大学体验英语综合教程2课后答案第三版(完整版)资料

大学体验英语综合教程2课后答案第三版（完整版）资料(可以直接使用，可编辑优秀版资料，欢迎下载）

大学体验英语综合教程2课后答案第三版（完整版）资料(可以直接使用，可编辑优秀版资料，欢迎下载）大学体验英语综合教程2课后翻译UNIT11AP154.1.elected,2.minimum,3.distinct,4.responsibility,5.pursue,6.exploit,7.restrict,8.equip,9.granted,10.awarded5.1.atlarge,2.onthebasisof,3.insupportof,4.applyfor,5.isaimingat1任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票(vote)。(beeligibleto)Anyoneovertheageof18iseligibletovote.2.每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(applyfor,scholarship)Aformtoapplyforthesescholarshipsissentbytheuniversitytoeachstudentbeforethestartofeachsemester.3.遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。(ontheadviceof)Ontheadviceofmydoctor,Idecidedtogiveupsmoking.4.公园位于县城的正中央。(belocatedin)Theparkislocatedrightinthecenteroftown.5.这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities)Theuniversityprovidesallthematerialsandfacilitieswedesire.1Bp2113.1.challenge,2.hadtransformed,3.engage,4.occurred,5.urged,6.cancel,7.prejudice,8.foundation,9.beliefs,10.constructive14.1.restswith,2.inrecognitionof,3.infact,4.providesfor,5.keep...up1.他内心深处知道，他们永远也不会再见了。(inone’sheart)Heknewinhisheartthattheywouldnevermeetagain.2.他们同意出版他的第一本书后，他终于感到自己快要成功了。(ontheroadto)Hefinallyfeltthathewasontheroadtosuccessaftertheyagreedtopublishhisfirstbook.3.他停下来喝了一口(asipof)水，然后继续讲话。(resume)Hestoppedtotakeasipofwaterandthenresumedspeaking.4.这个大项目使我们忙得今年都无法安排一次度假了。(engage;somuchthat)Thebigprojectengagesussomuchthatwecan’tmanagetotakeaholidaythisyear.5.氧气(oxygen)是气体中最重要的一种，正如水是液体中最重要的一种一样。(justas)Justaswateristhemostimportantofliquids,oxygenisthemostimportantofgases.UNIT22A4.1.version,2.publications,3.click,4.spotted,5.refugees,6.entries,7.financial,8.full-time,9.detailed,10.annual5.1.setup,2.cameacross,3.referred...to,4.checkout,5.learntof/learnedof1.警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。(fillout)Thepolicemenarebusyfillingoutformsabouttheaccident.2.我想在还车之前把油箱(fueltank)加满。(fillup)Iwanttofillupthefueltankbeforereturningthecar.3.如果你要投诉，最好遵循正确的程序。(followtheprocedure)Ifyouwanttomakeacomplaint,you’dbetterfollowthecorrectprocedure.4.要不是约翰帮忙，我们绝不会这么快就完成实验。(without)Wecouldn’thavefinishedtheexperimentsosoonwithoutJohn’shelp.5.暴风雨之后，岸边的人们焦急地搜索湖面以期发现小船的踪迹。(scanfor)Afterthestorm,thepeopleontheshoreanxiouslyscannedthelakeforanysignoftheboat那时他刚刚被提升为公司副总裁不久，所以他并没有期待六个月内还会有升职。2Bp4313.1.stressed,2.distinguished,3.invest,4.matured,5.covered,6.soured,7.concept,8.balance,9.discount,10.discipline14.1.paidoff,2.makeendsmeet,3.Tothisday,4.pickedup,5.thanksto1.没有身份证(IDcard)我不能放任何人进来，但对你来说是例外(exception)。(inone’scase)I’mnotsupposedtoletanyoneinwithoutanIDcard,butI’llmakeanexceptioninyourcase.2.他已经从失败中汲取教训，不会犯同样的错误。(learnalessonfrom)Hehaslearnedhislessonfromthefailureandwon’trepeatthemistake.3.我对你的能力很有信心，相信你一定能成功。(havefaithin)Ihavegreatfaithinyourability—I’msureyou’llsucceed.4.即使下着雨，我们还是继续比赛。