2023成人学位英语考试阅读套题练习题附解析

第页共页2023成人学位英语考试阅读套题练习题附解析2023成人学位英语考试阅读套题练习题附解析ChokweSelassieisonamissiontohelpdriversavoidpotholes(路面坑洼).Theeighth-graderwasinspiredtokickoffhismissiononarecentmorning,whenhismotherwasdrivinghimtoschool.TheircarwasdamagedasitwentoverahugepotholeinthemiddleofthestreetintheirhometownofJackson,Mississippi.“IdecidedIwasgoingtodosomethingaboutthepotholeprobleminmycity,”Chokwesays.Hissolution:anappthatwarnsdriverswhenthereisapotholeahead.(80)Althoughtheappisn'tyetavailableforsale,Chokweisalreadylookingforwaystoimproveit.Theprototyperemainslimitedto10streetsinJackson,buthehopestoaddmore,sothatitincludeseverystreetinthecity.Andthenhewantstogoevenfarther.“Iwanttokeepworkingontheappuntilit'snationwide,”Chokwesays.1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ASolutiontoTrafficJamsB.AnApptoDetectPotholesC.PotholeProblemsinBigCitiesD.PoorRoadConditions答案解析：Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?(下面哪个选项是文章最适宜的标题?)答案为B(anAPPtodetectpotholes(检测路面有坑洼的APP))答题思路：利用文章主题词直接判断答案。文章中有明显文章主题词：APP(该词贯穿整篇文章出现)2.ThephrasekickoffinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto___.A.leaveB.inventC.beginD.shift答案解析：Thephrasekickoffinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto___.(第一段中的短语kickoff在意义上与哪个选项的意义最接近?)答案为：C(开场)文章中的相关句：ChokweSelassieisonamissiontohelpdriversavoidpotholes.Theeighth-graderwasinspiredtokickoffhismissiononarecentmorning,whenhismotherwasdrivinghimtoschool.(ChokweSelassie正在完成一项帮助司机们避开路面坑洼的任务(介词on在句中的意义为“正从事...(活动)”)。前不久的一个早晨他妈妈驾车送他去学校时，这个正在上八年纪的学生被(他妈妈)鼓励去...他的这个任务“，四个选项的意义分别为”分开，创造，开场，转变“，显然，”开场“在句中的意义最适宜，所以答案为”开场“。3.Peopleusethe311callsystemtoreport____.A.emergenciesB.terroristattacksC.non-emergenciesD.childabuse答案解析：Peopleusethe311callsystemtoreport___.(人们使用311系统来报告...。)答案为C(非紧急情况)文章中的相关句：Throughthecallsystem,citizensdial3-1-1toreportnon-emergencyproblems–whichincludepotholes.(通过这个系统，人们拨打311来报告非紧急问题其中包括路面坑洼的问题))。4.Theprototypefocuseson____streetsinJackson.A.10B.15C.20D.25答案解析：答案为A(10)5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Chokwedevelopedtheappallbyhimself.B.Peoplecanbuythisappfromtheonlinestore.C.Hismother'scarwasoncedamagedoverapothole.D.Theappworksbyusingthecity's911callsystem.答案解析：Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?(根据文章内容来看，下面哪个选项陈述的意义正确?)答案为C(他的妈妈的.汽车曾经被路面坑洼损坏过)。ItcameassomethingofasurprisewhenDiana,PrincessofWales,madeintriptoAngolain1997,tosupporttheRedCross'scaignforatotalbanonallanti-personnellandmines.WithinhoursofarrivinginAngola,televisionscreensaroundtheworldwerefilledwithimagesofherfortingvictimsinjuredinexplosionscausedbylandmines.“Iknewthestatistics,”shesaid.“Butputtingafacetothosefiguresbroughttherealityhometome;likewhenImetSandra,a13-year-oldgirlwhohadlostherleg,andpeoplelikeher.”ThePrincessconcludedwithasimplemessage:“Wemuststoplandmines.”Andsheusedeveryopportunityduringhervisittorepeatthismessage.But,backinLondon,herviewswerenotsharedbysomemembersoftheBritishgover____ent,whichrefusedtosupportabanontheseweapons.AngrypoliticianslaunchedanattackonthePrincessinthepress.Theydescribedheras“veryill-informed”anda“loosecannon(乱放炮的人)”.ThePrincessrespondedbybrushingasidethecriticisms:“Thisisadistraction(干扰)wedonotneed.AllI'mtryingtodoishelp.”Oppositionparties,themediaandthepublicimmediatelyvoicedtheirsupportforthePrincess.Tomakemattersworseforthegover____ent,itsoonemergedthatthePrincess'striphadbeenapprovedbytheForeignOffice,andthatshewasinfactverywell-informedaboutboththesituationinAngolaandtheBritishgover____ent'spolicyregardinglandmines.Theresultwasasevereembarrassmentforthegover____ent.Totryandlimitthedamage,theForeignSecretary,MalcolmRifkind,claimedthatthePrincess'sviewsonlandmineswerenotverydifferentfromgover____entpolicy,andthatitwas“workingtowards”aworldwideban.TheDefenceSecretary,MichaelPortillo,claimedthematterwas“amisinterpretationormisunderstanding.”ForthePrincess,thetriptothiswar-torncountrywasanexcellentopportunitytouseherpopularitytoshowtheworldhowmuchdestructionandsufferinglandminescancause.Shesaidthattheexperiencehadalsogivenherthechancetogetclosetopeopleandtheirproblems.6.PrincessDianapaidavisittoAngolain1997____.A)tovoicehersupportforatotalbanoflandminesB)toclarifytheBritishgover____ent'sstandonlandminesC)toinvestigatethesufferingoflandminevictimsthere答案：A此题考点出自第1自然段。“...madeintriptoAngolain1997,tosupporttheRedCross‘scaignforatotalbanonallanti-personnellandmines.”也就是说，Diana王妃访问Angola的目的是为了表达她支持完全制止地雷。7.WhatdidDianameanwhenshesaid“...puttingafacetothosefiguresbroughttherealityhometome.”(Line,Para1)?A)Shejustcouldn'tbeartomeetthelandminevictimsfacetoface.B)TheactualsituationinAngolamadeherfeellikegoingbackhome.C)Meetingthelandminevictimsinpersonmadeherbelievethestatistics.D)Seeingthepainofthevictimsmadeherrealizetheseriousnessofthesituation.答案：D此题考点出自第1自然段。“...likewhenImetSandra,a13-year-oldgirlwhohadlostherleg,andpeoplelikeher.就像当我见到一个断了腿的13岁的小女孩时，其他的难民也和她一样。”暗示了“Diana王妃看到的难民的悲哀场面使她意识到情况的严重。”8.SomemembersoftheBritishgover____entcriticizedDianabecause____.A)shewasill-informedofthegover____ent'spolicyB)theywereactuallyopposedtobanninglandminesC)shehadnotconsultedthegover____entbeforethevisit.D)theybelievedthatshehadmisinterpretedthesituationinAngola答案：B此题考点出自第3自然段。“herviewswerenotsharedbysomemembersoftheBritishgover____ent,whichrefusedtosupportabanontheseweapons.Diana王妃的观点没有得到某些英国政府成员的支持，而这些成员的观点是赞同地雷作为武器。”9.HowdidDianarespondtothecriticisms?A)Shepaidnoattentiontothem.B)ShemademoreappearancesonTV.C)Shemetthe13-year-oldgirlasplanned.D)Sherosetoarguewithheropponents.答案：A此题考点出自第4自然段。“ThePrincessrespondedbybrushingasidethecriticisms...”其中，“brushingaside”的意思是“不屑一顾”，也就是“paynoattentionto”。10.WhatdidPrincessDianathinkofhervisittoAngola?A)IthadcausedembarrassmenttotheBritishgover____ent.B)Ithadbroughtherclosertotheordinarypeople.C)Ithadgreatlypromotedherpopularity.D)IthadaffectedherrelationswiththeBritishgover____ent答案：B此题考点出自第7自然段。“Shesaidthattheexperiencehadalsogivenherthechancetogetclosetopeopleandtheirproblems.Diana王妃说这次经历同样是给了她时机去关心难民以及理解他们的困难。”也就是说，Diana王妃认为自己对Angola的访问让她与人民群众的心更加靠近了。AsyouarestudentsofEnglish,it'sverypossiblethatyou'llbeinterestedinEngland.That'swherethelanguagewasfirstspoken.ButEnglandisoftencalledbyothernames.ThisoftenconfusespeopleandIwonderifyouknowwhatthesenamesmean.So,nowIwouldliketotellyouaboutthismatterofnames.IbelievethatyouhaveheardpeopleusethenamesEngland,BritainorGreatBritain.Let'sseewhateachofthesenamesmeans.IfyoulookatamapofEurope,you'llseeagroupofislandsonelargerislandoffthenorthwestcoast,onesmallerandmanytinyones.ThesemakeupwhatiscalledtheBritishIsles.ThelargestislandoftheBritishIslesisBritain.ItisalsocalledGreatBritain.ThesmallerislandisIreland.Britainisdividedintothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland.Butsometimestheword“England”isusedinsteadof“Britain”.Whyso?Inancienttimes,whatisBritainnowusedtobethreedifferentcountries.Peopleinthesedifferentcountriesspokedifferentlanguages.Overmanyyearsthethreecountriesbecameone.Englandisthelargestandrichestofthethreeandithasthemostpeople.SotheEnglishpeopletakeitforgrantedthattheirownnamestandsforthewholeisland.11.Englishwasfirstspokenin______.A.BritainB.EnglandC.GreatBritainD.Ireland[答案]B【精析】【关键词】：^p语是wasfirstspoken.