江苏省常州市2021年中考：英语考试真题与答案解析

江苏省常州市2021年中考：英语考试真题与答案解析一、单项选择从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．_________isbetterworthmyrespectthanYuanLongping.HeistheprideofChina.（C）A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Nobody D．Everybody2．Don't_________yourchildwithothersbecauseeverychildisatreasure.（A）A．compare B．complain C．contact D．consider3．﹣Couldyouplaythepianoattheageoffive？﹣No.I_________.Istartedatsix.（D）A．can't B．shouldn't C．needn't D．couldn't4．Chinagrowsagreatdealofcotton，_________inthewesternareas.（D）A．finally B．highly C．warmly D．mostly5．LittleSimbawenthuntingalone.TheLionKingwalkedaround，_________hissafety.（B）A．withthehelpof B．infearof C．atthespeedof D．ontopof6．Mycousiniscreativeenoughto_________thenewchallengingtask.（A）A．takeon B．takeout C．putup D．putin7．﹣MyfamilywillgoonatriptoBeijingthissummer.Butwehaven'tdecided_________.﹣Whynottakethehigh﹣speedrailway!（B）A．whentoleave B．howtogetthere C．whichhoteltochoose D．howlongtostaythere8．China'sTianwenIRoverlandedonMarsonMay15th.2021.Doyouknow_______？（C）A．whatitwasgoingtodiscover B．whywasitsentthere C．whatitlookslike D．howmanyphotosdoesittakethere9．﹣ThanksalotfortakingcareofmyboywhenIwasaway.﹣_________.Wehadgreatfuntogether.（D）A．Allthebest B．Goodidea C．That'sright D．Don'tmentionit10．﹣IstayeduplatetofinishmyreportlastnightandIfeeltirednow.﹣_________.Sleepisalsoimportant.（A）A．Don'tburnthecandleatbothends B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords C．Don'tputallyoureggsinonebasket D．Manyhandsmakelightwork二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。11．"Simplyavoidher."AbbylistenedcloselyasIcontinued.''Ifshesaysanymore（1）Dthingstoyou.I'llgotoyourteacher.I'llmakesureyouareneverina（n）（2）Bwhereyouhavetositnexttoheragain."Atthattime，Allyson，mytheneight﹣year﹣old，cameto（3）Cusandlistenedtoeveryword.Neitherofmydaughtersinterrupted（打断）asIfinishedmyheartfeltspeech，filledwith（4）Awisdom.Then，asIwastellingthemwhatIthoughtright.Allyson'srealwordsof（5）Ccameabout."Mom."shesaid."Iwasjustthinking.MaybeAbbyshouldbethatgirl's（6）Csothatshecanbear（容忍）her.Inthatway，shecanletthatgirlseeforgiveness（谅解）andkindnessthroughher.。Hmm，Ibecamethe（7）A.Atthatmoment，IrealizedthatalthoughIwaswearingthe"mother'shat"，the"hat"certainlydidn'tmakeme（8）Ballthetime.Infact，Iwantedtopullthathatovermyfaceandhidemyselfsothattheycouldn'tseemyembarrassed（难为情的）look."Yes，that'sagoodpoint，"Icommented（评论），（9）Aahalfsmileatmygirls."Abby，youdealwiththissituationthewayyouthinkisright.""OK."shesaid，givingmeaquickhug（拥抱）beforewalkingoutofthedoorandofftoschool."Bye，Mom!"Allysoncalled，followingherbigsistertogooutofthedoor.Iwasleftalone—inmyslippers（拖鞋）.Inthosefollowing（10）DmomentsIwaslostinthought.Ididfeel（11）Bmytwoamazingdaughters—smallinsizebutbiginheart.Sometimesourchildrenhavegreatlessonstoteachus—（12）Cwearewillingtolisten.Thatlessoncamemorethantenyearsago，andI'llneverforgethowmuchIhavelearnedfrommychildren.（1）A.unusualB.unsureC.unknownD.unpleasant（2）A.actionB.situationC.traditionD.instruction（3）A.admireB.surpriseC.joinD.believe（4）A.motherlyB.friendlyC.livelyD.lonely（5）A.courageB.angerC.wisdomD.humor（6）A.pupilB.victimC.friendD.enemy（7）A.studentB.personC.guideD.guest（8）A.happyB.rightC.luckyD.kind（9）A.forcingB.promisingC.exploringD.imagining（10）A.strangeB.difficultC.tiringD.quiet（11）A.worriedaboutB.proudofC.interestedinD.readyfor（12）A.unlessB.althoughC.ifD.until三、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。12．Inmoderntimes.ourclothesseemgoodenoughtomeetourneedsbothincolorandstyle.However，areyouimpatientwithwashingyourclothessooften？