2019年英语新必修二讲义Unit2SectionⅡWarmingUpReading-LanguagePoints

Section_ⅡWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.medaln.奖章；勋章；纪念章2.stadiumn.(露天大型)体育场3.motton.座右铭；格言；警句4.swiftadj.快的；迅速的5.hostvt.做东；主办；招待n.主人6.ancientadj.古代的；古老的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.competevi.比赛；竞争→competitionn．比赛；竞争→competitorn．竞争者→competitiveadj.有竞争力的2.magicaladj.巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的→magicn．魔术；魔力→magiciann．魔术师3.volunteern．志愿者adj.志愿的；义务的v．自愿→voluntaryadj.志愿的；义务的4.regularadj.规则的；定期的；常规的→regularlyadv.定期地；规则地5.basisn．基础；根据→basicadj.基本的；基础的6.athleten．运动员；运动选手→athleticadj.运动的7.admitvt.&vi.容许；承认；接纳→admissionn．准入；准许8.slaven．奴隶→slaveryn．奴隶制度9.responsibilityn．责任；职责→responsibleadj.有责任的；负责的1.replacevt.取代；替换；代替[记法]re(重新)＋place(位置；放置)：重新放置别的东西即“取代”。[同义]taketheplaceof,inplaceof,insteadof,displace2.“快的；迅速的”多种表达①swift②quick③fast④rapid3.homelandn．祖国[记法]home(家)＋land(土地)→homelandn．祖国[联想]常见的合成词①mother(母亲)＋land(土地)→motherlandn．祖国②foot(脚)＋ball(球)→footballn．足球③book(书)＋shelf(架子)→bookshelfn．书架④earth(地球)＋quake(颤抖)→earthquaken．地震4.“比赛”相关名词荟萃①athlete运动员②medal奖牌③competitor竞争者④champion冠军⑤coach教练5.动词＋后缀(s)sion变成名词①admit(v.)容许→admission(n.)准许②permit(v.)允许→permission(n.)许可③decide(v.)决定→decision(n.)决心④express(v.)表达→expression(n.)表达⑤discuss(v.)讨论→discussion(n.)讨论6.加词缀ir­/im­变为反义词①regular→irregularadj.无规律的②possible→impossibleadj.没有可能的③polite→impoliteadj.无礼的二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.take_part_in参加；参与2．stand_for代表；象征；表示3．as_well也；又；还4．as_a_matter_of_fact事实上；实际上5．be_admitted_as被作为……接受6．play_a_very_important_part/role_in在……中起重要作用7．compete_for为……竞争/比赛8．compete_against与……竞争/比赛1.goldmedal金牌2．themottooftheOlympics奥运格言3．everyfouryears每四年/每隔三年4．reachtheagreedstandard达到统一的标准5．notonly...butalso...不但……而且……6．agreathonour极大的荣誉7．regularbasis常规基础8．allabout一切为了三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Ilivedinwhatyoucall“AncientGreece”...我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”……what引导介词in的宾语从句并在从句中作call的宾语。Asisknowntous,weliveinwhat_is_calledInformationAge.众所周知，我们生活在所谓的信息时代。2.It'sintheSummerOlympicsthatyouhavetherunningraces,togetherwithswimming,sailingandalltheteamsports.跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that...是强调句型，被强调部分为地点状语。It_wasbecauseofbadweatherthatthesportsmeetinghadtobeputoff.是因为坏天气运动会才不得不被推迟。3.Noothercountriescouldjoinin,norcouldslavesorwomen!别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！否定词nor放在句首，引起句子部分倒装。Ifyoudon'tgototheparty,neither/nor_will_I.如果你不参加那个晚会，我也不去。4.Womenarenotonlyallowed,butplayaveryimportantroleingymnastics,athletics,teamsportsand...妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操、竞技和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……notonly...but(also)...“不但……而且……”，连接并列成分。Itnot_onlygotusclosetonature,_but_(also)promotedthefriendshipamongus.它不仅使我们亲近自然，也增进了我们之间的友谊。1．(教材P9)HowmanycountriescompetedintheancientOlympicGames?古代奥运会有多少国家参加？competevi.比赛；竞争(1)competein...在某一方面竞争；参加……比赛competefor...为……而竞争competewith/against...与……竞争(2)competitorn.比赛者；对手competitionn.比赛competitiveadj.有竞争力的①MysonwasselectedtocompeteintheLondonmarathon.我儿子被选拔出来参加伦敦的马拉松比赛。②Onlybycompetingwith/againsteachothercanwemakegreatprogressinourstudy.只有相互竞争，我们才能在学习上取得巨大进步。