首先应迅速找出该词语在文章中的位置，确定该题的信息在文章的前两句中。只要读懂原文，仔细判断，就能找到正确答案B选项。12.Britainisdividedinto______.A.England,Britain,andWalesB.England,Scotland,andWalesC.Wales,Scotland,andGreatBritainD.GreatBritain,Wales,andScotland[答案]B【精析】该题所包含的信息在文章第三段第一句Britainisdividedintothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland中很容易找到答案，但选择时要细心。13.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Walesistherichestofthethree.B.Scotlandisthelargestofthethree.C.SometimesEnglandisusedinsteadofBritain.D.BritainistheonlynameofthelargestislandofBritishIsles.[答案]C【精析】考生应具备正确把握文中信息的才能，必须通过细心阅读和理解，迅速确定试题正确信息在文章中的出处。此题C选项的信息在第三段第二句话中可找到。同时也可用排除法做此类题。14.TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandis______.A.partofBritainB.partofBritishIslesC.theofficialnameofthewholecountryEnglandD.thelargestcountryofallmentionedinthepassage[答案]C【精析】通过文章中最后一段前两句的阅读和理解，可迅速确定“TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandistheofficialnameofthewholecountryEngland”是正确答案。A.WalesB.ScotlandC.NorthernIrelandD.TheRepublicofIreland[答案]DAsscientistslearnmoreaboutthecausesofearthquakes,theybeebetterabletopredictthem.Firstofall,theyknowthatquakesarelikelytooccurinareaswherethetectonicplates(地层地壳板块)pushagainsteachother.Theystudytheseareasclosely,usingdifferentinstruments.Theymeasurethevibrationsoftheearthwithseismographs(地震仪),whichrecordonrollsofpaperallmovements,bothlargeandsmall.ScientistsusuallyusetheRichterscale(里希特震级仪)namedafterafamousseismologist(地震学家),forthesemeasurements.Whenanearthquakemeasuresover4~5ontheRichterscale,itisstrongenoughtocausedamage.Scientistshavedeterminedthatanareaisnotlikelytohavealargeearthquakewhenmanysmallquakeshavebeenoccurring.Whenthesmallquakesstop,thenpressurebuildsandastrongquakeismorelikely.Thereareseveralotherwaystopredictearthquakes.Scientistscanmeasurethetinychangesinthetilt(倾斜)ofthelandthathappenbeforeearthquakesoccur.Increasesintheamountofradon(氡),asubstancefoundindeepwells,aswellasahigherlevelofwaterinthewells,canalsomeanthatanearthquakeislikelytooccur.Inaddition,scientistshavefoundthatsomeanimals,likedogs,behavestrangelybeforeanearthquake,theybeenervousandhowl(号叫).Seismologistshavecorrectlypredictedseveralearthquakes.In1975,theysaidthatanearthquakewouldoccurinLiaoningProvince,China,onemonth,andthenonehour,beforeithappened.In1978,RussianscientistspredictedanearthquakeintheAltaiMountainssixhoursbeforeitoccurred.However,notallearthquakesarepredictable,andasystemforpredictingisnotyetperfected.Nothingonthisearthiscertain.AlthoughpeoplewholiveinCaliforniaandJapanlivewiththepossibilityofaseriousquake,perhapsthenextstrongearthquakewilloccursomewhereoutsidethe“RingofFire”.16.AccordingtotheinformationinPara.1seismographis______.A.aputerlikeelectronicinstrumentforpredictingearthquakesB.aspecialinstrumentforrecordingandmeasuringthevibrationsoftheearthC.aninstrumentwhichseismologistsusetomakestudiesonthecausesofearthquakesD.aninstrumentwithwhichseismologistsmeasurethepressurebetweentectonicplates[答案]B【精析】文章第一段“Theymeasurethevibrationsoftheearthwithseismographs(地震仪),whichrecordonrollsofpaperallmovements,bothlargeandsmall.”故B正确。17.Accordingtothepassage,alargeearthquakeismostlikelytooccurinanarea______.A.whereaseriesofminorvibrationsoftheearthhavebeenoccurringB.thatiswithinthe“RingofFire”butdoesnotseeanyvibrationoftheearthC.wheremanysmallvibrationsoftheearthhavebeenoccurringandthenacalmperiodfollowsD.wheretectonicplatesfitintoeachotherproperly[答案]C【精析】第一段最后两句话“Scientistshavedeterminedthat...thenpressurebuildsandastrongquakeis