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扬州大学
2022年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(A卷)
科目代码818科目名称基础英语满分150
注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题蚓上,写在本试题
纸或草稿疑上均无效;③本试题纸须施答题纸试题袋中交回!
SectionOneVocabularyandStructure
Directions:Inthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Foreachsentencetherearefour
choicesmarked[A]f[B],[C]and[D].ChoosetheOnethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthen
writeyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points,2pointseach)
1.Atnineo'clock,threegraydestroyerssteamedintoview,aheadofabattleshipin
swirlsofcolorlikesnakeskin.
[A]sailed[B]pretended[C]camouflaged[D]bewildered
2.Thecrossfirestopped.VictorHenrywenttohiscabin.BeforeinIceland,hedidnot
talkmuchmoretotheBritishofficers.
[A]disembarking[B]arriving[C]delivering[D]embargoing
3.WhenIawokeonthemorningofSunday,the22nd,thenewswerebroughttomeofHitlefs
invasionofRussia.Thischangedintocertainty.
[A]conviction[B]imagination[C]ambivalence[D]disbelief
4.Nolongersoorcopied,NewYorkevenpridesitselfonbeingaholdoutfrom
prevailingAmericantrends.
[A]facedupto[B]cameupto[C]lookedupto[D]putupto
5.HeandIandLauraandaChinesewomanimprobablycalledMmeMerveillehavemadeupa
Bridge-fourandthusourselvesforanhourafterdinnerwhileothersdanceondeck.
[A]gather[B]beguile[C]celebrate[D]deliberate
6.Sometimeswefollowacoastline,itmaybebluffsofgreylimestonerisingsheerout
ofthesea,oralow-lyingaridstretchwithmilesofwhitesandybeach,andnosignof
hesitation,verybleachedandbarren.
[A]hurried[B]violent[C]vigorous[D]precipitous
7.Itmakesusandbecomeawarethataccidentscanhappenanytimenomatterhow
impressiveyourrecordhasbeenandhowthoroughthesystemofoperationis.
[A]conjureup[B]putup[C]stayup[D]situp
8.Thisincreaseinheatseriouslythreatenstheglobalclimatethatdeterminesthe
patternofwind,rainfall,surfacetemperatures,oceancurrents,andsealevel.
[A]security[B]equilibrium[C]welfare[D]imbalance
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9.AtadistanceinJulyorAugustthesteamingfoliageseemsalmosttoinfire.
[A]tremble[BJwr汕e[C]roar[D]bum
10.Increasinglyimportantinmanycountriesisthepartofthebank'sincomethatcomesfrom
ratherthanfromtheinterestmargin.
[A]commitment[B]condemnation[C]commemoration[D]commission
11.Piagetexploredakindofphilosophicalrelativisminwhichmultiplewaysofknowingare
understoodandexaminednonjudgmentally,yetwithaphilosopher'sanalytic.
[A]rigor[B]vigor[C]trigger[D]tremor
12.Legalizeddiscriminationmeantthatblackfamiliescouldnotamassanymeaningfulwealth
totofuturegenerations.
[A]inherit[B]squeeze[C]accumulate[D]bequeath
13.Inaneraofwagesandglobalcompetition,opportunitycomestobeseenasazero
sumgame,inwhichyourdreamscomeatmyexpense.
[A]abundant[B]ambitious[C]stagnant[D]promising
14.Wemustandlearnallaboutanysituationwefindourselvesin,thenbeinspiredto
goontoothernewexperiences.
[A]pitchin[B]fillin[C]putin[D]takein
15.Ononeendofthe,we*veheardtheimplicationthatmycandidacyissomehowan
exerciseinaffirmativeaction.
[A]spectator[B]specter[C]speculation[D]spectrum
16.forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbeso
thrivingasitis.
[A]Haditnotbeen[B]Wereitnot[C]Beitnot[D]Shoulditnotbe
17.Greatlyagitated,Irushedtotheapartmentandtriedthedoor,tofinditlocked.
[A]just[B]hence[C]only[D]thus
18.Ifanearthquakeoccurred,someoftheone-storeyhouses.
[A]mightleavetobestanding
[B]mightbestandingleft
[C]mightbeleftstanding
[D]mightbelefttostand
19.theymustlearninacourseisnotprovidedintheclassroom.
[A]Somuch[B]Muchofwhat[C]Manythings[D]Allwhat
20.TheyweretheBoyScouts,tohelpelderlypeoplecrossthestreet.
