstriːm]n.主流diploma[dɪ'pləʊmə]n.学位证书graduationcertificate毕业证书degree[dɪ'griː]n.程度，等级education[edjʊ'keɪʃ(ə)n]n.教育campus['kæmpəs]n.（大学）校园university[juːnɪ