高考英语一轮复习Unit2ExploringEnglish课后练习含解析外研版必修第一册

PAGEPAGE8Unit2ExploringEnglisheq\a\vs4\al()课后培优——微积累战高考，训练提分点eq\a\vs4\al()eq\a\vs4\al(读后续写微技能)描写cry的高级表达一、多样表达1．moanv. 呻吟；以呻吟声说出moanloudlywithpain 痛得大声呻吟givealoudmoan 大声地呻吟了一声2．sobv. 呜咽；发呜咽声sobuncontrollably 不由自主地抽噎起来soboneselftosleep 啜泣着入睡3．weepv. 流泪；(通常因悲伤)哭泣weeptearsforjoy 喜极而泣weepformisfortune 为不幸而悲叹4．chokev. (尤指感情激动而)哽咽sayinachokedvoice 声音哽咽地说5．burstintotears＝burstoutcrying 突然大哭6．getmisty­eyed 泪眼模糊7．bringtearstoone'seyes 令人落泪8．shedtears 流泪；洒泪二、佳句观摩1．Suddenlyshegavealow,chokingmoanandbegantotrembleviolently.突然，她发出了一声低沉而哽咽的呻吟，然后开始剧烈地颤抖起来。2．Iheardachildsobbingloudly.我听见有个孩子在呜呜地哭。3．Sheweptbittertearsofdisappointment.她失望得痛哭流涕。4．Shechokedupwhenshebegantotalkabouthermother.她开始谈起母亲时，便哽咽着说不出话来。5．WeallshedtearswhenIwavedgood­byetothem.我向他们挥手告别时，我们都流下了眼泪。6．Hegotallmisty­eyedwheneverheheardthatsong.每当他听到那首歌时，他都泪眼模糊。三、佳句仿写1．Theinjuredmanwaslyingontheground,moaning．受伤的人躺在地上呻吟着。2．Shebegan_to_sob_again,_buryingherfaceinthepillow.她把脸埋在枕头里，又开始抽噎起来。3．Sheburst_into_tearswhenshelearnedherfailureintheexam.她一听说自己考试不及格就失声大哭。4．Thethoughtofhiswastingallthattrainingbrought_tears_to_my_eyes．一想到他浪费了所有的训练时光我就落泪。5．Hewasprofoundlymovedandshed_tears．他被深深地感动了，流下了眼泪。eq\a\vs4\al()eq\a\vs4\al(高考题型组合练)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会——科学研究——在深度睡眠中学习新词汇LearningNewVocabularyDuringDeepSleepSleepingtimeissometimesconsideredunproductivetime.Thisraisesthequestionwhetherthetimespentduringsleepingcouldbeusedmoreproductively，e.g.forlearninganewlanguage？Sleepresearchtodatefocusedonthestabilizationandstrengtheningofmemoriesthathadbeenformedduringpreviouswakefulness.However，learningduringsleephasrarelybeenexamineD．Thereisconsiderableevidenceforwake­learnedinformationundergoingrevisionbyareplayinthesleepingbrain.Thereplayduringsleepstrengthensthestillweakmemorytracesandembeds(嵌入)thenewlyacquiredinformationinthepreexistingstoreofknowledge.Ifthereplayduringsleepimprovesthestorageofwake­learnedinformation，thenfirst­play，i.e.theinitialprocessingofnewinformation，shouldalsobepossibleduringsleep.TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexaminedwhetherasleepingpersonisabletoformnewsemanticassociationsbetweenplayedforeignwordsandtranslationwordsduringthebraincells'activestates，theso­called“Up­states”．Itturnedouttobethatwhattheythoughtwasreasonable.Whenwereachdeepsleepstages，ourbraincellsprogressivelycoordinatetheiractivity.Duringdeepsleep，thebraincellsarecommonlyactiveforabriefperiodoftimebeforetheyjointlyenterintoastateofbriefinactivity.Theactivestateiscalled“Up­state”andtheinactivestate“Down­state”．Thetwostatesalternate(交替)abouteveryhalf­seconD．Newevidenceforsleep­learningchallengescurrenttheoriesofsleepandtheoriesofmemory.Theconceptofsleepasanencapsulated(被概括的)mentalstate，inwhichweareseparatedfromthephysicalenvironmentisnolongerreasonable.