江苏省南通市2021年中考英语试题（含详解）

南通市2021年初中毕业、升学考试试卷英语考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项：1.本试卷共12页，满分为120分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡上指定的位置。3.答案必须按要求填涂、书写在答题卡上，在试卷、草稿纸上答题一律无效。第I卷（选择题共60分）第I卷共45小题，请将答案按要求填涂在答题卡上。一、单项选择（本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Myfamilyhave________breakfasttogethereveryday.Thishelpsusstartadaywell.A.不填 B.a C.an D.the【答案】A【】【详解】句意：我的家人每天一起吃早餐。这有助于我们更好地开始新的一天。考查冠词。a/an不定冠词，表示泛指；the定冠词，表示特指；havebreakfast“吃早餐”是固定短语，三餐前不用冠词，故选A。2.—IhearyourbrotherwillenterTsinghuaUniversitythissummer.—Exactly,hewasaborngenius.Hewasabletoreadandwrite________theageof4.A.in B.on C.at D.of【答案】C【】【详解】句意：——我听说你哥哥今年夏天要入学清华大学了。——没错，他是个天生的天才。他四岁时就会读写了。考查介词辨析和固定搭配。in在……内；on在……之上；at在……岁时；of……的。attheageof...表示“在……岁时”，固定短语。故选C。3.Ourmonitoris________.Henevershowsoffbeforeothers.A.organized B.modest C.generous D.energetic【答案】B【】【详解】句意：我们的班长很谦虚。他从不在别人面前炫耀。考查形容词辨析。organized有组织的；modest谦虚的；generous慷概的；energetic精力充沛的；根据“Henevershowsoffbeforeothers.”可知，班长是很谦虚的，故选B。4.Five-starhotelscan________first-rateservice,makingpassengersfeelathome.A.provide B.prevent C.protect D.prepare【答案】A【】【详解】句意：五星级酒店可以提供一流的服务，让旅客有宾至如归的感觉。考查动词辨析。provide提供；prevent阻止；protect保护；prepare准备；根据“makingpassengersfeelathome”及常识可知，此处指的是酒店提供一流的服务，故选A。5.Lifeislikeaone-wayrace,________treasureeverymomentastimecannotbewonagain.A.so B.and C.or D.but【答案】A【】【详解】句意：人生就像一场单程赛跑，所以珍惜每一刻，因为时间不可能倒流。考查连词辨析。so因此；and和；or或者；but但是。“Lifeislikeaone－wayrace”与“treasureeverymomentastimecannotbewonagain”是因果关系，前是因，后是果，故选A。6.—MustIreturnthisbookbeforeFriday,Sir?—No,you________,dear.Youcankeepitfortwoweeks.A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t【答案】D【】【详解】句意：——先生，我必须在星期五之前归还这本书吗？——不，你不必，亲爱的。你可以借两周。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必。must引导的一般疑问句，否定句用needn’t回答，故选D。7.—________doesMaylooklike?—Sheisaprettygirlwithbigbrighteyesandlongstraighthair.A.How B.What C.Which D.Who【答案】B【】【详解】句意：——梅长什么样？——她是一个漂亮的女孩，有一双明亮的大眼睛和一头长长的直发。考查特殊疑问句。How怎样；What什么；Which哪个；Who谁；根据回答“Sheisaprettygirlwithbigbrighteyesandlongstraighthair.”可知，此处是问外貌长相，结构是Whatlooklike，故选B。8.—HaveyoudecidedwhattowriteaboutGulliverinLilliputinthereport?—I'mnotsure.MaybeIneedtoreadsome________aboutitbeforewriting.A.reasons B.rewards C.results D.reviews【答案】D【】【详解】句意：——你决定在报告里写关于《格利佛游记》的什么内容了吗？——我不确定。也许我需要在写之前阅读一些关于它的评论。考查名词辨析。reasons理由；rewards奖励；results结果；reviews评论。空格后的it指代前文提到的“GulliverinLilliput”，结合“I’mnotsure”可知，并不太确定写什么，所以需要参考一些有关它的评论，故选D。9.—Honey,couldyouhelpme________thepictureofcolorfulballoonsfromthepaper?—Ok,Mum.I’mcoming!A.cutout B.carryout C.turnout D.workout【答案】A【】【详解】句意：——亲爱的，你能帮我从纸上剪下彩色气球的图片吗？——好的，妈妈。我来了！考查动词短语辨析。cutout剪下；carryout执行；turnout结果是；workout解决；根据“thepictureofcolorfulballoonsfromthepaper”可知，此处指的是“从纸上剪下图片”，故选A。10.—Simon,wecansaveenergybyridingsharedbicycles.—That’strue.________,usingairconditionerslessisalsoagoodway.A.However B.Otherwise C.Anyway D.Moreover【答案】D【】【详解】句意：——Simon，我们可以通过骑共享自行车来节约能源。——那确实。而且，少用空调也一个好办法。考查副词辨析。however然而；otherwise否则；anyway无论如何；moreover而且。