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扬州大学

2022年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(A卷)

科目代码818科目名称基础英语满分150

注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题蚓上,写在本试题

纸或草稿疑上均无效;③本试题纸须施答题纸试题袋中交回!

SectionOneVocabularyandStructure

Directions:Inthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Foreachsentencetherearefour

choicesmarked[A]f[B],[C]and[D].ChoosetheOnethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthen

writeyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points,2pointseach)

1.Atnineo'clock,threegraydestroyerssteamedintoview,aheadofabattleshipin

swirlsofcolorlikesnakeskin.

[A]sailed[B]pretended[C]camouflaged[D]bewildered

2.Thecrossfirestopped.VictorHenrywenttohiscabin.BeforeinIceland,hedidnot

talkmuchmoretotheBritishofficers.

[A]disembarking[B]arriving[C]delivering[D]embargoing

3.WhenIawokeonthemorningofSunday,the22nd,thenewswerebroughttomeofHitlefs

invasionofRussia.Thischangedintocertainty.

[A]conviction[B]imagination[C]ambivalence[D]disbelief

4.Nolongersoorcopied,NewYorkevenpridesitselfonbeingaholdoutfrom

prevailingAmericantrends.

[A]facedupto[B]cameupto[C]lookedupto[D]putupto

5.HeandIandLauraandaChinesewomanimprobablycalledMmeMerveillehavemadeupa

Bridge-fourandthusourselvesforanhourafterdinnerwhileothersdanceondeck.

[A]gather[B]beguile[C]celebrate[D]deliberate

6.Sometimeswefollowacoastline,itmaybebluffsofgreylimestonerisingsheerout

ofthesea,oralow-lyingaridstretchwithmilesofwhitesandybeach,andnosignof

hesitation,verybleachedandbarren.

[A]hurried[B]violent[C]vigorous[D]precipitous

7.Itmakesusandbecomeawarethataccidentscanhappenanytimenomatterhow

impressiveyourrecordhasbeenandhowthoroughthesystemofoperationis.

[A]conjureup[B]putup[C]stayup[D]situp

8.Thisincreaseinheatseriouslythreatenstheglobalclimatethatdeterminesthe

patternofwind,rainfall,surfacetemperatures,oceancurrents,andsealevel.

[A]security[B]equilibrium[C]welfare[D]imbalance

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9.AtadistanceinJulyorAugustthesteamingfoliageseemsalmosttoinfire.

[A]tremble[BJwr汕e[C]roar[D]bum

10.Increasinglyimportantinmanycountriesisthepartofthebank'sincomethatcomesfrom

ratherthanfromtheinterestmargin.

[A]commitment[B]condemnation[C]commemoration[D]commission

11.Piagetexploredakindofphilosophicalrelativisminwhichmultiplewaysofknowingare

understoodandexaminednonjudgmentally,yetwithaphilosopher'sanalytic.

[A]rigor[B]vigor[C]trigger[D]tremor

12.Legalizeddiscriminationmeantthatblackfamiliescouldnotamassanymeaningfulwealth

totofuturegenerations.

[A]inherit[B]squeeze[C]accumulate[D]bequeath

13.Inaneraofwagesandglobalcompetition,opportunitycomestobeseenasazero

sumgame,inwhichyourdreamscomeatmyexpense.

[A]abundant[B]ambitious[C]stagnant[D]promising

14.Wemustandlearnallaboutanysituationwefindourselvesin,thenbeinspiredto

goontoothernewexperiences.

[A]pitchin[B]fillin[C]putin[D]takein

15.Ononeendofthe,we*veheardtheimplicationthatmycandidacyissomehowan

exerciseinaffirmativeaction.

[A]spectator[B]specter[C]speculation[D]spectrum

16.forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbeso

thrivingasitis.

[A]Haditnotbeen[B]Wereitnot[C]Beitnot[D]Shoulditnotbe

17.Greatlyagitated,Irushedtotheapartmentandtriedthedoor,tofinditlocked.

[A]just[B]hence[C]only[D]thus

18.Ifanearthquakeoccurred,someoftheone-storeyhouses.

[A]mightleavetobestanding

[B]mightbestandingleft

[C]mightbeleftstanding

[D]mightbelefttostand

19.theymustlearninacourseisnotprovidedintheclassroom.

[A]Somuch[B]Muchofwhat[C]Manythings[D]Allwhat

20.TheyweretheBoyScouts,tohelpelderlypeoplecrossthestreet.