[A]whosewasthetask
[B]towhomitwasthetask
[C]itwaswhosetask
[D]whosetaskitwas
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SectionTwoReadingComprehension
Directions:Inthissection,therearethreepassages.Eachpassageisfallowedbysomequestions
orunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].
ReadthepassagescarefullyandthendecideontheBESTchoice.Writeyouranswersonthe
ANSWERSHEET(30points,2pointseach)
PassageOne
Theuniquefeaturesofpenguinpoophaveallowedscientiststomakearemarkable
discovery.ThefaecesofAdeliepenguins,whichlivealongtheAntarcticcoastanditsislands,
haveauniquecolor.Theyarebrightpinkduetothepenguins9diet,whichconsistslargelyofpink
creaturescalledkrill.Theyeatsomuchofitthattheirplentifulpoopstainsthegroundonwhich
theylive,aswellastheirownbodies.Moreover,theyproducesomuchpoopthatthepinkstains
canbeseenfromspace.
Thisattributehasbeenusefulfbrscientistsstudyingthesebirds,asithasallowedthemto
locatecoloniesofpenguinsusingsatelliteimages.Itisn'tpossibletoseeindividualpenguinsin
satellitephotos,butthepinkstainsareeasytoidentify.Scientistscanevenestimatethesizeofthe
colonyfromthesizeofthepinkarea.
Researchersusingthismethodwere,untilrecently,reasonablycertainthattheyknewthe
whereaboutsofalltheAdeliepenguincoloniesonthecontinent.However,acolleagueatNASA
thendevelopedanalgorithmwhichautomaticallydetectedthesestains,ratherthanfindingthem
byhumaneye.Thecomputerprogramidentifiedmanymorepinkpatchesthattheresearchershad
previouslyoverlooked,particularlyintheDangerIslands.
ResearcherHeatherLynchadmittedthattheresearchershadprobablymissedthesecolonies
becausetheyneverexpectedtofindthemthere.Asthenamesuggests,theDangerIslandsare
difficulttogettoandarealmostalwayscoveredinseaice.Theyaresosmallthattheydon'teven
appearonmanymapsofAntarctica.However,oncetheresearcherswereawareofthecolonies,
theycompletedafullsurvey.Theydiscovered1.5millionpenguinsinthissmallarea,morethan
intherestofAntarctica.
Althoughthisseemsalargenumber,researchfindingssuggestthatitislowerthanprevious
years.Bystudyingsatelliteimagesfromthepast,whichdatebackto1982,theteamwereableto
deducethatpenguinnumberspeakedinthelate1990s,andhavesincedeclinedby10-20%,Krill
fishingisoneofthemaincausesfbrthepopulationdeclineofpenguinsinAntarctica,butbecause
theDangerIslandsarenormallysurroundedbyseaice,thereislesshumanactivityherethanin
otherpartsofthecontinent.Thisleadsresearcherstobelievethattherecentdeclineisduetoother
factors,suchasclimatechange.
Thescientistsarenowconductingresearchintheareatobetterunderstandthespeciesand
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thelong-termhealthofthecolonies.Oneteam,forexample,isanalyzingthecolorandcontentof
thepooptoinvestigatechangesinthebirds'diet.Thiscanshowtheextenttowhichpenguinsare
affectedbycommercialfishing.Anotherisdiggingholestolearnmoreaboutthepenguins,past.
Byradiocarbondatingthebonesandeggshellsfoundintheseholes,theteamhavediscoveredthat
thepenguinshavebeeninhabitingtheseislandssince2.800yearsago.Bylearningmoreaboutthe
penguinpopulationofAntarctica,theteamhopestounderstandmoreabouttheimpactofhuman
activityonthenaturalworld.
1.Thearticleismainlyabout.
[A]studyingpenguinpooptolearnabouttheirdiet
[B]thediscover57oflarge,newpenguincolonies
[C]howclimatechangeisaffectingpenguinpopulations
[D]whypenguinpoopcanbeseenfromsatelliteimages
2.WhatisNOTtrueaboutthefaecesofAdeliepenguins,accordingtothetext?
[A]Theygettheircolorfromthekrillinthepenguins,diet.
[B]Theyarevisiblefromspaceduetotheircolorandquantity.
[C]Theyhaveallowedresearcherstolocatepenguincoloniestormanyyears.
[D]Theyhavechangedincolorconsiderablysincethelate1990s.
3.Whydidn'ttheresearchersfindthecoloniesintheDangerIslandsbefore?
[A]Theyhadn'tstudiedthesatelliteimages.
