阅读理解猜测单词或短语的含义讲义 高三英语二轮复习

高考英语阅读理解复习猜测单词或短语的含义技巧具体说明。1.语境法①or,mean,otherwords,bedefinedas,bedescribedas,beseenas,referto,thatsay是通过破折号、冒号、括号、同位语（从句）或定语（从句）来表示的。例：...Yet“Apes”exceptionthantherule.fact,HollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalsOnenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsfilmedentertainment,keepingtabsonthan2,000productionsthisyear....aA.Listingcompletely.Directingprofessionally.Promotingsuccessfully.D.Watchingcarefully.好的对待，由此引发了动物权益保护主义者们的关注。1.本题应选D项。划线部分前面的定语从句解释了非营利组织的工作：监督在电影拍摄过程中动物是被如何对待的，故可推知划线部分与“监督相关，故选D②like,including,suchas,forexample,forinstance例：CertainformsofAIareindeedbecomingubiquitous.example,algorithms(算法)carryoutvolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets,self-drivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother....2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”Paragraph1probablymean?A.Enormousquantity.Changeabledaily.Stablequality.D.Presenteverywhere.用人工智能的前景。2.本题应选Dexample引出三个例子具体解释了划线单词所在句，我们可以据此来判断ubiquitousfinancialmarketsself-drivingcars（交通方面）和language（语言方面）。由此可知，第一句强调人工智能的影响范围广，在生活中“随处可见，故选D③通过对比关系猜测词义。用于表示对比关系的单词或短语有but,however,although,while,eventhough,contraryto,contrastto,insteadof,spiteof,ontheotherhand例：AccordingarecentstudytheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontraryexistingresearchthatshouldavoideatingheavierpeoplewhoorderportions(),it’sthebeanpolesbigappetitesreallyneedavoid....3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”paragraph1referto?A.eaters.Overweightpersons.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项关于就餐同伴会影响人们食物摄取量的研究。3.本题应选Dcontraryheavierpeople表示相反的含义，故选D例：Beforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.Theycanevendistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.Butwhencomesembryoniclearning(胎教),birdscouldruletheroost.AsrecentlyreportedAuk:OrnithologicalAdvances,motherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungsingevenbeforetheyhatch(孵化).New-bornchickscanthenimitatetheirmom’scallwithinafewdaysofenteringtheworld....4.TheunderlinedphraseParagraph1means“_____”.A.betheworstbethebestbejustasbadD.bejustasgood【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了鸟儿在胎教方面比人类更出色。4.本题应选B项。划线短语所在句中的But表明此句与前面的句子形成对比。通过对比婴儿出生前和鸟儿孵化出来前的能力可知，鸟妈妈在胎教方面表现得更好，故选B④通过因果关系猜测词义。用于表示因果关系的单词或短语有because,so,since,as,sothat,resultin,asaresult例：...DrSusanneShultz,anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyseekingenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere“alittledisappointing”.“Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittlecommunicate,orwearemissingalotoftheinformationcontainedtheirgesturesandactions,”shesaid.“Moreover,themeaningsseemnotbeyondwhatotheranimalsconveynon-verbalcommunication.seemstheremains.”5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gulf”thelastparagraphmean?A.Difference.Conflict.Balance.D.Connection.【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项关于黑猩猩交流所用手势的研究。5本题应选A项。最后一段承接上一段，介绍DrSusanneShultz对研究结果感到失望的Sothestudy...enrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage和themeaningsseem...non-verbalcommunication可知，对黑猩猩交流手势的研究丰富了我们对人类语言进化的知识，但黑猩猩交流手势所传达的含义和其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的含义似乎没什么不同。因此，人类语言和黑猩猩交流手势之间还是存在“差异的，故选A2.构词法阅读过程中猜测词义。例：...GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandtheretheYellowstoneareaandofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.the1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround....6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”paragraph2mean