③Thetwoplayerscompetedwitheachotherforagoldmedal.这两个运动员为金牌而战。④Morethan1,000competitors(compete)tookpartinthecompetition(compete)tocompeteforthefirstprize.1000多名参赛者参加这项竞赛，竞争第一名的位置。2．(教材P9)WhocouldnottakepartintheancientOlympicGames?谁不能参加古代奥运会？takepartin参加；参与①ManyathletesaredreamingoftakingpartintheOlympicGamesandwinninggoldmedalsfortheirhomeland.许多运动员梦想着参加奥运会，为他们的祖国争夺金牌。takeanactivepartin积极参加takepart参加②Womenarenowtakinganactivepartinsocialactivities.妇女现在正积极参加社会活动。[辨析比较]takepartin,join,joinin,attendtakepartin指参加群众性活动、会议并在其中起积极作用join指加入党派、社会团体、军队等并成为其中一员joinin指参与某项活动，口语中常与takepartin通用attend是正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼，听报告、讲座等，一般指成为观众或听众选用上述词语填空③Willyoutake_part_intheEnglisheveningpartywithus?④Willyoualljoin_insingingthesong,please?⑤Iwillattendmycousin'sweddingceremonynextFriday.⑥Itisfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy.3．(教材P9)WhatdothefiveringsontheOlympicflagstandfor?奥运旗上的五环代表什么？standfor代表；象征；表示；主张；容忍stand(doing)sth.忍受(做)某事can'tstand(doing)sth.不能忍受(做)某事standby袖手旁观；支持(某人)standout显眼；引人注目①Istandforfreedomofspeechforeveryone.我主张人人都有言论自由。②Don'tloseheart;allyourfriendswillstandbyyou.不要灰心，你的所有朋友都会支持你。③Wearingafancyskirt,thegirlalwaysstands_outinthecrowd.穿着花哨的裙子，这个女孩在人群中总是很显眼。[名师点津]standfor作“代表”讲时，不用于进行时态和被动语态。4．(教材P9)HeisnowinterviewingLiYan,avolunteerforthe2008OlympicGames.现在他正在采访一位2008年奥林匹克运动会的志愿者李燕。volunteern．志愿者；志愿兵adj.志愿的；义务的vt.&vi.自愿(1)volunteertodosth.自愿做某事volunteerforsth.自愿做某事volunteerassth.自愿担任(2)voluntaryadj.自愿的①Thegirlreplacedherbrotherasavolunteertotakepartinthesportsevent.女孩代替哥哥成为志愿者参加了这项体育赛事。②Thecoupleoftenvolunteerto_take(take)partinactivitieshelpingthoseintrouble.这对夫妇经常自愿参加帮助有困难的人的活动。③Idosomevoluntary(volunteer)workatthelocalhospital.我在当地医院从事一些义务工作。5．(教材P10)Onlyathleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmittedascompetitors.只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。admitvt.&vi.承认；容许；接纳admitdoing/havingdonesth.承认做过某事admit...tobe＋adj./n.承认……是……admitthat...承认……admitsb.to/into...允许某人进入……；接收某人(为……成员)①Themaidadmittedthatshehadtakenthewoodenboxapart.女仆人承认是她拆开了木箱。②Throughhishardwork,hewasadmittedinto/tothekeyuniversitylastyear.通过他的勤奋努力，去年他被那所重点大学录取了。③Themanadmittedstealing/having_stolen(steal)acollectionofvaluablepaintings.这个人承认偷了一批珍贵的油画。④Youmustadmitthemanto_be(be)stubborn.你必须承认这个人是顽固的。[名师点津]admit后跟动名词但不能跟不定式作宾语。6．(教材P10)ForeachOlympics,aspecialvillageisbuiltforthemtolivein,amainreceptionbuilding,severalstadiumsforcompetitions,andagymnasiumaswell.每届奥运会都会有一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)供参赛的人住，一个主要的接待大楼，好几个供比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。aswell也；又；还(1)aswell常位于肯定句句末，无须用逗号与句子分开(2)aswellas“和；又”常用于句中，连接两个并列的句子成分(若连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致)(3)may/mightaswell还是……为好；只好……①HewasselectedtotakepartintheOlympicGamesaswell.他也被选去参加奥运会。②ManystudentsaswellasTomwere(be)presentatthemeeting.汤姆和许多学生都参加了会议。③Nowthatyouhaveagoodchance,youmay/might_as_wellmakefulluseofit.既然你有一个好机会，你不妨充分利用这次机会。7．(教材P10)It'sagreatresponsibilitybutalsoagreathonourtobechosen.被选中不仅要承担巨大的责任同时也享有极大的荣誉。responsibilityn．责任；职责(1)asenseofresponsibility责任感takeresponsibilityfor对……负责(2)responsibleadj.负责任的；对……负责的beresponsiblefor对……负责①Thiswillhelpthembuildupasenseofresponsibilitysinceyoung.