Areyoutiredofthesamecolor？Ifyouransweris"Yes".Let'smeetthefashioninthefuture.Sun﹣No﹣SpotTocleanthisshirt，juststandinthesun!AspecialmaterialonthesurfacereceivesUVlightfromthesun.Thisheatsitupenoughtomakestains（污渍）missing.Youstaycoolbutstainsdisappear!Somestainsdisappearinminutes—othersmighttakeaday.NewFabricSuitAreyousickofholesinyourclothes？Thisnewmaterialrepairsitself!Ifthisclothgetsahole.justrub（搓揉）thebrokenplacequickly.Heatfromtherubbingwillcausethematerialstoconnectwitheachotheragain，repairingthehole.Hole？Whathole？NewWiggleVigorThisclothgetsacharge（充电）fromrunningaround.Asyoumove，thethinwiresinthematerialturnyourmovementintopower.Thiscanchargeacomputer，anipad，ahair﹣dryer，andmanyothersmallthingsthatneedpower.ChameleonClothTiredofthesameoldlook？Howaboutclothesthatchangecolors？Thismaterialismadewithdyes（染料）thatchangecolorswhentheygetwarm.Asmallbatteryheatsupthinmetalthreads（金属线）inthecloth.tochangecolorsorforms.（1）IfyourSun﹣No﹣Spotshirtisdirtywithstains，whatcanyoudotocleanit？AA.Warmitinthesun.B.Rubitquickly.C.Connectittoacomputer.D.Changeitscolor.（2）Ifyourmobilephonehasnopower.whichonecanhelpyou？CA.Sun﹣No﹣Spot.B.NewFabricSuit.C.NewWiggleVigor.D.ChameleonCloth.（3）WhichofthenextpicturesgoeswellwithChameleonCloth？CA.B.C.D.13．IntheSpringandAutumnperiod（475﹣221BC）therelivedamancalledJiZha.HewasthefourthsonofthekingoftheKingdomofWu.BecauseofJiZha'sstickingtorighteousness（正义）andwidelearning，hewashisfather'sfavoriteandthekingwantedtomakehimhisheir（堆承人）.However，JiZharefusedbecausehethoughttheking'seldestsonshouldbetheonetoreceivethethrone.Later，JiZhaservedasanambassador（外交大臣）ofWutootherkingdomsinChina.Once，onamissiontotheKingdomofLu，JiZhapassedthroughtheKingdomofXu.ThekingofXureceivedhimasafriend，andadmiredthevaluablesword（剑）JiZhawaswearing.Althoughhishostdidn'tmentionit，JiZhacouldseehewantedtoownitverymuch.However，ashestillneededtogotoLu，JiZhadidn'tgivethekingofXuhisswordasapresent.AfterfinishinghismissiontoLu，onhiswayback，JiZhaonceagainpassedthroughXu.ThistimehedecidedtogivetheswordtothekingofXu.Butwhenhearrived，hisfriendhadalreadypassedaway.JiZhadidn'texpectitandfeltverysad.Hetookoffhisswordandgaveittothedeadmanbyhangingitonatreenearhistomb（坟墓）.JiZha'sattendants（随从）didn'tunderstandhisaction，saying，"Sir，thekingofXuisalreadydead.Whydoyoustillgiveupyourswordtohim？"JiZhashookhishead，"WhenIcametotheKingdomofXulasttime，InoticedthatmyfriendadmiredmyswordandIdecidedthatwhenIcamebackIwouldgiveittohim.However，Ineverexpectedthisturnofevents.ButhowcouldIchangemymindjustbecausethemanhaddied？"Withthesewords，helefttheplace，low﹣spiritedandheart﹣broken.（1）WhatdoweknowaboutJiZhafromthepassage？CA.Hewasbornin221BC.B.Hedidn'thavetheabilitytobeaking.C.Hewasacarefulandgenerousman.D.Helosthisfightforthethronetohisbrother.（2）WhydidJiZhagiveuphisswordtothekingofXualthoughhehaddied？BA.Hewasloyaltohiscountry.B.Hewasloyaltorighteousness.C.Hewanguiltyofhisfriend'sdeath.D.Hewasguiltyofnotseeinghisfriendbeforehisdeath.（3）Whatisthebesttitleofthisstory!DA.JiZhaandHisFriend.B.JiZhaandHisCountry.C.JiZhaGivesUpHisThrone.D.JiZhaGivesUpHisSword.14．（8分）Durbeyfieldsatdownuponthegrassylandbytheroadside，puttinghisbasketbeforehim.Inafewminutes，ayouthfromhisvillageappearedinthedistance.Onseeinghim，Durbeyfieldhelduphishand，andtheboyquickenedhisstepsandcamenear."Boy，takeupthatbasket!Iwantyoutodosomethingforme."Theskinnyboyfrowned（皱眉），"Whoareyouthen，JohnDurbeyfield，toordermeaboutandcallme'boy'？YouknowmynameaswellasIknowyours!""Doyou，doyou？