2023学年完整公开课版复杂句

MainlyRevisionofJuniorEnglishJuniorThreeComplexSentences

TheComplexSentencesinJuniorEnglish:

初中英语教材中涉及到的复合句主要有：TheObjectClause(宾语从句)、TheAdverbialClause(状语从句)

和

TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)。其它诸如主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等形式的复合句尽管在教材中也有出现，但在中考中没有被列为重点考查范围。Choosetherightanswers(抢答题)()1.Thevisitorwantstoknow____fromDongguantoGuangzhou.A.howfaritisB.howfarisitC.howlongitisD.howlongisit()2.Couldyoutellme________?

A.whoyouarewaitingfor

B.whowereyouwaitingfor

C.whereyoulivein()3.Doyoustillremember_______?

A.thathesaidB.whathesaidC.whatdidhesayAAB()4.Heaskedme________duringthesummerholiday.A.wherehadIgoneB.whereIhadgoneC.whereIhadbeenCⅠ.TheObjectClause(宾语从句)

宾语从句是英语复合句中用来充当宾语的句子。

宾语从句一般由“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”构成，其语序是陈述句语序.Shesaid(that

shewasfromTCL.)

主句引导词主语谓语

1.that+陈述句的宾语从句主句的谓语动词是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等时，或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid,glad,sure,sorry等作表语的系表结构时，后面常接that引导的宾语从句。例如:Hesays

that______________________.

(他想要和你通话)I’msorry(that)___________________

他现在不在这里

that本身无意义,不充当任何成分,常被省略hewantstospeaktoyou.heisn’thererightnow.Note:

1.宾语从句的否定转移：主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。如：我认为鸡不会游泳。

Ithinkchickenscannotswim.()Idon’tthinkchickenscanswim.()此外，上述情况在变成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加疑问句要看主句。试比较：

Ithinkheiswrong,_________?

Hethinksheisright,___________?isn’thedoesn’theBack2.if/whether+一般疑问句的宾语从句

if/whether都可作宾语从句的引导词，意为“是否”，在一般情况下可以互换。if

多用于口语和非正式文体中;whether则多用于比较正式的文体中。如：

Sheaskedmeif/whether________________.

我是否能帮助她

Idon’tknowif/whether__________________

是否将要下雨用陈述句语序Icouldhelpheritisgoingtorain.BackNote:只用whether的四种情况：2.直接与ornot连用时

Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.1.在介词后

I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.3.Whether+动词不定式

Checkthepricesbeforeyoudecidewhethertobuyone4.宾语从句提前时只能用whether

Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.Back3.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,wherehow,why+特殊疑问句的宾语从句

例如:

Doyouknow___________________________?

谁下午将要来

Didyouhear______________?

她说过什么吗

Wedidn’tknow_________________________

她将什么时候回来

Whowillcomethisafternoonwhathesaidwhenshewouldcomeback.连接代词/连接副词在宾语从句中充当一定的子成份,不能省略(主语)(宾语)(状语)二、考点：*1.宾语从句的引导词*2.从句中的语序为陈述语序；*3.从句中的时态与主句时态前后呼应如:

()I’dliketoknow_____ornot.(2003年中考)A.whetherwillhecomeB.whetherhashecomeC.whetherhewillcomeD.thathewillcome

C

关于宾语从句的时态对应*特别要注意的是当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制Hesaysthathe______toseehimassoonaspossible.(want)Hesaidthathe______toseehimassoonaspossible.(want)Theteachertoldusthattheearth____roundthesun.(go)wantswantedgoes

主句从句

1、一般现在时A.过去的某一种时态

2、一般过去时B.根据句意选择时态

1995----2005年中考关于宾语从句的考题1.Canyoutellmewhy___yesterday?(95年)A.hedidn’tcomeB.didhenotcomeC.didn’thecome2.Heasked___________.(96年)A.whyshecameB.whydidshecameC.whyshecomes3.Iwanttoknow_____.(97年)A.whattimedoesthetrainarriveB.whattimewillthetrainarriveC.whattimethetrainwillarriveAAC

4.Doyoustillremember___?(99年)A.whatdidhesayB.thathesaidC.whathesaid5.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme____?(2001年)A.whereisthezooB.WherethezooisC.wherethezoo6.Wecouldn’tfindout___,sowegaveittotheteacher.(2002年)A.whosepenwasitB.whosepenitwasC.itwaswhosepen7.--Excuseme.Doyouknow____?--I’msorry.I’mnewhere.(2005年)A.WhereisthenearestbusstationB.wherethenearestbusstationisC.WherethenearestbusstationwasCBBB

宾语从句小结1、_________引导陈述句。2、__________引导特殊疑问句。3、__________引导一般疑问句。4、宾语从句要用__________语序。5、主句、从句时态要对应。that特殊疑问词if/whether陈述句Ⅱ.TheAdverbialClause(状语从句)

状语从句是副词性从句，其句法功能是修饰谓语或整个句子等，在句中作状语，通常由从属连词引导。When

yougetoffthebus,youmustn’tpushothers.

