高中英语必修三unit4 语法名词性从句

NounClauseNounClauses(名词性从句)SubjectClause(主语从句)AppositiveClause（同位语从句）ObjectClause（宾语从句）PredicativeClause（表语从句）原来那个女孩想嫁的是个电视机！playmusic,

singanddanceverywell,whocantellinterestingstories,whodoesnotsmokeordrink,whostaysathomeintheeveningsandwhostopstalkingwhenI'mtiredoflistening."Theyoungmangotup,tookhiscoatandwenttothedoor,butbeforeheleftthehouse,heturnedandsaidtoBetty,"Itisn'tamanyou'relookingfor.__________________________________.Joke1

Bettywasaveryprettygirl.Quitealotofyoungmenwantedtomarryher.

Oneday,oneoftheyoungmencametovisitherandaskedhertobecomehiswife.Sheanswered,"No,John,Iwon'tmarryyou.Iwanttomarryamanwhoisfamous,whocanD.Whatyouwantisatelevisionset长高点，就不用踮着脚跳舞了Joke2

Onagirl’swayhomeafterwatchingaballet(芭蕾舞）

performance,thekindergartenteacheraskedherstudentswhattheythoughtofit.Thesmallestgirlintheclasssaid:“If_____________________________________________________oneday,theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime.”C.mywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrueJoke1:Whatyouwantisatelevisionset.

Joke2:Ifmywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrue

oneday,theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime.Whatkindofclausearethey?主语从句同位语从句Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主语从句宾语从句表语从句

名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。同位语从句ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,if,asif/asthoughwhen,where,how,why1.主语从句

主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语的名词性从句。1)Thatshelefthim

hurtshimsomuch.

2)Whetheritwillpleasethem

isnoteasytosay.3)

Whatweneedismorepractice.4)Whenwewillbeginthemeeting

isunderdiscussion.*that—只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。*whether是否，表不确定的事情(不能用If）*what在从句中作主语*When在从句中作状语*______________________________(他是否要来)isnotyetknown.*_____________________________(他想告诉我们什么)isnotclear.*___________________________(谁会赢得这场比赛)isstillunknown.*_______________________________(你错过了这次机会)isapity.=Itis___________________________________.Exercise1:WhetherhewillcomeornotWhathewantstotellusWhowillwinthematchThat

youmissedthechanceapitythat

youmissedthechance

注意:

由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it

作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:

1.That

hewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.______________________________________________________________________________2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._____________________________________*it为形式主语Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:

1)Itis+n.+从句

Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……

Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…

Itisafactthat……是事实

Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识*_______________(很遗憾)welostthematch.*______________(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat2)Itis+adj.+从句

It’scertainthat…肯定…

Itispossiblethat...很可能……

Itisunlikelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明显…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_________________(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.+(should)+do…ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat3)It+不及物动词+从句

Ithappenedthat...碰巧……

Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…*________________(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosendtheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat4)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat...据说……

Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……

Itisreportedthat...据报道……

Itisbelievedthat...据信……;人们相信……

Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...建议……Itmustbeadmittedthat…必须承认……Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否认……

Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……

*___________________(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*______________________(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat1._____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2._____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.3.________themeetingwillbeheldinourschoolisnotknownyet.4.________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.5.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever填空。

6.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.7.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.8.TheForeignMinistersaid,“__isourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”

9.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,____ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.ItthatItwhat1.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn‘tmatter______thatI’mtalkingto.(2004年广东省卷

)A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom高考链接【试析】这个句子是一个由and连接的并列句。And后是一个含有主语从句的结构，其主句部分是itdoesn’tmatter,主语从句则是whoitisthatI’mtalkingto.而在主语从句中，又有一个定语从句，修饰who.Who既是一个引导词，也在itis中作表语.如果再细一点，说who是(talking)to的介词宾语也可以。2.Itisprettywellunderstood___controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.(2003上海)

A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how

【试析】主语从句中缺少做主语的成分，故选C.

3._____madetheschoolproudwas______morethan90％ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.（2003上海春季）

A.What;becauseB.What;that

C.That;whatD.That;because

【试析】what在此作连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分.4.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat__Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.(2004上海)A.asB.whichC.whatD.that解析:Ithought是插入语,可以把它去掉不考虑.what引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语.宾语从句作at的宾语.5.___intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.（2005上海）

