鹿特丹港课件

PortofRotterdam鹿特丹港口物流管理2班第四组主讲人：王杰逊小组成员及分工简介及ppt融合：王昊历史沿革部分：吴峰经济发展部分：王聪交通运输部分：孟杰一带一路部分：臧栋主讲人：王杰逊PART1summary港口简介summary简介

Rotterdam(N51°55',E4°29')isthesecondlargestcityinHolland,theEurasianContinentalBridgebridgeheadoftheWest(eastbridgeheadisChinaLianyungangCity),islocatedinthetheRhineandMarsRiverconfluence.

鹿特丹（北纬51°55',东经4°29'）是荷兰第二大城市，亚欧大陆桥的西桥头堡（东桥头堡是中国连云港市），位于欧洲莱茵河与马斯河汇合处。summary简介PortofRotterdamOpened14thcenturySizeofharbor5,257ha(12,990acres)Landarea 5,299ha(13,090acres)Size10,556ha(26,080acres)Employees180,000(2016)TOP10EuropeanParts2015PART2HistoryoftheportThefirstharbourswereconstructedbetween1600and1620Rotterdamgraduallydevelopedintoaprosperousmerchantport.Theareabegantofillupwithwarehouses,breweries,sugarrefineries,gindistilleries,shipyardsandropeyards.Industryalsoflourished.The17thand18thcenturieswere‘golden’centuries.DuringtheFrenchoccupationfrom1795to1813,tradedeclinedandindustrydisappeared.Overtheyears,moreover,theentrancetotheportsiltedup.In1858PieterCalandputforwardhisplantocutthroughtheridgeofdunesattheHookofHollandsoastogivetheriverRhineanartificialestuary.On9March1872RichardYoungsailedthefirstshipalongtheNewWaterway.Historyoftheport第一批港区建于1600年到1620年之间。鹿特丹逐步发展成为一个繁荣的商业港口。仓库、啤酒厂、糖厂、杜松子酒厂、船厂和绳厂纷纷进驻该地区，工业也随之逐步发展。17、18世纪迎来鹿特丹的黄金时期。1795年至1813年期间，法国占领鹿特丹，贸易量下降，工业销声匿迹。更糟糕的是，经过多年港口的入口处已经淤塞。1858年，皮特•卡兰（PieterCaland）提出了在荷兰角港（HookofHolland）的淤泥清理计划，以此为莱茵河建造人工河口。1872年3月9日，理查德•杨（RichardYoung）沿新水道开始首航。HistoryoftheportAtthebeginningofthelastcenturytheportsubstantiallyexpandedAwholeseriesofharbourswasconstructedbythemunicipalauthority.OneofthebiggestachievementswasthediggingofWaalhaven(1922).Withawatersurfaceareaof219hectares,itwasthen–andisstilltoday–thebiggestmanmadedockintheworld.上世纪初港口显著扩张。上世纪初，市政当局修建了一系列港区，其中最大的项目是Waalhaven港区挖掘工程（1922）。其水域面积达219公顷，是当时也是当今世界最大的人造码头。Historyoftheport鹿特丹市政港口管理局（2004年更名为鹿特丹港务局）设立于1932年。鹿特丹市政港口管理局的设立使得港口的发展更加系统化。1938年，鹿特丹港实现了第一个里程碑：超越伦敦成为欧洲第一大港。1962年，鹿特丹的货运量达到9600万吨，首次超过纽约，这个来自荷兰的海港自此成为世界第一大港。2004年，上海港在规模上超越鹿特丹港，而且更多的亚洲港口紧随其后。但是，鹿特丹港始终保持着欧洲第一大港的地位。HistoryoftheportContainerisationTheportscapewasgraduallyundergoingtransformationwhenthecontainerenteredthesceneinthemid-sixties.ThefirstcontainershiparrivedinRotterdamon5May1966:them.s.Fairlandwith226containersonitsdeck.ThecontainerrevolutionledtothestartofofECT,theEuropeContainerTerminal,withitsHomeTerminalinEemhavenarea.Containertrafficdevelopedrapidly.By1968theportofRotterdamwashandlingaround65,000containers(TEU),in1969121,000andin1971around250,000.The1millionmilestonewasachievedin1978andin19862millioncontainerspassedthroughtheportofRotterdam.Bytheyear2007thisfigurehadreached10millionTEU.MostofthesearehandledontheMaasvlakte(ECTDelta,APMTandEuroMaxterminals).In2014ittotalled12millionTEU.PART3EconomicDevelopmentOfRotterdamport经济发展目录PART-1PART-2PART-3延期缴税海关保税海关检查PART-4物流服务延期缴税GoodsimportedintoEuropearesubjecttoVAT.InmostEUcountriesVAThastobepaidimmediatelyuponimport.Generallyspeaking,acompanyimportingproductsfromoutsidetheEUisrequiredtopayimportdutiesandVAToncethegoodsentertheEuropeanUnion.ItcanapplyforarefundofthisVATatalaterstage,aratherinefficientprocess.Thatiswhy,intheNetherlands,paymentofVATmaybedeferredtoaperiodicVATreturnthroughfiscalrepresentation.ManyEuropeancustomsbrokersandforwardersofferfiscalrepresentationforVATasaservicetotheircustomers.TheycanobtainpermissiontodeferImportVAT,usuallydueuponimport,totheperiodicreturntheymustfilefortheirclients.Inconcreteterms,theforeigntraderisnotrequiredtopayVATwhenexcisablegoodsarriveintheport.ThepaymentofVATatimportcanbepostponeduntiltheperiodicVATreturn,whentheamountofVATcanbedeductedstraightaway.Intheend,thereisnoactualpaymentofVAT.InotherEUcountries,suchasGermanyandFrance,companiesarerequiredtopayVATintheusualwayeverytimeashipmentarrives.Bytakingawaytheseunnecessarytransactionsuponimport,theNetherlandsprovidesanattractivecash-flowadvantage.(linkisexternal)延期缴税货物进口到欧洲需要缴纳增值税，所以很多欧盟国家会要求货物在入关时立刻缴税。一般来说，一旦货物进入欧盟境内，进口公司便需要缴纳进口税和增值税。公司可以在后期申请增值税退税，这是一个相当麻烦的过程。这也是为什么在荷兰，客户可以通过税务代理延期缴纳增值税。很多欧洲报关行和货代可以为他们的客户提供增值税的税务代理服务。他们能够获得延期缴纳进口增值税的批准，通常是在货物进口后，在一个特定的时间内为客户填报相关文件。在实际操作中，当货物抵港时，外贸商不需支付增值税，可以等到定期增值税退税时再缴纳，那么增值税部分就可以直接从中抵消。所以，实际上是不需要支付增值税的。在其他欧盟国家，像德国和法国，公司需要在货物抵港时就立刻缴税。通过免去这些不必要的进口手续，荷兰能为客户提供一个富有吸引力的现金流优势(linkisexternal)海关保税理论上来说，货物在进口到欧盟时需要缴纳关税。通过将货物存放在海关保税仓库，荷兰允许客户延期支付关税。仅当货物运出保税仓库时，公司才需要缴纳进口税，从而为客户创造宽松的现金流Theoretically,customsdutiesareduewhengoodsareimportedintotheEuropeanUnion(EU).ButtheNetherlandsallowsthepaymentofthesedutiestobepostponedthroughthestorageofgoodsinacustomsbondedwarehouse.Onlywhenthegoodsareshippedoutofthewarehousedoesthecompanypaytheimportduties,resultingagaininconsiderablecash-flowadvantages.海关检查海关根据风险分析决定是否需要对货物进行检查。如果需要检查的话，荷兰海关将全天候进行，其中主要是通过扫描完成检查。近年来，他们投入大笔资金，在码头安装高科技扫描设备和采用全世界最快速的列车扫描仪，避免了不必要的开箱检查，从而确保客户货物的安全，减少延误，以及避免给货主造成不必要的成本损失。Basedonriskanalyses,thecustomsdetermineswhetherinspectionsarerequired.TheDutchCustomsoperates24/7andifinspectionsarerequired,theseareprimarilyconductedthroughscans.Inrecentyears,largeinvestmentshavebeenmadeinhigh-techscanningequipmentattheterminalsandinthefastesttrainscannerintheworld.Thankstothesescans,containersdonotneedtobeopenedunnecessarily.Thisensuresthesafetyofyourcargo,reducesdelaysandpreventsunnecessarycostsforthecargoowners.PART4鹿特丹港的交通运输HinterlandConnections腹地连接