[A]whosewasthetask

[B]towhomitwasthetask

[C]itwaswhosetask

[D]whosetaskitwas

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SectionTwoReadingComprehension

Directions:Inthissection,therearethreepassages.Eachpassageisfallowedbysomequestions

orunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].

ReadthepassagescarefullyandthendecideontheBESTchoice.Writeyouranswersonthe

ANSWERSHEET(30points,2pointseach)

PassageOne

Theuniquefeaturesofpenguinpoophaveallowedscientiststomakearemarkable

discovery.ThefaecesofAdeliepenguins,whichlivealongtheAntarcticcoastanditsislands,

haveauniquecolor.Theyarebrightpinkduetothepenguins9diet,whichconsistslargelyofpink

creaturescalledkrill.Theyeatsomuchofitthattheirplentifulpoopstainsthegroundonwhich

theylive,aswellastheirownbodies.Moreover,theyproducesomuchpoopthatthepinkstains

canbeseenfromspace.

Thisattributehasbeenusefulfbrscientistsstudyingthesebirds,asithasallowedthemto

locatecoloniesofpenguinsusingsatelliteimages.Itisn'tpossibletoseeindividualpenguinsin

satellitephotos,butthepinkstainsareeasytoidentify.Scientistscanevenestimatethesizeofthe

colonyfromthesizeofthepinkarea.

Researchersusingthismethodwere,untilrecently,reasonablycertainthattheyknewthe

whereaboutsofalltheAdeliepenguincoloniesonthecontinent.However,acolleagueatNASA

thendevelopedanalgorithmwhichautomaticallydetectedthesestains,ratherthanfindingthem

byhumaneye.Thecomputerprogramidentifiedmanymorepinkpatchesthattheresearchershad

previouslyoverlooked,particularlyintheDangerIslands.

ResearcherHeatherLynchadmittedthattheresearchershadprobablymissedthesecolonies

becausetheyneverexpectedtofindthemthere.Asthenamesuggests,theDangerIslandsare

difficulttogettoandarealmostalwayscoveredinseaice.Theyaresosmallthattheydon'teven

appearonmanymapsofAntarctica.However,oncetheresearcherswereawareofthecolonies,

theycompletedafullsurvey.Theydiscovered1.5millionpenguinsinthissmallarea,morethan

intherestofAntarctica.

Althoughthisseemsalargenumber,researchfindingssuggestthatitislowerthanprevious

years.Bystudyingsatelliteimagesfromthepast,whichdatebackto1982,theteamwereableto

deducethatpenguinnumberspeakedinthelate1990s,andhavesincedeclinedby10-20%,Krill

fishingisoneofthemaincausesfbrthepopulationdeclineofpenguinsinAntarctica,butbecause

theDangerIslandsarenormallysurroundedbyseaice,thereislesshumanactivityherethanin

otherpartsofthecontinent.Thisleadsresearcherstobelievethattherecentdeclineisduetoother

factors,suchasclimatechange.

Thescientistsarenowconductingresearchintheareatobetterunderstandthespeciesand

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thelong-termhealthofthecolonies.Oneteam,forexample,isanalyzingthecolorandcontentof

thepooptoinvestigatechangesinthebirds'diet.Thiscanshowtheextenttowhichpenguinsare

affectedbycommercialfishing.Anotherisdiggingholestolearnmoreaboutthepenguins,past.

Byradiocarbondatingthebonesandeggshellsfoundintheseholes,theteamhavediscoveredthat

thepenguinshavebeeninhabitingtheseislandssince2.800yearsago.Bylearningmoreaboutthe

penguinpopulationofAntarctica,theteamhopestounderstandmoreabouttheimpactofhuman

activityonthenaturalworld.

1.Thearticleismainlyabout.

[A]studyingpenguinpooptolearnabouttheirdiet

[B]thediscover57oflarge,newpenguincolonies

[C]howclimatechangeisaffectingpenguinpopulations

[D]whypenguinpoopcanbeseenfromsatelliteimages

2.WhatisNOTtrueaboutthefaecesofAdeliepenguins,accordingtothetext?

[A]Theygettheircolorfromthekrillinthepenguins,diet.

[B]Theyarevisiblefromspaceduetotheircolorandquantity.

[C]Theyhaveallowedresearcherstolocatepenguincoloniestormanyyears.

[D]Theyhavechangedincolorconsiderablysincethelate1990s.

3.Whydidn'ttheresearchersfindthecoloniesintheDangerIslandsbefore?