(eventhough)Eventhoughitwasraining,westillwentonwithourmatch.5.我醒过来时，发现自己躺在医院的床上。(findoneselfdoing)Iwokeuptofindmyselflyingonahospitalbed.UNIT33A4.1.attractive2.fascination3.statement4.despite5.items6.define7.image8.concerned9.belongings10.necessities5.1.stepback2.identifywith3.dressingup4.turnedto/lookedto5.feedoff1.我们需要通过减少道路上的车辆以降低燃料消耗。(consumption)Weneedtocutdownonourfuelconsumptionbyhavingfewercarsontheroad.2.电费上涨增加了我们的负担。(addto)Theriseinpowercostshasaddedtoourburden.3.你应该自己判断行事，别总是跟在你哥哥的后面。(followthelead)Youshouldjudgebyyourself,andnotalwaysfollowyourbrother’slead.4.那种发型今年很流行，但是我想明年就会过时。(infashion)Thathairstyleisinfashionthisyear,butIamafraiditwillbeoutoffashionnextyear.5.在追求真理的过程中，我们注定(fateto)要遭受失败的痛苦。(inone’squestfor)Wearefatedtosufferfrommanyfailuresinourquestfortruth.3Bp6513.1.economic2.estimated3.measurable4.inspired5.maximize6.motivate7.created8.distribute9.concerning10.abuse14.1.byname2.identify(her)with3.participatein4.speakfor5.take(firm)action1.我发现量入为出地过日子越来越难了。(increasingly)Ifinditincreasinglydifficulttolivewithinmyincome.2.现代政治家们都试图以电视讲话来影响普通百姓。(reachout)ModernpoliticianstrytoreachouttoordinarypeopleintheirTVspeeches.3.应该帮助学生对人生采取积极的态度。(adopt)Pupilsshouldbehelpedtoadoptapositiveattitudetolife.4.希望全班同学参加这些讨论。(participatein)Everyoneintheclassisexpectedtoparticipateinthesediscussions.5.如果你犯了罪就必须受到惩罚。(crime)Ifyoucommitacrimeyoumustexpecttobepunished.UNIT44Abedthrough2.inanycase3.endedin4.boundfor5.onboard1.她在公共汽车站一直等到末班车进站。(comein)Shewaitedatthebusstopuntilthelastbuscamein.2.如果我们能帮得上忙，尽管和我们联系。(contact)Ifthereisanywaywecanbeofassistance,pleasedonothesitatetocontactus.3.他需要多少船务人员才能使他的游艇(yacht)航行？(crew)Howmanycrewdoesheneedtosailhisyacht?4.虽然她的新书没有上一本好，但是我还是喜欢它。(notquiteas)Ienjoyedhernewbookthoughit’snotquiteasgoodasherlastone.5.我从未遇到过如此善良的人。(neverbefore)NeverbeforehaveImetsuchakindperson.4Bhenickoftime/intime3.atplay4.headfor/makefor5.putaway1.公共汽车放慢速度并停下，让那位乘客上车。(slowdown)Thebussloweddownandstoppedtoallowthepassengertogetonboard.2.许多车子都驶过去了，可是没有一辆愿意让我们搭便车。(rollby)Manyvehiclesrolledby,butnooneofferedusaride.3.请勿践踏草地。(getoff)Pleasegetoffthegrass.4.他按妻子的吩咐，一下班就去了市场。(makeone’sway)Hemadehiswaytothemarketplacerightafterwork,ashiswifehadaskedhimtodo.5.值得庆幸的是，史蒂夫(Steve)从自行车上摔下来时没有摔断骨头。(luckily)Luckily,Stevedidn’tbreakanyboneswhenhefelloffhisbike..UNIT55Ap994.1.wassinking2.specialty3.purely4.discourage5.unlikely6.dynamics7.actually8.reasonably9.haveperceived10.extended5.1.tookadeepinterestin;2.fellinto;3.signup;4.try(it)out;5.droppedoutof1.我们得把感情放在一边，从专业的(professional)角度来对待这件事。(froma...standpoint)Wehavetoputasideouremotionsandtakeitfromaprofessionalstandpoint.2.这部戏非常精彩，我很快就沉浸于激动人心的剧情之中。(loseoneselfin)TheplaywassowonderfulthatIsoonlostmyselfintheexcitementofit.3.她没有什么爱好——除非你把看电视也算是一种爱好。(unless)Shehasn’tgotanyhobbies—unlessyoucallwatchingTVahobby.4.他说他是直接从市长本人那里得到这个信息的。(first-hand)Hesaidthathehadgottheinformationfirst-handfromtheMayorhimself.5.