艺术与生活的关系 欧姬芙的艺术

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑——艺术与生活的关系欧姬芙的艺术GeorgiaO"KeeffeisarepresentativepainterintheAmericanpaintinghistory.Atthesametime,sheisalsoashiningsuperstarinthearthistoryoftheworld.Shehasastrongcharacteristicstyleofherownlikethosegreatfemaleartists,suchastheMexicanpainterFridaKahloandtheGermanpainterKatieKollwitz,etc.GeorgiaO"Keeffe’slifeisthecombinationofartcreationsandself-accomplishment.Herlifeisalegenditself.Sheisworshipednotonlybythepeopleintheartworldandthepublishingcircle,butalsobywritersandfeminists.

Flower;Sexsymbol;light;VassilyKandinsky;Purebeauty

Therearesomanygreatmastersintheriverofthehumanarthistory,though,amongwhom,femaleareextremelyrare.Sothesefemaleartmastersareextraordinarilyprecious.O"Keeffeisoneofthem.

“WhenGeorgiaO"Keeffesmiled,theentireearthcrackedopen.”ThesearethewordsthephotographerAnselAdamsusedtodescribethesmileofGeorgiaO"Keeffe.GeorgiaO"Keeffeisalegend.Theuniqueartstyleandherownwayoflifetogetherformhermysteriousartfascination.GeorgiaO"KeeffeisworthyofbeingthepioneeroftheAmericancontemporarypaintersforherattractiveworks.

Flower

ToseeaWorldinaGrainofSand/AndaHeaveninaWildFlower,/HoldInfinityinthepalmofyourhand/AndEternityinanhour.

――WilliamBlake(Britishpoet,1757-1827)

MaybeGeorgiaO"Keeffedidn’tdoitdeliberately,butherriddlingpaintingwasjusttheperfectinterpretationforthepoem.Theflower,bone,desert,desolatemountain,adobe,alloftheseilluminatethelife,death,andtheuncertaindestiny.FlowerisoneofO"Keeffe’smostimportantpaintingthemes.Shealsosaidonce,“ifyouholdaflowerinyourhands,staringatitcarefully,youmayfind:inasplitsecond,alltheworldbelongstoyou.”O"Keeffe’sdescriptionfortheflowerisunprecedentedandunrepeatable.Usingflowerasthecreationsubjectmatterhassomerelationwithherlifeexperience,whichcanbesummarizedintothreemainaspects:first,O"KeeffeusedtoliveinSunPrairie,Wisconsin,locatedintheMiddleWest.Thelifeexperienceofthisperiodwouldmaketheforeshadowingforthecreationsofherlaterartstyle.ThesecondfactoristheinfluenceofherteacherWilliamMerrittChaseduringO"Keeffe’sstudyintheArtStudentsLeagueinNewYork.ChaselovesOrient,includingallthesubtlestdetails.Hecaneventellthephilosophycontainedintheblossomoftheflower.HetoldO"Keeffethatfloweristhehardestpaintingsubjectintheworld.Chase’sinfluenceonGeorgiaO"KeeffecanbeindicatedfromtheobviouscommongroundinhisandO"Keeffe’sworks.Thirdly,wecannotbutmentionherhusband,photographerAlfredStieglitz,whoisthemostimportantpersoninO"Keeffe’slife.Inherlatertime,O"Keeffeadmittedthatphotographictechniqueswereemployedinhercreations.Apparently,thesephotographictechniqueswerefromherhusbandAlfredStieglitz.Itseemsthatphotographictechniquesareonlytheapproachofart,butwhatmadethefemalepaintermakeherchoicewasthespecialfeelingupontheflower,whichisunique,sensitiveandpure.

FlowersandbonesareallthesubjectswhichGeorgiaO"Keeffedescribesrepeatedly,butflowersreceivemorespecialattention.Thepeculiarshapeofflower-de-lucegivesrisetothepeople"sassociationwiththefemalegenitalorgans.Sinceatthattime,AmericanpublicwereinfluencedbytheSigmundFreudtheorydeeply,somepeopleonlysawthesexillusionelementinherpaintingsandtheyinterpretedtheflowerasthesymbolofsex.Fortheartist,selectingwhatsubjectmattersisbeyondreproaching,evenifthefloweritselfisthereproductiveorgansofplants.Fortunately,eachcoinhastwosides.SomeothercriticsgraspedO"Keeffe’soriginalidea,thinkingthatwasmerelycolorsandshapes.ThesepatternscanbeconfirmedinKandinsky"sbookConcerningtheSpiritualinArt.ButO"Keeffeherselfinterpreteditinthisway:peoplelookingatthepaintingshaveallkindsofassociations,infact,thesearewhatyouhaveseen;however,Idonotthinkinyourway.Ipaintskyscrapersaswell.WhilemanyofyouaretryingtospeculatewhyIenlargetheflower,buthowcomenooneasksme:whyIshrinktheskyscrapersonacanvas?

