陶洁版美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案

美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案陶洁(部分)Unit1BenjaminFranklinQuestions1.WhydidFranklinwritehisAutobiography?Franklinsaysthatbecausehissonmaywishtoknowabouthislife,heistakinghisoneweekvacationintheEnglishcountrysidetorecordhispast.Healsosaysthathehasenjoyedhislifeandwouldliketorepeatit2.WhatmadeFranklindecidetoleavethebrothertowhomhehadbeenapprenticed?Hisbrotherwaspassionate,andhadoftenbeatenhim.Theaversiontoarbitrarypowerthathasstucktohimthroughhiswholelife.Afterabrushwiththelaw,Franklinlefthisbrother.3.HowdidhearriveinPhiladephia?FirsthesetoutinaboatforAmboy,theboatdroppedhimoffabout50milesfromBurlington,thenextdayhereachedBurlingtononfoot,inBurlingtonhefoundaboatwhichwasgoingtowardsPhiladelphia,hearrivedthereabouteightornineo'cclok,ontheSundaymorningandlandedattheMarketStreetwharf.4.Whatfeaturesdoyoufindinthestyleoftheaboveselection?ItisthepatternofPuritansimplicity,directness,andconcision (言简意赅).Thenarrativeislucid(易懂的),structureissimple,theimageryishomely(朴素的).Unit2EdgarAllenPoe1.Whoisthenarrator?Whatwrongdoeshewanttoredress?Montresor.Fortunato,oneofwineexpertsinsultedhim,sohewantedtomurderhim.2.WhatisthepretextheusestolureFortunatotohiswinecellar?HebaitsFortunatobytellinghimhehasobtainedwhathebelievestobeacaskofAmontilladoarareandvaluablesherrywine.FortunatoisanxioustodeterminewhetherornotitistrulyAmontillado,sohegoestothevaultwithMontresor.3.WhathappenstoFortunatointheend?Hewaswalledupalivebehindbricksinawinecellar.4.DescribebrieflyhowPoecharacterizesMontresorandFortunatoascontrasts?Poeusescolorimagerytocharacterizethem.Montresorfaceiscoveredinablacksilkmask,Incontrast,Fortunatodressesthemotley-coloredcostumeofthecourtfool,whogetsliterallyandtragicallyfooledbyMontresor'smaskedmotives.ThecolorschemeshererepresenttheironyofFortunato'sdeathsentence.Throughtheacts,words,andthoughtsofFortunato,weknowHeisgreedy,hewasluredintothedarkandsombervaultsjustbecauseacaskofAmontillado.Thisisalsoduetohisbadhabitof酗酒).Helostbibulosity(himselfonhearingthewine.Atthesametime,hewascheatedbyhisenemy,whichreflectedhisignorance.WhenheheardthepretendedcomplimentfromMontresor,hebecameveryboastfulandarrogant.Hewaseasilyconfusedbythesuperficialphenomenaandfailedtowatchoutforothers.Hecouldn'tttotlheerarstewthearestrongerthanhim.Forexample,MontresoralwayswhowasgoodatconnoisseurUndertheimpulseofvanity,stimulatedhimwith鉴赏)inwine.hefellintoMontresorLuchresi'tersribletrap.Infact,hewascarelessanddangerwasapproachinghim.foolishanddidntdthattheHelookeddownuponMontresorandothers.Hedidn'trealizehisfoolishnessuntilthedeathwascoming.Talkingfromtheappearance,Monstresorwasawell-educatedand“kind”businessman.Heenjoyedthehonorandrespectinthecity.Butinfact,hewasanevilandawfulperson.Hisinnerfeelingsweresocruelthattheyevenmadepeopletremble.Underhisrichappearancewasthedirtysoulanddespicablecharacter.Wecouldn'tseeanygloriousvirtuesinhismind.Instead,hisheartwascoldanddark.ItwastherevengethatthrewMontresorintothedeepevilvalley.”unit4NathanielHawthorne”1.WhyistheprisonthesettingofChapter1?Nomatterhowoptimisticthefoundersofnewcoloniesmaybe,theyarequicktoestablishaprisonandacemeteryintheirUtopia,”fortheyknowthatmisbehavior,evil,anddeathareunavoidable.ThisbelieffitsintothelargerPuritandoctrine,whichputsheavyemphasisontheideaoforiginalsin—thenotionthatallpeoplearebornsinnersbecauseoftheinitialtransgressionsofAdamandEveintheGardenofEden.heisthereforeusingtheprisonbuildingtorepresentthecrimeandthepunishmentwhichareaspectofcivilizedlifeWhatistheimplicationofthedescriptionoftheroses?Therosebushsymbolizestheabilityofnaturetoendureandoutlastman'sactivities.ThenarratorsuggeststhatrosesofferareminderofNature'skindnesstothecondemned;forhistale,hesays,itwillprovideunrelentingsorrowandgloom.eitherasweetmoralblossomorelsesomereliefinthefaceof2.DescribetheappearanceofHesterPrynneandtheattitudeofthepeopletowardsher.Thesecondparagraphonpage30.Thecrowdinfrontofthejailisamixtureofmenandwomen,allmaintainingseverelooksofdisapproval.SeveralofthewomenbegintodiscussHesterPrynne,andtheysoonvowthatHesterwouldnothavereceivedsuchalightsentenceforhercrimeiftheyhadbeenthejudges.Onewoman,theugliestofthegroup,goessofarastoadvocatedeathforHester.3.WhathashappenedtoHester?Asayoungwoman,Hestermarriedanelderlyscholar,Chillingworth,whosentheraheadtoAmericatolive.Whilewaitingforhim,shehadanaffairwithaPuritanministernamedDimmesdale,afterwhichshegavebirthtoPearl.Thescarletletterisherpunishmentforhersinandhersecrecy.WhydoesshemaketheembroideryoftheletterAsoelaborate?Itseemstodeclarethatsheisproud,ratherthanashamed,ofhersin.ssymbolaspartofherself,justassheacceptsherchild.Andalthoughshecanhardlybelieveherpresenttakesthemastheyrealities,areratherthanresistingthemortryingtoatoneforthem.Howdoesthistellusabouthercharacter?ThroughoutTheScarletLetterHesterisportrayedasanintelligent,capable.Itistheextraordinarycircumstancesshapingherthatmakehersuchanimportantfigure.Unit5HermanMelville1.WhatarethestoriesIsmaeltellsaboutMobyDick?IshmaelcomparesthelegendofMobyDicktohisexperienceofthewhale.Henotesthatspermwhaleattackshaveincreasedrecentlyandthatsuperstitioussailorshavecometoregardtheseattacksashavinganintelligent,evensupernaturalorigin.Inparticular,wildrumorsaboutMobyDickcirculateamongwhalemen,suggestingthathecanbeinmorethanoneplaceatthesametimeandthatheisimmortal.Ishmaelremarksthateventhewildestofrumorsusuallycontainssometruth.Whales,forinstance,havebeenknowntotravelwithremarkablespeedfromtheAtlantictothePacific;thus,itispossibleforawhaletobecaughtinthePacificwiththeharpoonsofaGreenlandshipinit.MobyDick,whohasdefiedcapturenumeroustimes,exhibitsan“intelligentmalignity(狠毒)in”hisattacksonmen2.WhydoesAhabreactsoviolentlyagainstthewhitewhale?First,helostoneofhislegsbecauseofthewhitewhale.Second,HeconsidersMobyDicktheembodimentofevilintheworld,inescapablefatetodestroythisevil.lunatic.”Doyouagreewithhim?Whyorwhynot?IshmaeldescribesAhabasmadinhisnarration,anditdoesindeedseemmadtotrytofighttheforcesofnatureorGod.3.Whatnarrativefeaturescanyoufindintheselectedchapter?Intheselectedcharpter,MelvilleemployedthetechniqueofmultipleviewofhisnarrativetoportrayMobyDicktoachievetheeffectofambiguityandletreadersjudgethemeaning.Unit6HenryDavidThoreau1.WhereindeeddidThoreaulive,bothataphysicallevelandataspirituallevel?HelivedinacabinonWaldenPond,whichbelongedtoEmerson'soprty.2.HadThoreaueverboughtafarm?Whydidheenjoytheactofbuying?No,hehadnt.Heavoidedpurchasingafarmbecauseitwouldinevitablytiehimdownfinanciallyandcomplicatehislife.Thoreaudidn'setetheacquisitionofwealthasthegoalforhumanexistence,hesawthegoaloflifetobeanexplorationofthemindandofthemagnificentworldaroundus.Heregardedtheplacesasanexistencefreeofobligationsandfullofleisure.3.IsitsignificantthatThoreaumentionedtheFourthofJulyasthedayonwhichhebegantostayinthewoods?Why?Yes,itis.BecauseTheFourthofJulyisknownasIndependenceDay,thebirthdayottheUnitedStates.HereThoreauusesthedaytoexpresshisbeginningofregenerationatWalden.Italsomeansasymbolofhisconquestofbeing.4.HowcouldyouanswerthequestionThoreauaskedattheendofthisselection?Unit719thCenturyAmericanPoets1.HenryWadsworthLongfellow1.Whydidthespeakerlosesightofhisarrowandsong?Thearrowfliestooswiftlyandtoofarawaytobeseenbythespeaker;whereasthesongisnaturallyinvisible.2.Inwhatcircumstancesdidhefindthemagain?Hefindsthemunexpectedlyyearslaterfromthetrunkofatreeandtheheartofafriend.3.Whatdoarrowandsongstandforinthispoem?Theimagesofarrowandsongheremaystandforfriendship.1.Whatkindofpersonisthespeakerofthispoem?Thespeakerisamanofaction,alwaysoptimisticandcheerful,tryingtoachieveasmuchaspossibleintheshortspanoflife.2.Accordingtothepoem,howshouldourlivesbeledtoovercomethefactthateachdaybringsusnearertodeath?Weshouldworkharderandlivehappier.3.Interpretthemetaphorof"Footprintsonthesandoftime"(line28).Themetaphorreferstohumandeedsinreallife.WaltWhitman(1)One'sSelfISing1.Whatisthesignificanceofsingingaboutone'sself?Itisanexaltationoftheindividualspirit,whichistypicalofAmericanpeople.2.Whatisthedifferencebetweenphysiologyandphysiognomy?Physiologyisasciencethatdealswiththefunctionsandlifeprocessofhumanbeings,whereasphysiognomyreferstoanartofjudgingcharacterfromcontoursoffaceitselfortheappearanceofaperson.3.WhatdoesWhitmanmeanbythetermof"theModernMan"?Hemeansthatamanshouldbefreefromanyprejudiceandpride,totallydifferentfromthetraditionalone,thatisbias.fullof1.Whyistheword"Captain"capitalizedthroughoutthepoem?InthispoemthewordCaptain”speciallyreferstoAbrahamLincoln,presidentoftheUnitedStates.2.Whatoverallmetaphordoesthepoetemployinthispoem?Lifeisajourney.3.Whydopeopleontheshoresexultandbellsring,whilethespeakerremainssosad?Theywelcometheshipreturningfromitshardtrip,whereasthespeakerissadbecausethecaptainfailstoreceivehisownhonor.3.EmilyDickinsonaPrairie1.Whatthingsareneededto"make"aprairie?Inwhatsensecanonereallydoit?Somegrassandinsectsandsmallanimals.Peoplecanmakeaprairiewiththeirimagination