高考英语知识点汇编：非谓语动词

高考英语知识点：非谓语动词一、单项选择1.Thetwopassengersoccupyingseatswerereportedfromtakingtrainsfor180days.A.tobebanned B.tohavebeenbannedC.beingbanned D.havingbeenbanned【答案】B【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：据报道，占据座位的两名乘客被禁止乘坐火车180天。bereportedtohavedonesth.“被报道已经做某事”，且句子主语Thetwopassengers和ban之间是被动关系，所以这里用动词不定式完成式的被动式，故选B。2.ThecivilwarbrokeoutinLibya,______totheinstabilityoftheinternationaloilprice．A.tocontribute B.contributedC.havingcontributed D.contributing【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：利比亚爆发了内战，造成国际油价不稳定。contributingtotheinstabilityoftheinternationaloilprice，现在分词在句中作结果状语。contributeto造成，选D。3.ItissaidtheGreatWall_______theWarringStates,is_______worthvisiting.A.datedfrom;much B.datedfrom;wellC.datingfrom;much D.datingfrom;well【答案】3.D【解析】考查非谓语动词和副词。句意：据说长城始建于战国时期，非常值得参观。datefrom追溯到，用现在分词做伴随状语，bewellworthdoing很值得做某事，故选D项。4.Thegreathallwascrowdedwithmanypeople,_____manychildren_____ontheirparents’laps.A.including;seated B.including;seatingC.included;sat D.included;sitting【答案】A【解析】考查介词和过去分词。句意：这个大厅挤满了人，包括一些坐在父母腿上的小孩。include是介词,由其领导的这个句子是做状语成分之用.includingsomebody，包括某人=somebodyincluded，seated是动词+ed,其引导的"seatedontheirparents'laps"是后置定语的成分,表示状态，用来修饰前面的"children"。故选A。5.Thevillageevolvedintoamajore-commercecenter,and______thepast,thevillagersowedtheirsuccesstothereformandopening-uppolicy.A.reviewed B.toreview C.reviewing D.beingreviewed【答案】C【解析】考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：村庄发展成为一个重要的电子商务中心，回顾过去，村民们把他们的成功归功于改革开放政策。句子主语thevillagers和review之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作时间状语，故答案为C。6.________himselfwithroutinetasks,hehadnotimetoaccompanyhischildren.A.Occupying B.OccupiedC.Beingoccupied D.Tobeoccupied【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于忙于常规工作，他没有时间陪伴孩子。短语occupyoneselfwithsth与beoccupiedwithsth都是"忙于……；从事于"之意，本题前一分句作原因状语从句。若使用第一种表达方式（"他"与"从事"之间为主动关系，动词使用现在分词形式），则表达为：Occupyinghimselfwith…；若使用第二种表达方式（occupied作为形容词"繁忙的；没空的"，位于句首作状语），则表达为：Occupiedwithroutinetasks，…综上，结合所给选项分析可知本题答案为A选项。7.PekingDuck,______asoneofthebestwaystoeatthedeliciousduck,hasearnedareputationbothathomeandabroad.A.regarded B.regardingC.beingregarded D.toberegarded【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:北京烤鸭——被认为是最好的品尝美味的鸭肉的方式之一——享誉国内外。根据句意及分析句子结构可知,空处应填非谓语动词,且PekingDuck与regard之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用其过去分词在句中作后置定语。故选A。8.Youcanhardlyimaginethedifficultythewomanhad_____herchildren.A.boughtup B.tobringupC.bringingup D.tohavebroughtup【答案】C【解析】考查短语搭配。本题考查havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困难。句意：你不能想象那个女士抚养她的孩子有多么的困难。9.ManyChineseparentsarewillingtospendmoneyoncampeducationandstudytoursfortheirchildren,______theindustryaboomingmarketwithgreatpotential.A.tomake B.making C.havingmade D.made【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多中国家长愿意花钱为孩子们举办夏令营和游学活动，这使得该行业成为一个潜力巨大的蓬勃发展的市场。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故make只能做非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词making。故选B。10.Wearepleasedtoseethesuggestion______inmanyschoolstohelpfreestudentsfromtheheavyschoolwork.A.adopted B.adoptingC.adopt D.toadopt【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们很高兴地看到被许多学校采纳的这一建议，帮助学生从繁重的课业中解脱出来。“建议”和“采纳”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故选A。11.MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproduced________people’sconcernoverfoodsafety.A.toraise B.tohaveraisedC.raising D.havingraised【答案】A【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：据政府官员称，将制作更多的电视节目来提高人们对食品安全的关注。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为A。12.WithMother'sDayaroundthecorner，Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank_____________presentsformymother.A.buy B.tobuyC.buying D.havingbought【答案】B【解析】考查不定式。