河北省衡水市桃城区第十四中学-学年高一英语暑假前第一次周测试题

PAGE14-河北省衡水市桃城区第十四中学2019-2020学年高一英语暑假前第一次周测试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5个小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）1.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Catchaflight. B.Pickuptheirson. C.Dealwithanaccident.2.HowdoesthemanfeelaboutLila?A.Bored B.Scared. C.Excited.3.HowdidthewomangettoBaltimore?A.Bytrain. B.Bybus. C.Bytaxi.4.Whereisthemangoingtomorrow?A.Totheschool. B.Tothebeach. C.Tothecinema.5.Whatdoesthewomanmainlytalkabout?A.Payingtosafety. B.LearninghowtodriveC.Buyingagoodbike.第2节（共15个小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面1段对话或独白,回答下列小题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inagiftshop. B.Inafoodstore. C.Inatravelagency.7Whatdidthewomanbuy?A.Acup. B.Ashirt. C.Akeychain.听下面1段对话或独白,回答下列小题。8.Whywasthewomangoingtocalltherepaircenter?A.Toseeifhercarisready.B.Toaskforanoilchange.C.Tocheckherbillprice.9.Whydidthewomanrefusetheman’soffer?A.Shecouldn’taffordtheservice.B.Shewouldnotbeabletopickupthecar.C.Sheneededthecarearlierthanitwouldbeready.听下面1段对话或独白,回答下列小题。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ashoppingtrip. B.Afamilyargument.C.Aworkingenvironment.11.Whatdoesthewomanprobablywantthemantodo?A.Dosomecleaning.B.Becarefulinhisjob.C.Takeoutthetrashinturn.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Brotherandsister.C.Managerandnewworker.听下面1段对话或独白,回答下列小题。13.Whatdoesthewatchlooklike?A.Thefaceofthewatchisblack.B.It’sgotaleatherwhiteband.C.Thefaceofthewatchissquare.14.WhendidHelen’sgrandpacometoEngland?A.Over50yearsago.B.Over60yearsago.C.Over20yearsago.15.WhyisthewatchspecialtoHelen?A.It’sworthalotofmoney.B.Hergrandpaleftittoher.C.It’sher21stbirthdaypresent.16.WhatcanweknowaboutHelen’sgrandpa?A.Hepassedaway2yearsago.B.Hegotthewatchfromhisfather.C.HecametoEnglandwithoutanymoney.听下面1段对话或独白,回答下列小题。17.Howisthenewlyprintedhousedifferentfrompreviousones?A.Itwasprintedinpieces.B.Itwasmadefromwastematerials.C.Thewholethingwasprintedatonce.18.Howmuchdoestheprinted400-square-foothousecostinCalifornia?A.$5,000. B.$10,000. C.$15,000.19.Whereweretenhousesprintedinjust24hours?A.InChina. B.InRussia. C.IntheUnitedStates.20.Howdoengineersthinkthenewtechnologycouldbeused?A.ToputbuildingsonMars.B.Torecycleoldmaterials.C.Toconstructbuildingsonthemoon.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10个小题；每题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下面短文，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A

SummerCourses2009SanDiegoSeasideCollegeisofferingoneandtwo-weekEnglishsummercoursesforhighschoolstudentsfromallovertheworldwhowanttoimprovetheirEnglish.Classesareofferedatfivelevels,frombasictoadvanced.Studentswillbetestedwhentheyarriveandplacedinthelevelappropriatetotheirlanguageability.Eachclasshasamaximumof14students.TuitionFees(学费)One-weekCourse(July26—August1):$310Two-weekCourse(July26—August8):$620Thefullpaymentmustbereceivedbeforethebeginningofthecourses.Accommodations(食宿)Weprovidehousing,includingbreakfast&dinner,7daysaweek.Singleroom:$250perweekTwinroom:$160perperson,perweekYoushouldreserveyouraccommodationsbeforeMay15andalltheaccommodationfeesmustbepaidinfullbeforeJune15.HowtoApplyFilloutanapplicationformandsendittousatesc@.CometoourcollegethissummerandmakeyourselfshineatEnglish.21.Theaimofthecoursesistohelpthehighschoolstudents_________.A.learnEnglishB.attendcollegeC.visitsomehighschoolsD.traveltoothercountries22.WhatarethetuitionfeesfortheOne-weekCourse?A.$160.B.$250.C.$310.D.$620.23.Ifyouwanttoapplyforthecourse,youshould_______.A.chooseacollegeB.reserveahotelroomC.checkwiththeteachersD.filloutaformandemailitBMeasles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled"herdimmunity",whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption(豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.24.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat____________.A.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrendB.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattentionC.anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasonsD.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly25.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen____________.A.exemptionsareallowedB.severalvaccinesareusedtogetherC.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedinD.newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws26.Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?A.Theoveruseofvaccine. B.Thelackofmedicalcare.C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.D.Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.27.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption.B.Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.D.Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.CStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.Whatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneof

Stein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts(收银台).Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslike

Stein

to

makethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshoppers

to

purchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergy

to

produceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeugly

to

lookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofall

garbage

onthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergy

to

make.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute(质疑)thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshoppers

to

usethesamereusablebagsforyears.28.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?A.Helpincreasegrocerysales. B.Recyclethewastematerial.C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks. D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.29.Whatdoestheword"headwinds"inparagraph2referto?A.Bansonplasticbags. B.Effectsofcitydevelopment.C.Headachescausedbygarbage. D.Plasticbagshungintrees.30.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?A.Theyarequiteexpensive. B.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.C.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags. D.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.第二节（共5个小题；每题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBecomeanActivistActivistsarepeoplewhoseetheneedforchangeanddevotetheirtimetodoingsomethingaboutit.___________31Ifyouareinterestedinityoucandoso.

___32___Thiscouldbeanythingfromastudentclubtoanationalorganization(liketheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionortheNationalOrganizersAlliance).Mostactivistorganizationsofferdifferentlevelsofinvolvement,soyoucandowhateveryoufeelmostcomfortablewith,whetherthatmeansattendingmeetingsanddemonstrationsorjustdonatingalittlemoneywhenyoucan.

Volunteeryourtime.Oneofthebestwaystomakeadifferenceistovolunteeryourtime.Reachouttoorganizationsinyourcommunitythatdoworkforyourcause,andaskhowyoucanhelp.

Donatemoneyorsupplies.__33___Ifyoucan’taffordtodonatemoneytoanorganizationthatsupportsyourcause,youmaybeabletodonateotherthingstheyneed,likeclothingorcannedfood.

Reachouttofamilyandfriends.Tellyourfamilyandfriendsaboutyourcause,andinvitethemtogetinvolved.Iftheyareinterested,shareliteratureaboutyourcauseorjusttalktothemaboutwhatyouhavelearned.___34___.

Promoteyourcauseonsocialmedia.Youcanusesocialmediatohelpkeepyourfriendsandfollowersinformedaboutthecausesyousupport.____35___Also,youcaninviteyourfriendstoattendeventsordonatetofundraisersforyourcause.

A.Takeclassesonissuesrelatedtoyourcause.

B.Joinanorganizationthatsupportsyourcause.

C.Theyaredrivenbypassionandavisionforabetterfuture.

D.Ifyoudovolunteerwork,invitethemtovolunteerwithyou.

E.Mostactivistsorcharitableorganizationsneedresourcestodotheirwork.

F.Postusefularticlesandwriteaboutwhatyouaredoingtostayinvolved.

G.Ifyoucan’treachouttotheminperson,thentryconnectingtopeopleonline.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）（共20个小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull

36

ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn'tacceptideaswhicharenot

37

onobviousfacts,andthereforerefusestoacceptauthority(权威)astheonly

38

fortruth.Healways

39

ideascarefullyandmakesexperimentstoprovethem.

Theriseof

40

sciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto

41

asfarbackasthe

42

ofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopher(哲学家)ofOxford,wholived

43

theyears1214and1292.HewasprobablythefirstintheMiddle

44

tosuggestthatwemustlearnscience

45

observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself

46

manyimportantdiscoveries.

Galileo,however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater(1564〜1642),wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen,

47

inItaly,France,Germany,orEngland,beganby

48

toshowhowmanyimportant

49

couldbediscoveredbyobservation.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore

50

towardstheearththansmallones,

51

Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothe

52

oftheleaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwo

53

stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo'sscience

54

of

goingdirecttoNature,andprovingour

55

andtheoriesbyexperiment,thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.

