人教版高中英语必修二Unit 4 History and Tradition 单词与短语的用法课件

第二册Unit4HistoryandTradition

单元知识点1.Confuciusn孔子Confucian

[kənˈfjuʃən]adj孔子的；儒学的

Confucianschool儒家学派TheRomanceoftheThreekingdoms2.KongFamilyMansion孔府TempleofConfucius孔庙CemeteryofConfucius孔林AdreaminRedMansion红楼梦3.Philosophyn哲学philosopher[fɪˈlɒsəfə]n哲学家4.descendantn后裔；后代descendvi[dɪˈsɛnd]下降；落下；是什么的后裔2plus3is5timeminus减-5.Individualvtdividevt分开divide…into…把…分成…vt除；除以6dividedby2is3n分歧bridgethedigitaldivide/gapbetween…and…

消除…和…之间的数字鸿沟

6.Achille’sheel阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点---Jackstillcan’thelpbeinganxiousabouthisjobinterview.-----LackofconfidenceishisAchille’sheel,Iamafraid.类似的短语：Areyouforreal,orareyoujustpullingmyleg?Surroundedbyacrowdofstrangers,shefeltlikeafishoutofwater.----Whydidn’tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?-----Well,youknowhe’sawetblanket.

类似的还有：laughone’sheadoff大笑不止；狂笑不止child’splay很容易的事laststraw救命稻草aluckydog幸运儿raincatsanddogs瓢泼大雨；倾盆大雨

同某人开玩笑因环境不熟悉而感到不舒服或尴尬的人扫兴的人或事7.chiefeditor主编8.puzzlen谜；疑问awordpuzzle一个字谜

solveapuzzle解决难题handle2）vt迷惑；使困惑puzzleover/aboutsth苦苦思索…puzzlesb使某人困惑PeoplehavelongPuzzledabouthowtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.3)puzzledadj感到困惑的说明人的感受或者修饰人的表情和声音等sbbepuzzledbysth被…迷惑；feelpuzzled感到困惑相由心生puzzlingadj令人困惑puzzlementn迷惑；困惑

Thegirllookedatmewitha__________expression.

Maybe

the

problem

was

quite________.（puzzle）

Facingthe__________situation,thechiefmanagerlooked_______.（puzzle）

Puzzledpuzzlingpuzzlingpuzzled9.nearby=surroundingadj附近的（nearby可做前置定语和后置定语；surrounding只做前置定语）adv在附近nearbypark=parknearby=surroundingpark10.joinAto/andB把…和…连接或者联结起来=connectAwith/to/andBbejoinedto被连接到…入党jointheclub/thearmy/theleague/theparty加入俱乐部、参军，入团joinin=takepartin=participatein=be

involved

in参加joinsb加入某人joinsbindoingsth和某人一起做某事1)Everyindividualor

group

is

joined

______

the

world

by

the

Internet.2).Intheeveningtherewereabarbecue,withthewholevillage_______(join)inthefun.

tojoining11.breakawayfrom脱离；背叛；逃脱1）Withsomanyproblemsunsettled,afewcountrieswantedto_____________（脱离）theUnion.2).Theboy__________________(挣脱）hismotherandranaway.

breakdownvia(车）抛锚了/出故障了;b（计划、和谈）失败了;c（身体)垮掉breakintovt强行闯入主谓宾Hebrokeintothehousebreakinvi强行闯入；插嘴（=cutin）主谓Hebrokeinbreakthroughvt突破Hebrokethroughthefrontlineoftheenemy.breakoutvi(战争、火灾等）突然爆发Tomandhisgirlfriendbrokeup=Tombrokeupwithhisgirlfriendbreakupvi（学校）放假；（关系）破裂；（集会）结束Ourschoolhasbrokenupbreakup

with

sb和某人分手反义短语：makeupwithsb和某人和好3).Itwasthefactthathiscarbroke______onthewaythisafternoonthatmadehimlateforthemeeting.同位语从句

4)Thefirebroke_____duringtheday,andthereforealmostnoonewasinjured.5）Whenwillyourschool/themeetingbreak__________?6）Jimsoonbreakup______hisgirlfriendbecauseofmisunderstanding.With

breakawayfrombrokeawayfromdownoutupwith12.belongto属于既无被动又无进行时,做后置定语用ing形式belongings(pl)(一定用复数）=wealth(不可数n)所有物；财产；财物1）ProfessorSmithkeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture___________(属

于）them.2）Hewasupsetthatthevaluablewatch_____________him(属于）waslostyesterday.3).Theoldhouse________(belong)tomygrandfatherwasstillingoodcondition.4).Ijustescapedfromthefloodandallmy________(belong)were

sweptaway.belongingsbelongstobelongingtobelongingtobelongings13.1).Aaswellas/togetherwith/alongwith/withB不但B而且A（强调A）

谓语动词用“就远原则”notonlyAbutalsoB

不但A而且B（强调B）谓语动词用“就近原则”

Peter

aswellashisfriends________(like)tolistentoclassicalmusic.Notonlyhebutalsohisbrothers______________(work)likemadatthemoment.