句意：母亲节即将来临，为了给我母亲买一些礼物，我从银行取了一些钱。表示“为了……”，作目的状语，用不定式，故选B。13.______________theirfinalmedicalcheck,theastronautsboardedtheirspacecraft.A.Received B.BeingreceivedC.Toreceive D.Havingreceived【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：接受了最后的体检后，宇航员们登上了宇宙飞船。astronauts与receive之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，而且体检发生在登上宇宙飞船之前，所以用现在分词的完成式作状语，故D项正确。14.Hearingthenews,sherushedout,________thebook________onthetableanddisappearedintothedistance.A.left;lainopen B.left;layopenedC.leaving;lieopened D.leaving;lyingopen【答案】D【解析】考查现在分词。句意：听见这个消息，她冲了出去，留在书本打开着放在桌子上，就消失在远处了。第一空leave与she构成主动关系，使用现在分词的形式。第二空thebook与lie构成主动关系，还是使用现在分词的形式，open是形容词表示状态，lyingopen是宾语补足语，对thebook进行补充说明。故D选项正确。15.Asisoftenthecase,therearealwayssomeobstaclesintheway，something________beforewerealizetherealgoalofeducation.A.tobegotthrough B.gotthroughC.gettingthrough D.havingbeengotthrough【答案】A【解析】考查不定式作定语。句意：在通常情况下，总会有一些障碍挡路，在我们实现教育的真正目标之前，有些事情是需要经历的。修饰不定代词，通常用不定式，“有些事情”和“经历”之间是被动关系，用不定式的被动式，故选A。16."Chinesedama",agroupmainly_______ofmarriedwomenbetween40and60,_______theattentionofthepublicforthefirsttimein2019.A.consisted;grabbing B.consisting;grabbingC.consisting;grabbed D.consisted;grabbed【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词的现在分词和时态。句意："中国大妈"，一群主要由已婚的年龄在40到60岁之间的妇女组成，在2019年第一次吸引了公众的注意力。第一空：agroup与consist之间是主谓关系，用现在分词短语作定语修饰agroup，表示主动关系时要使用现在分词，而过去分词表示被动，故排除A、D项；第二空：句中缺少谓语，根据时间状语in2019，要用一般过去时态，排除B项，故选C。17.Someofthem,______inruralvillages,hadneverseenatrain.A.tobebornandbroughtup B.bornandbroughtupC.havingbornandbroughtup D.havingbeenbornandbroughtup【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中的一些人，在农村长大，从来没见过火车。分析句子可知，inruralvillages部分为定语，修饰Someofthem，与其为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式，同时也是表示一种状态，故选B。18.Sofarnoonehasclaimedthemoney______inthelibrary.A.tobediscovered B.havingdiscovered C.discovered D.discovering【答案】.C【解析】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：到目前为止，还没有人认领在图书馆里发现的钱。此处themoney和discover之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故答案为C。19._______economicgrowth,variousmeasuresarebeingtakentoexpanddomesticdemand.A.Havingstabilized B.StabilizingC.Stabilized D.Tostabilize【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了稳定经济增长，正在采取措施扩大内需。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故D项正确。20._______othercountries,Chinaisabundantinnaturalresources.A.ComparewithB.ComparingtoC.ComparingwithD.Comparedwith【答案】D【解析】考查固定结构。固定句式“comparedwith/to…”意为“与…相比”，在句中充当状语修饰整个句子。句意：与其他国家相比，中国自然资源十分丰富。故D项正确。二、单词拼写21.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquickly________(calm)down.22.Theyarenowfacedwithsomedifficulties;thusmakerepeated______(request)forhelp.23.Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidthathefounditveryinterestingand______(reward).24.Trytodescribeallthethingsinan_______(organize)way.25.Thisisanewinventionthatwillhaveawiderangeof______(apply)inindustry.26.Thetownisbanningplasticbagsinan_______(努力、试图）tohelptheenvironment.27.Thetable-tennisteamofourschoolis_______(招收）newplayers.28.Withalltheinformation_______(可得到）,theyfoundthehotelinthemountaineasily.29.Weplantospendtheweekend_____(装饰）.30.Fillintheformwithyourname,home_____(地址),andphonenumber.【答案】21.calmed【解析】考查时态。句意：我把小鸡放在窝里，很快就安静下来了。And连接两个并列分句，前边分句用placed一般过去时，后边也用一般过去时，故填calmed。22.requests【解析】考查名词复数。Repeated重复要求，因此“要求”用复数形式，故填requests。23.rewarding【解析】考查动词ing形式用作形容词。句意：当被问及他对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得这很有趣，也很有价值。Rewarding用作形容词“有价值的”，故填anized/organised【解析】考查动词过去分词。句意：试着用一种有条理的方式来描述所有的事情。organized/organised“有条理的”。故填organized/organised。25.applications【解析】考查名词复数。Awiderangeof“大范围的…”of后边用可数名词复数形式，故填applications。26.attempt/effort【解析】考查名词。