A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires解析:“Itisrequiredthat…”是一个固定句式，it作形式主语,that引导的从句为真正的主语。6.___hehasbecomearichmanisknowntoallinourtown.[高考真题]A.BecauseB.ThatC./D.What答案是B。“他变成了富翁,这是我们镇上下班人人皆知的事。”根据句意,须用that引导的主语从句。that在从句中不担任任何成分,只起连接作用.7.___Ineedismoretime.A.ThatB.WhatC./D.Which答案是B。“我所需要的是更多的时间。”根据题意,应选what引志的主语从句,what在职从句中作宾语(what=thethingwhich).主语从句的关联词不能省略,故排除C。which表示“哪一个”,that无词义,都与句意不符,故排除。III.用适当的单词填空，使下列主语从句意思完整。1._______hefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.2._______________wewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.3.Itisapity______wewon’tbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummerholidays.ThatWhether/Wherethat4._______sheiscomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.5._______hecamefromstillpuzzlesallofus.6.Ithappened_____Isawhimyesterday.7.Itdoesnotmakeanydifferencetome______youdo.WhetherWherethatwhat8._____wasresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotyetclear.9.____________________theywillhavethesportsmeetisstillaquestion.10.Itdoesn’tmatter______shelookslike.WhoWhen/Where/Whetherwhat

2.同位语从句

同位语从句就是从句在句中作同位语的名词性从句，是对与其同位的名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。大多数同位语从句由从属连词that

(whether,how,when,where,why)引导（不能省略）,常跟以下抽象名词后,fact/news/idea/reason/hope/belief/truth/dream/problem/advice/suggestion/thought/order/doubt/answer/reply…1.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion

thatallmatterconsistsofatoms.2.WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome.3.Heoftenasksmethisquestion

whenTomwillcomebackfromAmerican.Appositiveclause同位语从句:1.Theidea______computerswillrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2.Thepossibility______themajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.3.Ihavenoidea________________(他去了哪里）4.Theyarethinkingaboutthequestion___________________(怎么能够赢得)thecompetition.5.Pleasetellusthetruth__________________(谁为我们做的）.thatthathowtheywhodidthatforuswherehehasgoneExercise4:couldwin1.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.

*(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息，that虽不作成分,但不能省略)2.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.

*(定语从句,起修饰作用，说明到底是哪一个消息，that在从句中作told的宾语,可以省略)

注意：同位语从句与定语从句区别

判断:定语从句or同位语从句1.Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.

2.Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.3.ThenewsthathewillleaveforShanghaiistrue.4.Thenewsthatwegotlastweekistrue.5.Thequestionthatwediscussedyesterdayisadifficultone.(定语从句)(同位语从句)(同位语从句)(定语从句)(定语从句)注意1：that/what的辨用1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacheris

saying.4.Hetoldus______hefeltill.5.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

6.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

7.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.8.Thefact______sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.

WhatThatwhatwhatwhat（that）（that）thatRules1.that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用2.what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。注意2：whether与if的辨用1.Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.2.Itremainsaproblemwhether/ifitistrue.3.Heaskedwhether/ifMarywouldattendtheceremony.4.Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney.5.Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.6.Thequestionwhetherhe’llattendthemeetingisimportant.7.Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.8.Idon’tknowwhether/ifitisrightornot.Rules1.在由形式主语it引导的主语从句及在vt动词后面的宾语从句中，表“是否”，whether/if都可以用；2.在前置主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和跟在介词后面的宾语从句中，表“是否”，只能用whether；3.在whether…ornot

和whethertodo

中whether不能换成ifPracticetimeif/whether1.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.2.___________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.Ithasn'tbeendecided____________weshallattendthemeeting.4.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

__________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

whetherwhetherwhetherwhether/ifI.在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。1.Thisisthemountainvillage_______Istayedlastyear.2.I’llneverforgetthedays_____Iworkedtogetherwithyou.3.Pleasepassmethebook_____coverisgreen.wherewhenwhose练习坊4.Isthisthereason____herefusedouroffer?5.Thepersonto______youspokeisafamousactor.6.Shesatonthecornerofthetablenearthedoorby______herhusbandalwaysentered.7.Thewhitefloweristheonlyone_____Ireallylike.whywhomwhichthat8.Thenewswasveryexciting___ourclasshadwonthefootballmatch.9.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion____allmatterconsistsofatoms.10.Thequestion___________________weshallhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecided.11.Theytoldthepolicemanthefact___theyhadnothingtodowiththemurder.thatthatwhere/when/whetherthat12.Allagreedtohissuggestion___abridgeacrosstheriverbebuilt.13.Thequestion____shoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.14.Thisisouronlyrequest___this(should)besettledassoonaspossible.15.Wordcame___ourChinesewomenteamhadbeatenJapanese.thatwhothatthat1.我不知道怎样到达火车站。

IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.2.我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。

Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.II.用同位语从句翻译下列句子。3.人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。

Peopleusedtoholdtheopinionthattheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.4.没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。

Nooneishappywiththefactthathewillbecometheirboss.5.我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。

Thequestionwhenwewillstarttheworkisnotdecided．

1.Thefact____sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which

2.Thefact____hewassuccessfulproveshisability.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whyAAIII.Choosethecorrectanswer.3.Thenews____hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly.

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.when4.Hissuggestion____themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.

A.whichB.thatC./D.itBB5.Ihavenoidea____hewillstart.

A.whenB.thatC.whatD./

6.I'vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage____themeetingwon'tbeheldtomorrow.