.2.Howcan"reveryalone"createaprairie?Theprairiestaysinone'smind.1.Whyissuccess"countedsweetestbythosewhone'ersucceed"?Thosewhohavetastedthebitternessoffailurewouldhaveakeenerdesireforsuccess.2.Whoare"thepurplehost"?Theso-calledsuccessfulpeopleintheworld.3.Whois"he"inthelaststanza?Anyonewhoispursuinghissuccess.1.Whoarethe"pairofus"and"they"inthispoem?The"pairofus"referstothespeakerinthepoemandthereader,and"they"referstothepublic,especiallythoseinpower.2.Whatdoes"anadmiringbog"reallymean?"(line28).ItImpliesthevainandemptycommonpeople,whoarealwaysadmiringandpursuingthecelebrities.3.Whatisthethemeofthispoem?Therealadmirablelifeisasecludedandcommonone.4.Doyouwanttobe"nobody"or"somebody"?Explainyourreasons.Differentpersonswouldhavedifferentanswerstothisquestion.Personally,Iprefertobenobody.Unit8MarkTwain1:WhydoyouthinkMr.WheelerissoeagertotelltheseriesFromMr.Wheeler'sbehaviorsandcontentsofhisnarrationwecanknowheissoeagertotellthesestories.First,when"I"askedhimtotell"me"somethingaboutW.Smiley,hebacmeintoacornerandblockadedmewithhischair,andthensatdownandreeledoffthenarrative”.Andduringtheprocessoftellinghisstories,heneverpaidanyattentiontoothers'responsetohisstoryandjustwentontellingwhatamusedhim.Atlastwhenthelistenerfeltboringandwantedtoleave,Mr.Wheelerevendidn'tnoticeitandstillaskedhimtosittherelisteningtohim.2:Doeshisaudiencesharehisenthusiasmintellingthestories?No.theaudiencedoesnotshowanyinterestinMr.Wheelerstories.Infact,thenarratorwasveryfeverishabouthisstories,but,intheeyesofthelistener,thestorieswereveryboringandhadnothingtodowithhispreoccupation.Asaneducatedman,thelistenercouldn'tunderstandthewayoflaborersforjoy,andhewouldneverbotherhimselftounderstandit.SoafterthelongtimeofMr.Wheelersolonarrationandwhentheaudiencegotachance,hefledaway.3:Doyouthinkthenarratorandhislistenereversuspectthepresenceofhumor?Why?Howdoyouinterprettheirinteractions?Thenarratorandhislistenernevernoticedorsuspectedthepresenceofhumor.Duringtheintercourse,thenarratorwentvigorouslyonhismonotonousnarrative"wihoutalittlesmiling"talkingabouttheanimalsandthethingslike,whilethelistenerfeltratherpuzzledorbotheredbyhisstories.Itseemedtobekindofcoarsethings.Sothetwodifferentscenesgoonseparatelywithoutaintersection.Andtheirinteractionwasacompletefailureaccordingtoourcommonsenseaboutcommunication.ButitinthissenseproducedtheeffectofhumorwhichcanbetastedbyourreadersduetotheskillsadoptedbyMarkTwainUnit14FScottFitzgeraldatsbydeservestobecalledthegreatWhy1)IthinkitistoocomplicatedtosimplysayGatsbydeservestobe―ornot.Foronething,Gatsbywasgreatambitious,hardworking,generousandpassionate.HewassoextremelyloyaltohisloveandDaisythathecoulddoanythingtogetDaisyback:hedidshadybusinesstoearnmoneyandsocialposition;hethrewluxuriouspartiesjusttodrawDaisy'sattention;hecouldtaketheblameforadeaththathedidtcause.2)Inthisrespect,heismuch―greaterthanhiscontemporaries.Foranotherthing,GatsbyneverrealizedDaisywasn'tthegirlhelovedanymore.Gatsbywasinnocentthathestakedeverythingonhisdreams,notrealizingthathisdreamsareunworthyofhim.Hewasn'tsoberenoughtobegreat.egreenlightGatsbybelievedinexistinrealityWhyorwhynot?