新教材高中英语Unit5RevealingnatureSectionⅡUsinglanguage检测（含解析）外研版选择性必修第一册

/07/7/Using_languageⅠ.阅读理解Aquietly.Backget.Thesealarm.Whatack，itdoesn'tsitquietly.Backin1983，twoscientists，JackSchultzandIanBaldwin，reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighbouringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds，VOCsforshort.ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOattacked.Itout.Butattacked.It'saplant'swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening?Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighboursreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive，the_tables_are_turned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Instudyafterstudy，itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbours.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant，buttheneighbours，relativelyspeaking，staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon'tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmadeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches，andso，ineffect，wastalkingtoitself.Perhapstheneighboursjusthappenedto“overhear”thecry.Soinformationwasexchanged，butitwasn'tatrue，intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin，over150yearsago，imaginedaworldfarbusier，noisierandmoreintimate(亲密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There'sawholelotgoingon.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物受到袭击时会释放出某种化学物质来保护自己并“告知”附近的植物。1．Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A．Itmakesnoises.B．Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C．Itstandsquietly.D．Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighbouringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.可知，植物受到伤害时会散发出一种特殊的气味，而这种特殊的气味就是某些化学物质。2．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inParagraph3?A．Theattackersgetattacked.B．Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C．Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D．Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.解析：选A句意理解题。根据第三段中的Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.以及画线部分后的Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.可知，画线部分的意思是：袭击者受到了它的天敌的袭击。3．Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan________.A．predictnaturaldisastersB．protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC．talktooneanotherintentionallyD．helptheirneighbourswhennecessary解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段中的Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.和Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.可知，植物能保护自己免受昆虫的伤害。4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theworldischangingfasterthanever.B．Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefore.C．Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems.D．PeopleinDarwin'stimeweremoreimaginative.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，达尔文设想了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界，而我们的感官却非常弱，我们还有很长的路要走。由此可知，世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂。BWeallloveanimals,butanimalsdon'tfeelthesamewayaboutus.Whenweentertheirwildworld,weare“unnatural”invadersintotheirhomes.TherewasavideomanyofyoumayhaveseenontheInternetrecentlyofabearanditscub(幼崽)climbingupasteep,snow-coveredhillinRussia.Themamabearmakesittothetopwithouttoomuchtrouble,butthebabybearkeepsslidingbackdown.Ittakesthreeattemptstoreachthetopand,nodoubt,manycheeredatthecub'snever-give-upspirit.Butnaturescientistswhosawthevideodidn'tcheer.Instead,thescientistswereupsetthatthetwobearshadbeenfrightenedintomakingadangerous,unnecessaryclimbbythedronethatwasfilmingthem.SophieGilbertoftheUniversityofIdahosaid,“Itshowedacompletelackofunderstandingfromthedroneoperatoroftheeffectshisactionswerehavingonthebears.”Otherscientistshavefoundthatwhenadroneishoveringnear,abear'sheartratecanincreasefrom41beatsperminuteto162beatsperminute—ahighenoughratetocauseaheartattack.Humandisturbancehasactuallybeenhavingafar-reachinginfluenceonwildlife.ResearchersattheUniversityofBerkeleyrecentlyfoundthatmanymammalsareturninginto“nightowls”againtoavoidcontactwithhumans.Suchashiftmightnotonlyaffectthosespeciesthemselves,butalsohavenumerouschaineffects.Wehumanbeingsfindourselvesinastrangepositioninnature.Wearepartofitbutalsoseparatefromit,nowmorethanever,sincemostofusliveincities.So,whenwegohikingintowildareasto“re-connect”withnature,weshouldgosoftlyandconsiderately.It'sOKtogetclosetoouranimalfriends,justnottooclose—wewouldn'twanttoscarethem,wouldwe?