既然你不能回答这个问题，我们最好问问别人。(since)Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,perhapswe’dbetterasksomeoneelse5Bp10513.1.bound2.sustain3.obstacle4.restored5.approval6.shift7.emphasize8.undergo9.invincible10.appearance14.1.setout2.atatime3.in...shape4.stoppedshort5.turnedto1.由于公共汽车司机突然刹车(brake)，旅客们都不由自主地向前摔倒。(pitchforward)Allthepassengerspitchedforwardbecausethebusdriverbrakedsharply.2.这个协议将冲破对自由贸易设置的障碍。(breakthrough;obstacle)Thisagreementwillbreakthroughtheobstaclestofreetrade.3.我刚放下叫出租车的，车就来了。(soonafter)ThetaxiarrivedsoonafterIrangforit.4.在过去不管我什么时候到家，我父母总会等我。(nomatter)MyparentsalwayswaitedupformenomatterwhattimeIgothome.5.由于没有一方愿意让步，两个公司之间的对话完全破裂了。(breakdown)Talksbetweenthetwocountriescompletelybrokedown,becauseneitherofthemwantedtogivein.UNIT66Aerview6.survey7.exclusive8.storage9.observed10.cover5.1.count...out2.beunawareof3.stoppedinhistracks4.Attimes5.turn...around1.那件工作很难做，不过我想试试看。(haveashot)It’sadifficultjob,butI’dliketohaveashot.2.这是一本关于商务实践而非理论的书。(asopposedto)Thisisabookaboutbusinesspracticeasopposedtotheory.3.社会活动从未耽误她的学习。(intheway)Socialactivitiesnevergetinthewayofherstudies.4.直到1911年人们才发现第一种维生素(vitamin)。(Itisnotuntil...that)Itwasnotuntil1911thatthefirstofthevitaminswasidentified.5.很明显，自然灾害是造成这个国家经济危机的原因。(crisis)Naturaldisastershaveobviouslycontributedtothecountry’seconomiccrisis6Beoff5.trailanderror1.我们的婚姻很幸福，但我们也曾经历过许多坎坷。(upsanddowns)Ourmarriageishappybutwe’vehadmanyupsanddowns.2.许多外语教师常常在课堂上自己讲得太多。(beinclinedto)Manyteachersofforeignlanguagesareinclinedtotalktoomuchthemselvesinclass.3.那位著名演员每天早晨锻炼一小时以保持健康。(workout)Thefamousactorkeepsfitbyworkingoutforanhoureverymorning.4.与他促膝长谈之后，她的怀疑消失了。(meltaway)Afteralongheart-to-hearttalkwithhim,hersuspicionmeltedaway.5.目前我们没有职位空缺(vacancy)，但我们肯定会记住您的申请。(keepinmind)Wehavenovacanciesnow,butwe’llcertainlykeepyourapplicationinmind.授课题目：LanguageinMission授课时间：第____周第____周授课类型：理论课授课时数：4教学目的：Afterfinishingthisunit,studentswillbeableto:TotalkaboutwayoflearningEnglish;Getdeeperinsightsintothetext;Makecreativeuseofwords,phrasesandsentencepatterns;Beabletowriteanessaywiththreemainparts“introduction,bodyandconclusion”;Toreadwiththeskill“readingforthekeyideasinsentences”.教学重点和难点：Tofurtherunderstandthetext;Toapplythewords,phrasesandsentencepatterns.Toreadwiththeskill“readingforthekeyideasinsentences”;Towriteanessaywiththreemainparts“introduction,bodyandconclusion”;教学方法和手段：Variouskindsofteachingmethodsareused:Teachinginclass.Explaintheprofoundtheoreticalknowledgeinclass;Casestudy.Providecasestudyduringteaching,andmakethestudentstodiscussaboutthecase;BilingualandfullEnglishteaching;Applyingmodernmultimediateachingtechnologies;Takingadvantageofabundantnetworkteachingresources.教学内容和过程：SectionAAnImpressiveEnglishLessonStepOneWarming-upActivities30minutesLead-in:Discussthefollowingquestions:WhatarethekeyfactorsthathelppeoplelearnEnglishasaforeignlanguage?Goodcourse,excellentsyllabusbasedonsomeprinciples;