翻译：她不但种花而且种菜（两种翻译方法）2).aswellas可以连接并列的单词和短语平行结构(如果是不定式，还是去掉to用动词原形）

Wearerepairingtheroofaswellas______(paint)thewalls.Shecansingaswellas________(跳舞).Youcan’t

expect

her

to

do

the

houseworkaswellas__________(照顾）thechildren.Itwasagoodtimetodisplaythekitesaswellas_________(enjoy)thewarmweatherandthefreshair.(2020年高一期末语法填空题）3).

as

well

as和…一样好

HecanspeakEnglishaswellasyoucan.4).

aswellas除了…之外,第二个as是介词=except

As

well

as

_______(know)someRussian,shespeaksEnglishverywell.

likesareworkingShecangrowvegetablesaswellasflowers.Shecangrownotonlyflowersbutalsovegetables.paintingdancelookafterenjoyknowing5).aswell：

也,前面没有逗号，放于句末

用于肯定句：IlikeEnglishaswell句末=IlikeEnglish,too.句末=IalsolikeEnglish.句中Either用于否定句Idon’tlikeEnglisheither.14.currencyn货币；通货adjcurrent当前的；流行的

entence/ency

currentlyadv当前；目前now15.defencen防御；保卫indefenceof为…辩护；保卫defendvt1).defend…from/against…保护…免受伤害；保卫…defendone’scountry保卫国家(againsttheenemy)2).defend

vt为…辩护defendsb/oneself为某人/自己辩护

我们的职责是保卫国家不受敌人侵犯。Ourdutyistodefendthecountry_______itsenemies.Thousandsofyoungmencameforward,willingto_________________________。(保卫他们的国家）Hehad

a

lawyer

to

______________(为他辩护）incourt.16.legaladj合法的;法律的illegaladj不合法的legalsystem法律制度legaladviser法律顾问17.surroundvt包围surroundsthwithsth用…包围…besurroundedby/with被…包围系表结构surroundingadj周围的附近的（只做前置定语）surroundings（pl）

环境1).Thepoet____________________________(被包围）acrowdofpeople,eagertohearhisspeech.2).MrsWhitefoundherhusband______________(surround)bylettersandpapersandlookingveryworried.3).____________(surround)by

theclearwaters,thisforestprovidesvisitorswithawonderfulchancetoseesomeendangeredbirdsinthewild.4).Theyliveinabeautifulvillage,withmanytreesandflowers____________(surround)it.

againstdefendtheircountrydefendhimwassurroundedby/withsurroundedSurroundedsurrounding18.evidence【U】证据；证明

apieceofevidence一条证据gather/collect

evidence收集证据Thereisevidencethat有证据表明…evidentadj明显的Itisevident/apparent/obvious

that…很明显…

[əˈpɛrənt]

[ˈɒbvɪəs]1).

All

the

scientific

evidence

______(show)

thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming_______(be)damagingourhealth.越来越多的2).________________________(有证据表明）theshipsankinabombattack.3).________________________(很明显）themanishighlythoughtinthecompany.ItisevidentthatshowsisThereisevidencethatItisapparent19.achievement1)【C】成就；成绩

asenseofachievement成就感asenseofhumor幽默感

makeanachievement/achievements取得成就2)【U】达到不可数nachievevt达到；实现achieveone’saim/goal达到目的、实现目标1).

Theyfeltagreatsenseof_________toseetheirchildren’s______________.(achieve)2).

Theevidenceshowsthatthey______________________________inmanyways.（已经取得巨大成就20.Location【C】n地点；位置theexactlocation确切的位置locatevt1).找到…的位置locatethecityinthemap在地图上找到这个城市2).坐落于belocated坐落于、位于

1).

China_________________(位于）intheeastofAsiawiththeareaof9,600,000

squarekilometers.islocated2).

Pingyi_____________（locate）atthefootofMountMengisabeautifulcity.located后置定语

achievementachievementshavemadegreatachievementsislocatedlocated21.conquervt占领；征服conquerorn征服者22.battlen战役win/losethebattle赢得/输掉一场战役vt搏斗battle/fight/strugglewith/againstsb

(the

enemy)与某人（敌人）战斗battle/fight/struggle

for

…为…而奋斗；为…而战Shehasbattled

________cancerfortwoyears.Workers

are

battling

________equalrights.23.Portn港口exportnvt出口importnvt进口transportvt运输ex-向外im-进入trans-24.fascinating=charming=attractiveadj迷人的25.Keepyoureyesopen（forsth/sb）

留心；留意keepupwith跟上；保持同步keepback隐瞒keepbackthesecret隐瞒秘密keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人干某事keep/goondoingsth继续做某事keepdoingsth不停地做某事keepoff使不接近keepoffthegrass远离草坪keepfit保持健康keepone’spromise履行诺言keepin

touch

with与…保持联系Keepyour

eyes

open

________theboyinaredsweater.

againstforfor26.Charge1).vt

收费chargesbsomemoneyforsth因某物向某人收费…n收费freeofcharge=forfree=fornothing免费---Howmuchdoyouchargeme_____it?---Infactitisfree____chargeattheweekend.