36.A.use

B.time

C.speed

D.trust37.A.worked

B.based

C.lived

D.written38.A.reason

B.cause

C.advice

D.result39.A.thinks

B.checks

C.has

D.learns40.A.natural

B.physical

C.ancient

D.modern41.A.date

B.keep

C.look

D.take42.A.study

B.time

C.year

D.birth43.A.both

B.each

C.between

D.among44.A.Schools

B.Ages

C.Days

D.Countries45.A.in

B.with

C.on

D.by46.A.did

B.made

C.took

D.gave47.A.who

B.when

C.that

D.where48.A.ways

B.degrees

C.levels

D.chance49.A.truths

B.problems

C.people

D.subjects50.A.slowly

B.rapidly

C.lightly

D.heavily51.A.although

B.because

C.when

D.if52.A.place

B.foot

C.top

D.ceiling53.A.big

B.small

C.equal

D.unequal54.A.spirit

B.skill

C.theory

D.discovery55.A.plans

B.opinions

C.world

D.ability第二节（共10个小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。C.V.Raman,agreatIndianphysicist,wasbornin1888.Hisfatherwasalecturerinmathandphysics,soC.V.Ramanwasexposed

____56______scientificthingsfromanearlyage.He____57______(attend)PresidencyCollegein1902,gettinghisBAin1904andMAin1907.Thoughhewasabrilliantstudent,thereweren’tmany_____58_____(chance)forscientistsinIndiaatthattime.____59______,afterfinishinghisstudies,hewenttoworkfortheIndianFinanceDepartmentandcarriedouthisexperimentalresearchonacoustics(声学).

He_____60_____(offer)aprofessorshipinphysicsattheUniversityofCalcuttain1917andstayedforthenext15years,____61______(achieve)fameforhisresearchthere.In1930,hewontheNobelPrizeforhisworkonthescatteringoflight.Ramanfound