Highlydevelopedmethodologies,teachingfourprimaryskillsoflanguageacquisition;

Putthefourskillsintoadiscourse;

Analyzethreedifferentkindsofinteractions.DoyouhaveanyprobleminEnglishlearning?—Ialwaysfeelitdifficultto…

—It’snoteasyformeto…

understandwhatotherssay;

remembersomanywords;

learnthegrammar;

readquickly;

speakinpublic…DoyouthinkgrammarisimportantinEnglishlearning?—Yes.

Thebasicbuildingblocksofalanguage;

essentialforeffectivecommunication;

putthewordsintherightorder;

helptoconveycorrect,meaningfulmessage.

—No.

aslongasonecanunderstandwhatotherissaying;

dynamicandnolanguageisfixed;

speaktheirnativelanguagewithouthavingstudieditsgrammar.CulturalbackgroundAmericanuniversityeducation

1.WhatisCommunicativeLanguageTeaching?Atypeofteachingmethod;

Developthecommunicativeabilityaswellastheknowledgeofgrammar;Learningbydoing;

Makeclassroomsituationofrealforeignlanguageenvironment.

2.WhatarethefeaturesofCommunicativeLanguageTeaching?

Communicativecompetenceisthegoal;

Anintegrationofgrammaticalandfunctionalteaching;

Accuracyissecondarytoconveyingamessage;

Focusoncommunicativeandcontextualfactorsinlanguageuse;

Learner-centeredandexperience-based.

3.WhatistheroleofteacherinCommunicativeLanguageTeaching?

Afacilitatorofstudents’learning;

Amanagerofclassroomactivities;

Anadvisorofstudents’questions;

Aco-communicatorinthecommunicativeactivity.StepTwoTextStudy80minutesInteractivereadingofthetext1.ReadingcomprehensionWhatdoesthesonthinkofthefather?(Para.1)Atediousoddity:afatherheisobligedtolistentoandamanabsorbedintherulesofgrammar.Whywasthewritershockedbyhisstudent’sanswer?(Paras.2-4)

SheisunabletodescribeherexcursiontoEuropewiththerightwords.Whatconclusiondidthewriterdrawfromtheexampleofhisstudent?(Para.5)Studentsunfairlybearthebulkofthecriticismfortheseknowledgedeficitsbecausethereisasensethattheyshouldknowbetter.Whyshouldstudentsnotbeblamedfortheirlanguagedeficiency?(Paras.6-7)

Thelearningenvironmentismisleading.Whyshouldstudentsnotbeblamedfortheirlanguagedeficiency?(Paras.6-7)

Theyarenotlearningthelanguageadequatelyandefficientlyinschool.Howshouldgrammarbetaughtasfarasthewriterisconcerned?(Paras.8-10)

Grammarmustbehandleddelicately,stepbystep.Aneffectivewayofteachingcouldarousechildren’sinterestinlearningEnglishgrammar.

Anexample:agrammarlessonwithmyson

2.StructureofthetextIntroductionInhisson’seyes,thefatherisonewhohehastoobeyandanoddityabsorbedingrammar.(Para.1)

Hewasshockedbyhisstudent’sinabilityto

describeproperlyherexcursiontoEurope.(Paras.2-4)

Thesisofthenarration:Itisunfairtoblamestudentsfortheirlanguagedeficiency.(Para.5)

Body

Explainswhystudentsshouldn’tbeblamedfortheirlanguagedeficiencybyprovidingtworeasonsandoneexample.(Paras.6-10)

ElaboratestheimportanceofgrammarandvocabularyinlearningEnglish.(Paras.11-13)

ConcludingpartNarratesanotherincidentwherehissonunconsciouslyutteredagrammaticallyperfectsentencewithasubjunctivemood,whichmadetheauthorsoproudofhisson.(Paras.14-17)

3.SummaryoftheTextTomyson,Iama_____________:afatherheis__________listentoandaman____________therulesofgrammar.AndIgot______________thisbecausemystudentwasunabletodescribeproperlyherfeelingonher__________toEurope.