根据“wecansaveenergybyridingsharedbicycles”及“usingairconditionerslessisalsoagoodway”可知，下文是补充上文节省能源还有哪种方法，空处填moreover符合语境，故选D。11.—MissZhangseemsquitefamiliarwithYunnanProvince.—Don'tyouknow?She________atownschoolthereasavolunteerteacherforover2years.A.isin B.hasgoneto C.hasbeenin D.hasbeento【答案】C【】【详解】句意：——张小姐似乎对云南很熟悉。——难道你不知道吗？她在当地的一所城镇学校支教了两年多。考查动词时态。根据“forover2years.”可知，用现在完成时，故排除A；hasgoneto去了某地（未回来）；hasbeenin在某地（多长时间）；hasbeento去过某地（已回来）。根据语境可知，此处指她在当地一所学校呆了两年多，用hasbeenin最合适。故选C。12.Thecommunityworkerispatientenough________totheoldhowtouseHealthCode(码).A.explain B.explains C.toexplain D.explaining【答案】C【】【详解】句意：社区工作人员有足够的耐心向老人讲解健康码的使用方法。考查非谓语动词。固定搭配：be+形容词+enoughtodosth“足够……做某事”，动词不定式作结果状语，故选C。13.—Goodnews!TheUndergroundLine1inNantong________tocomeintoservicesoon.—That’sgreat!Transportwillbecomemucheasierforus.A.willbeexpected B.isexpected C.expects D.isexpecting【答案】B【】【详解】句意：——好消息！南通地铁一号线预计很快就会投入使用。——太棒了！对我们来说，交通将变得容易得多。考查被动语态和时态。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除C/D选项；此处应用一般现在时表示将来，故选B。14.—Acelebrationforthe100thanniversaryofthefoundingoftheCPC(中国共产党)willbeheld，andI’mwondering________.—Let’shaveadiscussionaboutitthisafternoon.A.howwillwegetthere B.whichclubswilltakepartC.whatwecoulddoforit D.whethercanwedosomethingforit【答案】C【】【详解】句意：——庆祝中国共产党成立100周年，我想知道我们能做些什么。——今天下午我们来讨论一下。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A/D选项；根据回答“Let’shaveadiscussionaboutitthisafternoon.”可知，此处是说能做些什么，应用what引导，故选C。15.—Itisimportantforustowearseatbeltswhiledrivingcars.—________A.That’sagoodidea B.That’sallright C.Ican’tagreemore D.Takeiteasy【答案】C【】【详解】句意：——开车时系安全带对我们很重要。——我完全同意。考查情景交际。That’sagoodidea那是个好主意；That’sallright没关系；Ican’tagreemore我完全同意；Takeiteasy被紧张；根据“Itisimportantforustowearseatbeltswhiledrivingcars.”可知，回答应该是对上句提出的观点做出评价，C选项符合，故选C。二、完形填空(本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“SPELLCHAMPION,”Scotttoldhisoldersister.“C-h-a-m-p-i-o-n.”Unsureaboutit,Scottstillcheered,“You’ll___16___thespellingbee!”Lucythanked,happybut___17___,wonderingifherdog,Senator,whoshegotforher11thbirthdayandneverawayfromherforaweek,wouldbelookedafterwell.“We’llkeephimperfectly,”saidScott,dreamingofgettinghisownpetifhecould___18___himself.Theloudspeakerintherailwaystationannouncedtheupcomingdeparture(出发).DadwishedLucygoodluck,“Ifyoumakethe___19___,we’llcometoseeyou.”“Seeyouinaw-e-a-k.”“W-e-e-k,”Lucy___20___Scottandsaid,“Bye!”EachmorningScottwokeupearlytofeedSenator,leavinganoteto___21___Dad,afterthatScottcontinuedtosleep.ScottevengaveSenatoratimelybath,duringwhichhehopedDadcouldnoticehowresponsible(负责任的)hewaswithunwillingSenator.HalfwayLucy___22___backtotellherfailureinthesecondround(轮次)andasked,“How’sSenatordoing？”“Excellent!”Scottbragged.ButwhenLucyreturned,shefoundit___23___“Heonlystartedfeelingsickthismorning.”Scottfelt___24___butconfused(困惑的),forhe’dbeenastrictdirection-follower.Theycametotheveterinarian’s(动物诊所).Aftertheexamination,Lucywasangry,“Aterrible___25___!HowcouldSenatorhavesucharapidtwopoundsinweight?”Dadsaid,“Ionlyfedhimtwoscoopsofdogfoodeverymorning.”Scott___26___,“Dad!Youfedhimagain?Didn’tyoureadmynote?ItsaysI’vefedhim!”IttookLucyamomenttounderstandbeforeaskingScotthowtospellfed.