[B]ItwastoodifficultforthemtogototheDangerIslands.
[C]Thepinkpoopstainswerenotvisibleonprevioussatelliteimages.
[D]Theydidn'tthinktolookforAdeliepenguinsinthislocation.
4.Accordingtothetext,thenumberofAdeliepenguinsontheDangerIslandsis.
[A]increasing,probablyduetoclimatechange
[B]decreasing,probablyduetoclimatechange
[C]increasing,probablyduetoanincreaseinfoodavailability
[D]decreasing,probablyduetoadecreaseinfoodavailability
5.Researchersfoundouttheageofthecolonyby.
[A]studyingremainsfoundunderground
[B]studyingsatelliteimages
[C]studyingpenguinfaeces
[D]studyingtheshapesofbonesandeggshells
PassageTwo
PaulZakisrenownedamonghiscolleaguesfortwothingshedoesdisconcertinglysoonafter
meetingpeople.Thefirstishugging:seeingmeapproach,hespringstohisfeet,andenfoldsme
inhisarms.Thesecondistalkingtheminlohavingneedlesstuckintotheirarmstodrawblood.I
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escapeourencounterunpunctured,butplentydon't,willingly,ofcourse.Zak'sworkhasinvolved
extractingbloodfrom,amongstothers,acoupleontheirweddingday,peoplewhohavebeen
dancing,andagroupinPapuaNewGuineapreparingtoperformtraditionalrituals.
Havingdippedintohisbook,TheMoralMolecule,IknowthatwhatdrivesZak'shungerfor
bloodishisinterestinoxytocin.Longknownasafemalereproductivehormone,oxytocin
emergesfromZak'sresearchassomethingmuchmore.Beingtreateddecently,hesays,causes
people'soxytocinlevelstorise,promptingthemtobehavemoredecently,whileexperimental
subjectsgivenanartificialoxytocinboostbehavemoregenerouslyandtrustingly.Describingthe
chemicalasthe'moralmoleculethatkeepssocietytogether',Zakoffersnothinglessthanavast
explanationofwholeswathesofphilosophicalquestions.Thesubtitleofthebook,thenew
scienceofwhatmakesusgoodorevil,givesasenseofthis.
TheaforementionedweddingtookplaceatahouseinEngland,whereZaksetupthe
equipmentneededtocollectblood.Hetooksamples,beforeandaftertheceremony,fromthe
brideandgroom,andvariousguests,thentransferredhisspoilstohislaboratory.There,he
discoveredtheresultshe'dbeenexpecting:theceremonycausedoxytocintospike.Anditdidso
'indirectproportiontothelikelyintensityofemotionalengagementIntheevent\
Thebriderecordedthehighestincrease,followedbyclosefamilymembers,thenlessclosely
involvedfriends.Mappingthewedding'soxytocinlevelsgaverise,inZak'swords,toanamazing
human'solarsystem9withthebrideasthesun,thehormonefinelycalibratedtotheemotional
warmtheachguestfelt.
Zak'sinterestinoxytocinwasfueledbyexperimentsinvolvingtheTrustGame.Participant
Aisinvitedtolendsomemoneytoastranger,ParticipantB.They'retoldthatanymoneyAsends
willtripleinvalue,whereuponBcanreturnsomeasathank-you.Accordingtotraditional
models,thegameshouldbreakdownbeforeitbegins.B,actingselfishly,hasnoreasontogive
anymoneyback-and,knowingthis,Ashouldn'tsendanyinthefirstplace.However,asin
previousresearchwiththistriedandtestedsetup,thevastmajorityofA-peoplesendmoney,
whileanevenlargerpercentageofB-peoplereturnsome.Zak'sanalysisoftheoxytocinin
participants9bloodstreamsrevealsthatbysendingmoneytoB,personAisgivingasignoftrust-
andforpersonB,beingonthereceivingendcausesoxytocinlevelstoincrease,motivatingmore
generousbehaviorinreturn.
Thepossibleimplicationsareintriguing.Evolutionhasgivenusoxytocin,abiological
mechanismthatletsusbeinstinctivelytrustingandkind-or'moral'.Mixingscienceand
moralitypromptssuspicion,however.Justbecausesomethingis'natural'doesn'tmeanifs
6right9,andeffortstoderivemoralcodesfromsciencerarelyendwell.Moreover,it'sunclear
whatZakmeanswhenhesaysoxytocin,orthelackofit,'makes'usgoodorevil.Still,noneof
thisunderminesthepragmaticaspectofZak'swork.Ifoxytocinisthemechanismthroughwhich
moralactiontakesplace,thenbymanipulatingoxytocin,wemightboostlevelsoftrust,
generosity,andultimatelyhappiness.