[A]Theyhadn'tstudiedthesatelliteimages.

[B]ItwastoodifficultforthemtogototheDangerIslands.

[C]Thepinkpoopstainswerenotvisibleonprevioussatelliteimages.

[D]Theydidn'tthinktolookforAdeliepenguinsinthislocation.

4.Accordingtothetext,thenumberofAdeliepenguinsontheDangerIslandsis.

[A]increasing,probablyduetoclimatechange

[B]decreasing,probablyduetoclimatechange

[C]increasing,probablyduetoanincreaseinfoodavailability

[D]decreasing,probablyduetoadecreaseinfoodavailability

5.Researchersfoundouttheageofthecolonyby.

[A]studyingremainsfoundunderground

[B]studyingsatelliteimages

[C]studyingpenguinfaeces

[D]studyingtheshapesofbonesandeggshells

PassageTwo

PaulZakisrenownedamonghiscolleaguesfortwothingshedoesdisconcertinglysoonafter

meetingpeople.Thefirstishugging:seeingmeapproach,hespringstohisfeet,andenfoldsme

inhisarms.Thesecondistalkingtheminlohavingneedlesstuckintotheirarmstodrawblood.I

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escapeourencounterunpunctured,butplentydon't,willingly,ofcourse.Zak'sworkhasinvolved

extractingbloodfrom,amongstothers,acoupleontheirweddingday,peoplewhohavebeen

dancing,andagroupinPapuaNewGuineapreparingtoperformtraditionalrituals.

Havingdippedintohisbook,TheMoralMolecule,IknowthatwhatdrivesZak'shungerfor

bloodishisinterestinoxytocin.Longknownasafemalereproductivehormone,oxytocin

emergesfromZak'sresearchassomethingmuchmore.Beingtreateddecently,hesays,causes

people'soxytocinlevelstorise,promptingthemtobehavemoredecently,whileexperimental

subjectsgivenanartificialoxytocinboostbehavemoregenerouslyandtrustingly.Describingthe

chemicalasthe'moralmoleculethatkeepssocietytogether',Zakoffersnothinglessthanavast

explanationofwholeswathesofphilosophicalquestions.Thesubtitleofthebook,thenew

scienceofwhatmakesusgoodorevil,givesasenseofthis.

TheaforementionedweddingtookplaceatahouseinEngland,whereZaksetupthe

equipmentneededtocollectblood.Hetooksamples,beforeandaftertheceremony,fromthe

brideandgroom,andvariousguests,thentransferredhisspoilstohislaboratory.There,he

discoveredtheresultshe'dbeenexpecting:theceremonycausedoxytocintospike.Anditdidso

'indirectproportiontothelikelyintensityofemotionalengagementIntheevent\

Thebriderecordedthehighestincrease,followedbyclosefamilymembers,thenlessclosely

involvedfriends.Mappingthewedding'soxytocinlevelsgaverise,inZak'swords,toanamazing

human'solarsystem9withthebrideasthesun,thehormonefinelycalibratedtotheemotional

warmtheachguestfelt.

Zak'sinterestinoxytocinwasfueledbyexperimentsinvolvingtheTrustGame.Participant

Aisinvitedtolendsomemoneytoastranger,ParticipantB.They'retoldthatanymoneyAsends

willtripleinvalue,whereuponBcanreturnsomeasathank-you.Accordingtotraditional

models,thegameshouldbreakdownbeforeitbegins.B,actingselfishly,hasnoreasontogive

anymoneyback-and,knowingthis,Ashouldn'tsendanyinthefirstplace.However,asin

previousresearchwiththistriedandtestedsetup,thevastmajorityofA-peoplesendmoney,

whileanevenlargerpercentageofB-peoplereturnsome.Zak'sanalysisoftheoxytocinin

participants9bloodstreamsrevealsthatbysendingmoneytoB,personAisgivingasignoftrust-

andforpersonB,beingonthereceivingendcausesoxytocinlevelstoincrease,motivatingmore

generousbehaviorinreturn.

Thepossibleimplicationsareintriguing.Evolutionhasgivenusoxytocin,abiological

mechanismthatletsusbeinstinctivelytrustingandkind-or'moral'.Mixingscienceand

moralitypromptssuspicion,however.Justbecausesomethingis'natural'doesn'tmeanifs

6right9,andeffortstoderivemoralcodesfromsciencerarelyendwell.Moreover,it'sunclear

whatZakmeanswhenhesaysoxytocin,orthelackofit,'makes'usgoodorevil.Still,noneof

thisunderminesthepragmaticaspectofZak'swork.Ifoxytocinisthemechanismthroughwhich

moralactiontakesplace,thenbymanipulatingoxytocin,wemightboostlevelsoftrust,

generosity,andultimatelyhappiness.