(时间状语从句)主句Mymotherwillcome

if

itdoesn’traintomorrow.

主句(

条件状语从句)1.由when,while,before,after,until,assoonas

not….until引导的时间状语从句)

1)________________________,youmustn’tpushothers.

当你下车时

2)Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfast________________________________在他们上学之前WhenyougetoffthebusbeforetheywenttoschoolTheytalkedabouttheparty

___________________

在人们离开后

afterthepeopleleft.

4)Iwillwait__________________________.

直到他来为止untilhecomes

e.g.Shewon’tgotobeduntilshefinishesherhomework.

5)Introducedbyassoonas

(表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后，意为“一……就”。)e.g.MybrotherwentoutassoonasIgothome.

Note:在时间状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态应按下列规律确定。1)主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时：e.g.Theboywillbeawriterwhenhegrowsup.2)主句含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时：e.g.Whenthelightsarered,thetrafficmuststop.3)主句为祈使句时，从句用一般现在时：e.g.Pleasedon’tgotobedbeforeyoufinishyourhomework.4)主句为一般过去时，从句也用过去时态：e.g.IlikedreadingwhenIwasyoung.

B)TheAdverbialClauseofPlace(地点状语从句)

1)Introducedbywheree.g.Putthemedicinewhereyoucaneasilygetit.2)Introducedbywherevere.g.I’llgo

whereveryougo.C)TheAdverbialClauseofManner(方式状语从句)1)Introducedbyase.g.I’lldoallthethingsasyoutoldme.2)Introducedbyasif/though(可用陈述语气表示符合事实的情况，也可用虚拟语气表示与事实相反的情况)e.g.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Helooksasifhewereyoung.3)Introducedbythewaye.g.Idon’tlikethewayhetalks.D)TheAdverbialClauseofReason(原因状语从句)

1)Introducedbybecausebecause语气最强，它着重说明原因。用why提问的问句必须用because回答，不能用as,since；

e.g.--Whydidn’thecome?--Because

hewasill.

2)Introducedbysincesince语气比较弱，表示关系上的自然结果，尤其用于对已经清楚了的因素，常译成“既然”，“鉴于”，通常从句放在主句前；

e.g.Since

alotofpeoplemakemistakesinlife,MrSmithwantedtogiveJohnachance.

3)Introducedbyas

as语气最弱，只表示一般的因果关系，从句放在主句前或后均可；e.g.As

hedidn’tknowthemeaningoftheword,helookeditupinhisdictionary.

Note:for是并列连词，引导的句子不置于句首，是一种非直接的、随便附加说明的理由或推断。e.g.Theoilmustbeout,for

thelightwentout.

E)TheAdverbialClauseofCondition(条件状语从句)1)条件状语从句通常由if或unless(=ifnot)引导，从句中常用一般时代替将来时，即if或unless后的句子谓语用一般现在时或一般过去时。但是，主句则通常用将来时，情态动词或祈使句。

e.g.Ifhedoesn’tcomeontime,wewon’tknow

whattoknow.Hemustcomeifheistold.

Pleaseletmeknowifhecomesback.

I’llgothereunlessitrains.

2)If条件句的替代形式：

（1）祈使句

+and/or+陈述句（谓语动词通常用将来时态）。其中，and表示句意顺承；or表示转折，意为“否则”。

e.g.Ifyouworkhard,you’llpasstheexameasily.=Workhard,andyou’llpasstheexameasily.Ifyoudon’tworkhard,you’llfallbehindothers.=Workhard,oryou’llfallbehindothers.

（2）用介词with,without的替代形式：

e.g.Ifthereisnowater,thefishmaydie.=Fishmaydiewithoutwater.Ifyouhelpme,I’llfinishmytaskontime.=Withyourhelp,I’llfinishmytaskontime.F)TheAdverbialClauseofConcession(让步状语从句)

1)Introducedbythough/althoughe.g.Thoughhetriedmanytimes,hefailedtoworkitout.2)Introducedbywh-evere.g.Whateverhesays(=Nomatterwhathesays),don’tbelievehim.