_____62_____lightpassesthroughatransparent(透明的)sampleofasubstance,mostofthelightremainsunchangedbutasmallpartofithas_____63_____(differ)wavelengths.Thislateris____64______(know)astheRamaneffectandisusefulforphysicalandchemical_____65_____(analyse)ofgases,liquidsandsolids,includingbiologicaltissue.第四部分写作（共两节，满分45分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Jack想了解著名科学家屠呦呦的相关情况，请你根据以下要求给他写一封回信。姓名屠呦呦国籍中国职业兴趣爱好自幼热衷于传统中药主要经历1.1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波；2.1951年考人北京大学，主修制药专业；3.毕业后一直在专心于中医的研究；4.1972年成功发现并制成了能治疗拒疾的青蒿素；5.2015年10月5日，她被授予诺贝尔医学奖，成为中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性科学家。DearJack,IamgladtohearthatyouwouldliketoknowsomethingaboutthefamousscientistTuYouyou.Now,Iwillgiveyouabriefintroductionabouther.BorninNingbo,ZhejiangProvinceonDecember30th,1930,TuYouyou,afamousfemalepharmacologist,medicalexpertandscientist,wasenthusiasticabouttraditionalChinesemedicinewhenshewasyoung.In1951,shewasadmittedintoBeijingUniversity,majoringinmakingmedicine,Aftergraduatingfromtheuniversity,shehasbeenabsorbedinscientificresearchoftraditionalChinesemedicine.In1972,shesucceededindiscoveringanddevelopingQinghaosu,whichcouldcurepeopleofmalaria.Toourexcitementanddelight,shewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinMedicineonOctober5th,2015,becomingthefirstChinesewomantowintheNobelPrize.Wishyouallthebest!Yours,LiHua第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Amancamehomefromworklate，tiredandirritated(不耐烦的），tofindhis5-year-oldsonwaitingforhimatthedoor.“Daddy，mayIaskyouaquestion?”“Yeahsure，whatisit?”repliedtheman.“Daddy，howmuchdoyoumakemihour?”“That’snoneofyourbusiness.Whydoyouasksuchathing?”themansaidangrily.“Ijustwanttoknow.Pleasetellme，howmuchdoyoumakeanhour?”pleadedthelittleboy.“Ifyoumustknow,Imake$20anhour.”“Oh,”thelittleboyreplied,withhisheaddown.Lookingup,hesaid,“Daddy，mayIpleaseborrow$10?”Thefatherwasangry,“Iftheonlyreasonyouaskedthatisthatyoucanborrowsomemoneytobuyasillytoyorsomeothernonsense,thenyoumarchyourselfstraighttoyourroomandgotobed.Thinkaboutwhyyouarebeingsoselfish.Iworkhardeverydaynotforsuchchildishbehavior."Thelittleboyquietlywenttohisroomandshutthedoor.Themansatdownandstartedtogetevenangrieraboutthelittleboy'squestions.Howdareheasksuchquestionsonlytogetsomemoney?Afteraboutanhourorso,themanhadcalmeddown,andstartedtothink：Maybetherewassomethinghereallyneededtobuywiththat$10andhereallydidn’taskformoneyveryoften.Themanwenttothedoorofthelittleboysroomandopenedthedoor.“Areyouasleep,son?”heasked.“No,daddy,I'mawake,”repliedtheboy.“I’vebeenthinking,maybeIwastoohardonyouearliersaidtheman.“It’sbeenalongdayandItookoutmyangeronyou.Here'sthe$10youaskedfor.Thelittleboysatstraightup,smiling.“Oh.Thankyou,daddy!”Heyelled.Then,reachingunderhispillowhepulledoutsomecrumpled(皱皱巴巴的）-upbills.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；1.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:Theman,seeingthattheboyalreadyhadmoneystartedtogetangryagain,“Howcanyoubesoselfish?Whydoyouwantmoremoneysinceyoualreadyhavethesebills?”Thefathercouldhardlyholdhisangerbackandinquiredwithtwoeyebrowsknittedintoone.Withheld-backtearsinhiseyes,thelittleboyslowlyandcarefullycountedouthismoneysandthenlookedupathisfather,replying,“BecauseIdidn'thaveenoughbefore,butnowldo.”Paragraph2:Notknowingwhathissonmeant,thefatherjuststoodthere,waitingforhisboy’sexplanation.Wipingawayhistearsandaninnocentsmileappearingonhisface,theboyrequestedinarelievedvoices,“Daddy,Ihave$20now.CanIbuyanhourfromyou?Pleasecomehomeearlytomorrow.Iwanttohavedinnerwithyou.”Hearingtheboy’ssmallbutsincererequest,thefathercouldn'thelpsheddingtears.Realizinghewastoobusywithhisbusinesstosparesometimewithhisbelovedones,hegatheredhissonintohisarmsandapologizedagainandagain,“Sorry."andIpromiseI’llbebackearlytomorrow.”参考答案1-5BBACA6-10ABACC11-15BCCAB16-20ACBAC21-23ACD24-27ACDC28-30DAD31-35CBEDF36-40ABABD41-45ABCBD46-50BABAB51-55BCDAB56.to57.attended58.chances59.Therefore60.wasoffered61.achieving62.when63.different64.known65.analysis/analysesA篇.答案：21-23ACD解析：21.事实细节题。由第一句可知这一课程的目的主要是针对想提高英语的高中生而举办的,也就是想学英语的人,故应选A项。

22.事实细节题。由学费下面的"One-weekCourae(July26—August1):$310”可知C项正确。

23.事实细节题。由倒数第二句可知D项正确。B篇.答案：24-27ACDC解析：24.推理判断题。由第二段首句中的buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend可推知A项“少量的麻疹病例可以引发危险的趋势”正确。

25.细节理解题。由第三段首句“Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.”可知C项“整个街区都包含在内”正确。

26.推理判断题。通读文章可知,麻疹卷土重来的主要原因是有些人抵制疫苗,故选D项。

27.主旨大意题。很多人决定不接受麻疹疫苗,结果引起麻疹疾病的爆发,由此可知本文的目的是强调疫苗的重要性,故选C项。全文翻译

麻疹曾经导致每年450名儿童死亡、让甚至更多的人残疾。14年前,在美国通过麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹的混合疫苗的普遍使用几乎消除了麻疹。但是因为越来越多的反疫苗运动和正在迅速传播的错误信息,这种疾病正卷土重来。今年,已经有115例麻疹病例出现在美国,而去年整年为189例。

这个数字可能听起来很小,但却是危险趋势的前沿。当疫苗接种率很高时,因为总的来说在全国范围内疫苗接种率仍比较高,所以每个人都受到保护。这被称为“群体免疫”,它保护那些容易受伤的人,包括那些因医疗原因不能接种疫苗的人、因年纪太小而不能接种疫苗的婴儿以及那些疫苗不起作用的人们。

