上海名校高中自主招生英语阅读理解（培优）第4讲：任务型阅读（读后填空）（含答案）

第04讲：名校高中任务型阅读（阅读后填空）

❖考点归纳、考前巩固、真题链接

以解题技巧A

任务型阅读题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能力和

概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求。

1.明确阅读任务

同学们在做题的时候，首先要先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读，这样

就能做到心中有数，有针对性地去读，才能提高阅读效率。

2.读全文，了解大意

明确任务后，要迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图等。因

为大家知道在材料后的问题设置中，经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目，需要全篇考

虑，这类题目有时可以从文中直接找到答案，但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题难度较大，对

文章还得再读一读，才能总结出来。

3.再次阅读，逐题突破

第一遍泛读之后，同学们对后面的问题，已经有所了解，然后大家就可以用跳读的方式来寻找

答案。还有一类情况大家要注意，就是要求同学们要解读深层含义的题。这一类题属于难度较大的

题。在做这一类型题的时候，同学们要捕捉文章中有关的信息，把握文章的内在逻辑关系，立足原

文，从字里行间捕捉一些线索，悟出作者想表达的深层含义。

4.通读全文，仔细检查

在完成所有任务后，同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍，认真核实答案，同时必须检查一

下书写是否规范，句子的时态、人称、单复数、语态、词性、主谓搭配等是否正确，这是答题的最

后一步，也是很关键的一步。

Q典例剖析A

HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpectedIcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean.Some

piecesoficearehuge,likemovingislands.Astemperatureshaveincreased,however,someoftheicehas

beguntodisappear.Scientistshavediscoveredhugewavesinthearcticwaters.Thewaveswerediscovered

byaccidentinMay,2010.

ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicy

waters.Theshiptravelledeastandstoppednexttoalargeblockoficearound50milesfromthesmall

islandofHopen.Marchenkopreparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheice.1'WewerereadytogobutwhenI

wentout,Idiscoveredmanycracksaround,"heremembers.Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheice

tokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,hethought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.

Astheypushedforward,however,theshipexperiencedsmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,the

wavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhis

teamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.Theship'snavigationsystemfinallyrecordedthelargest

waves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesofice

tojumpupanddown,breakingtheiceintosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadnever

imaginedthattheprocesscouldhappensofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.Thespeedand

forceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhentheyarecoming.Thatcouldbe

dangerousfbrnavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunpreparedforhugewavedordependonseaice

toprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.Somescientists

thinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.Aswavesbreakupice，seaswillbemore

open,waveswillbestronger.Therearestomytimesahead.

根据短文内容，请用完整句子回答下列问题。

(1)Marchenkoandhisstudentsdiscoveredhugewavesinthewatersin,2010.

(2)Theicearoundtheshipwasintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaveswhenthe

shipmovedintotheice.

(3)Thelargestwavesrecordedbythesystemweremorethan20feetin.

(4)Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependontoliveisalsoindangerbecauseofthehuge

waves.

(5)Peoplewillsoonseeevenwavesinwaters.

【答案】

【小题I]arctic,May

【小题2]broken,up

【小题3]navigation,height.

【小题4]sea,ice

[小题5]bigger,icy

【解析】

(1)细节理解题。根据ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAleksey

Marchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.可知，这些海浪是2010年5月偶然发现的。科学家阿列

克西•马尔琴科和他的学生们开始了一次旅行。所以马尔琴科和他的学生2010年5月在北极水域发

现巨浪的。

(2)Theicearoundtheshipwasbrokenupintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves.ZW节理解题。

根据Soon,lhewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.可知，很快，巨浪

把船周围的冰破碎成/成千上万的小块。所以当船进入冰层时，船周围的冰被海浪打碎成成千上万

的小块。故答案为Theicearoundtheshipwasbrokenupintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves.

(3)Theyweremorethan20leetinheight.细节理解题。根据Theship'snavigationsystemfinally

recordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.可知，船上的导航系统最终记录到/

最大的海浪。海浪高达20多英尺。所以导航系统记录的最大海浪超过20英尺高。

(4)Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.细节理解题。根据Wildlife

likepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.可知，像北极熊这样依靠海冰生存的野生

动物也面临危险。故答案为Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.

(5)Peoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.推理判断题。根据Somescientiststhink

peoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.可知，一些科学家认为，人们很快就会在冰冷的

海水中看到更大的海浪。所以在这些冰冷的海水里人们会看到更大的海浪。故答案为Peoplewill

soonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.