语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一段熊爬雪山的视频引发了科学家们对于人类打扰野生动物生活的反思。5．Whatdoesthevideofeature?A．Thebabybear'sclimbing.B．Themamabear'scare.C．Thedangerousenvironment.D．Theexperimentbyscientists.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的ofabearanditscub(幼崽)climbingupasteep,snow-coveredhill以及后文具体描写的内容可知，此段视频展示的是一只母熊和它的幼崽攀爬一座陡峭的雪山的情景。6．Whydidn'tnaturescientistscheer?A．Becausetheyknewthebear'sfamilywell.B．Becausetheywereagainstotherscientists.C．Becausetheyknewthecauseofthebear'sclimbing.D．Becausetheylackedunderstandingofthedroneoperator.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，因为科学家们知道使得这两只熊攀爬雪山的原因，而且明白它们是冒着生命危险在爬山，所以才为熊的处境担忧。7．Whatmaybetheeffectofhumandisturbanceonwildlife?A．Foodshortage.B．Changinghabitats.C．Ecologicalimbalance.D．Lesscontactwithhumans.解析：选C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的manymammalsareturninginto“nightowls”againtoavoidcontactwithhumans.Suchashiftmightnotonlyaffectthosespeciesthemselves,butalsohavenumerouschaineffects.可知，许多哺乳动物变成了“夜猫子”以避免和人类接触，而这种变化不仅影响了这个物种本身，而且还会引起一系列的连锁反应；由此可推断，人类对野生生物的干扰可能会导致生态失衡。8．Whatdoestheauthorseemtoagreewith?A．Losingconnectionwithnature.B．Tighteningthebondwithwildanimals.C．Respectingthehuman-animaldistance.D．Shootingmorevideosonanimalsforstudy.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为人类应该和动物保持一定的距离，即尊重人类和动物之间的距离。Ⅱ.完形填空Manyyearsago,Iwasdiggingavegetablegardeninmybackyard.Suddenly,alargeGermanShepherd(德国牧羊犬)thatIwouldcallSamrantowardsme,__1__.Hecamethroughthebushfromthe__2__ofanewhousethatwasbeingbuilt,some20metersaway.__3__，IignoredhimandafterafewmorebarksfromSamIrealisedthatheneededmyhelp.Ifollowedhimtoaswimmingpool.Awhitetoypoodle(玩具贵宾犬)wasswimmingaroundinthe__4__.Thewaterlevelwastoofarbelowtheedgeforthedogtoclimbout.Ithadno__5__buttokeepswimminguntilexhaustion;itwould__6__tothebottomanddrown.ItswamtowardsmeandIwasableto__7__itoutofthewater.Itookthetoypoodlehome,drieditoffandnoticedacollar__8__anameMidge,andanaddress,whichwasafive-minutewalkfrommyhome.ItookMidgebacktoitsvery__9__owners.Butthatwasnottheendofthestory.Somethreeweekslater,IwaswalkingdowntheroadwhenIwas__10__bytwofiercedobermans(杜宾犬)．Theyobviouslyhadno__11__oflettingmepass.__12__，Samranfrombehindme.Barking,hestoodbetweenthedobermansandme.Heremained__13__myfour-leggedoffenderswithdrew.Afteronefinal__14__“woof”，Samwentbacktohishome,obviouslybelievingthatonegoodturn__15__another.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者帮一只德国牧羊犬救了一只在游泳池内的玩具贵宾犬。几周后，这只德国牧羊犬在作者遇到危险时也帮了他。1．A.circling B．jumpingC．watching D．barking解析：选D根据第一段最后一句中的afterafewmorebarksfromSam可知，此处表示吠叫着朝我跑过来。2．A.way B．courseC．direction D．form解析：选C此处表示从一栋正在建造的新房子的方向。fromthedirectionof意为“从……方向”，是固定搭配。3．A.Forawhile B．AtatimeC．Inthemeantime D．Onoccasion解析：选A句意：有一会儿，我没有理会他，在Sam又吠叫了几声之后，我意识到他需要我的帮助。4．A.fence B．poolC．house D．garden解析：选B根据前文中的Ifollowedhimtoaswimmingpool.可知，这里指玩具贵宾犬在游泳池里游来游去。5．A.experience B．alternativeC．motivation D．preparation解析：选B根据前文中的Thewaterlevelwastoofarbelowtheedgeforthedogtoclimbout.可知，这只狗爬不上来，别无他法，只能不停地游。havenoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只能做某事。6．A.float B．diveC．sink D．swim解析：选C根据空后的tothebottomanddrown可知，这只贵宾犬在游泳池内不停地游，最后只能是沉到水底被淹没。7．A.throw B．pushC．kick D．lift解析：选D根据后文中的Itookthetoypoodlehome可知，作者从水中救起了这只玩具贵宾犬，把狗带回了家。结合选项可知，此处是指从水中把它提起来。8．A.writing B．revealingC．bearing D．wearing解析：选C根据后文中的anameMidge,andanaddress可知，此处指带有名字和地址。9．A.grateful B．satisfiedC．impatient D．guilty解析：选A作者从游泳池救起那只玩具贵宾犬，送回给它的主人，所以主人应该是很感激的。10．A.guided B．accompaniedC．stopped D．fooled解析：选C根据后文中的Theyobviouslyhadno__11__oflettingmepass.可知，它们不让作者过去，所以此处指作者被两只杜宾犬拦住了。11．A.promise B．beliefC．responsibility D．intention解析：选D句意：显然它们没打算让我过去。havenointentionofdoingsth.没打算做某事。12．A.Gradually B．EventuallyC．Immediately D．Suddenly解析：选D句意：突然，Sam从我身后跑了出来。13．A.but B．untilC．asif D．nowthat解析：选B根据前文中的Barking,hestoodbetweenthedobermansandme.可知，Sam要帮作者，所以他一直待着直到那两条杜宾犬撤退。14．A.pleasant B．impressiveC．inspiring D．friendly解析：选DSam帮了作者，所以此处指Sam友好的“汪汪”声。15．A.demands B．succeedsC．deserves D．involves解析：选C句意：在最后一次友好的“汪汪”声之后，Sam回到了自己的家，显然他相信好人应得好报。Onegoodturndeservesanother是谚语，意为“好人有好报；善有善报”。Ⅲ.语法填空Somepopularplacestovisitarebuiltbypeople.Otherfamousplacesarethe__1__(create)ofnature.InthenortheastoftheUS,therewasafamousrockonahighmountain__2__lookedjustlikeanoldman.__3__(locate)inthetownofFranconia,NewHampshire,hehadthickhair,abignoseandabeard.PeoplecalledhimTheOldManoftheMountain__4__everyyearmorethanamillionpeoplecametovisithim.TheOldManoftheMountain,alsoknown__5__theGreatStoneFace,measur