但只有当几乎整个群体加入时,群体免疫才会起作用。当一些人拒绝接种疫苗并寻求搭顺风车的时候,免疫力失效了,每个人都面临更大的危险。

那正是这个国家从加州奥兰治县到纽约州的布鲁克林的小社区所发生的事情。在奥兰治县本月有22例麻疹病例被报道。去年,在布鲁克林,一名17岁的少年导致疫情的爆发。

对疫苗的耐药性已经持续了几十年,它是由确实存在但非常小的风险驱动的。那些自私而不愿冒那种风险的人会让别人受苦。

也有州法律把事情弄得更糟.这些法律容易让父母决定所有进人幼儿园的儿童不参加本应需要的疫苗接种。十七个州允许孩子的父母得到豁免,有时仅仅通过签署文件说他们个人反对疫苗。

现在,有几个州正在通过增加限制决定不参加疫苗接种的新条例来收紧法律。但没有人做足够的事情来限制豁免。

父母应该只能选择有限的医疗或宗教原因决定孩子不参加疫苗。但涉及个人的意见呢?不够好。每个人都享受疫苗提供的拯救生命的好处,但只有每个人都承担风险,他们才会生存下去。C篇.答案：28-30DAD解析：28.D〔提示:细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段最后一句可知塑料袋生产商雇用StevenStein是为了证明他们的产品片不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害.是对塑料袋被禁用的解释和争论,故选D。〕

29.A〔提示:词义猜测题。上文介绍在许多美国大城市塑料袋被禁用.看到这种现状,塑料袋生产商雇用StevenStein等科学家是为了证明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害。headwinds"逆风",此处指塑料袋被禁用的现状,即Bansonplasticbags,故选A。〕

30.D〔提示:细节理解题。根据第四段However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.可知塑料袋生产商认为生产耐用且能重复使用的袋子需要更多的能源,故选D。〕七选五.答案：CBEDF解析：31.空前一句讲活动家是看到变革需要的人，他们为此奉献时间。由此可知C项“他们是由激情和对更美好未来的憧憬驱动的”与此联系紧密。C项中的They指的就是Activists。故选C。

32.本空是本段的主旨句。根据本段中多次出现的organization可知，本段主要讲你可以加人一个支持你事业的组织。故选B。

33.本段主要讲应捐钱或物资。E项说明了活动家应捐钱或物资的原因。故选E。

34.根据本段主旨句“Reachouttoyourfamilyandfriends”可知，D项“如果你做志愿工作，邀请他们和你一起”符合文意。故选D。

35.由本段主旨句“在社交媒体上宣传你的事业”并结合选项可知，F项“发布有用的文章，并写下你正在做的事情来参与其中”符合文意。完形填空：36-40ABABD41-45ABCBD46-50BABAB51-55BCDAB解析：36.A〔提示:makefulluseof充分利用。句意为“他允分利用他所巧察到的事实。”。〕

37.B〔提示:bebasedon/upon以为基础:基于。句意为“他从不接受没杏依据于观察事实基础上的理论。”。〕

38.A〔提示:根据句子意思.此处是指“不能接受某种权威来说真理的合法性”,应用reason。〕

39.B〔提示:checkv.证明无误,核对无误。句意为“他总是认真核实想法并通过做实验来证明它们。”。〕

40.D〔提示:根据下文的内容可以判断出,在此处是要表达modernscience(现代科学)的意思。〕

41.A〔提示:dateback是间定同组,意为“回溯至”。〕

42.B〔提示:根据文意判断,此处用time(时代,年代)。〕

43.C〔提示:根据文意判断,此处用between与and连用,表示“在...和...之间”〕

44.B〔提示:theMiddleAges意为“中世纪,中古时代”。〕

45.D〔提示:表示通过某种方式用by。根据文意判断我们必须通过观察和实验来研究在我们周围的事物进而得知科学。〕

46.B〔提示:makeadiscovery为固定搭配。〕

47.A〔提示:who在此引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词greatmen,且在从句中充当主语成分,指人。〕