努力，试图：attempt/effort，前边都可以用不定冠词an，故填attempt/effort。27.admitting/recruiting【解析】考查时态。句意：我校乒乓球队正在招收新学员。招收admit/recruit,Be+动词ing构成现在进行时，故填admitting/recruiting。28.available【解析】考查形容词。句意：有了所有的信息，他们很容易在山里找到了旅馆。可得到的available形容词用作后置定语，故填available。29.decorating【解析】考查固定搭配。Spendtime/moneydoingsomething花费时间/金钱做某事，故填decorating。30.address【解析】考查名词。句意：填写你的姓名，家庭住址和电话号码。住址address，故填address。三、完成句子31.Butsomestudentsdidn’twant__________(wear)theuniform.32.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor__________(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscaneasilyseethem.33.Onestudyshowedthatwomenwhodrankalotofcoffee,likeeightormorecupsperday,whiletheywerepregnantweremorelikely__________(have)childrenwithbirthdefects.34.Largeramountsofcaffeinecancauseaproblem__________(call)caffeinism.35.Istillremember__________(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.36.Itisfarbetterthananyothermethodbecauseyouimproveyourvocabularywhile__________(read)aninterestingpieceofliterature.37.Anothernicethingisthatyoulearnbothnewwordsandtheiruseunconsciously,meaningthatyouwilltendtousethewords__________(learn)thiswayinconversationsalmostautomatically.38.Sixteenyearsearlier,Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring__________(cook)ameal.39.Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive__________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.40.Scientistshaverespondedby__________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.41.A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for__________(be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.42.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans__________(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.43.Whenwegotacall__________(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.44.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,__________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.45.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong__________(see)thebenefit.46.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof__________(die)earlybyrunning.47.Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice__________(improve)waterquality.48.China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile__________(feed)itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.49.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid__________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeel__________(challenge).50.Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme__________(stay)andwatch.【答案】31.towear【解析】考查固定用法。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。wanttodosth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。故填towear。32.cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。33.tohave【解析】考查动词不定式。此处指每天喝大量咖啡的妇女，怀孕时孩子很可能会先天畸形。表示“可能做某事”是belikelytodosth.，用动词不定式，故填tohave。34.called【解析】考查过去分词。句中problem和动词call是被动关系，指这种问题被叫做caffeinism。此处用过去分词表被动，作problem的定语，故填called。35.visiting【解析】考查动词形式。句意：我还记得探望那个在这里住了五年的朋友，当我得知她从来没有做过一次饭时，我很震惊。表示记得做过某事用rememberdoingsth.，故填visiting。36.reading【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它比任何其他方法都要好，因为你在阅读一篇有趣的文学作品的同时提高了你的词汇。逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading作状语；也可视为状语从句whileyouarereading...的省略形式。故填reading。37.learnt/learned【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：另一件好事是你无意识地学会了生词和它们的用法，这意味着你会倾向于用学到的词，这几乎是对话中自动使用的方式。learned/learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”，words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。38.tocook【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：16年前，Pahlsson把钻石戒指摘掉去做饭。这里用不定式表目的，故填tocook。39.toperform【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：跟踪北极熊数量的现代方法只是从二十世纪八十年代