2023年高考英语一轮复习话题语篇专攻练26健康饮食（一）外研版

2023年高考英语一轮复习话题语篇专攻练26健康饮食（一）外研版PAGEPAGE9话题语篇专攻练26健康饮食(二)(建议用时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AHere’sanexperiment:takeabiteofwhateverfoodyouhavenearbyandlistentosomemusic,somethingwithhighnotes.Now,takeanotherbite,butlistentosomethingwithlownotes.Noticeanything?ResearchersattheUniversityofOxfordhavebeenlookingforalinkbetweensoundandtaste.They’vefoundthathigher-pitchedmusic—thinkflutes—enhancestheflavorofsweetorsourfoods.Lower-pitchedsounds,liketubas,increasethebitterflavors.CharlesSpenceisleadingthatstudyintowhatheandhisteamcall“multi-sensoryfoodperception〞.Spencetellshowtasteisthesensethatunifiesalloftheothers.“Flavorisprobablyoneofthemostmulti-sensoryofourexperiences...becauseitdoesinvolvetasteandmoresmellthanwerealize,〞Spencesays.“Butallofthesensescometogethertogiveusthatoneunifiedexperienceofflavor.〞“Textureisoneofthemoreclearwayssoundplaysintotaste,〞Spencesays.“Thinkofthecracklingofchipsorthefizzysoundsofacarbonateddrink—soundplaysamajorroleinourexperienceofthosetextures.〞“Buttheotherplacewheresoundaffectstaste,〞Spencesays,“isintheenvironment;imaginelisteningtothesoundsoftheseawhileyou’reeatingfishataseasiderestaurant.〞Spence’steamiscurrentlyworkingonwhathecalls“synestheticsounds〞.Byaskingtasterstomatchflavorswithsounds,theydiscoveredtheconnectionbetweenhigh-pitchedsoundsandsweetsandlow-pitchedsoundsandbittertastes.“Youcanthenstartcreatingexperienceswhereyouplayparticularkindsofmusicorsoundscapetodinersortodrinkerswhilethey’retasting,〞hesays.“We’reabletoshowthatwecanchangetheexperienceinthemouthbyabout5or10percent.〞AnotheroneoftheprojectsSpence’steamhasworkedonwassomethingcalled“sonicseasoning〞.They’dtaketheresultsoftastetestsinvolvingamyriadofflavorstocomposersandsounddesigners,who’dthencraftsoundexperiencestomatchthosetasteexperiences.【文章大意】想提高你对食物的感觉吗?那么去听听音乐吧。高音调的音乐,像长笛,能增强甜味或酸味食物的味道。较低音调的音乐,像大号,能增强苦味食物的味道。1.Theaimoftheexperimentistofind______.A.howeatingspeedinfluencestasteB.howmusicalsoundaffectsyourtasteC.whatisthebestmusicforadiningroomD.whatmakeshighnotesandlownotes【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的内容和第二段的lookingforalinkbetweensoundandtaste可知,这个研究的目的是想搞清楚音乐和味觉之间的关系。2.Togetbettertaste,youcan______.A.takesomefoodwithoutsmellB.eatyoursandwichatseasideC.eatyourcrispchipsloudlyD.drinkacarbonateddrinkquietly【解析】选C。推理判断题。结合第五段的Thinkofthecracklingofchipsorthefizzysoundsofacarbonateddrink—soundplaysamajorroleinourexperienceofthosetextures.可知发脆的薯片发出的声音可以提高你对食物的口感。3.Whatmostlikelyincreasesyourflavorofsweet?A.Theviolin. B.Thetubas.C.Theguitar. D.Theflute.【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第二段的They’vefoundthathigher-pitchedmusic—thinkflutes—enhancestheflavorofsweetorsourfoods.Lower-pitchedsounds,liketubas,increasethebitterflavors.可知,高音贝的音乐可以提高食物的甜味感或酸味感,低音贝音乐可以提高苦味感,因此笛子的声音可以提高甜味感。4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Musicdestroysyourtasteforfoodsharply.B.Musiccanimprovetheflavorofyourfood.C.Musicwillreplacethesaltinyourfood.D.Musicaffectsyoursatisfactioninfood.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了音乐可以影响我们对食物的感觉,比方高音贝的音乐可以增强甜味感或酸味感,而低音贝的音乐那么增强苦味感。BWhydomanyofusfindcompletepleasureineatingrawseacreaturesbutaren’tsoinclinedtochowdownonuncookedbirds,cowsorpigs?“Abigpartofitisgravity—ortheeffectivelackofitintheocean,〞saysbiophysicistOleMouritsen.“Fisharesosoft.Youcanstickyourfingerthroughtheirmuscles.Trydoingthatwithachickenorcow.Fishmuscleisverydifferentfromthatinlandanimals.Why?Becausefishcanaffordtobelazierthanlandanimals.Fishessentiallyfloatallthetime.Fishdon’thavetosupporttheirbodyweight,sotheirmusclefibersareshorterandlesstoughthanthoseinlandanimals.〞Thesamegoesfortheconnectivetissueholdingthemusclefiberstogether:It’sdelicateandweak.Bycontrast,“Landanimals—likeourselves—arealwaysworkingtokeepthemselvesuprightandkeeptheirshape,〞Mouritsensays,“soourmusclefibersarethicker,tougherandfirmer.〞Ingeneral,themoreamuscleworks,thetougheritgets.Thisideaexplainswhythebellyofthetunaisverysoft:Thebellyofthefishisthelaziestmuscleofthemall.Incontrast,thosemusclesthataremoreactiveinatuna;theonesinitsfinsandtails,areabitmorechewierthanothermuscles.Themusclepropertiesoffishalsoexplaintherainbowofcolorsyousee.