However,itdoesn’t________________tocriticizeourstudents.Theyunfairlybearthebulkofthecriticismforthese__________________becausethereisasensethatthey_________________.Ononehand,theyaremisledbythe____________.Ontheotherhand,schoolfailsto_________________theessentialframeworkoflanguage,accurategrammarandpropervocabulary.

Perhaps,languageshouldbelookeduponasa_________anda___________________:oftenstudytheroadmap(checkgrammar)and________thecarengine(adjustvocabulary).Learninggrammarandagoodvocabularyisjustlikedrivingwitharoadmapina________________car.__________,_________,and__________communicationdependsupongrammarandagoodvocabulary,thetwo__________assetsforstudents,buttheyare________________inschools.

II.LanguageFocusWordsandexpressions1.oddity:n.[C]astrangeorunusualpersonorthing怪人；怪物；奇特的东西Withhisneatsuitson,hefeltlikeanodditywalkinginthispoorneighborhood.穿着笔挺的西装走在这个贫民区里，他觉得自己就像个怪物。2.obligeThewordobligeismostcommonlyusedintheexpressionbe/feelobliged.1)be/feelobligedtodosth.指“感到有责任做某事”。例如：Hefeltobligedtohelphismother,evenifitmeantleavingcollege.他觉得有责任帮助母亲，即使这意味着他要离开大学。2)be/feelobligedtosb./sth.指“对某人或某事心存感激”。例如：Thankyouverymuch,doctor.Iamextremelyobligedtoyou.医生，非常谢谢您。对您，我深表感谢。3.Howwasit?:(spoken)oftenusedinconversationtoasksb.abouttheiropinionorexperienceofsth.怎么样？（口语常用表达，用于询问看法或经历）Didyouwatchthemovielastnight?Howwasit?你昨天晚上看那部电影了吗？感觉怎么样？IwastoldthatyouhadtraveledtomanyplacesinAsiarecently.Howwasit?有人告诉我你最近跑了亚洲的很多地方，旅行怎么样？4.fullof:(followedbyabstractnouns)feelingorshowingalotofparticularemotionorquality（感觉、表达或表现出）充满某种情感（特质）的fullofexcitement/energy/hope/happiness/praise充满兴奋/活力/希望/幸福/赞美Theteacherwasfullofpraiseforthehomeworkthatthestudentshaddone.老师对学生们完成的功课赞不绝口。Lucyisahappychildandalwaysfulloflife.露西是个快乐的孩子，总是充满了活力。5.“Itwas,like,whoa!”means“Itwasreallygreat!”.“Itwaslike…”isaninformalexpressioninconversation,verycommonforyoungpeoplewhoarelazyandincapabletoreferencetheirideas.Theexpressionisusuallyfollowedbyanadjectiveoranexclamation.Itwas,like,marvelous!简直奇妙极了！(Itwaslike)Whoa!Howcomeyougotahundredpercentcorrectonsuchahardtest?哇!这么难的考试你怎么都全答对了？Note:Whoaisspecificallyusedtoshowthatpeoplearesurprisedorthinksomethingisveryimpressive.Itcanbeusedindifferentcontexts.Forexample:﹒Todescribesomethingthatyou’renotquitesurehowtodescribe:Thatcarissocool,it’slike,whoa.Toexpresssurprise:Whoa!It’sreallyamazing!Toindicateadesiretoendwhatsomeoneistalking:Whoa,OK,that’senough.6.Andthatwasit.(Para.4)Meaning:Andthatwaseverythingshesaid,withoutevenmentioninganydetailsofherwonderfulexperienceinEurope.Thatwasit.:oftenusedinconversationtosaythatsth.iscompletelyfinishedorthatasituationcannotbechanged就这样（指某事彻底结束或形势不能更改）Thatwasit.Icouldnolongerhopeforapromotion,andmybossdidn’tevenwanttoseemeagain.