(1)Ithink—thegreenlightdoesnotexistinreality.BecausethegreenlightwhichsituatedattheendofDaisyEastEggdockandbarelyvisiblefromWestEgglawnrepresentsGatsby'usnattainabledream.Althoughthecoloritselfcanbeseenashopeandbrightfuture,GatsbyuestforDaisybackisdoomedtobeimpossible.Daisylivedin—amaterialworldwithoutbeingreal,wherepoorghosts,breathingdreamlike2)AfterfiveyearswhenGatsbymetDaisyagain,themiracleDaisyhadlostheroriginalglory.Therefore,thereisnodelayingthatGatsby'sdreamwouldnotcometrue.Inthenovel,thegreenlightnotonlyrepresentsthatinnocentGatsbylookedforwardtothefuture,butalsomeanshislongingforthehistory-hishappypastwithDaisy.Thedistinctionbetweenidealandrealitywashuge.AsifAmericandreambetweengoldenpastandgoldenfuturealwayssufferedfromtherealisticbetrayalandcrush.3.WhatdoesGatsby'sSchedulerevealabouthimandhowdoesitrelatetotheAmericanDream?1)ThescheduleisareflectionofGatsby'sdeterminationandambition.Itrevealsthatheishardonhimselfinpursuitofhisgoal—tobeanupper-classman.2)Ononehand,wecanknowthatheispersistentinpursuinghisAmericanDream--toattainwealthandhappinessthroughhisstruggle.Ontheotherhand,heistooidealisticandnaive.3)Hetrieshisbesttomakemoneyandlearnseverythingrequiredtobeanupper-classmansothathecangetaccesstohisbelovedgirl.Moneyisimportant，butthereareotherbarriersdifficulttopenetrate.Thegirlhelovesisasvulgarandsuperficialasothersinhercircle,sheisunabletomeetsGatsby'sromanticfantasy.Sohisdreamisdestinedtoshatter,whichindicatesthedisillusionofAmericanDream.4.WhenyoureadthelineHe(themanwith-oewyeldglasses)tookoffhisglassesandwipedthemagain,outsideandin,whatimagesdoesitcreateinyourmind,giventhenovelnumerousreferencestothestrikinglystrangesceneofthespectacledeyes?1)Fromthisline,superficially,owl-eyesisapersonwiththickandblurryglasseswhocannotseeclearlyallthethingsintheworld.However,weknowheisactuallyanowl-wiseobserverandseesmoreclearlythananyoneelseinthenovel.Owl-Eyes,exceptNick,istheonlyfriendtoappearatrain-soakedburialofGatsby,whenothersareunwillingcome.HefeelssympathyforGatsby'stragedy.2)Afterreadingthisline,IcannothelpthinkingofDr.Eckleburgbillboardwithitshugeyellowspectaclesinnovel.Inmanyrainydays,Dr.Eckleburg'seyesareodimmedandseemblind.Butinfactthisisapairof"all-eyes.TheOwl-EyedManissimilartoDr.Eckleburg,sadlylookingatthepeople'slifeandidealismofthistime.Boththemsymbolizeanuninvolvedspectatorgod.Theywatchalltheactivitiesofthehumans.Owl-eyesistheavatarofthesightlessDr.Eckleburg.Unit16ErnestHemingway1.Howdoyouinterprettheironyofthetitleafterreadingthe1)Thetitle―ACleanWell-LightedPlacereferstothecafeinthetext.Thecafewasverycleanandwell-lighted.Fromtheliterarymeaning,wemayfeelthisplacewasverywarmandcomfortable,wasaplacewherepeopleneedwarmthwantedtogo.Sotheoldman,whowasrichbutdeafandlonelycameheretofindwarmthandavoidednada.Itwastheonlyplacehecouldgoandcouldfindsomecomfort.