“F-e-e-d?Scott!Fedisspelledf-e-d.Butyournotesaysf-e-e-d,tellingDadtofeedthedog!”“SoSenatorwasfedtwice?”Dadasked,“Butwhydidhe___27___seemhungry?”“All’sfishthatcomestohisnet!”LucylookeddownatSenatorwhowaswagginghistail.“Let’sseehowyoulikeeatingDoggieDietforamonth!”Senator’staildrooped.Scottsaidsorry,“IjustwantedtoberesponsiblesoIcouldgetadogformynext___28___.”“It’sOK.I’llteachyouhowtospellto___29___myselffornextyear’sspellingbee.”LucyhandedScotttheredleashtowalkSenator.“Youhaveafewmonthstopractisebeforeyougetoneforyourbirthday.”Dadadded.ScottburstintolaughterandreacheddowntopetSenator___30___.“Havingalittlebrotherisn’tsobad,”LucytoldSenator,“ifyoushowhimwho’sb-o-s-s!”16.A.attend B.finish C.win D.cancel17.A.relaxed B.worried C.surprised D.bored18.A.prove B.teach C.serve D.devote19.A.finals B.plans C.changes D.tasks20.A.punished B.warned C.improved D.corrected21.A.wake B.respect C.praise D.remind22.A.flew B.moved C.called D.went23.A.wrong B.opposite C.common D.same24.A.lucky B.crazy C.guilty D.silly25.A.stomachache B.headache C.toothache D.backache26.A.nodded B.smiled C.cheered D.screamed27.A.never B.always C.sometimes D.seldom28.A.interview B.term C.competition D.birthday29.A.train B.enjoy C.explain D.recommend30.A.bravely B.excitedly C.politely D.patiently【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.A20.D21.D22.C23.A24.C25.A26.D27.B28.D29.A30.B【】【分析】文章讲述了Lucy参加拼写比赛，不得不把自己的宠物留给家人照顾，在弟弟和爸爸的照顾下，因为给宠物喂的太多，而体重骤增，而弟弟只是为了表现自己，希望下一个生日也能有自己的宠物狗。【16题详解】句意：你会赢得拼字比赛的。attend参加；finish完成；win赢得；cancel取消；根据“Unsureaboutit,Scottstillcheered”可知，鼓励的话，应该是会赢得比赛，故选C。【17题详解】句意：露西谢了，很高兴，但很担心。relaxed放松；worried担心；surprised惊讶；bored厌烦；根据“wonderingifherdog,Senator,whoshegotforher11thbirthdayandneverawayfromherforaweek,wouldbelookedafterwell.”可知，她很担心她的狗，故选B。【18题详解】句意：他梦想着如果能证明自己，就能拥有自己的宠物。prove证明；teach教；serve服务；devote奉献；根据“dreamingofgettinghisownpetifhecould...himself.”以及“IjustwantedtoberesponsiblesoIcouldgetadog”可知，是要证明自己才能拥有自己的宠物，故选A。【19题详解】句意：如果你能进决赛，我们会来看你的。finals决赛；plans计划；changes改变；tasks任务；根据“You’ll...thespellingbee!””以及“backtotellherfailureinthesecondround(轮次)”可知，Lucy在参加一场比赛，这里说的是进入决赛，故选A。【20题详解】句意：露西纠正斯科特说。punished惩罚；warned警告；improved提高；corrected纠正；根据“Seeyouinaw-e-a-k.”以及“W-e-e-k”可知，前面因为week这个单词拼错了，后面应该是纠正，故选D。【21题详解】句意：斯科特每天早上很早就起来喂Senator，并留下纸条提醒爸爸，之后斯科特继续睡觉。wake醒来；respect尊重；praise表扬；remind提醒；根据“leavinganote”以及“Scottcontinuedtosleep”可知，留下纸条是为了提醒爸爸，故选D。【22题详解】句意：中途，露西打电话告诉了她在第二轮投票中的失败。flew飞；moved移动；called打电话；went去；根据“backtotellherfailureinthesecondround(轮次)andasked,“How’sSenatordoing?””可知，Lucy比赛还没有结束，应该是打电话回来问情况，故选C。【23题详解】句意：但是当露西回来时，她发现异样。wrong错误的，不正常的；opposite相反的；common普通；same相同的；根据“Heonlystartedfeelingsickthismorning”可知，Lucy回来发现宠物有些不正常了，故选A。【24题详解】句意：斯科特感到内疚，但也很困惑，因为他一直是一个严格的方向追随者。lucky幸运的；crazy疯狂的；guilty内疚的；silly愚蠢的；根据“Heonlystartedfeelingsickthismorning.”可知，他照顾着宠物，而现在宠物不好了，他应该是感到内疚，故选C。【25题详解】句意：胃疼得厉害！stomachache胃/腹痛；headache头痛；toothache牙痛；backache背痛；根据“Ionlyfedhimtwoscoopsofdogfoodeverymorning.”