Anextensiveintermodalnetworkofrail,roadandinlandwaterwaysensuresthatyourcargowilleasilyandefficientlyfinditswayfromandtotherestofEurope.ThemainindustrialandeconomiccentresofWesternEuropecanbereachedfromRotterdamwithin24hours.Basedonvolume,desiredspeed,priceandsustainabilityobjective,youcanchoosetheoptimalmodeoftransport.Thereisasuitable,reliablesolutionforanytypeofcargo.Reliable,safe,efficientandsustainabletransportbybarge可靠，安全，高效和可持续的驳船运输Inlandshippingisareliable,safe,efficientandsustainablewayoftransportingcargobetweentheportofRotterdamanddestinationsinEurope.Viatransportperbarge,largevolumesofgoodscanbetransportedatlowcostsandwithlowCO2emissionsperton.Transportedbywater,yourcargosailspasttrafficcongestionandroadworksandcanevenreachGermanywithouthavingtopassthroughlocks.ShippinglinestotheNetherlands,Germany,Belgium,FranceandSwitzerland通往荷兰，德国，比利时，法国和瑞士的国际航线

TheportofRotterdamisideallylocatedatthemouthoftheRhineandtheMaasandprovideshigh-frequencyshippinglinestodestinationsinthewholeofEurope

FromtheterminalsinRotterdamanextensivefleetofinlandvesselstransportsyourcargoviatheMaasandtheRhinedirectlytothemajoreconomiccentresintheNetherlands,Germany,Belgium,France,SwitzerlandandAustria.SailingtimesvaryfromlessthanadayfordestinationsintheNetherlands,GermanyandBelgium,tofourdays,forexamplefromRotterdamtoBaselinSwitzerland.PART5OneBeltAndOneRoadendpoint一带一路TheNetherlandshastopromotetradeandinvestmentrelationsbetweenEuropeandAsia,hasalongtradition.RotterdamasEurope'smostextensiveportalandhub,canbein24hoursconnectedtoEurope'smajorindustrialcluster,andcovertheEuropeanconsumermarketof500million.ThemostadvancedtoRotterdamportandinfrastructureforalltypesoftradeintheworldthemostefficient,reliableandefficientport.OneBeltAndOneRoadendpoint荷兰有着促进欧亚间贸易与投资关系的悠久传统。鹿特丹港作为欧洲最四通八达的门户和枢纽，可在24小时内与欧洲各主要工业集群相连接，并覆盖欧洲5亿人口的消费者市场。最先进的码头和基础设施使鹿特丹港成为世界上对于所有贸易类型最快捷、可靠和高效的港口。一带一路的终点OnOctober26,PresidentxijinpingmetwithvisitingtheNetherlandswhenkingWilliamAlexander,saidthetwocountrieshaveimplementedcomprehensiveconnectivity,aroundthe"area"allthewaytocarryoutthecooperationhasauniqueadvantage.BothsidesshouldcontinuetomaintaincooperationadvantagesinthefieldofMarine,railandairtransport,strivetobecomebiggerandstrongerforthecentralandtheEurasianinterconnectivitydevelopmenttoprovidestrongsupport."Area"hasprovidedabroadinterconnectivityofopportunity,helpstheworldtoachieveunprecedentedcloselylinked.OneBeltAndOneRoadendpoint10月26日，国家主席习近平在会见来访的荷兰国王威廉－亚历山大时表示，中荷两国已经实现全方位互联互通，围绕“一带一路”开展合作具有独特优势。双方要继续保持海运领域的合作优势，着力做大做强铁路和航空运输，为中欧和亚欧大陆互联互通发展提供有力支撑。“一带一路”提供了广阔的互联互通的机会，有助于世界实现前所未有的紧密联系。一带一路的终点Earlierthisyear,accordingtotheplanning,theportofRotterdamistheendof"area",isthe"landofsilk"and"Hester"rendezvousplace,alsoisthenewasia-europecontinentalbridgeeconomiccorridorofEuropeanterminals.Inadditiontoserveasa"portal"intothecontinent,theportofRotterdaminEuropeorChinahubport,thegoodscanbemovedtotheBritishIsles,Scandinavia,theIberianpeninsulaandth