“Wecoulddisprovethatcomplexlearningbeimpossibleduringdeepsleep，”saysSimonRuch，co­first­author.“Inhowfarandwithwhatconsequencesdeepsleepcanbeappliedtotheacquisitionofnewinformationwillbeatopicofresearchinupcomingyears，”saysKatharinaHenke.TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeispartoftheInterfacultyResearchCooperation(IRC).Thirteenresearchgroupsinmedicine，biology，psychologyandinformationsciencearepartoftheIRC．Theaimoftheseresearchgroupsistogainabetterunderstandingofthemechanismsinvolvedinsleep，consciousnessandcognition.文章大意：文章通过一项研究论证了在深度睡眠中学习新词汇的可能性。1．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A．“Up­state”and“Down­state”appearinturnduringdeepsleep.B．“Up­states”isanothernameforthebraincells'activestates.C．Semanticassociationsareimportantforlanguagelearning.D．Thebraincells'activestatesarecentralforsleep­learning.解析：D考查推理判断。根据第三段前两句“TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexamineD．..theso­called‘Up­states’．Itturnedouttobethatwhattheythoughtwasreasonable.”可知，研究小组研究了睡觉的人能否在脑细胞活跃状态下，在被播放的外来词和翻译词之间形成新的语义联系。结果证明他们的想法是合理的。据此可推知，当大脑处于“Up­states”时，可以进行语言学习。在这个过程中，大脑细胞的活跃状态起着主要作用。故答案是D。2．Whatwillresearchersdowithinseveralyearsaccordingtothepassage?A．Makestudyinthefollowingfieldssuchasmedicineandbiology.B．Separateusfromthephysicalenvironment.C．Applydeepsleeptoinformationlearning.D．Discovertheconceptofsleep.解析：C考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词“researchers”和“withinseveralyears”定位到文章的第四段。根据该段中的“Inhowfarandwithwhatconsequences...willbeatopicofresearchinupcomingyears”可知，在未来几年，在新信息的获得方面深度睡眠能运用到何种程度以及会有何种结果将是研究的主题。故答案是C。3．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tointroduceanewwayofvocabularylearning.B．Togainabetterunderstandingofthemechanisms.C．Tochallengecurrenttheoriesofsleepandtheoriesofmemory.D．Toexplainthepossibilityofvocabularylearningduringdeepsleep.解析：D考查写作意图。第一段提出问题“Thisraisesthequestionwhetherthetimespentduringsleepingcouldbeusedmoreproductively，e.g.forlearninganewlanguage？”(是否可以更有效地利用睡眠时间，例如用于学习一种新语言？)；第二段回答该问题“thenfirst­play，i.e.theinitialprocessingofnewinformation，shouldalsobepossibleduringsleep”(对新信息的初始处理，在睡眠期间也应该是可能的)；第三段通过研究提出证据证明了第二段的猜想。最后两段进行了补充说明。据此可知，本文是为了说明在深度睡眠中，学习新的词汇是可能的。故答案是D。4．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Anovel.B．Aguidebook.C．Ascientificresearchwebsite.D．Adiary.解析：C考查文章出处。根据本文中出现的“Sleepresearchtodatefocusedon”“Thereisconsiderableevidence”“Theresearchgroup”“Theaimoftheseresearchgroups”并结合文章主旨(在深度睡眠中学习新词汇方面的科学研究)可以推断出，本文可能出自一个科研网站，故选C。