3)Introducedbyevenif/eventhoughe.g.Evenifheispoor,shelovesherhusband.(Hemaybepoor,yetsheloveshim.)即使他穷了，她也仍然爱他。

Eventhoughheispoor,shestilllovesherhusband.(Heispoor,yetsheloveshim.)尽管他穷，但她仍然爱他。G)TheAdverbialClauseofResult(结果状语从句)

1)Introducedbysothate.g.Therearebigtreesaroundthehousesothatitcanhardlybeseenbypassers-by.2)Introducedbyso…that/such…thate.g.HewalkedsofastthatIcouldn’tkeepupwithhim.Hemadesuch

agoodreportthateverybodywaspleased.H)TheAdverbialClauseofPurpose(目的状语从句)

1)Introducedbysothat

e.g.Hegotupmuchearlierthanusualsothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.2)Introducedbyso…thate.g.Heexplaineditsoclearlythat

hewantedeveryoneofustounderstandhimbetter.I)TheAdverbialClauseofComparison(比较状语从句)

1)Introducedbyas…as/notso…as;than…

e.g.ThisquestionisnotsodifficultasIthought.Thefilmismuchbetterthanweexpected.2)IntroducedbyThemore…,themoree.g.Themoreheheardthesong,thelesshelikedit.状语从句中考题练兵：一、单项选择()1.Somebodyrangmeupjustnow,buthehungup

Icouldanswerthephone.(无锡)A.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since()2.MrSmithusuallyreadsanewspaper

he’swaitingforthebus.(徐州)A.ifB.theC.becauseD.while()3.Youmustleaveherenow

yourmothercangetsomemorerest.(常州)A.becauseB.thoughC.sothatD.so()4.Themeetingis

importantthatyoumustn’tmissit.(盐城)A.veryB.suchC.soD.too

CDC

C()5.–I’mgoingtothesupermarket.--

youarethere,wouldyoupleasebuymesomevegetables?(镇江)A.IfB.BecauseC.WhileD.After()6.–Doyouknowwhathedidallday?(镇江)--Hespentasmuchtimeplayingashe

.A.studyingB.wasstudyingC.studiedD.didstudying()7.IfMg

inO2,we

MgO,andit

combinationreaction(化学变化).(泰州)A.willburn,get,callsB.burns,willget,calledC.willburn,canget,iscallingD.burns,willget,iscalled()8.

hetalkedwithherforalongtime,hefailedtoconvince(说服)her.(黄冈)A.ThoughB.ButC.SinceD.AsCDDA

二、同义句改写1.

Whereverheis,hecanmakehimselfathome.(广州)

heis,hecanmakehimselfathome.2.

MissSmithlefthereaftertherainstopped.(淮安)MissSmith

leavehere

therainstopped.3.

Ifyouworkhard,youwillpasstheexam.(盐城)

,andyouwillpasstheexam.4.

Tomwastoohappytogettosleep.(大连)Tomwas

happy

hecouldn’t

.5.

Getoffthebuswhenthedrivertellsyou.（宁夏）

Don’tgetoffthebus

you___________________.

Nomatterwheredidn’tuntilWorkhardsothatfallasleepuntilaretoldto三、根据汉语提示,完成句子.1.你看的历史书籍越多，你了解的知识就越多。

（无锡）

,themoreknowledgeyou’llget.2.他是一个好人，与每个人都相处的很好。（常州）Heissuchakindman

.3.山姆一拿到新书就迫不及待地看了起来。（连云港）Samcouldn’twaittoreadthenewbook

.4.尽管学电脑花费许多时间，但我认为学好它还是有用的。（南京）

,Ithinkitusefultolearncomputerwell.5.

看起来要下雨了。（甘肃）

Itlooks

.

Themorehistorybooksyoureadthathegetsonwellwitheveryone

assoonashegotitThoughittakesmuchtimeasifit’sgoingtorainⅢ.TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对其先行词起限定作用。

ThisisTom.Tomgaveusatalkyesterday.----ThisisTom

who(that)gaveusatalkyesterday.

先行词

定语从句

引导定语从句的关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which

引导定语从句的关系副词有：where,when,why

一

、who,whom,whose引导的定语从句

1.who在从句中作主语，不可省略，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人。e.g.Thisisthedoctorwho

cameheryesterday.2.whom在从句中作宾语，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人，可以省略。e.g.Theman(whom)

yousawlastweekhasleftthetown.注意：在从句中作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom之前，也可放在原来的位置上。在含有介词的固定动词词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上。e.g.a)

ThemanfromwhomIborrowedthebookisLiLei.=Themanwhom

IborrowedthebookfromisLiLei.(前句中的whom不可省略，后句中的whom可省略)b)

Thegirlwhomheistakingcareofisill.(takecareof是固定词组)

3.whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，其所修饰的先行词既可是人也可是物。e.g.Iknowthewomanwhose

husbandisadoctor.Helivesinthehousewhosewindowfacessouth.