就这样吧，我的升职再也没指望了，我的老板甚至不想再见到我。That’sit.Thereisnothingmorewecando.就这样吧，我们也再没有别的办法。7.distinguished,distinctive,distinct这三个词词形相近，但意思有很大的差别，不能互换使用。1)distinguished指“卓越的；杰出的；著名的”。例如：Hisgrandfatherhadbeenadistinguisheduniversityprofessor.他的祖父曾是一位杰出的大学教授。2)distinctive指“（特征、性格或外表）独特的，有明显不同的”。强调“表示差别的”、“有特色的”、“特殊的”。例如：Irenehadaverydistinctivevoice.艾琳有一个非常独特的声音。Canyoufindthedistinctivewatermarksofthisstamp?你能看到这枚邮票上明显的水印吗？PupilsinHongKongusuallyhavedistinctivebadgesontheirschooluniforms.在香港，小学生的校服上常戴有颇具特色的徽章。3)distinct表示“分明的；明了的；清楚的”。例如：Ihavethedistinctfeelingthatmyfrienddidnotrealizewhatwashappening.我明显感到我朋友并未察觉所发生的一切。ThephotoyoutookinHongKongCulturalCentreisnotdistinctenough.你在香港文化中心拍的那张照片不够清晰。Shehasadistinctpronunciation.她的发音清楚。Thereisadistinctsmellofsmokeinmyroom.我的房间里有一股明显的香烟味。distinct的另一个词义是“明显不同的；有区别的”。例如：Ourinterestswerequitedistinctfromthoseofthem.我们的兴趣与他们的兴趣截然不同。现将distinct和distinctive用在一个句子里，以便区分：Oneofthedistinctivefeaturesofthisbookisitsdistinctillustrations.这本书很明显的特点之一就是其具有清楚明了的图解。8.proclaim,claim1)proclaim是正式宣告或公开宣告，“宣告”的中文意思比“声明”要严肃。例如：Thegovernmenthasproclaimedanewlaw.政府已公布了一项新法令。Theyproclaimedthathewasatraitor.他们宣称他是叛徒。Theringingbellsproclaimedthebirthoftheprince.响亮的钟声宣布了王子的诞生。2)claim是根据权利声明，根据权利要求索赔，根据权利认领。(1)声称；断言；主张。例如：Theyclaimtohavediscoveredacureforthedisease.他们声称已经发现了治疗此病的方法。Sheclaimedthattheringwasstolen,notlost.她声言那只戒指是被偷的,而不是遗失的。(2)要求；索赔。例如：Theoldmanclaimedtheland.老人要求得到这块土地。Iclaimpaymentfrommyfriend.我要求我的朋友付款。9.exposure是动词expose的名词形式，动词expose常用于短语be/getexposedto中，表示“接触；体验”。例如：Somechildrenareneverexposedtoclassicalmusic.有些孩子从来没有接触过古典音乐。Havingbeenexposedtoallkindsofdangersintheforest,thegirlfelthelplessandbegantocry.那个女孩在森林里体验了各种危险后，感到很无助，就哭了起来。10.adequate,abundant1)adequate表示“在数量或质量上足以满足特定的标准”，强调刚好够用、没有多余。例如：Hedoesn’tearnalargesalarybutitisadequateforhisneeds.他挣钱不多，但也够用了。2)abundant表示“充裕；绰绰有余”，强调数量很多或充足有余。例如：Wehaveabundantproofofhisguilt.我们有他犯罪的充分证据。Collocationnote:InParagraph7,wehavetwocollocationpairswiththesameword:advanced/propervocabularyforourattention.11.adjust,adapt1)当表示“适应…环境”时，adjust和adapt差不多。常与to搭配。可以说adjust(sth./oneself)tosth.和adapt(sth./oneself)tosth.。其中adjust和adapt互为同义词。例如：OnceyougettotheUnitedStates,youwillhavetoadjustyourselftoacompletelynewlifestyle.一旦你到了美国，你就需要进行调整，以适应美国全新的生活方式。Thechildrenfoundithardtoadapttothenewschool.这些孩子们发现很难适应这所新学校。Thebodyadjustsitselftochangesoftemperature.身体会自行适应温度的变化。Intelligenceseekstograsp,manipulate,re-order,andadjust,whileintellectexamines,ponders,wonders,theorizes,criticizesandimagines.智力寻求的是理解、运用、整合和调节，而才学是审视、思考、探究、形成理论、批判和想象。2)adjust作及物动词用时，还有“调节；使…适合；校准”之意，而adapt不表示此意。例如：adjustaradio(dial)调准收音机的选台指针adjustcoloronaTV调整电视的色彩adjustone’stieinamirror照镜子整理领带adjustatelescopetoone’seyes调节望远镜使之适合眼睛观看adjustaclock调准时钟3)adapt作及物动词时，还有“（改装）使适合；改编”之意，其同义词是modify，不是adjust。