这将有助于帮助他们从小建立责任感。②Youareinchargeofthecompany,soyoushouldtake_responsibility_forwhatyousaid.你负责这家公司，所以你应该为你所说的负责。③Parentsareresponsiblefortheirchildren'ssafety.父母应负责子女的安全。[名师点津]responsible作前置定语与作后置定语的意义不同：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(aresponsibleperson有责任心的人,thepersonresponsible责任人))8．(教材P10)Soeventheolivewreathhasbeenreplaced!就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！replacevt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处replaceAwith/byB用B替换Areplacesth.＋prep./adv.把某物放回到……①It'snotagoodideatomissmealsandreplacethemwith/bysnacks.不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。②Teacherswillneverbe_replaced(replace)bycomputersintheclassroom.课堂上电脑永远也代替不了老师。③Thelibrarianaskedmetoreplacethebookontheshelfafterreading.图书管理员让我看完书后把它放回书架上。[名师点津]place的相关短语：①inplaceof代替②takesb.'splace＝taketheplaceofsb.代替某人③beinplace在正确位置；准备妥当1．Ilivedinwhatyoucall“AncientGreece”andIusedtowriteabouttheOlympicGamesalongtimeago.我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。whatyoucall“AncientGreece”是what引导的宾语从句，它在句中充当介词in的宾语。其中what又在句中作call的宾语，意为“……的地方”。①In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.1492年哥伦布到达了现在被称作美洲大陆的地方。②Atlastwecametowhatiscalled“Tibet”．＝Atlastwecametoaplacethat/whichiscalled“Tibet”．最后我们来到了被称为“西藏”的地方。2．It'sintheSummerOlympicsthatyouhavetherunningraces,togetherwithswimming,sailingandalltheteamsports.跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。本句中It's...that...为强调句型。(1)强调句型的基本结构：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子的其他部分．(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that＋句子的其他部分？(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子的其他部分？①Itwasinthisshopthatheboughtthebookyesterday.昨天，他正是在这家商店买的这本书。②Itwasyesterdaythatheboughtthebookinthisshop.他是在昨天在这家商店买的这本书。③Wasitlastnightthattheearthquakeoccurred?地震是在昨天晚上发生的吗？④Where_was_it_thatthe31stSummerOlympicGamestookplace?第31届夏季奥运会是在哪里举行的？[名师点津]until引导的时间状语从句可以用在强调句型中，其结构为Itis/wasnotuntil...that...。⑤It_was_not_untilhecamebackthatIknewthetruth.直到他回来我才知道了真相。3．Womenarenotonlyallowed,butplayaveryimportantroleingymnastics,athletics,teamsportsand...妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操、竞技和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用……(1)句中“notonly...but...”结构意为“不仅……，而且……”，其中but后省略了also。①TheBritishandtheAmericansnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebut(also)sharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。(2)notonly...but(also)...连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称与数遵循“就近原则”。②Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwas(be)againsttheplan.不但学生们反对这个计划，老师也反对。(3)notonly...but(also)...连接两个并列分句，且notonly位于句首时，其所在的分句需使用部分倒装。③Notonlydoesthesungiveuslight,butalsoitgivesusheat.太阳给我们提供光与热。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Oneofthevolunteers(volunteer)fortherescueworkinjuredhimselfwhenhelpingothers.2．ItwaswhenIarrivedhomethatIrealizedIhadleftmykeyintheoffice.3．Aftermanydays'voyage,theyarrivedinwhatiscalledAfricanow.4．Aschildren,Lucyandhersisteralwaysusedtocompetewitheachotherforfavouritetoys.5．Ican'tstandgoing(go)outinrushhours.6．Thelocalgovernmentshouldnotignoreitsresponsibility(responsible)orturnablindeyetotheproblem.7．