(2)However,theyoungerwaiterwasveryselfish.Ashiswifewaswaitinghimonthebed,hewantedtogohomeearly.Therefore,herefusedtooffertheoldmananothercupofwinebytheexcusethatthebusinesswasfinished.Infact,therewasstillanhourfromclosingtime.Theyoungerthoughtanhourwasmoreimportanttohimthantotheoldman.Theoldmanneededtoleavetheonlyplacewherehecouldgetfarawayfromnada/nothing.Thiscafeshouldbewarmbuttheyoungerwaiterforcedthelonelyanddeaftoleavewithoutanysympathy.Thisistheironyofthetitle.2.Doyouthinkyouthandconfidencecanhelponewithstandthemetaphoricaldark？Whyorwhynot?(1)Idon'tthinkthemetaphoricaldarkmeansnadanothinginonesinnerheart.Inthearticle,theyoungerwaiterhadbothyouthandconfidence;however,henevermadefulluseofthem.Aswecansee,hedidn'tunderstandtheoldmansuicideandexcessivedrinking,andfailedtoseehistomorrowthroughtheoldman'spresentsituation.2)What'smore,hehadnoideathatyouthisnotpermanent,whichcannotguaranteeloveandwork.Fromabove,thereisnodenyingthathedidn'trealizehisnada.Therefore,hisyouthandconfidencenevercontributedtowithstandinghismetaphoricaldark.3)Ithinkthat,nowadays,youthandconfidencedocanhelptowithstandthemetaphoricaldark,foronecanbravelyfacetherealityandovercomethenadawithyouthandconfidence.Buttheyonlyserveastwomainfactors.Infact,weneedsomeotherfactorssuchascourage,dignityandsoonifwewanttowithstandthemetaphoricaldarksuccessfully.3.Theolderwaitersaidtotheyoungerwaiter:Weareoftwodifferentkinds.”Inwhatwaydoyouthinktheyaredifferent?1)IthinktheyaredifferentfromeachotherinthefollowingfourbeginningtheyareindifferentagesTheolderwaiterwasinhismiddleage;whiletheotherwasmuchyounger.2)Then,theyhavedifferentattitudestowardstheoldman.Fromthearticle,weknowtheolderwaiterhadsufferedalot.Hehadmaintainedacleanandwell-lightedplaceinhisheart,andhecouldunderstandtheoldmanandshowsympathytohim.However,theyoungmanwasveryselfish.Hewantedtogohomeearlysothathefinishedthebusinessonehourearlierandforcedtheoldmantoleave.Heshowedhatredratherthansympathytotheoldman.3)Next,theyhavedifferentattitudestowardslife.Theolderwaiterhadadeepsenseoflife.Hewasbraveandwantedtofightagainnada.Besides,hecaredaboutothers.Theyoungeronewastotallydifferent;hehasashadowunderstandingoflife.Hesatisfiedwithhispresentloveandwork,heonlycareabouthimselfandwasreluctanttotakeothersintoconsideration.Heevenneverthoughtofhisfuture.(4)Finally,theyhavedifferentattitudestowardsnada.Theolderwaiterhadrealizedthatitisimpossibletoavoidnadainone'swholelife.Theonlythinghecandoistokeepakindofclearnessinhisownmind.Sohewaswillingtoworklateforthelonelyoldmanandwaspleasedtohelpthosewhoaresufferingnada.Butoutofyouthandconfidence,hefailedtoovercomenada.Onthecontrary,theyoungerwaiterhadthetwomostimportantfactorsforwithstandingnada;however,hedidnheartatall.Thenhisyouthandconfidencebecameuseless.'trealizethenadainhisUnit1720th-CenturyAmericanPoets1.EzraPoundInAStationoftheMetro1.Whydoesthepoetcallthefacesofpedestrians"apparition"?Thesepedestriansareallwalkinginahurryamidstthedrizzlingrain.2.Whatdo"petals"and"bough