“Fishthatareconstantlyonthemove—likeatuna—havemusclesthatarealwaysworkingandburningcarbohydratesaerobically,〞Mouritsensays.Themusclesneedoxygentomakeenergy.Andthemoleculethatcarriesoxygentomusclecontainsiron.Guesswhatcolorironisinthefish?Red.Incontrast,fishthatmostlyhangoutinoneplaceoronthebottomoftheoceanhavemusclesthatdon’trelyonoxygentocreateenergy.Nooxygenmeansnoirontocarryit,whichmeansthemusclestendtobewhite.Sowhataboutthesalmon?Theyeatshellfishthatareenrichedwithapigmentthat’srelatedtocaroteneincarrots.Thispigmentcreatesthecharacteristicbluish-grayorgreencolorofrawshrimpandcrabs.Themoleculeturnsbrightpinkororangewhenthesalmoneatstheshellfishorwecookit.【文章大意】为什么我们喜欢生吃鱼肉,而不是其他的肉类呢?主要是因为鱼肉柔软,纤维短。造成这种情况的原因是鱼类可以在海里漂浮,而不用活动来支撑自己的体重等。5.AccordingtoMouritsen,fisharesoftbecause______.A.theyaretoolazytomoveallthetimeB.theydon’thaveaheavybodyweightC.theydon’tworkconstantlytofightgravityD.theyhavetoughconnectivetissues【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的Fishmuscleisverydifferentfromthatinlandanimals...areshorterandlesstoughthanthoseinlandanimals.可知,鱼可以在水中漂浮着,而不用担忧引力的问题。6.Comparingwiththemuscleintuna’sbelly,thatinitstailsis______.A.silkierB.smootherC.weaker D.firmer【解析】选D。推理判断题。结合第四段的Thebellyofthefishisthelaziestmuscleofthemall.Incontrast,thosemusclesthataremoreactiveinatuna,theonesinitsfinsandtails,areabitmorechewierthanothermuscles.可知,金枪鱼的尾巴总是活动,因此那里的肉要比腹部的肉坚韧一些。7.Thewriterdevelopsthefifthparagraphmainlyby______.A.makingacomparisonB.providinganactivityC.testinganideabyreasoningD.introducingapracticalmethod【解析】选A。文体结构题。从第五段的Incontrast,fishthatmostlyhangoutinoneplaceoronthebottomoftheoceanhavemusclesthatdon’trelyonoxygentocreateenergy.可知,在谈论鱼的颜色的时候,这一段主要通过比照活动的鱼和不积极活动的鱼产生不同的颜色表达的。8.Whenwecookthesalmon,itbecomes______.A.green B.pinkororangeC.bluish-gray D.redandwhite【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的Themoleculeturnsbrightpinkororangewhenthesalmoneatstheshellfishorwecookit.可知,烹调鲑鱼的时候,它们会变成粉红色或橙色。9.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WhyfishbecomealittlecolorfulB.Whygravityaffectsfish’smuscleC.WhywegethookedonrawfishD.Whysomefishhavespecialcolors【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文主要说明了我们喜欢生吃鱼肉,而不会生吃其他肉类的原因,因此C符合主题。Ⅱ.阅读填句根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howcanwelivebetter?It’sabigquestionfor2022,whatwithfinancialbelt-tighteningandtheneedtobecomemoregreen.It’sanopportunitytoseize,notshirk;achancetofocusonwhatreallycounts.Diet,butnottoloseweight.Forthere’samoreinterestingandenrichingreasonforeatingless.Enjoyless,notmore.__1__That’stherealtestforusinaconsumerage.Worktolive,don’tlivetowork.Inayearthatwillbemarkedbymorejobinsecurityandcreditcrises,itwillbeeveneasiertoworksohardthatyoumisswhatyouwant.Meetafriendfacetoface,whenyoumighthavechattedonline.Friendssitdownwitheachother,notjustovertheoccasionalmeal,butfrequentlyandoften.__2__Textingandwebsitesarepartofmodernfriendship,butalone,theyarenotenough.Starteachdaybyconsideringtheworstthatcanhappen.__3__Buttheoddthingisthatitisn’t.Infact,thedaywillneverlookbetter.Sohugtheworst;itprobablywon’thappen.Andenjoytheday.__4__Thereisasourceofknowledgeandinsightallaroundus,andyetwebarelynoticeit’sthere.It’snotGoogle.It’sthestrangerswithwhomweshareourworld.Whatisfriendship,whatishappiness,whatislove?Itwasanextraordinarythingtodo,andledtonothinglessthantheinventionofphilosophy.__5__Ifthere’sonequalitythatyouneednotjusttolive,buttolivewell,it’scuriosity.Withthat,you’llreallyseetheworld,andyourlife,andimagineitinadifferentlight.Poetryishard,soturnyourobservationsintoablog.Andseehowyouseethingsdifferently.A.Then,youseeeachother’sbodyandsoul.B.Dosomethingthatwillsurpriseyourfriends.C.Itsoundslikearecipeforpessimism.D.Talktoastranger.E.Takeatechnology.F.Pleasureinsmallthings.G.Writeablogforoneweek.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了在新的一年里,怎样生活得更好的一些实际方法。1.【解析】选F。与空格前面的Enjoyless,notmore信息相一致。2.【解析】选A。与空格前面的Friendssitdownwitheachother朋友们经常在一起,和A的信息相符。3.【解析】选C。与前面的byconsideringtheworst“考虑坏事〞相符。4.【解析】选D。与下文的It’sthestrangerswithwhomweshareourworld中的strangers一致。5.【解析】选G。与下文的soturnyourobservationsintoablog中的blog一致。Ⅲ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(/)画掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearPeter,I’mverygratefulforyourconcernaboutmycomingexam.Totellyoutruth,Ihavebeenbusypreparefortheexamre