B语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我——人生态度——105岁的高龄老人玩过山车(2021·合肥市高三第一次质检)IcanproudlysaythatlastyearIbroketherecordfortheoldestpersonintheworldtoridearollercoaster.I'm105，butIfeelyounger.EventhedoctoragreesI'mingoodcondition.I'mabitdeafandmylegsfeelweak，buttheyaretheonlyissue.IrodetheTwistosaurusatFlamingoLand，whichspinsyouroundquitefast.Ididn'tchoosetogoonthat.I'dhavepreferredareallyfastonethatwentupsidedown.ButIwastoldIcouldn'tridesomethinglikethat，becauseitwouldaffectmybloodpressureandImighthavesomedanger.Iwasn'tnervous—Idon'tgetfrightenedofanything.Iwassecurelyfastened，soIknewIwouldn'tfallout.Therollercoasterridewentonforthreeorfourminutes，anditcouldn'tbeabetterexperience.AndIraisedalotofmoneyfortheDerbyshire，Leicestershire&RutlandAirAmbulancefund，whichwasfantastiC．PeopleweresayingI'dgotaplaceintheGuinnessWorldRecords.Later，someonecametopresentmewiththecertificate.Ihaditonthewallinmylivingroom，withanotheroneIgotayearearlier.Myrecord­breakingwaysreallybeganacoupleofyearsago，withtheicebucketchallenge.ItturnedoutthatIwasprobablytheoldestpersonintheworldtodoit，andthevideowasverypopular.Afterthat，IstartedtothinkaboutwhatelseIcoulddotoraisemoneyfordifferentcharities.I'mnotsureifanyoneadmiresallthefunI'mhaving.TheyjustsayI'mdaftandthat'saboutit.ButI'vehadmanygooddaysandmanyexcitingtimes.I'vehadareallygoodlife.Idon'tthinkI'vewastedanyofit.文章大意：本文讲述了世界上玩过山车年龄最大的老人的经历。他已经105岁，获得了吉尼斯世界纪录证书；此外，他还参加过“冰桶挑战”，为慈善组织募捐。他认为自己没有浪费人生，过得很充实。5．Whydidn'ttheauthorchoosetogoonridingtheTwistosaurus?A．Becausehewastoldnottodoso.B．Becauseheconsideredittoogentle.C．Becausehethoughtitspuntoofast.D．Becausehewasinabadphysicalcondition.解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段第二、三句“Ididn'tchoosetogoonthat.I'dhavepreferredareallyfastonethatwentupsidedown.”可知，作者没有选择坐Twistosaurus，是因为他想要真正的快速翻转的过山车，即他认为Twistosaurus太过平缓，故B项正确。6．Howdidtheauthormostprobablyreactwhileridingtherollercoaster?A．Hereallyenjoyedhimself.B．Hewasveryworriedatfirst.C．Hecouldn'tthinkmuchaboutit.D．Hegotfrightenedasitstartedmoving.解析：A考查推理判断。根据第三段第三句“Therollercoasterridewentonforthreeorfourminutes，anditcouldn'tbeabetterexperience.”可知，乘坐过山车持续三到四分钟，作者认为这是一次再好不过的经历了。据此可推知，作者在坐过山车时很享受，故A项正确。7．WhatdoyouknowabouttheauthorfromParagraph4?A．Hewaseagertogetcertificates.B．Hedislikedshowingoffhissuccess.C．HewastheoldestpersonintheworlD．D．Hesetarecordtheyearbeforelastyear.解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“lastyear”和第四段的内容，尤其是尾句“Ihaditonthewallinmylivingroom，withanotheroneIgotayearearlier.”可知，去年作者把这张吉尼斯世界纪录证书挂在客厅的墙上，还有一张是一年前挂的。据此可知，作者在前年也创造了一项纪录。8．Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Cooperative. B．OptimistiC．C．Generous. D．Intelligent.解析：B考查推理判断。根据尾段最后三句“ButI'vehadmanygooddaysandmanyexcitingtimes.I'vehadareallygoodlife.Idon'tthinkI'vewastedanyofit.”并结合文章描述的作者105岁还创造吉尼斯世界纪录可知，作者认为自己有过许多美好的日子和许多激动人心的时刻，他过得很好，没有浪费人生；据此可推知，作者是一个乐观的人，故B项正确。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会——健康——笑疗法Manypeoplebelievethatthereissometruthinthesaying“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”1.