文章讲了讲述了巨浪以比预期更快的速度摧毁了极圈的冰块。冰层覆盖了北冰洋的大部分地区。有

些冰层是巨大的，就像移动的岛屿。然而，随着温度的升高，有些冰层已经开始消失。科学家在北

冰洋水域发现了巨大的海浪。这些海浪是2010年5月偶然发现的。科学家阿列克西•马尔琴科和他

的学生们开始了一次旅行。他们想研究冰冷的海水。

以实战演练一

1.NewYear^plans

TheNewYeariscoming.Inmyfamily,everyonehasaNewYear's(A).Mygrandfatheris

goingtotakemoreexercisenextyear.Heisseventy-twoyearsoldnow.Hewantstokeephealthyandlive

tobemoreIhan100yearsold.Mygrandmotherwishesmyunclecanhaveagirlfriendsoon,butmy

unclehopestogotoAustraliaforavisit.Myfatherisgoingtofindanewjobtomakemoremoney.My

motherwantstobuyabighousewiththreeroomsinQingdao.Mysisterisgoingtotakesinginglessons,

(B)shewantstobeasinger.MybrotherandIaregoingtostudyhardinschool.Webothwantto

enteragooduniversity(大学).Iwritedownourplansonapieceofpaperandputituponthewall.Ihope

everyone'sdreamcancometrueinthecomingyear.

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

1.在文中(A)(B)两处填入合适的单词。词意猜测题

(A)(B)

2.从文中找出和所给句子意义相同的句子。细节理解题

Bothofuswouldliketogotoaniceuniversity.

3.把文中划线句子译成汉语。句意理解题

4.Whydoesthewriter'sfatherwanttofindanewjob?细节理解题

5.Whydoesthewriterwritedowntheirplansandputthemonthewall?推理判断题

答案:

1.plan;because

2.Webothwanttoenteragooduniversity.

3.他想保持健康并且活到100多岁。

4.Becausehewantstomakemoremoney.

5.Remembertheirplansandworkhardtomakethemcometrue.

2.

Yougetupinthemorningandlookintothemirror.Yourfaceisyoung-looking.In2035,medical

technologyisbetterthanever.Manypeopleofyouragecouldlivetobe150,soat40,you'renotoldatall.

Andyourparentsjusthadananti-aging（抗衰老的）treatment.Now,threeofyoualllookthesameage!

Youwalkintothekitchen.Youpickupthemilk,butavoicesays,“Youshouldn'tdrinkthat!”Your

fridgehasreadthechip（芯片）ofinformationaboutthemilk,anditknowsthemilkisold.In2035,every

pieceoffoodinthegrocerystorehassuchachip.

It'stimetogotowork.In2035,carsdrivethemselves.Justtellyour“smartcar"wheretogo.Onthe

way,youcancallafriendbyusingyourjacketsleeve（袖子）.Such“smarttechnology^^isallaroundyou.

Sowillallthesethingscometrue?"Fornewtechnologytosucceed,saysscientistAndrewZolli,64it

hastobesomuchbetterthatittakestheplacesofwhatwehavealready.^^TheInternetisoneexample.

Whatwillbethenext?

1.判断正误（T/F）In2035,youarestillyoungifyouare40yearsold.

2.补充句子Yourparentsandyouallbecausetheyjusthadananti-agingtreatmentintheyear

of2035.

3.简略回答问题Whydoesyourfridgeknowyourmilkisold?

4.简略回答问题Howcanyoucallafriendonyourwaytoworkin2035?

5.翻译下划线句子。

答案：

1.T

2.lookthesameage

3.Becausemyfridgehasreadthechipofinformationaboutthemilk

4.Byusingmyjacketsleeve

5.在路上，你可以用夹克衫的袖子给朋友打电话。

本文是一篇科技小短文，文章主要畅想了未来科技在人们日常生活中所带来的变化。

3.

Hello,everyone1WelcometoLondonClimbingCenter.Itisopensixdaysaweekfrom9a.m.to5

p.m.anditisclosedonMondays.Manypeopleenjoyclimbingherebecauseitisfunanditalsohelps

peopleforgettheirworries.Andherearesometipsforyou.First,whenyoucometothecenter,checkinat

themaingateanditistwentypoundsforaperson.Thenthemostimportantequipment（装备）tohaveis

goodshoes.Theyneedtobehalfasizesmallerthanyourusualsize.Thenextthingyouneedisahat.It

mustbehardandyouhavetowearitatalltimeswhileclimbing.