例如：Theseteachingmaterialscanbeadaptedforolderchildren.这些教材修订一下可以给大一点的孩子用。Headaptedhisoldcarenginetotheboat.他把他的旧汽车上的引擎用到那只船上。12.beneficial常与to连用，引出对谁有利、有帮助、有用。例如：Cyclingishighlybeneficialtohealthandtheenvironment.骑自行车对身体和环境都大有裨益。Collocationnote:InParagraph7,wehavecomeacrosscompetentcommunicationandherewehaveprecisecommunicationandbeneficialcommunication.InParagraph2ofTextBcarefulreaderswillnotmissadequatecommunicationskills.Formorecollocationpairs,pleaserefertothenotesoncollocationforthisunit.Difficultsentences1.IfIamtheonlyparentwhostillcorrectshischild’sEnglish,thenperhapsmysonisright.Tohim,Iamatediousoddity:afatherheisobligedtolistentoandamanabsorbedintherulesofgrammar,whichmysonseemsallergicto.(Para.1)Meaning:Mysonisprobablyrightifthereisnootherparentlikemewhostillcorrectshischild’smistakesinEnglish.Tomyson,Iamaboringandstrangefather,whohehastolistento;Iamalsotheonewhopayslotsofattentiontogrammarrules,whichhedoesn’tseemtolike.2IthinkIgotseriousaboutthisonlyrecentlywhenIranintooneofmyformerstudents,freshfromanexcursiontoEurope."Howwasit?"Iasked,fullofearnestanticipation.2.ThecivilizationofGreeceandthegloryofRomanarchitecturewerecapturedinacondensednon-statement.(Para.4)Meaning:ThecivilizationofGreeceandthegloryofRomanarchitecturewerejustdescribedinonewordratherthanacompletestatementbecauseofherinabilitytochooseappropriatewordstoexpressherself.3.Mystudent’s“whoa!”wasexceededonlybymyhead-shakingdistress.(Para.4)Meaning:Myhead-shakingdistressatherinabilitytoexpressproperlywasevengreaterthanherslangtermwhoa,oneword,whichdidnotmakeanystatementtodescribethecivilizationofGreeceandthegloryofRomanarchitecture.Meaningbeyondwords:Thewordexceedstatesexplicitlythattheauthor’sworryabouthisstudent’slanguageinabilitywasmuchmoreintensethanherexcitement.4.Icarefullyasked,“Myson,howisthebirdflying?”“What’swrong?DidIsayanythingincorrectly?”Hegotlost.“Great!Yousaidincorrectlyinsteadofincorrect.Weuseadverbstodescribeverbs.Therefore,it’sflyingsounsteadilybutnotsounsteady.”(Para.8)Meaning:Onhearingwhathesaid,Iaskedhimcautiouslyhowthebirdwasflying.Mysondidn’thaveanyideaaboutwhatwaswrong,soheaskedifhesaidanythingincorrectly.Bypraisinghiscorrectuseofincorrectly,Iexplainedthatunsteadyisimproperlyusedbecauseanadverbisneededtodescribeaverb.Meaningbeyondwords:From“Icarefullyasked”and“Great”wecanseethewaythefatherusedtocorrecthisson’sgrammaticalmistakeisveryencouraging.5.Perhaps,languageshouldbelookeduponasaroadmapandavaluablepossession:oftenstudytheroadmap(checkgrammar)andtuneupthecarengine(adjustvocabulary).Learninggrammarandagoodvocabularyisjustlikedrivingwitharoadmapinawell-conditionedcar.