Alltheoldcomputersinvillageschoolswillbe_replaced(replace)withnewones.8．NewscamefromtheschoolofficethatWangLinhadbeen_admitted(admit)toBeijing9．Don'tjuststandby.Can'tyoulendahand?10．Tom,aswellashisfriends,is(be)goingtovisittheexhibitionnextweek.Ⅱ.补全句子1．ApartfromEnglish,hehasagoodcommandofRussianas_well(也)．2．Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlawsforcingparentstotake_more_responsibility_for(为……承担更多的责任)theeducationoftheirchildren.3．NotonlyLucybutalsoherfamilyare_fond_of_travelling(喜欢旅行)aroundtheworld.4．Weneed_some_volunteers_to_rescue(需要一些自愿者去营救)thetrappedworkers.5．Generallyspeaking,ourparentshopethatwecantake_an_active_part_in(积极参加)outdooractivities.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Aslave(奴隶)issomeonewhoisownedbyanotherpersonandworksforthemfornomoney.2．Manycollegestudentsofferedtobevolunteers(自愿者)forOlympicGames.3．Peoplehavelivedinthisvalleysinceancient(古代的)times.4．Hermotto(座右铭)is“Workhard,playhard”．5．Howcantheathletesenjoycompeting(竞争)intheWinterOlympics?6．Londonsucceededinhosting(主办)the2012OlympicGames.7．Hisencouragementhasamagical(魔力般的)effectonchildren.8．XuHaifengwonthefirstgoldmedal(奖牌)intheOlympicGamesforChina.9．Inordertoleadahealthylife,hegoestothetennisclubregularly(定期地)．10．Doyouknowhowmanyathletes(运动员)fromaroundtheworldcompetedinthe2016OlympicGames?Ⅱ.选词填空takepartin，standfor，inone'splace，asamatteroffact，usedto，onaregularbasis，competefor，taketheresponsibilityfor，aswell，beadmittedto1.Iamsurethathewillbe_admitted_toTsinghua2．Athletescompete_forgoldmedalsintheOlympicGames.3．Whowilltake_part_inthephysicscontestwillbeannouncedattomorrow'smeeting.4．I'mgoingtoLondonandmysister'sgoingas_well.5．TheAmericanflagstands_forfreedomandjustice.6．Weareadvisedtohaveamedicalexaminationon_a_regular_basis,_whichishelpfultoourhealth.7．As_a_matter_of_fact,_hereceivedaninvitationfromhisbosstoattendtheparty.8．Themanagershouldtake_the_responsibility_forthefailureoftheplan.9．Janewasill,soIwenttotheconferencein_her_place.10．Heused_togofishingatweekends,butnowhelikesplayingtabletennis.Ⅲ.补全句子1．Hewasillyesterday.That's_whyhewasabsentfromthemeeting.他昨天病了。那就是他开会缺席的原因。2．Theyplantedatreeonbothsidesofthestreetevery_few_metres.他们在街道的两边每隔几米栽一棵树。3．Ifyoudon'ttakepartinthesportsmeeting,neither/nor_shall_I.如果你不参加这次运动会，我也不参加。4．It_was_not_untilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.直到她摘下墨镜，我才意识到她是个著名的电影明星。5．Taking_part_in_the_English_speech_competitionisahelpfulwaytolearnEnglish.参加英语演讲比赛是学习英语的一种很有帮助的方法。Ⅳ.课文语法填空TheOlympicGamesarethe1.biggest(big)sportseventintheworld.TherearetwokindsofOlympicGames.OneistheSummerOlympicGames,andthe2.otheristheWinterOlympicGames.Bothofthem3.are_held(hold)everyfouryears.Allcountriescantakepartiftheirathletesreachthestandardtobeadmitted4.tothegames.Womenarenotonlyallowedtojoinin5.butplayaveryimportantrole.Apetitors(compete)tolivein,includingamainreceptionbuilding,severalstadiumsforcompetitions,agymnasiumandseatsforaudience7.whowatchthegames.Itis8.agreathonourtohosttheOlympicGames.Inaddition,formanycountriesthere'sjustasmuchcompetitiontohosttheOlympicGamesastowinOlympicmedals.Nowadaystheolivewreath9.has_been_replaced(replace)bymedals.Butit'sstillallaboutbeingabletorunfaster,jump10.higher(high)andthrowfurther.Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达不仅杰克而且（notonly...butalso...）他妹妹都被带去观看了2016年里约奥运会。他们看到了代表（standfor）五大洲的奥运五环旗（thefiverings）。这意味着任何一个国家都能参加（takepartin）奥运会。但只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员（athlete）才会被接受为（beadmittedas）奥运会竞赛选手（competitor）。奥运会也（aswell）有一些志愿者（volunteer）提供服务。奥运会的格言（motto）是“更快（swift）、更高、更强”。Not_only_Jack_but_also_his_sister_was_taken_to_watch_the_2016_Rio_Olympic_Games._They_saw_the_five_rings_in_the_Olympic_flag_which_stand_for_the_five_continents_on_the_earth._It_means_any_country_can_take_part_in_the_Olympic_Games._But_only_athletes_who_have_reached_the_agreed_standard_for_their_event_will_be_admitted_as_competitors._There_are_some_volunteers_as_well_who_offer_help_for_the_Olympic_Games._The_motto_of_the_Olympic_Games_is_“Swifter,_Higher_and_Stronger”．二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空Ilovehelpingothers.Onedayoneyearago,Iwasonatourpromoting(促进)actsof__1__inDenver.ImetamancalledJamesMoss.JamesMosswasa(n)__2__fatherlivinginthecitywithhis2­year­oldson.WhenIfirstmetMoss,Ididnot__3__thefather'ssituation.AfterspeakingwithhimI__4__thatMosshadmovedfromNewYorktoDenveronlyafewdaysbefore.Iwas__5__toldhehadnThoughhehadnohomewithayoungchild,Mosshada__6__attitude.Heexplainedthathewashappyand__7__inside.Healsosaidhe'dchangehis__8__soon.Attheendofour__9__，IgaveMossD|S1,000andaweeklongstayina__10__withhisson.__11__weweretalking,Irecordedourtalk.LaterIpostedthevideoonYouTube.ButI__12__todomoretohelpthefather.I__13__aGoFundMecampaign.“Jamesisa__14__fatherandman，”Iwroteonthecampaignsite.“Let'smakekindness__15__tohimandhissonandshowhimsomeloveandthattherearestillgood__16__inthisworld.”Injustfivedays,morethanD|S35,000wasdonatedtothecampaign.I__17__allthemoneytoMoss.Withthatmoney,Moss__18__hislifeinDenver.Nowhehasa__19__andcanaffordanapartmenttoliveinandhissonisnowindaycare.I'msogladthatI__20__thismanandhisson.语篇解读：作者帮助了一位无家可归的父亲，让他跟他儿子过上了更好的生活。1．A.encouragement B．developmentC．happiness D．kindness解析：选D根据后文作者帮助JamesMoss的语境可知，作者是在促进“好心”行为。2．A.honest B．oldC．homeless D．terrible解析：选C根据本段末句“hehadn'tfoundahousetolivein”可知，JamesMoss是位“无家可归的”父亲。3．A.makeup B．hopeforC．referto D．knowof解析：选D作者跟JamesMoss不熟悉，一开始并不“知道”他的处境。4．A.wished B．guessedC．learned D．suggested解析：选C根据“Afterspeakingwithhim”可知，跟JamesMoss聊了一会后，作者“知道”了他的一些情况。5．A.hardly B．alsoC．still D．never解析：选B作者“还”被告知JamesMoss没有地方住。6．A.positive B．strangeC．disappointing D．friendly解析：选A根据“Heexplainedthathewashappy”可知，JamesMoss有着“乐观的”态度。7．A.brave B．peacefulC．surprised D．worried解析：选BJamesMoss有着乐观的态度，他的内心应该是“平静的”。8．A.attitude B．nameC．address D．situation解析：选D上文中作者和JamesMoss聊到了JamesMoss的处境，故JamesMoss应该说他会设法改变他的“处境”。9．A.story B．planC．chat D．tour解析：选C根据前文可知，作者跟JamesMoss在聊天，故这里是指“聊天”快结束的时候。10．A.street B．hotelC．factory D．school解析：选BJamesMoss跟儿子没地方住，作者应该安排他们在“宾馆”里住了一个星期。11．A.Before B．ThoughC．Unless D．While解析：选D这里是指当作者跟JamesMoss聊天的时候，顺便拍了视频，故选D项，表示“当……时”。12．A.decided B．fearedC．refused D．pretended解析：选A根据后文可知，作者“决定”做更多的事情来帮助JamesMoss。 B．startedC．improved D．found解析：选B为了帮助JamesMoss，作者“发起”了GoFundMecampaign。 B．boringC．great D．calm解析：选C为了能够帮助JamesMoss获得捐款，作者应该说他是一位“很好的”父亲。15．A.repeat B．moveC．spread D．happen解析：选D这里是指让善良的举动“发生”。 B．peopleC．ideas D．harvests解析：选BJamesMoss