Perhapsweshouldnotdistinguishthemaleorthefemaleartistsonthestageofthearthistory,butthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemaleinphysiologyandsocialdivisionoflabornotonlycausethedifferentfocusesonwhichtheartistsplace,moreovertheartistswillalsoreceivedifferentattentionsasthedisparatesex.Itisatthetimeofwoman’srightsintheU.S.whenfemale’sself-awarenessstartedtoawake.ThereforeO"Keeffe’sspecialpersonalfascinationmakesherhasthesignificanceofthetimeanditisnaturalforhertobeworshipedbywomen.Regardlessofthesexuallysuggestiveworksorthemarkedstatusofthefeministpioneer,perhapsonlytheadvancementisthisartists’onlynature.FlowersnotonlybringhonortoO"Keeffe,butalsodrawcriticismonher.

Light

“AndGodsaid,Lettherebelightandtherewaslight.”WhenGeorgiaO"Keefferecalledherchildhood,shecanhardlyrememberthedetailsofherchildhood,butshevaguelyrememberedabrightlight,watchingthesunrisingfromthehorizonandthecolorfullightsparkinghighoverthePrairies,herlittleheartwasshocked.Thesunhasalwaysbeenherfavorite,sosheneverwearsahatorgloves.Allherlife,sherefusedtoswearsunglassesandanyotheritemsthatblockthesunlightintoherlife.Sheoftenworelooserobes,walkinginthedesertoftheNewMexicoaloneandallowingthesuntoshineinherfaceandbody.Herskinwasbakedintoreddishbrownbythesun,liketheindigenousIndianpeople.Shefelttheslightfootstepsofthetimeweregoingthroughthevisionalandthevisiblelight.Forherspecialaffectionforthelight,shedescribedthelightinmanyworks,suchastheRedHillandtheSunin1927andLightAppearsonthePlainin1917,etc.Toproveshecouldalsousesomesubjectmattersthatusuallymenused,O"KeeffedrewapaintingMyShanty.Shesaidwithasmile,“infact,thisisadimandgloomypainting.”Herpaintingsarefulloflights,maybetheselightsarethelightoflife.

LikePoemandRiddle

Peopleliveinthelandpoetically――intheSoftBlue(H-lderlin，Friedrich，1770～1843)

Shelivedahermit-likeandisolatedlife.Shewasilluminatedbythenature.Thestyleofherworksisalsolikeapoem.EverythingofO"Keeffe’sseemstocoincidewiththeorientalaestheticstandard.WalkingintheNewMexicodesert,pickingupthewhitebones,O"KeeffewasjustlikewhatTaoYuanming,thepoetintheJindynasty,described:pickingthechrysanthemumundertheeasternfence,seethesouthhillleisurely.Theonlydifferenceisoneispickingupchrysanthemumsandtheotherwhitebones.Thesamesimplestyleyethasthedifferentsentiments.Thiscaneasilybeexplained.Atthattime,theGermanwriterHermannHesse’sandThomasMann’sworkswhichhavetheideaoforientalBuddhistswerepopularallovertheworld.Undoubtedly,O"Keeffewasboundtobeinfluencedbythem.NotonlyherteacherWilliamMerrittChasebutalsoArthurWesleyDow,whohadabiginfluenceonherlaterstyle,haveadeepunderstandingwiththeorientalculture.

ArthurWesleyDowwhohasbeenpursuingsimplenessandharmony,emphasizestouseeyestotouchratherthantousethebraintothink.Hesays,“agreatartworkmustmakepeopleproduceanicefeeling.”Undoubtedly,theabstractfactorinmusiccangivepeopletheveryfeeling.DuringthefouryearsinAmarillo,Texas,GeorgiaO"Keeffegaveupthedrawingwaysthatshelearnedbefore.Shecamebacktotheorigin,facingthebeautifulevenisolatedplainandbeginningtoresearchagain.MusicbroughtherthenewcreativeinspirationandshepaintedtheBlueandGreenMusi