-新教材高中英语UNIT3课后练习含解析外研版选择性必修第二册

PAGEPAGE6Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.阅读理解AInventorsarealwaysatwork,dreamingupnewtechnologies.Someinventionshelpussolveproblems.Othersmakelifeeasier,ormorefun.Here,TFK(TimeforKids)presents3ofourfavoriteinventions.Seehowtheymakeusliveabetterlife.StoppingSicknessChristineSchindlerisanengineer.Shewantedtohelpstopthespreadoffoodborneillnesses.SoshecreatedPATHSPOT.Ituseslighttoscanaperson'shandsforharmfulgerms.Restaurantemployeesholdtheirhandsbeneaththescanner.Thenthescannerjudgeswhethertheymustberewashed.About100locationshavestartedusingtheproductsinceitlaunchedinMay.TalkingEyesForpeoplewhoareblindorhaveothervisualproblems,theORCAMMYEYE2couldbeagamechanger.Itmightalsoproveusefulforpeoplewithreadingdifficulties.Describedas“talkingglasses”，thisAIdevicecanbeattachedtoanyeyeglassframe.Itcanidentifyfaces.Itcanalsoreadtextaloud.Fittingallthispowerintosuchasmalldeviceislike“puttinganelephantinasmallcloset”，saysAmnonShashua,theinventorofthetechnology.Nowthedevicecanbeboughtonline.Sport­safeResearchshowsthatplayingfootballincreasestheriskofbraininjury.Still,aboutamillionkidsundertheageof13playfootball,accordingtotheSports&FitnessIndustryAssociation.That'swheretheVICISZERO1YOUTHfootballhelmetcomesin.Ithasthick,force­absorbingsupportonthefrontandsides,wherekidsarelikelytotakethehardesthitsonthefield.Playerson1,500youthteamshavewornthehelmet.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些科技新发明。1．WhatisthefunctionofPATHSPOT?A．Killingthegermsonhands.B．Checkingifhandsareclean.C．Rewashingemployees'hands.D．Stoppingthereproductionofgerms.解析：选B细节理解题。根据题干关键词PATHSPOT可定位到StoppingSickness部分。根据SoshecreatedPATHSPOT.Ituseslighttoscanaperson'shandsforharmfulgerms.可知，这个发明物是用来检查手上是否干净。故选B项。2．WhichofthefollowingisthefeatureofTalkingEyes?A．Low­noise. B．Portable.C．Single­function. D．Power­saving.解析：选B细节理解题。根据题干关键词TalkingEyes可定位到TalkingEyes部分。根据Describedas“talkingglasses”，thisAIdevicecanbeattachedtoanyeyeglassframe.可知，这种眼镜方便携带。故选B项。3．WhatcanwelearnaboutVICISZERO1YOUTH?A．Itisavailabletothepublicnow.B．Itimproveskids'footballskills.C．Itisdesignedforkidsunder13only.D．Itsfrontandsidesarethehardest.解析：选A推理判断题。根据题干关键词VICISZERO1YOUTH可定位到Sport­safe部分。根据Playerson1,500youthteamshavewornthehelmet.可推知，这项发明已经被公众使用。故选A项。BBillBowermanwasatrackcoach.Hewantedtohelpathletesrunfaster.Sohehadlearnedhowtomakerunningshoes.Hehadalsostartedashoecompanywithafriend.Itwas1971.Runningshoesatthetimewereheavy.Theyhadspikes(鞋钉)onthesole(鞋底)．Thespikestoreupthetrackandsloweddownrunners.Tomakealightershoe,Billtriedtheskinsoffish.Tomakeabettersole,hewantedtoreplacethespikes.BilllookedthroughhiswifeBarbara'sjewelrybox.Hehopedtofindapieceofjewelrywithaninterestingpattern.Hewouldthencopythepatternontothenewsoles.Nothingworked.Billwasstumped.Then,oneSundaymorning,BarbaramadeBillwaffles(华夫饼)forbreakfast.Billwatchedhercook.Hestudiedthecrosspatternontheiroldwaffleiron.Inspirationhit.ThepatternonawaffleironwasjustwhatBillwaslookingfor.Thesquareswerefatterandwiderthansharpspikes.Thepatternwouldhelptheshoesgrip(抓牢)anysurfacewithouttearingintoit.WhenBarbaraleftthehouse,Billrantohislab.Hetooktheliquidchemicalsthat,whenmixed,wouldhardenintothesoleofashoe.HepouredthemixtureintothewaffleironandtheWaffleTrainerwasborn.Bill'scompanyputtheWaffleTraineronthemarketin1974.Itwasahugehit.Maybeyou'veheardofthatcompanycalledNike.Andtodayit'swortharound＄100billion.ItwasthewaffleironthathadchangedthecourseofBill'slifeandhelpedturnNikeintoawell­knownname.Today,thewaffleironiskeptatNikeheadquarters.Itservesasareminderthatifwekeeptrying,wecanfindasolutiontoeventhetoughestproblems.Andthosesolutionscancomefromunlikelyplaces,eventhebreakfasttable.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了田径教练BillBowerman因妻子早餐做的华夫饼激发了他对运动鞋设计的灵感，从此耐克成为一个家喻户晓的品牌。4．WhatwaswrongwiththerunningshoesbeforetheWaffleTrainerwasmade?A．Theywereeasilywornout.B．Thespikeshurtrunners'feet.C．Thespikesweresharpandheavy.D．Theyweretooexpensive.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中Runningshoesatthetimewereheavy.Theyhadspikes(鞋钉)onthesole(鞋底)．Thespikestoreupthetrackandsloweddownrunners.可知，那时候的运动鞋的鞋底上有鞋钉，导致运动鞋很重，运动员跑不快，而且鞋钉容易损坏跑道，故C项(鞋钉又尖又重)正确。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumped”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Inspired. B．Defeated.C．Satisfied. D．Doubted.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据前句Nothingworked.可知，Bill尝试了很多方法均没有成功。由此可知，他当时是被这个问题难住了，只有B项(被打败的)符合文意。6．WhatcanwesayaboutthebirthofWaffleTrainer?A．Itwasmadequitebyaccident.B．ItwasinventedbyBill'swife.C．Itwasbasedonmanylabtests.D．Itwassupportedbyanothercompany.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第二段中Then,oneSundaymorning,BarbaramadeBillwaffles(华夫饼)forbreakfast.Billwatchedhercook.Hestudiedthecrosspatternontheiroldwaffleiron.及第三段中Inspirationhit.可知，Bill是在厨房看妻子做华夫饼的时候突然找到了制作运动鞋的灵感的。由此可以推断出，WaffleTrainer运动鞋的诞生是偶然的。故选A项。7．WhatcanwelearnfromBill'sexperience?A．Wherethere'sawill,there'saway.B．Goodisrewardedwithgood.C．Twoheadsarebetterthanone.D．Amisfortunemayturnoutablessing.解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中Itservesasareminderthatifwekeeptrying,wecanfindasolutiontoeventhetoughestproblems.可知，只要不断尝试，终能找到解决问题的办法。故选A项。CItmightsoundlikeaterribledream,butanewdesignfromDubai­basedairlineEmiratesplanstoremovewindowsfromairplanes.Insteadofreal­lifeviewsofcloudsandsky,first­classpassengerswilllookoutof“virtual(虚拟的)windows”，enjoyingprojectedviewsoftheworldpassingbyEmirates'“windows”userealtimehigh­techcameratechnologytoprovidevirtualviewsoftheoutsideworld.SajAhmad,ChiefanalystatStrategicAeroResearchsays,“Windowlessairplanessoundgreat—however,inreality,itwon'thappenforanumberofreasons.Forstarters,intheeventofanemergency,peopleintheplaneoftenneedtolookoutforreferencepoints.Havingvisualawarenessisimportantandinawindowlessjet,theydon'texist—especiallyifthereisanelectricalfaultwhichthenmeansthatthe‘electric’windowsdonotworkandyoucan'tseeoutside.”Ahmadwasalsoconcernedaboutpassengercomfort.“Passengerssimplydolovethenaturalviewoutside，”hesays.