(Para.11)Meaning:Maybe,youshouldregardlanguageasaroadmapandaverypreciouspropertyyouhave.Youshouldoftenlookattheroadmap(reviewgrammar)andmakesmallchangestoyourcarengine(improvevocabulary).Meaningbeyondwords:Theroadmapandthecarareusedmetaphoricallytomeanthatgrammarandvocabularyarepowerfuldevicesthatwillenableyoutofreelyexploreinthelanguageworld.6.Whiletheroadmapguidesyourjourneytoyourdestination,anexcellentvehiclehelpsyoutofullyenjoyallofthesights,soundsandexperiencesalongtheway.(Para.12)Meaning:Thoughtheroadmapleadsyoutotheplacewhereyouwanttogo,thewell-conditioned/well-tunedcar(vocabulary)enablesyoutocompletelyenjoyyourtripalongtheroad.Sentencestructurenote:whileWhilecanbeusedinaclausetointroduceinformationwhichcontrastswithinformationinthemainclause.Forexample:Whilemostpeoplelookforwardtoretirement,somecannotbearthethoughtofbecomingprofessionallyinactive.虽然大多数人盼望退休，可有些人想到没了工作就受不了。Whileaneffectivelanguageteachercanmaximizestudents’learning,acommittedstudentcanalwaysenjoylearning.虽然一个有效的语言老师能让学生最大限度地学到东西,但是一个孜孜不倦的学生总是能对学习乐此不彼。Thesouthofthecountrygrowsricherandricher,whilethenorthgrowspoorerandpoorer.这个国家的南方越来越富，但是北方却越来越穷。7.Iwas,like,whoa!(Para.17)Meaning:Iwasreallysurprisedandimpressedbymyson’sgrammarknowledge.Meaningbeyondwords:Thefatherwasveryproudofhisson.Theexpressionusedhereistocontrastwiththeonesaidatthebeginningofthetextwhentheauthordescribestheincapabilityofthestudent’slanguage.Thoughbothareinasurprisedtone,thepurposesareapparentlydifferent.Byreturningtothephrasefromthebeginningofthetext:“…,like,whoa!”,thefatherisplayingballwiththis“condensednon-statement”.Usingthiswordattheendofthetext,therefore,reflectstheauthor’sskillfullyexpressedhumor.StepThreeLanguageapplication45minutesWritingdevices:SimileSimileisafigureofspeechthatcomparestwodifferentthingsandthecomparisonisindicatedbythewordasorlike.

Examples:

Learninggrammarandagoodvocabularyisjustlikedrivingwitharoadmapinawell-conditionedcar.

Apoem:MyLoveIsLikeARedRedRose

我的爱人像朵红红的玫瑰

RobertBurns罗伯特·彭斯Practicea.生活像一具大秋千(swing)，总在开心和忧愁间摇摆(dangle)。

Lifeislikeabigswing,danglingbetweenthedepthsofhappinessandsadness.

b.生活没有目标犹如航行没有指南针(compass)。

Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.c.婚姻就像一座城堡(beleagueredfortress)，外面的人想进去，里面的人想出来。

Marriageislikeabeleagueredfortress:thosewhoarewithoutwanttogetin,andthosewithinwanttogetout.

2.Howtowriteacollegeessay:

Anessaynormallyhasthreemainparts:Introduction,bodyandconclusion.Introduction:Theintroductionpartisusuallyoneshortparagraphthatintroducesthetopictobediscussedandthethesisstatement.Athesisstatementcanbeanopinion,anattitudeorastandaboutthetopic.

Body:Thebodyisthemainpartofanessay.Itmaycontainseveralshortparagraphsthatusethedevelopmentmethodsofexamples,narrative,causeandeffect,comparisonandcontrast,classification,argumentation,etc