________Laughterhelpsrelievepain，strengthentheimmunesystemandreducestress.Laughterstimulates(激发)hormoneswhichmakeusfeelhappy.Laughteralsoincreasestheflowofbloodthroughoutthebodyandhasbenefitswhicharesimilartotheonesyougetbydoingexercise.2．________Childrenexposedtofunnyfilmsandcartoonsbeforemajormedicalproceduresareabletocopebetterwithpainandanxiety.3.________Theseareprofessionalclownswhoaresenttohospitalsandwardstoentertainanddistractsickchildren.Laughtertherapyhasbecomeverypopularinrecentyearsandasaresult，moreandmorelaughterclubsarestartingtoopenupincitiesandtownsallovertheworlD．Atalaughtersession，atrainedtherapistinstructsthegrouptoperformaseriesofexerciseswhicharedesignedtoproducelaughter.4.________Andittakesthemsometimetogetridoftheirinhibitions(拘谨).Theymightevenstartoffwithfakelaughter，butthisdoesn'tmatterbecauseourbodiescan'ttellthedifference，andtheresultsarethesame.Moreover，laughteriscontagious(有感染力的).5.________Sonexttimeyoufeelill，stressedoutordepressed，trywatchingafunnyfilmortryrememberinganamusingincidentinyourlife.Youwillsoonfeelbetter.A．Ifonepersonstartsgiggling，itisunavoidablethateveryoneelsewillbedrawnin.B．Laughterhelpsyoufocus.C．Thisfindinghasledtoso­calledclowndoctors.D．Infact，researchdonebyscientistshasshownthatlaughterhasalotofhealthbenefits.E．Laughtermakestheworldabetterandmorecolorfulplace.F．Somepeoplemayfindtheideaembarrassingatfirst.G．Usinglaughtertherapyinchildren'shospitalshasproventobeinvaluable.文章大意：笑对人体健康有诸多好处。笑疗法已被证明是非常有效的，全世界各地的专业的笑疗法治疗机构越来越多。1．解析：D根据空前的“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”和空后的内容可知，笑对人体健康有诸多好处，故D项“实际上，由科学家做出的研究表明笑对健康有很多益处”符合语境，承上启下。2．解析：G根据空后一句可知，孩子在进行重大医疗手术之前，看滑稽的电影和卡通片能够更好地应付痛苦和焦虑，故G项“在儿童医院使用笑疗法被证明是极有用的”符合语境，且该项中的“children'shospitals”与空后的“Children”呼应。3．解析：C根据空后一句可知，这些都是专业的小丑，他们被派往医院和病房以逗乐生病的孩子，分散他们的注意力；故可推知，C项“这一调查结果导致了所谓的小丑医生的诞生”符合语境。4．解析：F根据空后的“theirinhibitions(拘谨)”可知，F项“这个主意刚开始可能会让一些人难为情”符合语境，衔接下文。5．解析：A根据空前一句可知，笑声是有感染力的，故A项“如果一个人开始咯咯地笑，其他人也会无法避免地跟着笑”符合语境，承接上文。Ⅲ.语法填空语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会——文学——翻译小说销量在英国上升TranslatedfictionsalesintheUnitedKingdom1.________(rise)by5.5percentlastyear，withgrowingdemandforChinesetitles，saidNielsenBookonWednesday.BritishnewspaperTheGuardianfeaturedLiuCixin'sTheThree­BodyProblemandJinYong'sAHeroBorninitsreportonthistrend，2.________(say)thatboth“soldstrongly”in2018.Theresearch，bytheInternationalBookerPrize(formerlyknownastheManBookerInternationalPrize)，showsmorethan2.6million3.________(copy)oftranslatedtitles4.________(sell)in2018，atanestimatedvalueof￡20.7million，thehighesteversinceNielsenstartedthestudyin2001.FiammettaRocco，fromtheInternationalBookerPrize，said，“Readingfictionisoneofthebestwayswehaveofputting5.________(we)inotherpeople'sshoes.Theriseinsalesoftranslatedfictionshows6.________hungrysomanyBritishreadersareforterrificwritingfromotherco