“Therearealsootherproblems—thechangeinvolvedwouldcertainlyrequirenewtests.”Otherfuturisticairplanedesignsaregoingtheoppositeway.Boeing'sDreamliner—itsmostmoderndesign—featureslargewindows.Airbushasalsodesignedaplanewithtransparent(透明的)wallsthatispresentedatthe2011ParisAirShow.EmbraerhasplannedtheKyotocabin,designedforitsLineage1000Eaircraft,whichfeatureslargewindowsrunningalongthemajorityofthewallsofthecabin.Therecouldalsobeamovetowardspilotlessplanesinthefuture—butAhmadapplieshisdoubtsaboutwindowlessplanestodrone­flown(无人驾驶的)planes,too.“Theideaofwindowlessplanesispossible—thatdoesn'tmeanitwillhappen，”saysAhmad.“Thesameappliestodronetechnology—butthatdoesn'tmeanthattomorrowwe'resuddenlygoingtoseeallairplanesbeingflownwithoutpilots.”语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了迪拜阿联酋航空公司的一项新设计。8．WhatwillEmirates'newplanesbelike?A．Theywillbepilotless.B．Theywillhaveopenwindows.C．Theywillpresentoutsideviewsonvirtualwindows.D．Theywillprovideallpassengerswithwindowlessexperiences.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，头等舱乘客将不再能看到真实的云和天空，而是能透过“虚拟窗口”欣赏窗外的世界。阿联酋航空的“窗口”使用实时高科技摄像机技术，提供外部世界的虚拟视图。即阿联酋航空的新飞机将在虚拟窗口上显示外部视图，故选C项。9．WhatdoesSajAhmadthinkofthevirtualwindows?A．Useful. B．Expensive.C．Impractical. D．Comfortable.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段第一句SajAhmad,ChiefanalystatStrategicAeroResearchsays,“Windowlessairplanessoundgreat—however,inreality,itwon'thappenforanumberofreasons.”可知，SajAhmad认为虚拟窗口是不现实的。故选C项。10．Howisthethirdparagraphdeveloped?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byfollowingspaceorder.D．Byexplainingcauseandeffect.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，波音的梦幻客机是其最现代的设计，它的特点是大窗户。空中客车公司还设计了一种透明的飞机，在2011年巴黎航空展上展出。Embraer为其世系1000E飞机设计了Kyoto机舱，机舱的大部分墙壁上都有大窗户。由此可知，第三段是通过举例子来分析问题。故选A项。11．WhatisthefutureofdronetechnologyaccordingtoSajAhmad?A．Itneedsmoreskilledengineers.B．Itwilltaketimetodevelop.C．Itwillbewidelyapplied.D．Itispromising.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段中Theideaofwindowlessplanesispossible—thatdoesn'tmeanitwillhappen和Thesameappliestodronetechnology—butthatdoesn'tmeanthattomorrowwe'resuddenlygoingtoseeallairplanesbeingflownwithoutpilots.可知，根据SajAhmad的说法，无人机技术的未来需要时间来研发。故选B项。Ⅱ.阅读七选五LightinaBottleThisissuchasimpleidea!It'saspeciallampthatneedsandcostsnothingtorun.Itwasn'tinventedbyafamousscientist,butbyamancalledAlfredoMoserinBrazilsixteenyearsago.Inhishometownatthetime,theyhadproblemswithelectricity.1Oneday,Moserandhisfriendsweretalkingabouthowtheycouldcreateasignalinanemergency.Oneofthemsuggestedusingabottletoreflectthelightfromthesun.ThismadeMoserthink.2Allyouneedisacleanplasticbottle.Fillitwithwaterandcloseitwithablacktop.Theblacktopattractsthesun.Adropofbleach(漂白剂),thekindyouusetocleanthehouse,isaddedtothewatertokeepitclean.Thenasmallholeiscutintheroofoftheroomwhereyouwantthelight,andthebottleispushedthroughthehole.3It'smuchstrongerthanthelightfromacandle!Mosersharedhisideawithhisneighborsandhislightbottleswerefixedinthelocalsupermarket.Tenyearslater,theMyShelterFoundationinthePhilippinesheardaboutMoser'sidea.4NowthereareMoserlampsinmorethan140,000homesthroughoutthePhilippinesandtheideahasspreadtoanumberofothercountries,too.5Moserlampshavesurelymadelifeeasierforalotofpeople!A．Whynotusewatertomakelight?B．InIndia,th