二、that,which引导的定语从句这两个代词均指物，它们所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词是物,通常情况下，它们可以互换。1.that,which在从句中作主语，不可省略。

e.g.Heroisthefilmthat/whichwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.2.that,which在从句中作宾语，可以省略。

e.g.Isthisthefilm(that/which)

youtalkedaboutlastweek?注意：关系代词在作介词宾语时，只能用which且不能省略。

e.g.Thehouseinwhichheoncelivedisameeting-room.=Thehouse(which)

heoncelivedinisameeting-room.知识拓展：引导定语从句的关系代词that和which，在一般情况下，尽管可以互换使用，但在下列情况下，只能用that，而不用which：

1.先行词是复合不定代词everything,anything,nothing等时。

e.g.Shedidn’tforgetanything(that)

hermotherhadtoldhertobuy.2.先行词被序数词或thelast修饰时。e.g.Thisisthefirsttextbook(that)

Istudiedintheprimaryschool.Heisinthelastrowthat

isnexttothewindow.3.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。e.g.Thatisthehighestbuilding(that)

Ihaveeverseen.4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时。e.g.Thisistheverynovel(that)

youwanttoborrow.

5.先行词是或被all,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时，

e.g.I’vewrittendownall(that)theteacherdoesn’tallowustodo.Theyhaven’tgotanydictionaries(that)weneed.6.先行词既包含人又包含物时。e.g.Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons(that)

wehadneverheard.7.主句是以who,which引导的特殊疑问句时。e.g.Whoistheman(that)

youspoketojustnow?Whichisthebook

that

wasstolenbyhim?

8.先行词是主句的表语或关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。

e.g.Chinaisnolongerthecountry(that)itusedtobe.三、关系副词where,when,why引导的定语从句（在从句中作状语）1.where表示地点，它引导的定语从句修饰表地点的先行词。e.g.Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn.c.f.Thisisthevillage(that/which)

hevisitedlastyear.2.when表示时间，它引导的定语从句修饰表时间的先行词。e.g.I’llneverforgettheday

whenIjoinedtheLeague.c.f.I’llneverforgettheday(that/which)

wespenttogether.3.why表示原因，它引导的定语从句修饰表原因的先行词。e.g.Thereasonwhy

hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisquiteclear.定语从句专练：()1.Thenumberofpeople

losthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.A.whichB.whoC.whomD./()2.Thisisthemostbeautifulpart

Ihave

visited.A.which;everB.that;neverC.which;yetD.that;ever()3.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything

ismissing.A.thatB.whichC.whatD./()4.We’retalkingaboutTonny,

youmetyesterday.A.withwhoB.whomC.whichD.that()5.Isthistheverymuseum

someJapanesevisitorsvisitedlastWednesday?A.oneB.whereC.thatD.whichBDABC

()6.Thebook

coverisredisTom’s.A.whichB.thatC./D.whose()7.Theplace

Igrewupisabeautifultown.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.fromwhich()8.Idon’tthinkthenumberofpeople

thishappensisverylarge.A.whoB.towhichC.thatD.towhom()9.Doyoustillrememberoneeveningaweekago

Icametoyourroomandborrowedadictionary?A.beforeB.whichC.whenD.as()10.Isthatthenovelabout

theytalkedinclassyesterday?A.whichB.thatC.whoD./DCDCA宾语从句中考题练兵：

一、单项选择()1.Idon’tthinkhewillcomehereontime,

?(重庆)A.won’theB.willheC.doesheD.ishe()2.Willyoupleasetellme

?(上海)A.wherePudongAirportisB.howfarPudongAirportwasC.howcanwegettoPudongAirportD.whenwasPudongAirportbuilt()3.It’snotpolitetoaskpeople

inEngland.(常州)A.howmuchmoneyyouhavegotB.whattheweatherislikeC.whatyourcitylookslikeD.howoldareyou()4.Iwonderifhe

tonight.Ifhe

,I’llletyouknow.(扬州)A.willcome;willcomeB.comes;comesC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcomeBAAC()5.Ican’tsay

Iwanttoseehimagain.Wehaven’tseeneachotherfornearlythreeyears.(镇江)A.howlongB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howmuch()6.Mr.Greentoldmethathe

onatripnextSunday.(通化)A.aregoingB.wasgoingC.willgoD.wouldgoing()7.OurgeographyteachertoldusthatJapan

theeastofChina.(河北)A.isinB.wasinC.istoD.wasto()8.Nobodyknows

he’llcomeornot.(辽宁)A.thatB.ifC./D.whether

DBCD