以及“Ionlyfedhimtwoscoopsofdogfoodeverymorning.”可知，应该是吃的方面不对，是胃痛。故选A。【26题详解】句意：斯科特尖叫道：“爸爸！你又喂他了？你没看我的便条吗？上面说我喂过他了！”nodded点头；smiled微笑；cheered欢呼；screamed尖叫；根据“Ionlyfedhimtwoscoopsofdogfoodeverymorning.”以及“Dad!Youfedhimagain?Didn’tyoureadmynote?ItsaysI’vefedhim!”可知，对于爸爸的行为，斯科特应该是感到震惊，应该是尖叫到，故选D。【27题详解】句意：但为什么他总是看起来很饿？never从不；always总是；sometimes有时；seldom很少；根据“All’sfishthatcomestohisnet!”以及语境可知，爸爸不明白狗为什么吃了两顿还是看上去总是很饿的样子，故选B。【28题详解】句意：我只是想负起责任，这样我下次生日就能养条狗了。interview采访；term学期；competition比赛；birthday生日；根据“saidScott,dreamingofgettinghisownpetifhecould...himself.”以及“Youhaveafewmonthstopractisebeforeyougetoneforyourbirthday.”可知，斯科特也想在下一个生日的时候有一条自己的宠物狗，故选D。【29题详解】句意：没关系。我要教你如何拼写，为明年的拼字比赛训练自己。train训练；enjoy喜欢；explain解释；recommend推荐；根据“myselffornextyear’sspellingbee”可知，Lucy教斯科特拼写也是为了训练自己，故选A。【30题详解】句意：斯科特突然大笑起来，兴奋地伸手抚摸Senator。bravely勇敢地；excitedly激动地；politely礼貌地；patiently耐心地；根据“Youhaveafewmonthstopractisebeforeyougetoneforyourbirthday.”可知，斯科特想象着自己也能得到宠物狗非常兴奋，故选B。三、阅读理解(本题共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A◆Morethan22,000pubs(酒馆)haveaweeklyquiz(智力测试)night.Somepeoplesaythatthesuccessofmodern-daypubquizzesiscausedbyaboardgamefromthe1980s,calledTrivialPursuit.Inthegameplayershadtoanswerquestionsaboutunimportantdetails.Butwhateverthereason,pubownersnowsaytheyholdquiznightsbecausequizzersdrinklikefish,soitisgoodbusinessforthem.◆Inthequiz,thequizmasterreadsquestionsoutloudandpeopleanswerquestionsinteams.Alotofthetime,peoplechoosefunnynamesfortheirteams.Therearenormallyseveralrounds,andaquizcangoonfor2to3hours!Eachroundcanbeaboutadifferenttopic,orquestionscanbemixed.Topicscanbeaboutnature,culture,life,health,food,science,sports,musicandmore.◆Manypubshaveoldnamesreferringtomonarchs(君主),suchasTheKing’sHeadorTheQueenVictoria,butofcoursethisdoesn’tmeantheyareonlyforkingsorqueens.Pubshavealwayswelcomedpeoplefromallclassesandpartsofsociety.Insomepubsyoucangetdrinksonthehouse,meaningtheyarefree.Ifyou’vepaidtobeinthequiz,thereisusuallyasurprisingprize.◆MorethanhalfofthepeopleinarecentsurveyontheInternetansweredthesequestionsincorrectly:HowmanycountriesmakeupGreatBritain?Whatistheworld’slargestdesert?Study!Makesureyouknowthenamesofthewinnersofsportingevents,OscarsandTVshows.Alsothereisneedtohavealookattheworldmap.Besidesstudying,it’sveryimportanttochooseyourteamwisely.Trytohaveamixofmenandwomen,andnomorethanfivepeople.Don’tchoosesomeonewhoisalwayscompletelysurethatthey’reright,infactsometimesthey’rewrong!Onceyou’vegotyourteamtogether,alwaystrustyourfirstanswer,anddon’tthinkaboutittoomuch.Makesurethatnoteveryoneinyourteamdrinkstoomuch,otherwisethelastroundisgoingtogetreallydifficult!31.Pubownersarewillingtoholdthequiznightbecause________.A.itisheldfreelyonceaweektomeetcustomersB.theycanaskquizzerssomedifficultquestionsC.itcanprovideagoodchancefortheirbusinessD.theybelieveTrivialPursuitisstillpopularnow32.