A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.whichBA7.Thethought____hemightfailintheexamworriedhim.

A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that

8.Theorder____theprisonerbesetfreearrivedtoolate.

A.whichB.whetherC.thatD.whatDC9.Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient'sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.

A.thatB.asC.ofwhichD.whichA10.Heoftenaskedmethequestion____theworkwasworthdoing.

A.whetherB.whereC.thatD.when

A11.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whetherB13.Luckily,we'dbroughtaroadmapwithout____wewouldhavelostourway.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which14.Doyouhaveanyidea___isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?A.thatB.whatC.asD.whichDB15.Oneofthemenheldtheview___thebooksaidwasright.A.thatB.whatthatC.thatwhatD.whether

that引导同位语从句，补充说明view;what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。C16.Astorygoes____ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.(04,上海）

A.whenB.whereC.whatD.thatD17.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars___roadconditionsneed____.(03,上海）

A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improvingA18.Thereisafeelinginme_____we’llneverknowwhataUFOis—notnever.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.whatA19.Ihavenoidea____wecanspendourholiday.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.whatA20.Thenews____hetoldusyesterdayisnottrue,butthenews____ourteamhaswonthematchistrue.A./;thatB.that;/C.that;whichD.that;whoA

Pickuponenumberandfinishthetaskinit,thenyoucangetsomepoints.GameTime!1.Thesuggestionthatshehasputforwardisverygood.

2.Thesuggestionthatwecleantheclassroombyturnsisverygood.判断：名词性从句\定语从句名词性从句定语从句23一、Fillintheblanks1.____________thefactorypoursintotheairisharmfultoourhealth.2.________issaidthatbillionsofyuanhasbeenspentontheShanghaiExpo3.Whyhepreventedothersfromenteringthehousewas___________hisonlyhenwaslayingeggsinthehouseWhatItthatThenewsthat30personsdiedinthebigfireinSichuanbroughtChinesegreatsadness.News,broughtChinesegreatsadness.Makeasentence530peopledie,thebigfireinSichuan.二、单句填空

Itisobvioustothestudents____theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.2._____wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.3._______isknowntousallisthatthe2022OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinTokyo.thatWhatWhat565.Itisuncertain______sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout，althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.6._________hewilljoinuswon’tmaketoomuchdifference.7.___isawonderthathedidn’tfail.8.______theywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepublic.9._____thishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.10It’snosurprise____ourteamshouldhavewonthegame.whatWhetherItWhenHowthat判断：名词性从句\定语从句1.Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.2.ThereisastrongpossibilitythatwemaybeinFranceforthenextweek.名词性从句定语从句2

thecatdomade

Whatthecatdidmadethebabycry.WhatcryMakeasentence51.TwothirdsofallgirlsinChinaareonadiet.2.Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.JointwosentencesintoonenounclauseThefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsinChinaareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.3完成句子61.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。____________________shewilldowellinherexam.2听说他已经结婚了。_____________he’sgotmarried.ThereisnodoubtthatIt’ssaidthatTranslatethesentence*_______________________________(他们很需要帮助)isquiteclear.Thattheyarebadlyinneedofhelp31.他犯了一个错误，这很奇怪。_________________heshouldhavemadeamistake.2.她去了哪儿，还不知道。

_________________isnotknownyet.3.他为什么做那件事将永远是个谜团。____________willremainapuzzleforever.WhyhediditItwasstrangethatWhereshehasgone完成句子91.Thenews_______wewonthecompetitionisveryencouraging.2.Ihavenoidea______hashappenedtohim.用that\what填空whatthat2

1.___________theyaretalkingaboutistheuseofcellphone.

4.______somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.Fillintheblanks2WhatWhat*

Ifwewillgooutingtomorrowhasn’tbeendecidedyet.×Correctornot?Whetherwewill………….decidedyet.Payattention:放在名词性从句句首，表示“是否”，只能用whether,不能用if2

×Correctornot?Payattention:注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用！在Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…句型中，从句的谓语要用should+do

的形式Itisimportantthatweshouldfinish…..*Itisimportantthatwewillfinishtheworkontime.2

×Correctornot?Payattention:由that引导的主语从句放在句首，that不能省略。Thathewillgiveup………*Hewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus.2Translatethesentence*_______________________________（她是否和我们去）isnotcertain.Whethershewillgowithus

3

×Correctornot?Payattention:同位语从句的that不能省略。Heexpressedhishopethathewould....*HeexpressedhishopehewouldvisitChinaagain.2_____makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.4.____isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastrongerandmoreprosperouseconomy.填空练习WhatIt21______isrequiredintheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.2.Ourclubisopentoadultsonly.______seemsthatyourchildrenhaveenteredwithoutpermission.ItIt填空练习21._____hesolvedthedifficultproblemsoquicklyisstillunknown.2._____and_______weholdourChristmaspartywillbesoonannounced.3._____h