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Ontheotherhand.hat'stostopcardealers,say.pumpingoxylocinintoshowrooms?Zak

waxesthematteraway:it'sincrediblyhardtogetenoughoxytocinintothebloodstream.Sure,

oxytocincanbestimulatedinsubtlewaystoserveotherpeople'sagendas,"butthey'realreadx

doingthat.Whydoyouthinktheyhavebabiesinad\erts?Tomakeyouteelgood,byprovoking

thereleaseofoxytocin/Meanwhile,hesays,weshouldalldoatleasteighthugsaday.massage

andevenwatchsoppymovies-he'sdonethetests.Interactiononsocialmediaseemstoleadto

oxytocinspikes,undenniningtheargumentthatit'skillingrealhumaninteraction:hormonally,it

appears,thebodyprocessesitasrealinteraction.

6.WhatdoesthewritersuggestaboutPaulZakinthefirstparagraph?

[A]Heprovokesmixedfeelingsinpeople.

[B]Heunderstandsthataggressioncansometimesbeuseful.

[C]Hecanadapthimselftoavarietyofsituations.

[D]Heiscapableofbeingverypersuasive.

7.Whatisthewriter'spurposeinthefourthparagraph?

[A]tomakeacounter-argument.

[B]tointroduceanewconcept.

[C]tosummarizeanidea.

[D]toexpandonapoint.

8.WhatdoesthewritersayaboutZak'sTrustGameexperiments?

[A]Theydemonstratetheimportanceofmoneyinhumanrelations.

[B]Theirartificialitymeansthatwhattheytellusisoflimitedvalue.

[C]Theresultschallengeconventionalnotionsofhumanbehavior.

[D]Theywereconstructedinawaythatwascleverandinnovative.

9.Whatdoesthewritersuggestinthesixthparagraph?

[A]Zak'sexperimentalmethodsaretheobjectofsomemistrust.

[B]Thepotentialexploitationofoxytocinshouldbegivenseriousconsideration.

[C]Furtherworkisneededtodefineexactlywhatoxylocinis.

[D]Sciencecannotbefreeofethicalconsiderations.

10.How.accordingtothewriter,doesZakregardtheideaofdeliberatelymanipulatingoxylocin?

[A]Hedoubtswhetherit*severgoingtobefeasible.

[B]Heworriesaboutpossiblecommercialmisuse.

[C]Headvocateswideruseofreadilyavailablemeans.

[D]Hefeelsit*soutsidehisareaofexpertise.

PassageThree

Itwasonlyminus28degreesCelsiuswhenwelandedinIrkutsk.Butthatwascoldenough

lomakebreathinganeffort-theair色Itlikeiceasitscrapedthebackofmythroat.Fiveminutes

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later,Ineededasecondpairofglovesandpulledmyscarftightovermynoseandmouth.Iwas

obviouslyabeginneratthis.

Atthepetrolstation,Mikhailtheattendantlaughedwhenweaskedifhewasn'tfreezing.

He'dspentthewholedayoutsidewithnomorethanhisfurhatandasheepskincoatforwarmth.

Itwasmid-afternoonandicicleswerehangingfromhismoustachelikeDracula'sfangs.Hesaid

heneverdranktostaywarm—unlikemanyothers.

There'sabeliefinSiberiathatenoughvodkawillinsulateyoufromthecold.It'sbeen

provedtragicallywronginthepastfewweeks.Dozensofbodiesofthehomelessormenwalking

drunkenlybackfromthepubwerehauledoutofthesnowdrifts,frozenorsobadlyfrost-bitten

thatmanywillneverwalkagain.

ThelocalhospitalinIrkutskisoverwhelmed.Ironically,it'sthebumsunitthafstakenall

thefrostbitevictims——200oftheminjusttwoweeksinonetown.Evenhere,iciclesarehanging

downontheinsideofthewindows,thoughtheheatingisonfullpower.Thedoctorwastoobusy

performingamputationstotalktous.

Butwecouldhearthescreamsfromtheoperatingroom.They9drunoutofanestheticafter

performing60amputationsthatweek.Theotherpatientscouldhearittoo,andonegirlinthe

corridor,clingingtohermotherforsupport,wasneartotears.