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParts2&3?A.QuizzersusuallygrouptheirteamswithfunnynamesB.Normallyeachroundwillgoonfortwotothreehours.C.Pubswithnamesofmonarchsareforkingsandqueens.D.Everyquizzerwillreceiveasurprisingprizeintheend.33.Inordertowinthequiz,quizzershadbetter________.①haveacompleteunderstandingofdifferenttopics②beinamixedteamnomorethanfivemembers③trusttheirfirstanswerstothequestions④drinkasmuchastheycantillthelastroundA.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④【答案】31.C32.A33.B【】【分析】文章是介绍有关酒吧举办的智力测试的游戏的情况，包括游戏的起源、规则、好处等。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“Butwhateverthereason,pubownersnowsaytheyholdquiznightsbecausequizzersdrinklikefish,soitisgoodbusinessforthem.”可知，这个活动可以为他们的业务提供一个很好的机会，故选C。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据“peopleanswerquestionsinteams.Alotofthetime,peoplechoosefunnynamesfortheirteams.”可知，测试者会给自己的团队取有趣的名字，故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“...Trytohaveamixofmenandwomen,andnomorethanfivepeople.”以及“alwaystrustyourfirstanswer,anddon’tthinkaboutittoomuch.”可知，要明智地选择你的团队是非常重要的。尽量男女混合，不要超过五个人，并且要总是相信第一个答案，不要想太多。故选B。BWearewhatweeat.Fromhigh-caloriemealstolow-fatlunches,muchofourhealthdependsonwhatweeat.Weknowaboutthebenefits(益处)ofeatingfittinglyforourphysicalhealth,butfood,andcookingit,isprovingtobegoodforourmental(心理的)healthaswell.Somepeoplearenowsupportingthetherapeuticvalueofcookingfood.It’snotjustabouttheendresultbutalsotheexperiencesomeonegoesthrough.DrMarkSalter,aconsultantpsychiatrist,toldtheBBC:“Bakingandcookingaregoodtherapies.Theyhelppatientsdevelopplanningskills,short-termmemoriesandsocialskills—lack(缺乏)ofwhichmayleadtomentalillness.”TVchef(大厨)andauthorNadiyaHussainagreesthatcookingisgreatforhelpingourmind.ShelovestobakeandbecamethechampionoftheTVshow,TheGreatBritishBakeOff.Shesaysthat“Baking’salwaysbeenabouttherapy...It’sneverreallybeenaboutthecake.”Andshethinksthatbakingisanimportanttoolforoursocializationandmentalhealth.Certainly,creatingsomedeliciousfoodtakesourmindoffthingsandgivesussomethingtodo,helpingusgetthroughtherecentlockdown.Peoplehavesaidthatmixingdough(生面团)tomakebread,forexample,hasgiventhemasenseofcalmandcontrol.Researchhasshownthatdoingcreativetasks,likecooking,makesusfeelhappier.NicoleFarmer,whostudieshowfoodinfluencesourbiology,behaviorandmentalhealth,toldBBConlinethat“Cookingrepresentsthehumanexperienceoffood,andgrowingpeoplethroughfood,sothereisnodoubtitcanbringustimelypositivefeelings.”Ofcourse,cookingcanbeaverysociableactivityandsharingtheendresult,arewardingexperience.Hopefully,aswestarttomixwithfriendsandfamilyagain,wecanenjoythebenefitsoncemoreandputusallintherightstateofmind.34.WhatisbakinginNadiyaHussain’seyes?A.It’shelpfulforourmind. B.It’sakindofTVprogramme.C.It’salwaysaboutthecake. D.It’satoolforphysicalhealth.35.Creativetaskscanhelppeoplegetthroughthelockdownbecausethey_________.A.givepeoplealastingsenseofcalmandpeaceB.markthestartoftheexperienceofcookingfoodC.makepeoplefeelmoreconfidentandstrongerD.helppeopletaketheirmindoffunhappythings36.