Climbingisveryexcitingforpeopleofdifferentages.Climbersmustbecareful.Youmustn'tclimb

withoutarope,whichallowsyoutomovefreely,butwillholdyouupifyoufall.Donrtlistentopersonal

musicplayersortalkonamobilephonewhileclimbing.Tokeeptheroomcleanandtidy,remembernotto

eatordrinkanywhereexceptintherestaurant.Manythanks.

Formoreinformation,pleasecallusat73238266oryoucansendyouremailtoinformation@LICC.com.

Wishyouaniceday!

LondonIndoor___1.___Center

Openinghours：Pleasenote：

9：00-17：002.-SundayCheckinatthemaingate.

Climbwithsomeone.

Charge：

Weara___4.___atalltimes.

£____3.___eachWeartherightclimbingshoes.

Don'tclimbwithoutarope.

Contactus：

Don'ttalkonamobilephonewhileclimbing.

Informationdesk：73238266

Don'teatordrinkanywhereexceptintherestaurant.

Email:information@LICC.com

5.Youmustn'tclimbwithoutarope.

答案：1.climbing2.Tuesday3.204.hat5.Youmustn'tclimbwithoutarope.

4.

Anewsubwaytrain,usingcarbonfibertechnology,hascompleteditsfirsttrialruninQingdao,

ShandongProvince.ltincludessixcarriages（车厢）andhasthelatestcarbonfibertechnology.

Calledthe“subwaytrainofthefuture^,itshowsthemostadvanced（先进的）technologyofmaking

subwaytrainsandisexpectedtobringnewexperiencestopassengers,accordingtoitsdeveloperofCRRC

QingdaoSifangCo.Ltd.

“Itwillbethedirectionfbrfuturesubwaytrainstobecomelighterandenergysaving,“saidDing

Sansan,anengineer.“Thenewsubwaytrainis13percentlighterthanthetraditionalonebyusingcarbon

fibermaterialsinthemainbody,thedriver'scabandthecarriage.Thenewtrainwouldbecomesmarterand

passengerscansurftheInternetandwatchvideosandTVprograms.^^

Withaspeedofupto140kilometresperhour,it'smuchfasterthantraditionalsubwaytrains.Thenew

traincanfindtheonroutefaultearlyandstarttherepairworkrightawaywhenneeded.Thenewtrainis

alsousedfullyautomatic（自动的）technologyforthefirsttime,anditcancontrolshakesinthebestway.

Thenewtrainhasbecomemoreflexible（灵活的）.Besides,itisalsoabletoruninbadconditions,suchas

hotandcolddays.Asthelatestproduct,ithasnoorderssofar.

Inrecentyears,CRRCQingdaoSifangCo.Ltd.hasmadegreateffortstodevelopoverseasmarket.Sofar,

itsproductshavebeensoldto25countriesandareasintheworld.

Outline

Fact：

Anewsubwaytrainwiththe___I.___carbonfibertechnologyhascompleteditsfirsttrialrunin

Qingdao,ShandongProvince.

Advantages:

Itismuch_2.—byusingcarbonfibermaterials.Itissmarter,sopassengerscangoonlinefreely.

Itismuchfasterwithaspeedofupto140kilometresperhour.Itcanfindthefaultandrepairitself.And

withtheautomatictechnology,itisableto_3.—shakesinthebestway.

Itismoreflexibleandoperatesnormallywithoutconsideringthe__4._.

Conclusion：

Thoughthenewproducthasnoorderssofar,CRRCQingdaoSifang*sproductsareacceptedwidelyinthe

world.

答案：1.latest2.lighter3.control4.weather

HaveyoueverheardofIceland?IcelandisaEuropeancountry.Itusedtobeoneoftherichest

countriesintheworld.Itstotalareais103thousandsquarekilometers.SummerinIcelandisveryshort,

whichlastsfromJunetoAugust.ItswinterstartsfromSeptemberandendsnextMay.

In1980,Icelandstartedtodevelopitstouristindustry.Fortyyearshaspassedsincethen.Insummer,

plentyoftouristsfromallovertheworldcomeheretohaveavisit.Inwinter,peopleinIcelandhaveto

spendthelongdarknight.Theyusuallyhavealotofspecialactivities,suchasskating,ridingsnow

motorbikesandhavingpartiestohaveanexcitingnight.

Becauseofalongcoldwinter,Icelandhasashortgrowingseason.Foodproblemwasalwaysa

headacheforIcelandinthepast.Nowtheproblemisbeingsolved.

Iceland—aCountryin1.

Itstotalarea103.0002.kilometers

WhenIcelandstartedtodevelopitstouristindustryFortyyears3.