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Ontheotherhand.hat'stostopcardealers,say.pumpingoxylocinintoshowrooms?Zak
waxesthematteraway:it'sincrediblyhardtogetenoughoxytocinintothebloodstream.Sure,
oxytocincanbestimulatedinsubtlewaystoserveotherpeople'sagendas,"butthey'realreadx
doingthat.Whydoyouthinktheyhavebabiesinad\erts?Tomakeyouteelgood,byprovoking
thereleaseofoxytocin/Meanwhile,hesays,weshouldalldoatleasteighthugsaday.massage
andevenwatchsoppymovies-he'sdonethetests.Interactiononsocialmediaseemstoleadto
oxytocinspikes,undenniningtheargumentthatit'skillingrealhumaninteraction:hormonally,it
appears,thebodyprocessesitasrealinteraction.
6.WhatdoesthewritersuggestaboutPaulZakinthefirstparagraph?
[A]Heprovokesmixedfeelingsinpeople.
[B]Heunderstandsthataggressioncansometimesbeuseful.
[C]Hecanadapthimselftoavarietyofsituations.
[D]Heiscapableofbeingverypersuasive.
7.Whatisthewriter'spurposeinthefourthparagraph?
[A]tomakeacounter-argument.
[B]tointroduceanewconcept.
[C]tosummarizeanidea.
[D]toexpandonapoint.
8.WhatdoesthewritersayaboutZak'sTrustGameexperiments?
[A]Theydemonstratetheimportanceofmoneyinhumanrelations.
[B]Theirartificialitymeansthatwhattheytellusisoflimitedvalue.
[C]Theresultschallengeconventionalnotionsofhumanbehavior.
[D]Theywereconstructedinawaythatwascleverandinnovative.
9.Whatdoesthewritersuggestinthesixthparagraph?
[A]Zak'sexperimentalmethodsaretheobjectofsomemistrust.
[B]Thepotentialexploitationofoxytocinshouldbegivenseriousconsideration.
[C]Furtherworkisneededtodefineexactlywhatoxylocinis.
[D]Sciencecannotbefreeofethicalconsiderations.
10.How.accordingtothewriter,doesZakregardtheideaofdeliberatelymanipulatingoxylocin?
[A]Hedoubtswhetherit*severgoingtobefeasible.
[B]Heworriesaboutpossiblecommercialmisuse.
[C]Headvocateswideruseofreadilyavailablemeans.
[D]Hefeelsit*soutsidehisareaofexpertise.
PassageThree
Itwasonlyminus28degreesCelsiuswhenwelandedinIrkutsk.Butthatwascoldenough
lomakebreathinganeffort-theair色Itlikeiceasitscrapedthebackofmythroat.Fiveminutes
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later,Ineededasecondpairofglovesandpulledmyscarftightovermynoseandmouth.Iwas
obviouslyabeginneratthis.
Atthepetrolstation,Mikhailtheattendantlaughedwhenweaskedifhewasn'tfreezing.
He'dspentthewholedayoutsidewithnomorethanhisfurhatandasheepskincoatforwarmth.
Itwasmid-afternoonandicicleswerehangingfromhismoustachelikeDracula'sfangs.Hesaid
heneverdranktostaywarm—unlikemanyothers.
There'sabeliefinSiberiathatenoughvodkawillinsulateyoufromthecold.It'sbeen
provedtragicallywronginthepastfewweeks.Dozensofbodiesofthehomelessormenwalking
drunkenlybackfromthepubwerehauledoutofthesnowdrifts,frozenorsobadlyfrost-bitten
thatmanywillneverwalkagain.
ThelocalhospitalinIrkutskisoverwhelmed.Ironically,it'sthebumsunitthafstakenall
thefrostbitevictims——200oftheminjusttwoweeksinonetown.Evenhere,iciclesarehanging
downontheinsideofthewindows,thoughtheheatingisonfullpower.Thedoctorwastoobusy
performingamputationstotalktous.
Butwecouldhearthescreamsfromtheoperatingroom.They9drunoutofanestheticafter
performing60amputationsthatweek.Theotherpatientscouldhearittoo,andonegirlinthe
corridor,clingingtohermotherforsupport,wasneartotears.