这件衣服他要了我100元。2).

vt控告chargesbwithsth/doingsth控告某人做某事=accusesbofsthHewascharged_______murderandsentencedtodeath.3).Vt充电chargethebattery给电池充电4).

n主管sbbeinchargeofsth某人主管某物=sbtakechargeofsth

sthbeinthechargeofsb某物由某人来主管Theman_____________________(主管）thegalleryannouncedthatanexhibitionofpaintingswillbeheld.Theprogrammeis_________________MrZhang.forofHechargedme100yuanforthecoat.withinchargeof

inthechargeof27.announcevt宣布；声称announcementn宣布；通知

announcesthtosb=announcetosbsth向某人宣布某事（explain）

As

isannounced,=Itisannouncedthat据报道makeanannouncementthat

宣布1).ThespokesmanoftheForeignMinistryannouncedthenews_______thereporters.2).______isannouncedintoday’snewspaper,theyhavesucceededinsolvingmanyproblemsaboutthenewtechnology.=______isannouncedintoday’snewspaperthatthey…….3).They________________________(宣布/向我们宣布）thattheywouldpublishanewbook.explainsthtosb=explaintosbsth非限制性定语从句主语从句同位语从句

toAsItmadeanannouncement/announcedtous28.amountn数量1).Alargeamountof+不可数名词+谓语单数largeamountsof+不可数名词+谓语复数

Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,alargeamountofgoodearth_____(be)beingwashedawayeachyear.There______(be)largeamountsofvaluableinformationabouttheOlympicGames.Tomydisappointment,alargeamountofmoney___________(waste)sofar.2).Viamounttoa.共计(=addupto)；b.等同于(beequalto)Hisdebtsamounttoover$20,000.Hisansweramountstoarefusal.

isarehasbeenwasted29.approach1).a.n方法theapproachtodoingsth=thewaytodosth/thewayofdoingsth

b.n接近withtheapproachof随着…的临近Thebestapproachto_________(explore)thepuzzleistokeepyoureyesopen.

翻译：随着考试的临近，我越来越紧张。2).Vtvi接近：approachsp接近某地；beeasytoapproach容易接近

着手处理：approachaproblem着手处理一个问题Theexpertisaperson_____________________________(容易接近）

exploring

Withtheapproachoftheexam,Ibecameincreasinglynervous.easytoapproachHeisapproachingthehouse.30.ensurevt保证；确保ensurethesafetyof…确保…的安全Theseroadfacilitiesareused__________(ensure)thesafetyofthecyclists.Thepolice’sdutyisto____________________（确保…的安全）citizens.31.generousadjgenerosity[dʒɛnəˈrɒsəti]n慷慨；大方generouslyadv1).adj慷慨的;大方的begenerouswithsth在…方面很大方

bemeanwithsth在…方面很吝啬It’sgenerousofsbtodosth某人做某事真是慷慨2).adj宽宏大量的begeneroustosb对某人很宽厚bemeantosb对某人很刻薄3).adj丰富的Therewillbegenerouspaintingsonshow.Thesevolunteersareeverygenerous_____theoldmen.Theyoungmanisverygenerous______histimeinhelpingothers.It’sgenerous______youtolendyourportablecomputertome.toensureensurethesafetyoftowithof人的品格32.ancestor=forefather祖先33.positionn位置（location）；姿态；职位；处境position/case/situation/point/stage/system/scene模糊地点先行词如果句子中不缺成分用where引导定语从句1).Salesdirectorisaposition_______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.2).Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcases______beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguagesproperly.3).It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_____theycanseethemselvesdifferently.4).Untiltoday,wehavereachedastage______wehavealmostnorightsatall.5).Ihavereachedapointinmylife_______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.wherewherewherewherewhereHesitsinacomfortableposition.姿势Heholdsthepositionasamanager.担任…职位Heisinadifficultposition______hehasn’tenoughmoneytofinishhisstudies.处境34.eageradj热切的；渴望的eagernessn渴望

beeager/anxious/dyingforsth渴望某事beeagertodosth渴望做某事Thelittlegirl,whoishelpedbytheProjectHope,iseager_____knowledgeandeager_________(make)progress.35.poetn诗人poemn诗36.feastn盛宴；节日be

afeastfortheeyesandears视觉和听觉盛宴Thepeacefullandscapeoftheislandisatruefeastfortheeyes.ListeningtotheMozart’smusicisafeastfortheears.

wherefortomake37.roll1).vtvi翻滚；滚动rollonthegrass在草坪上翻滚

rolldownthewindow摇下车窗2).卷；翻滚arolloffilm一卷胶卷38.dot1).

n点Iwatchedtheplaneuntilitbecameadotinthesky.2).vt加点；遍布bedottedwitha点缀