"standfor?Petalsrefertothefaceswhiletheboughstandsforthefloatingcrowd.2.WallaceStevensAnecdoteoftheJar1.Whatdoesthejarinpoemsymbolize?Whydoesthespeakerplaceitontopofahill?Thejarheresymbolizesacertain”“”“perspectiveonlookingatthisworld.Iftheperspectiveoftheviewingiscreativeandunique,itwillchangetheconventionalorderoftheoldworld.Whenanewperspectivecomesout,itwillcertainlyholdattentionfromtherest.2.Thejaris"round"and"ofaportinair,"meaningthatithasastatelyimportance.Whateffectdoesithaveonsurroundingswhenplacedontheground?Maybetheroundjarassumestheairofadomineeringfigure,whichhelpstoformacertainorderoutofthedisorderedsurrounding.3.HowdidthewildernessofTennesseecharacterized?Whatwordsorphrasesdoesthepoetusetodescribeit?seemstoaplacefulloflifeandenergy.TennesseeSlovenly,wild”aresomeofthewordsusedtodescribetheplace.(SeeAnecdoteoftheJar)4.RobertFrost(1)FireandIce1.Whatarethesymbolicmeaningsoffireinthispoem?Firesymbolizesnaturaldisaster,humanpassion,aswellaswar.2.Whydoesthespeakersaythaticeisalsogreatfordestruction?ExplainwhaticestandsforIce,opposetohere.fire,isalsoadreadfulnaturaldisasterinthisworld,andiceisalwaysrelatedtoindifference,coldness,hatred,andthethernegativesentimentsofhumanbeings.3.Whatisyouropinionaboutfireandice?Whichoneismoredestructive?Bothfireandicecandestroythisbeautifulworldiftheyarebeyondcontrolofhumanbeings.Thereforeweshouldbeopen-mindedandreduceourprejudiceandpridesoastokeepthisworldinpeace.(2)StoppingByWoodsOnaSnowyEvening1.Inyouropinion,whatwasthereasonthatmadethespeakerstopbythewoodsonasnowyevening?Thepoetwasdeeplyattractedbythenaturalbeautyofthesceneatthaterymoment.2.Whydidthehorsegivetheharnessbellashake?Thehorsegrewimpatientbystoppinginthemiddleofthedark,coldwoodsatmidnight.Itwaseagertogohome.3.Whycouldn'tthespeakerstaylongerbythewoodstoappreciateitsmysteriousbeauty?Herealizedthatitwas””atnightandhewouldhavetohurryhometogetsomefoodandsleep,becausethenextmorninghewouldhavealotofworktodo.The4.WhatistheeffectofrepetitioninthelasttwoTherefrain-likerepetitioninthelasttwolinesremindsthereaderasimplefactoflife:whateverhappens,onemustgoforwardthejourneyofhisorherlife.RoadNotTaken1.Whatisthespeaker'sinitialresponsetothedivergencethetworoads?Thespeakerisatalosswhichroadheshouldchoose,andhefeelssorrythathecannotexplorebothroadsthesametime.2.Describethesimilaritiesanddifferencesofthesetworoads.Whichonedoesthespeakertake?Tworoadsaresimilarexceptoneofthemismoregrassy,whichimpliesthatitlesstraveledbypeople.Thespeakerprefersthelesstraveledone,becausehelikesadventure.3.Whatmightthetworoadsstandforinthespeaker'smind?Oneroadstandsforthetraditionaloneandtheotherisunconventionaloneandfullofchallengesanddifficulties.followotherpeople'sfootstepsortoopenanewroadforhimselfisreallynotaneasydecisionforustomakeinourlives.Unit22AllenGinsbergAllthroughthepoem,thespeakerisaddressingtoWaltWhitman.IsthispoemaboutWaltWhitmanoraboutmodernAmerica?fromAllenGinsbergASupermarketinCaliforniaTheauthorinthispoemwantedtoemphasishisthe