48.B〔提示:bydegrees为固定词组,意为“逐渐地”,相当于gradually。〕

49.A〔提示:truth意为“事实,真理,原理”。文中重点说明通过观察而获得真理是至关重要的,故选A。〕

50.B〔提示:rapidlyadv.快,迅速地。〕

51.B〔提示:根据句子意思,应为because。〕

52.C〔提示:topn.顶,顶端,根据文意指走到比萨斜塔的最顶端,从高处抛物。〕

53.D〔提示:unequal+相等的;不对称的。根据物理常识,大家都知道伽利略是如何做此次实验来证明亚里士多德的说法是错误的。〕

54.A〔提示:sciencespirit科学精神。本文旨在通过具体的事实来证明伟大的科学家是如何坚持真理的,歌颂了他们的科学精神.也是我们应该好好学习的。〕

55.B〔提示:opinion意为“观点”;plan意为“计划”;world意为“世界”;ability意为“能力'此处根据句意判断用opinions。〕语法填空;答案：56.to57.attended58.chances59.Therefore60.wasoffered61.achieving62.when63.different64.known65.analysis/analyses

解析：本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了著名的印度物理学家C.V.Raman。1.

to考査固定搭配exposedsb.tosth.意为"使某人接触某物,使某人体验某物",此处是其被动形式,故填to。2.

attended考査时态。由句中的时间状语可知应用一般过去时。3.

chances考査名词复数。根据空前的many可知,此处要用名词的复数形式。4.

Therefore考査副词。根据语境可知,上下文之间是因果关系,故填Therefore。5.wasoffered考査动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知,此处表示"他被提供",而且是发生在过去的事情,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。6.achieving考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,He与achieve之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故此处需用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。7.

when考査状语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导时间状语从句,故填when。8.different考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知,此处要用形容词修饰名词wavelengths。9.

known考査非谓语动词。beknownas"作为而出名",为固定用法,故填known。10.analysis/analyses考査词形转换。根据空前的形容词和空后的可知,此处要用名词形式。答案：B解析：W:Doesitusuallytakethislongtogettotheairport?M:No,theremustbeanaccident.Trafficisn’tnormallythisbadonthisroad.Ihopewemovesoon.I’mexcitedtoseeourson.答案：B解析：W:I’mexcitedtoshowyouLila.Shedoesnotbite,Ipromise.Isn’tshesocute?M:No!Keepitawayfromme!Pleaseleaveitinthecage!Snakesaresoterrible!答案：A解析：M:WelcometoBaltimore!I’llbetyousleptwellafterthatlongbusridefromCharlotte.W:Actually,Ididn’ttakethelong-distancebus.Ihadanice,relaxingtrainride.ThenItookacabtomyhotel.4.答案：C解析：W:Howisthereonlyonemoreweekofsummervacationbeforewehaveschoolagain?Ihaven’tevenbeentothebeachyet.Canwegotomorrow?M:I’dloveto,butIpromisedSadieI’dgotothemovieswithher.5.答案：A

解析：W:It’sextremelyimportanttowearyourseatbeltwhendriving.M:Evenwhenit’sjustthroughtown?Ihatethewayitrubsagainstmyneck.W:Yes,itcouldsaveyourlifeoneday.Andwearyourhelmetwhileyou’reonyourbicycle,too.第6段材料：答案：6.A;7.B

解析：W:Excuseme,doyouhaveanythingtoeatinhere?Likesnacks,drinks,thatkindofstuff?M:I’msorryma’am,butwedohavesomesouvenirwaterbottlesforonlytwodollars.Ifyoupurchaseoneofourtwenty-dollarshirts,we’llgiveyouonewaterbottleforfree!W:Iwaslookingtobringbacksomethingfrommytravels…howmucharethesecups?M:Tendollarseach,andthekeychainsbesidethemarefivedollarseach.W:Well,Ionlyhaveroominmybagforonething,soI’lltaketheshirt.M:Enjoyyourfreewaterbottle!第7段材料：答案：8.A;9.C

解析：M:Hello?ThisisChevroletvehiclerepaircenter.Yourcarisreadytobepickedup.W:Goodmorning,that’sgreat!Ijustgothomeandwasabouttocallaboutthesamething.M:Wereplacedoneofyourwheels.Youmaywanttoconsidergettinganoilchangesoon.It’sokayfornow,butIrecommendit.W:IfyouthinkIshoulddoitsoon,wouldyoubeabletodoitnow?M:Thatwouldn’tbeaproblem.Icanaddthatservicetoyourbill.Itwillcost$115andyourcarwillbereadyintheevening.W:Ohno,IthinkI’llhavetosaveitforanothertime.Ineedtopickupmykidsthisafternoon.第8段材料：答案：10.C;11.B;12.C

解析：W:Wecareaboutqualityhere,notjustabout