-新教材高中英语课时练习6UNIT2Outofthisworld6含解析译林版选择必修性必修第三册

PAGEPAGE5课时分层作业(六)Ⅰ.阅读理解ATheearthistheonlyplanetthatscientiststhinkhaslife.Whydoestheearthhavelifewhiletheotherplanetsdon't？Foronething，theearthhasjusttherighttemperature.Asthethirdplanetfromthesun，theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceaway.Theplanetswhichareclosertothesunaresohotbecausetheirsurfacesarebaked(炙烤)inthesun.Thefarthestplanetsarecoldballs.Whentheearthdeveloped—whichscientistsbelievemayhavehappenedabout4billionyearsago—manygasescoveredtheearth.Thegasescausedtheearthtobehot.Butsomethingwonderfulhappened.Thetemperaturewasjustrightforthickcloudstoform.Itrainedveryhardforaverylongtime.Thisgavetheearthitsoceans.Watermadeitpossibleforplantstogrow.Theplantscreatedoxygenintheatmosphere.Oxygenisthegasthathumansandanimalsbreathe.Anotherplanetinthesolarsystemseemstobesomethingliketheearth.ThatplanetisMars.Marsissmallerthantheearth，anditisquiteabitcooler.Butitisnottoocoldforhumans.Onsomedays，thetemperaturesareaslowasawinterdayinthenorthernUnitedStates.Ifyouworeaspecialspacesuit，youcouldwalkaroundonMars.Youwouldhavetobringyourownairtobreathe，astheaironMarsistoothintobreathe.Marshasthelargestvolcano(火山)inthesolarsystem.Itissixteenmileshigh.Thehighestvolcanoontheearthisfivemileshigh.ThemostunexpectedsightonMarsisdried­upriverbeds.ScientistsbelievethatMarswasoncemuchbetterthanitisnow.DoesthismeantherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsonMars？Scientistsarenotsure，buttherehasbeennosignsofar.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章先说明地球上存在生命的原因；又对比了火星与地球，说明火星与地球最相似。1．Whatisitontheearththatmakeslifepossible?A．Temperature.B．Water.C．Oxygen.D．Temperature，waterandoxygen.D[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thetemperaturewasjustrightfor...Watermadeitpossibleforplantsgogrow...thegasthathumansandanimalsbreathe.”可知，温度、水和氧气使地球上出现生命成为可能，故选D项。]2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thethirdplanet”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A．Thesun. B．Themoon.C．Theearth. D．TheMars.C[细节理解题。根据常识及画线词所在句后一分句均可知，距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球，故选C项。]3．Whatshouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．LivingThingsonOurEarthB．TheMoonC．LivingThingsontheMoonD．MarsisMostLiketheEarthD[标题归纳题。本文先讲述的是地球适合人类生存的原因，后面对比火星和地球在环境方面的异同之处，从气温、水、空气等方面展开，具体说明了火星与地球最相似，故选D项。]BWhoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts，thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen，ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors，andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women，orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix，girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性别)are“really，reallysmart.”Evenworse，thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really，reallysmart.”Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication，we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook，themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender，race，andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays，futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence，creativity，perseverance(毅力)，andsimplegoodfortune，whoareabletochangetheworld.”【语篇解读】不论是在科学界还是艺术界，判断一个人是不是“天才”只有一个标准——“胜利者的标准”。然而这是一个极为不公平的判断标准，因为它将很大一部分人排除在“天才俱乐部”外。好消息是这种情况正在得到改善。4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A．They'reunfair.B．They'reconservative.C．They'reobjective.D．They'restrict.A[推理判断题。根据第三段的“It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors，andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women，orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.”可知，历史是由胜利者书写的，而这些胜利者也为“天才俱乐部”设定了标准。当“俱乐部”外的天才(即女性、不同肤色或信仰的人)做出贡献时，他们得不到认可，并会被其他人拒绝进入“天才俱乐部”。因此作者认为胜利者为“天才俱乐部”设定的准入标准是不公平的。故选A。]5．WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A．Theythinkthemselvessmart.B．Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C．Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D．Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs.D[推理判断题。根据第四段的“AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix，girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性别)are‘really，reallysmart.’Evenworse，thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief：Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare‘really，reallysmart.’”可知，该项研究发现，女孩会避免去做那些被认为是“特别特别聪明”的孩子才能做的事。由此可知，女孩可能受到社会观念的影响。故选D。]6．Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A．Improvedglobalcommunication.B．Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C．Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.D．Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.A[细节理解题。根据第五段的“Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication，we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.”可知，有更多的天才被公众所知，其原因在于全球通信系统的改善。故选A。]7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．GeniusesThinkAlikeB．GeniusTakesManyFormsC．GeniusandIntelligenceD．GeniusandLuckB[主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中的“...socialfactorslikegender，race，andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays，futuregeniusescomefromthosewith‘intelligence，creativity，perseverance，andsimplegoodfortune，whoareabletochangetheworld.’”可知，像性别、种族和阶层这样的社会因素并不能决定天才是什么样的。因此B项“天才有多种形式”最能概括本文的主旨。]Ⅱ.读后续写“Now，parentsandstudentsseparateintotwogroups.Youwillbereunitedattheendofthecampustour.”Groupsofincomingfreshmenhappilylefttheirparentsuponhearingthisannouncement.Iwaslessthanthrilledaboutstartingcollege，letaloneleavingmymother'ssidetotourthecampuswithotherfreshmen；Ifeltalittleanxious.Wefollowedtheseniortourguide.TheotherfreshmenchattedandmadecasualintroductionsasIdraggedbehind.HowcouldIhavebelievedIwasreadyforthis?Afterall，ithadonlybeenafewmonthssinceIleftthehospital.Iwasfeelingbetterforthefirsttimeinyears.Butcollege...?Mythinkingwasinterruptedbyasweetfemalevoice，“Hi，I'mJennifer.”“I'mLauren，”Ireplied.“Wheredoyouprefertolive?Athomeoroncampus?”shesmiled.“I'mnotsure，”Isaid.“Youshouldliveoncampus！Itwillbealotoffun!”shesaid.BeforeIcouldreply，thetourguideannounceditwastimetocreateourschedulesandselectthecourseswewantedtotake.WecrowdedintotheStudentActivityCenter.Threeseniorshandedoutthickcoursebulletins(课程公告)andformsthatneededtobefilledout.Allaroundme，thesoundsofturningpapersandwritingsoundedlikethosegivenbyanalarmclock.OthersseemedtobemovingthroughtheprocessquicklybutIhadn'tevenopenedmycoursecatalog(目录)．“Focus，”Itoldmyself.“Justreadthroughthecatalogandfindthecoursesyoulikeandaschedulethatworks.”PsychologyAorB，Geology101，English，History，sections1，2，3...Thelistwentonandon.Ipanickedandalmoststartedtocry.HowwasIsupposedtoknowhowtocompleteit？Iwasjustrelearninghowtoliveintherealworld，andtheywantedmetomakeaschedule.HowIwishedsomeonecouldhelpme.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Soon，otherfreshmenwerehandingintheirforms.Then，Ifeltawarmhandonmyshoulder.【参考范文】