That'sthesecret—That'sthesecret!Nowobeymyorders，andFred，Idon'tmindtellingyouthatthesecretisthatI'moneofnoblerace（贵族）—ithasbeenjustfoundoutbymethispresentafternoon."Andashemadetheannouncement，heluxuriously（奢侈地）layhimselfuponthelandamongtheflowers.TheboystoodbeforeDurbeyfield，andlookedathimfromheadtofoot."Sir，JohnD'Urberville—that'swhoIam，"continuedDurbeyfield."DoyouknowsuchaplaceasGreenhill？""Yes.IhavebeentheretoGreenhillfair（集市）.""Well，underthechurchofthatcitythereliemyancestors（祖先）—hundredsofthem—incoatsofjewellery.Thereisnotamanherewho'sgotgreaterandnoblerancestorsthanI.""Oh？""Nowtakeupthatbasket，andgoontothePureDropInn，tellingthemtosendahorseandcarriage（马车）withaservant（仆人）herequickly，tocarrymehome.Andwhenyou'vedonethat，goontomyhousewiththebasket，andtellmywifetoputawaythatwashing，becausesheneedn'tfinishit，andwaittillIcomehome，asI'venewstotellher."Astheboystoodindoubt，Durbeyfieldputhishandintohispocket.Andproducedashilling（aunitofmoneyusedinBritainuntil1971）."Hereisforyourwork，son."Thismadeadifference."Yes，SirJohn.Thankyou."Theboytookupthebasketandsetoutatonce.（1）WhatdidDurbeyfieldaskFredtodo？CA.Listentoastory.B.Findoutasecret.C.Sendmessagesforhim.D.Driveahorseandcarriageforhim.（2）WhichofthefollowingaboutDurbeyfieldisTRUE？AA.Hedidbelievehewasanoble.B.HewantedtoplayatrickonFred.C.Hewastherichestmaninthecity.D.HeusedtoliveinGreenhill.（3）WhatmadetheboywillingtoworkforDurbeyfield？DA.Durbeyfield'ssecret.B.Durbeyfield'sorder.C.HisvisittoGreenhillfair.D.Theunitofmoney.（4）WhatismostprobablytherelationshipbetweenDurbeyfieldandFred？BA.Fatherandson.B.Neighbors.C.Closefriends.D.Masterandservant.15．Thereareonly24hoursinaday，andusuallyaboutathirdofthatisspentsleeping.Soisitpossibletomakeuseofthistimeandlearnanewskillorevenalanguage？Inotherwords，issleeplearningpossible？Manystudieshavefoundthatabasicformoflearningcalledconditioningcanhappenduringsleep.Ina2012studypublishedinthemagazineNatureNeuroscience，forexample，Israeliresearchersfoundthatpeoplecanlearntoconnectsoundswithsmellsduringsleep.Thescientistsplayedatonetosleepingstudyparticipantswhileputtingsomerotten（腐烂的）fishbesidetheirbeds.Onceawakewhenhearingthetone.Thepeopleheldtheirbreathinanticipationofabadsmell."Thiswasadearfindingshowingparticipantsformednewmemoriesduringsleep，"saidAndrillon，ascientistinthisheld.Althoughthenowmemorywasimplicit（暗示性的），itcouldinfluencehowpeoplebehave，researchersfoundina2014studypublishedintheJournalofNeuroscience.Inthatresearch，afterspendinganightinaroomfullofcigarette（香烟）smellmixedwithrotteneggsorfish，smokersusefewercigarettes.Andrillonandhisteammembershavefoundthatlearninginsleepcanalsogobeyondsimpleconditioning.Intheir2017studypublishedinNatureCommunications，participantswereabletopickoutsoundfeaturesthattheyhadheardduringsleep.Learningabilitiesinsleepmayspreadtolearningofwords.InastudypublishedinCurrentBiology，researchersplayedpairsofmade﹣upwordsandtheirsupposedmeaningslike"guga"meanselephant，tosleepparticipants.Afterthis，whenawake，theparticipantsdidbetterinpickingtherighttranslationofmade﹣upwordsinamulti﹣choicetest.Sofar，researchsuggestsitmaybepossibletolearnaboutthetoneandpronunciationofalanguageoreventhemeaningofwordswhilesleeping，althoughitistoaweakerlevelthanwhatwedoduringthedaywithoutnoticing.（1）Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext？AA.Toshowthatsleeplearningispossible.B.Tostudyhowtomakeuseofsleeplearning.C.Toreportsomefamousresearchfindings.D.Toprovesleeplearningisimplicitandweak.（2）Whatdoesthephrase''newmemories''inthethirdparagraphreferto（指的是）？BA.Connectionbetweenparticipantsandscientists.B.Connectionbetweensoundsandsmells.C.Thetone'sinfluenceontherottenfish.D.Therotteneggs'influenceoncigarettes.（3）Whatisthemainideaofthelasttwoparagraphs？BA.Sleepcandogoodtolearning.B.Languagelearningcanhappeninsleep.C.Peoplelearninsleepinadifferentlanguage.D.Sleeplearningisbetterthandaytimelearning.四、阅读表达阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。16．Afterappearingasaspecialeventatthe2008BeijingOlympicGamesandthe2014NanjingYouthOlympicGames.Wushu，widelyknownasChineseKungfu，willmakeitsfirstappearanceasanofficial（官方的）sportatthe4thYouthOlympicGamesin2022.It'salong﹣awaitedbreakthrough（期待已久的突破）fortheInternationalWushuFederation（协会）（IWF），whichmadeapplicationstotheInternationalOlympicCommittee（100）in2001，2008and2011，butfailed.Thefirsttwoapplicationswererefusedattheverybeginning.Thethirdapplicationmadeittothefinalvotingfortakingpartinthe2020TokyoOlympicGamesbutmissedoutonceagain.Overtheyears，boththeInternationalWushuFederationandChineseWushuAssociation（CWA）havedonealottomakeimprovementwithstrongsupportfromtheStateGeneralAdministrationofSportofChina（中国体育总局）.TheAdministrationnotonlyofferstechnical（技术的）support，oftensendingexpertsorteacherstohelptheirWushutrainingcamps，butalsogenerouslyprovidesagreatdealofWushuequipment（设备）forfree.Everyyear，manylocalWushugroupsaresentabroadtoputonWushushows，tryingtoimprovetheinfluenceofWushuinforeigncountries.Throughtheircontinuousefforts，Wushuhasbecomewidelypopularacrosstheworld，especiallyamongyoungWushufans.Studiedshowthat，today，about120millionpeopleareattractedtoWushuaroundtheworld.ChinagotWushuacceptedasanofficialOlympicseventsuccessfullyinJanuary，2020，whichhelpstomakeitmoreinternationalquickly.Atotalof48athletesfromacrosstheworldwillcompeteinfourWushuevents：men'sandwomen'sChangquanandmen'sandwomen'sTaijiquan.News：WushuIsIncludedinYouthOlympicsNewslead•Wushuwill（1）appearatthe4thYouthOlympics，firsttimeasanofficialsport.Newsbody•EffortsmadetospreadWushuandenteritfortheOlympicsGames：•IWFmadeapplicationstoIOCthreetimesbutdidn't（2）succeedeachtime.•Inordertoimprovethesituation，IWFandCWAhavedonealotwiththetechnicalsupportand（3）freeequipmentfromtheStateGeneralAdministrationofSportofChina.•ThroughcontinuouseffortslikeputtingonWushu（4）showsabroad.Wushuhasbeenwidelyacceptedacrosstheworld，especiallyamongyoungWushufans.•WushuwasacceptedasanofficialOlympicseventsuccessfullyinJanuary，2020.•48athletesfromacrosstheworldwilljoininthe（5）competitioninfourWushuevents.五、词汇A）根据句子意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空填一词。17．Bally，youshouldkeepyourself（you）calmwhenintrouble.18．Lucyisorganizedandherroomalwayslookstidier（tidy）thanmine.19．Howmanyofyoueverdreamedofbecominganinventor（invent）？20．It'simportanttolearntobehaveproperly（proper）atabigdinner.B）根据句意及汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空填一词。21．ZhangJingisthoughthighlyofbecauseofherperfect（完美的）translation.22．Everyoneexcept（除了）mehasseenHi.Mom，soI'llgotoseeittoday.23．Whentheofficehadapowercutsuddenly（突然），everyonescreamed.24．Mydaughter'ssweetvoice（嗓音）alwaysmakesmerelaxed.六、用括号内所给动词正确形式填空25．It'ssaidthatthismuseumwasnamed（name）afterQuQiubaimanyyearsago.26．Toreduce（reduce）airpollution，ourcityhasputmoreshared﹣bicyclesintouse.27．Chinahaswon（win）lotsofhighpraisesinceweturnedthesandintoforests.28．ChineseWomen'sFootballTeamwillplay（play）inthecomingTokyoOlympics.29．﹣Iwenttoyourhouseafterworkyesterdaybutyouwerenotin.﹣Oh，Iwaswalking（walk）mydogoutside.七、根据所给中文完成句子30．在你做出最终的决定之前，请三思。Pleasethinktwicebeforeyoumakeafinaldecision.31．David一到这儿就迫不及特地炫耀起了他的新手表。Davidcouldn'twaitto