Nastyaisonly16.Lastweekshemissedherlastbushome,soshewalkedinstead一seven
kilometersthroughthesnow,intemperaturesofminus40.Shehadnogloves.Nowherhandsare
bandagedandhangdownuselessly.She'llfindoutsooniftheyneedtobeamputated.
Shewasfarfromtheworstcase.Inonebed,NikolaiDobtsovlayquietlystaringatthe
ceiling.Underneaththesheets,bloodwasseepingthroughhisbandages,fromwherehisfeetand
handshadbeenamputatedthedaybefore.Hewasatruckdriver,heexplained,withagoodjob
deliveringwood一andrecentlythere9dbeenalotofdemand.Sohe'dsetouttodeliveralastload
upcountry.Theweatherforecast一justminus25inIrkutsk-seemedtosuggestthatthejourney
wassafe.Itwasn't.Histruckbrokedownmilesfromanywhere,andfor6desperatehourshe
foughttorepairtheaxle.Heevengreasedhishandsforprotection,andfinallymanagedtogetthe
truckgoingagain.Somehowhefoundthestrengthtodrivehimselfbackandstraighttohospital,
butitwasalreadytoolate.
IaskedNikolaiwhatwouldhappentohimnow.Hejustlaughed,andshrugged.Nikolaihas
nowifeorfamilyinIrkutsk——andinvaliditybenefitisapittance.Lifeinaninstitutionmaybethe
besthecanhopefor,andhe'llalmostcertainlyneverworkagain.
Thatincrediblestoicismiseverywhere.InIrkutskatleast,peopleseemsimplytoacceptthat
winterisharsh——andthisoneespeciallyso.ItiswithoutdoubtthecrudestSiberianwinterin
livingmemory.Yetoutdoors,everythingappearstofunctionnormally-evenschoolsre-opened
asthetemperaturerosebrieflytominus25.
Thetramsandbusesarebackontheroads,thougheveryonedrivesslowlytoavoidskidding
onthelayersoficebelowthegrit.Themainstreeibustleswithpeoplewrappedinlayersagainst
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thecold.Butevenindoors,thechillisinescapable.Afterhershiftasatramconductor.Natasha
Fillipovacomeshometoafreezinghouse.Sheshowsusthebedroom-whereicehasbuiltupon
theinsidewalls.Shescrapesitoffwithherfingers,butthathaslittleeffect.Onenight,Natasha
says,shewashedherhairbeforegoingtobed.Whenshewokeup.itwasfrozensolidtothewall.
Thechildrenaredoingtheirhomeworkinthebathroom-theonlyroomwarmenoughtositin.
Natashadoesn'twanttocomplain.Butsheisangrywiththearchitectsforbuildingshoddy
houses.
Theflatsherearesupposedtowithstanduptominus40degrees.Theydon't,andher
childrenareillwithcoughsandcolds.Natasha'sangerisbrief,andsheseemsfaintlyembarrassed
aboutit.Siberiansareusedtocoldweather,sheexplains.Here,shetellsus,peopleprefertorely
onthemselves-andtheknowledgethateventually,springwillcome.
11.Whatdowelearnintheopeningparagraph?
[A]Theauthorarrivedbybus.
[B]Theauthorwasn'taccustomedtosuchcold.
[C]Theauthorwishedhehadhadanotherpairofgloves.
[D]Theauthoratesomeicewhenhearrived.
12.Whatisthelocaltheoryaboutvodka?
[A]Ifyoudrinktoomuch,youmayneverwalkagain.
[B]Ifyoudon'tdrinkit.youmayloseyourlegs.
[C]Ifyoudrinkit.youmaysufferlessfromthecold.
[D]Youshouldn'tdrinkitifyouareold.
13.Whichsentenceistrueaboutthehospital?
[A]Itistoowarminside.
[B]Theydon'thaveenoughsuppliesandequipment.
[C]Thestaffdidn'twanttotalktothejournalist.
[D]Mostfrost-bitevictimsneedtohaveoperations.
14.WhathappenedtoNikolai?
[A]Healmostlosthishands.
[B]Heignoredtheweatherforecast.
[C]Hehadaproblemwithhisengine.
[D]Hehadhadtohelphimself.
15.ThequalityofhousesinIrkutskisdisappointingbecausethey.