WhatpeopledotohaveanexcitingnightinwinterThey4.ridesnowmotorbikesandhaveparties.

WhyIcelandhasashort5.seasonBecauseofalongcoldwinter

答案:1.Europe2.square3.ago4.skate5.growing

Whydopeoplesavetheirmoneyinbanks?Whynotkeepitathome?Firstofalbthievesmightbreak

intoyourhouseandstealyourmoney.Banks,though,havealarmsandguardstoprotectit.Anotherreason

isthatyourmoneycangrowinthebank.Whenyouputmoneyinasavingsaccount,thebankpaysyou

someextramoneyeachmonth.Themoneyyouputiniscalledadeposit.Themoneythebankpaysyoufor

yourdepositistheinterest.Theinterestyouearndependsontheinterestrate.Let'ssayyoudeposited$1,

000inthebankandtheinterestrateis2%ayear.Inthatcase,youwillearn$20ayearasinterest.

Whywouldbanksprotectyourmoneyandstillpayyouinterest?Thereasonisthatbankstakeyour

depositandlendittootherpeople.Whenpeoplebuyexpensivethingssuchashousesorcars,orruna

business,theyneedalotofmoney.Whentheydon'thaveenough,theyborrowfrombanks.Thismoneyis

calledaloan.Afterthat,theseborrowers（借款人）paybackthemoneyinsmallamountseachmonthfor

severalyears.Theyalsohavetopayinterest.Thisinterestismuchhigherthantheinterestbankspayfor

deposits.Thisisonewaybanksmakemoney.Thebankneedsdepositssothatitcanmakemoneyby

lendingmoney.lbencouragepeopletokeeptheirmoneyinthebank,thebankpaystheminterest.So,

areyougoingtoopenasavingsaccountsoonandletyourmoneygrow?

Howabankworks

First,youputyourmoneyintoa_1._accountinthebank.

Thenthebanklendsyourmoneyasa_2.____tootherpeoplewhoneedit.

Howmuchtheinterestyoucangetfromthebankdependsontheinterest_3.___.Inthisway,banksmake

money.

Later,the____4.____paybackthemoneywithinterest.Anditismuch_5._____thanthemoneythebankpays

foryou.

答案:1.savings2.Ioan3.rate4.borrowers5.higher

7.

Theworldhasmanybeautifulsounds.Wecanhearthesongsofbirdsandthelaughterofpeople.We

canlistentocoolmusicandnewsreports.Andit'sallbecauseofourears!Theybringusaworldofsounds.

Butsomepeoplecan'thearanysoundatall.Somearebom①deaf.Otherscanhearwellintheir

childhood,buttoomanyloudsoundshurttheirearslateron.

ManypeopleinChinacan'thearordinary（普通的）soundsclearly.Alargenumberofthemare

children.Mostofthemarebornwithgoodhearing.But6childrenoutofevery1,000havehearing

problemswhentheyarebom.Andifachildhashearingproblems,usuallyheorshewillalsohavelearning

problemsatschool.

Alotofthingscancausehearingproblems.Forexample,toomuchearwax（耳垢）isnotgoodforour

hearing.Andnoiselouderthan85decibels（分贝）canhurtourearsandmakeusloseourhearingfora

shorttimeorevenforever.

Hearingisimportantforallofus.②Soweshoulddoourbesttogiveourearsspecialcare.Don't

forgettodothefollowing:

•Trytostayawayfromplaceswithtoomuchnoise.Ifyouhavetogo,wearearplugs（耳塞）.Apairof

goodearplugscancutthenoiseby30decibels.

•Whenswimming,remembertoputearplugsintoyourearstostopwaterfromgettingin.

•Neverputanythingsharp（尖锐的）intoyourears.Ifyouthinkyouhavetoomuchearwax,askyour

mumordadtohelpyoucleanitout.

Ifyoukeepthesethingsinmind,youwon'thavetroubleinhearingsounds.

1.任务一选出文中划线单词①的词义。

A.聋的B.不愿意听的C.不理的D.瞎的

2.任务二回答问题。

Whatproblemswillthechildrenalsohaveiftheirhearingispoor?

3.任务三完成句子，每空不超过三个词。

1Loudernoisecanhurtthechildren'searsandmakethemlosetheir_____forashorttimeoreven

forever.

2Weshouldputearplugsintoourearswhileswimmingtostopwaterfromourears.

3Thewritetellsushowtoourears.

4.任务四从文中找出可以替代下列的词汇或短语。

1many-2common-

3awhile-4haveproblem-

答案：

1.A

2.