Nastyaisonly16.Lastweekshemissedherlastbushome,soshewalkedinstead一seven

kilometersthroughthesnow,intemperaturesofminus40.Shehadnogloves.Nowherhandsare

bandagedandhangdownuselessly.She'llfindoutsooniftheyneedtobeamputated.

Shewasfarfromtheworstcase.Inonebed,NikolaiDobtsovlayquietlystaringatthe

ceiling.Underneaththesheets,bloodwasseepingthroughhisbandages,fromwherehisfeetand

handshadbeenamputatedthedaybefore.Hewasatruckdriver,heexplained,withagoodjob

deliveringwood一andrecentlythere9dbeenalotofdemand.Sohe'dsetouttodeliveralastload

upcountry.Theweatherforecast一justminus25inIrkutsk-seemedtosuggestthatthejourney

wassafe.Itwasn't.Histruckbrokedownmilesfromanywhere,andfor6desperatehourshe

foughttorepairtheaxle.Heevengreasedhishandsforprotection,andfinallymanagedtogetthe

truckgoingagain.Somehowhefoundthestrengthtodrivehimselfbackandstraighttohospital,

butitwasalreadytoolate.

IaskedNikolaiwhatwouldhappentohimnow.Hejustlaughed,andshrugged.Nikolaihas

nowifeorfamilyinIrkutsk——andinvaliditybenefitisapittance.Lifeinaninstitutionmaybethe

besthecanhopefor,andhe'llalmostcertainlyneverworkagain.

Thatincrediblestoicismiseverywhere.InIrkutskatleast,peopleseemsimplytoacceptthat

winterisharsh——andthisoneespeciallyso.ItiswithoutdoubtthecrudestSiberianwinterin

livingmemory.Yetoutdoors,everythingappearstofunctionnormally-evenschoolsre-opened

asthetemperaturerosebrieflytominus25.

Thetramsandbusesarebackontheroads,thougheveryonedrivesslowlytoavoidskidding

onthelayersoficebelowthegrit.Themainstreeibustleswithpeoplewrappedinlayersagainst

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thecold.Butevenindoors,thechillisinescapable.Afterhershiftasatramconductor.Natasha

Fillipovacomeshometoafreezinghouse.Sheshowsusthebedroom-whereicehasbuiltupon

theinsidewalls.Shescrapesitoffwithherfingers,butthathaslittleeffect.Onenight,Natasha

says,shewashedherhairbeforegoingtobed.Whenshewokeup.itwasfrozensolidtothewall.

Thechildrenaredoingtheirhomeworkinthebathroom-theonlyroomwarmenoughtositin.

Natashadoesn'twanttocomplain.Butsheisangrywiththearchitectsforbuildingshoddy

houses.

Theflatsherearesupposedtowithstanduptominus40degrees.Theydon't,andher

childrenareillwithcoughsandcolds.Natasha'sangerisbrief,andsheseemsfaintlyembarrassed

aboutit.Siberiansareusedtocoldweather,sheexplains.Here,shetellsus,peopleprefertorely

onthemselves-andtheknowledgethateventually,springwillcome.

11.Whatdowelearnintheopeningparagraph?

[A]Theauthorarrivedbybus.

[B]Theauthorwasn'taccustomedtosuchcold.

[C]Theauthorwishedhehadhadanotherpairofgloves.

[D]Theauthoratesomeicewhenhearrived.

12.Whatisthelocaltheoryaboutvodka?

[A]Ifyoudrinktoomuch,youmayneverwalkagain.

[B]Ifyoudon'tdrinkit.youmayloseyourlegs.

[C]Ifyoudrinkit.youmaysufferlessfromthecold.

[D]Youshouldn'tdrinkitifyouareold.

13.Whichsentenceistrueaboutthehospital?

[A]Itistoowarminside.

[B]Theydon'thaveenoughsuppliesandequipment.

[C]Thestaffdidn'twanttotalktothejournalist.

[D]Mostfrost-bitevictimsneedtohaveoperations.

14.WhathappenedtoNikolai?

[A]Healmostlosthishands.

[B]Heignoredtheweatherforecast.

[C]Hehadaproblemwithhisengine.

[D]Hehadhadtohelphimself.

15.ThequalityofhousesinIrkutskisdisappointingbecausethey.