[A]don'thaveseparatebathrooms
[B]werebuiltbyprivatecompaniesibrprofit
[C]aretoocoldonlyifthetemperatureislessthan-40℃
[D]causehealthproblemsfortheirresidents
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SectionThreeUseofEnglish
PartOne:GapFilling
Directions:Inthispart,youaregivenanexcerptwith10gaps.Readtheexcerptclosely,andthen
givethecorrectformstofillinthenumberedgapswiththewordsorexpressionsprovidedinthe
boxabovetheexcerpt.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.Notethatthelexicalitems
providedareopentochange,andthattherearemoreitemsthanyouneedandthussomearenot
necessary.(20points,2pointseach)
adventureembroiderfrightenfilteractivity
fondglamouridentifycontributesite
impoverishact
Judgingfromhisownspeculativeventuresinsilvermining,business,andpublishing,itwas
acursethatSamClemensneverquiteoutgrew.
PerhapsitwastheromanticvisionaryinhimthatcausedClemenstorecallhisyouthin
Hannibalwithsuch(1).AsheremembereditinOldTimesontheMississippi(1875),
thevillagewasa“whitetowndrowsinginthesunshineofasummer'smorning,“untilthearrival
ofariverboatsuddenlymadeitahiveof(2).Thegamblers,stevedores,andpilots,the
boisterousraftsmenandeleganttravelers,allboundforsomewheresurely(3)and
exciting,wouldhaveimpressedayoungboyandstimulatedhisalreadyactiveimagination.And
theliveshemightimaginefortheselivingpeoplecouldeasilybe(4)bytheromantic
exploitshereadintheworksofJamesFenimoreCooper,SirWalterScott,andothers.Those
same(5)couldbereenactedwithhiscompanionsaswell,andClemensandhisfriends
didplayatbeingpirates,RobinHood,andotherfabledadventurers.Amongthosecompanions
wasTomBlankenship,anaffablebut(6)boywhomTwainlateridentifiedasthemodel
forthecharacterHuckleberryFinn.Therewerelocaldiversionsaswell—fishing,picnicking,and
swimming.AboymightswimorcanoetoandexploreGlasscock'sIsland,inthemiddleofthe
MississippiRiver,orhemightvisitthelabyrinthineMcDowell'sCave,about2miles(3km)
southoftown.Thefirst(7)evidentlybecameJackson'sIslandinAdventuresof
HuckleberryFinn;thesecondbecameMcDougal'sCaveinTheAdventuresofTomSawyer.In
thesummers,ClemensvisitedhisuncleJohnQuarles'sfarm,nearFlorida,Mo.,whereheplayed
withhiscousinsandlistenedtostoriestoldbytheslaveUncleDaniel,whoserved,inpart,asa
modelforJiminHuckleberryFinn.
Itisnotsurprisingthatthepleasanteventsofyouth,(8)throughthesofteninglens
ofmemory,mightoutweighdisturbingrealities.However,inmanywaysthechildhoodofSamuel
Clemenswasaroughone.Deathf?omdiseaseduringthistimewascommon.HissisterMargafel
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diedofafeverwhenClemenswasnotyetfouryearsold;threeyearslaterhisbrotherBenjaminI
died.Whenhewaseight,ameaslesepidemic(potentiallylethalinthosedays)wassoI
I
(9)tohimthathedeliberatelyexposedhimselftoinfectionbyclimbingintobedwithj
hisfriendWillBoweninordertorelievetheanxiety.Acholeraepidemicatewyearslaterkilled
atleast24people,asubstantialnumberfbrasmalltown.In1847Clemens'sfatherdiedof
pneumonia.JohnClemens'sdeath(10)furthertothefamily'sfinancialinstability.Even
beforethatyear,however,continuingdebtshadforcedthemtoauctionoffproperly,toselltheir
onlyslave,Jennie,totakeinboarders,eventoselltheirfurniture.
PartTwo:Paraphrase
Directions:Inthispart,youarerequiredtoparaphrasetheunderlinedpartsinthefallowing
sentences.Youmayconvertthefarmofthesentencesbutshouldnotchangethemessagedelivered
orconveyedintheoriginalsentences.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.(30points,
6pointseach)
1.Shestumblesalonggood-naturedlybutcan'tseewell.Sheknowssheisnotbright.Likegood
looksandmoney、quicknesspassedherby.
2.Andwhentheystoppedfbrpetrol,astheywouldhaveto.theirspeechandmannerwould
betraythem,makingthemconspicuous.Andyet...thesewereriskswhichhadtobetaken.
3.Mybraidthnlprecisioninstrument、slippedintohighgear.八Anything?”Iasked,lookingat
himnarrowly.
4.AsinTokyo,taxidriversinHiroshimaoftenknowlittleabouttheircity,buttoavoidlossof
fhcebeforefbreigners.
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