[A]don'thaveseparatebathrooms

[B]werebuiltbyprivatecompaniesibrprofit

[C]aretoocoldonlyifthetemperatureislessthan-40℃

[D]causehealthproblemsfortheirresidents

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SectionThreeUseofEnglish

PartOne:GapFilling

Directions:Inthispart,youaregivenanexcerptwith10gaps.Readtheexcerptclosely,andthen

givethecorrectformstofillinthenumberedgapswiththewordsorexpressionsprovidedinthe

boxabovetheexcerpt.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.Notethatthelexicalitems

providedareopentochange,andthattherearemoreitemsthanyouneedandthussomearenot

necessary.(20points,2pointseach)

adventureembroiderfrightenfilteractivity

fondglamouridentifycontributesite

impoverishact

Judgingfromhisownspeculativeventuresinsilvermining,business,andpublishing,itwas

acursethatSamClemensneverquiteoutgrew.

PerhapsitwastheromanticvisionaryinhimthatcausedClemenstorecallhisyouthin

Hannibalwithsuch(1).AsheremembereditinOldTimesontheMississippi(1875),

thevillagewasa“whitetowndrowsinginthesunshineofasummer'smorning,“untilthearrival

ofariverboatsuddenlymadeitahiveof(2).Thegamblers,stevedores,andpilots,the

boisterousraftsmenandeleganttravelers,allboundforsomewheresurely(3)and

exciting,wouldhaveimpressedayoungboyandstimulatedhisalreadyactiveimagination.And

theliveshemightimaginefortheselivingpeoplecouldeasilybe(4)bytheromantic

exploitshereadintheworksofJamesFenimoreCooper,SirWalterScott,andothers.Those

same(5)couldbereenactedwithhiscompanionsaswell,andClemensandhisfriends

didplayatbeingpirates,RobinHood,andotherfabledadventurers.Amongthosecompanions

wasTomBlankenship,anaffablebut(6)boywhomTwainlateridentifiedasthemodel

forthecharacterHuckleberryFinn.Therewerelocaldiversionsaswell—fishing,picnicking,and

swimming.AboymightswimorcanoetoandexploreGlasscock'sIsland,inthemiddleofthe

MississippiRiver,orhemightvisitthelabyrinthineMcDowell'sCave,about2miles(3km)

southoftown.Thefirst(7)evidentlybecameJackson'sIslandinAdventuresof

HuckleberryFinn;thesecondbecameMcDougal'sCaveinTheAdventuresofTomSawyer.In

thesummers,ClemensvisitedhisuncleJohnQuarles'sfarm,nearFlorida,Mo.,whereheplayed

withhiscousinsandlistenedtostoriestoldbytheslaveUncleDaniel,whoserved,inpart,asa

modelforJiminHuckleberryFinn.

Itisnotsurprisingthatthepleasanteventsofyouth,(8)throughthesofteninglens

ofmemory,mightoutweighdisturbingrealities.However,inmanywaysthechildhoodofSamuel

Clemenswasaroughone.Deathf?omdiseaseduringthistimewascommon.HissisterMargafel

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diedofafeverwhenClemenswasnotyetfouryearsold;threeyearslaterhisbrotherBenjaminI

died.Whenhewaseight,ameaslesepidemic(potentiallylethalinthosedays)wassoI

I

(9)tohimthathedeliberatelyexposedhimselftoinfectionbyclimbingintobedwithj

hisfriendWillBoweninordertorelievetheanxiety.Acholeraepidemicatewyearslaterkilled

atleast24people,asubstantialnumberfbrasmalltown.In1847Clemens'sfatherdiedof

pneumonia.JohnClemens'sdeath(10)furthertothefamily'sfinancialinstability.Even

beforethatyear,however,continuingdebtshadforcedthemtoauctionoffproperly,toselltheir

onlyslave,Jennie,totakeinboarders,eventoselltheirfurniture.

PartTwo:Paraphrase

Directions:Inthispart,youarerequiredtoparaphrasetheunderlinedpartsinthefallowing

sentences.Youmayconvertthefarmofthesentencesbutshouldnotchangethemessagedelivered

orconveyedintheoriginalsentences.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.(30points,

6pointseach)

1.Shestumblesalonggood-naturedlybutcan'tseewell.Sheknowssheisnotbright.Likegood

looksandmoney、quicknesspassedherby.

2.Andwhentheystoppedfbrpetrol,astheywouldhaveto.theirspeechandmannerwould

betraythem,makingthemconspicuous.Andyet...thesewereriskswhichhadtobetaken.

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