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.DrMarkSalterisaconsultantpsychiatristoftheBBC.B.Hussainoncegotthefirstprizeforherbooksonbaking.C.TheGreatBritishBakeOffisaTVshowaboutcooking.D.NicoleFarmerisaBritishscientistwhostudiesbiology.37.Whatisthearticletryingtoconvince(使确信)thereaderof?A.Eatingfittinglyforphysicalhealth.B.Enjoyingthecourseofcooking.C.Sharingdeliciousfoodwithothers.D.Developingourplanningskills.【答案】34.A35.D36.C37.B【】【分析】本文介绍了烹饪对人们身体健康和心理健康的好处。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“TVchef(大厨)andauthorNadiyaHussainagreesthatcookingisgreatforhelpingourmind”可知，她认为烹饪对我们的大脑有帮助，故选A。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据“creatingsomedeliciousfoodtakesourmindoffthingsandgivesussomethingtodo,helpingusgetthroughtherecentlockdown”可知，是因为它们帮助人们摆脱不开心的事情，故选D。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据“ShelovestobakeandbecamethechampionoftheTVshow,TheGreatBritishBakeOff”她热爱烘焙并且在这个电视节目中获得冠军，可知《TheGreatBritishBakeOff》是一个有关烹饪的节目，C表述正确，故选C。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据“cookingit,isprovingtobegoodforourmental(心理的)healthaswell”及全文的描述可知，本文介绍了烹饪对人们的好处，是为了让读者享受烹饪的过程，故选B。CInDecember2020,“theSuperApple”appearedatsupermarketsacrossChina,sweeterandjuicierthanusualones,withoutpesticideresidue(农药残留).Beforereachingthemarket,theproductshadbeentestedover500times.Blockchain(区块链)technologyinrecordingfarmers’actionsiswidelyusedtoavoidnonstandardpesticideuse.Digitaltechnologyattheapplestoragehelpstogroupapples,whichcankeepthestability(稳定性)inthequality.“Thefutureofagricultureliesinthemoderntechnology.”HuangJikun,ProfessoroftheChinaCentreforAgriculturalPolicyatPekingUniversity,toldBeijingReview.AtChina’sCentralRuralWorkConferencein2020,PresidentXistressedthateffortsmustbemadetoincreasethequalityofagriculture.Xialsopointedouttheimportanceofspeedinguptechnologies.China’sagriculturehasenteredastageofhigh-qualitydevelopment,asthecountryismeetingpeople’sincreasingneedforhighstandardproducts.Soagricultureshouldturntotechnology.Threeyearsago,YuanLongpingledaprogramofplantingriceinsaline－alkali(盐碱)soilinareas,includingXinjiangandHeilongjiang.Throughhybridtechnology,Yuan’steamhavebeenabletoraiseimprovedriceforsalineandalkalinesoils.IfChinacouldput6.67millionhectaresofsaline－alkalisoilintoriceproduction,itwouldbeverylikelytoincreasebyaround30milliontons,ahugecontributiontothecountry.InLushui,YunnanProvince,onecanrarelyseefarmersworkingonthefarm.Allcommontasksarecompletedautomatically(自动化地).Data(数据)isgatheredbythesystemtoimprovefutureproduction.“Moreinformationandtechnologycentreswillbebuiltsothatbasicdataandbigdatacanbeimproved,andtechnologieslike5GandtheBeiDouSatelliteNavigationSystemcanbeusedinthefield.”saidHanFujun,DeputyChiefEngineeroftheInformationCenterofMARA.Since2010,theChinesegovernmenthasbeenorganizingtechnologyexchanges,training,fieldtripsandotheractivitiesfortheagriculturaltechnologytalentstobetterunderstandthesituationsofeacharea.BecauseoftheCOVID-19,companiesbegintorethinkbetteragriculturalmodels,asmorepeoplewanttoeathealthierfoods.Scienceandtechnologywillplayamoreimportantroleinthefuture.38.Whichofthefollowingmakes”theSuperApple”sweeterandjuicier?A.Theapplestorage. B.Themoderntechnology.C.Theproducttest. D.Therecordoffarmers’actions.39.Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A.traditionalChineseagricultureisoutofdatenowB.farmerswillpaylessattentiontotechnologiesC.China’sagricultureplaysaleadroleintheworldD.peoplenowneedmorequalityagriculturalproducts40.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Yuan’sprogramisahugecontributiontoChina.B.FarmersarebusycollectingthedatainLushui.C.5GandBeiDousystemarerarelyusedinthecentres.D.Talentsorganizeactivitiestounderstandeacharea.41.Thepassagemainlywantstotellus________.A.YuanLongpingisagreatChinesescientistinfarmingB.China’sagriculturedevelopsfasttomeetpeople’sneedC.scienceandtechnologyimprovesChina’sagricultureD.moreagriculturalmodelswillappearafterCOVID-19【答案】38.B39.D40.A41.C【】【分析】本文主要讲述了为了满足人民群众对高标准产品的需求，需要把农业转向技术，文中列举了袁隆平团队在新疆和黑龙江等盐碱地种植水稻以及云南农民自动化完成所有的工作，更加验证了科学技术在未来将发挥更重要的作用。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据“Digitaltechnologyattheapplestoragehelpstogroupapples,whichcankeepthestability(稳定性)inthequality”可知，是科技让这种苹果更甜，汁更多，故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据“asthecountryismeetingpeople’sincreasingneedforhighstandardproducts”可知，人们现在需要更多的优质农产品，故选D。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据“IfChinacouldput6.67millionhectaresofsaline－alkalisoilintoriceproduction,itwouldbeverylikelytoincreasebyaround30milliontons,ahugecontributiontothecountry”可知，袁隆平带领团队成功在盐碱地种植水稻是对国家的一个巨大贡献，A选项表述正确，故选A。【41题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在科学和科技的帮助下，农业进入了高质量发展阶段，故选C。D“Haveyoufinishedyourlesson,George?”saidMr.Prenticetohisson,whohadlaidasidehisbookandwasbusymakingalargepaperkite.“No,father,”repliedGeorge,hangingdownhishead.“Whynot,myson?”“Becauseitissodifficult,father.IamsurethatIshallneverlearnit.Besides,IcouldnotrememberitafterIhadlearnedit,mymemoryissobad.”“IfIweretopromiseyouaholidayonthethirtiethofthemonthafternext,doyouthinkyouwouldforgetthedate?”“No,IamprettysurethatIshouldnot.”“Youarefirst－rateatskating,andflyingakite,andplayingatballandmarbles,areyounot?”“Yes,father.”“Andyetyoucannotlearnyourlesson!Mydearboy,youaredeceiving(欺骗)yourself.Youcanlearnaswellasanyone,ifyouwillonlytry.”“ButhaveInottried,father?”againurgedGeorge.“Well,tryagain.Come,forthisafternoonlayasidethatkiteyouaremaking,andgiveanotherefforttogetyourlessonready.Beinearnest,andyouwillsoonlearnit.Toshowyouthatitonlyrequiresperseverance,_Iwilltellyouastory：—“Oneofthedullestboysatavillageschool,morethanthirtyyearsago,wentuptorepeathislessononemorning;and,asusual,didnotknowit.‘Gotoyourseat!’”saidtheteacherangrily.“Ifyoudon’tpaymoreattentiontoyourlessons,youwillneverbefitforanything.”“Thepoorboystoleofftohisseat,andbenthiseyesagainuponhislesson.”“Itisofnouse;Icannotlearn.”hesaidinawhispertoacompanionwhosatnearhim.“Youmusttryhard,”repliedthekind-heartedboy.“Ihavetried,butitisofnouse;Imayjustaswellgiveupatonce.”“Tryagain,Henry!”Whisperedhiscompanion,inanearnestandencouragingtone.“Thesetwolittlewordsgavehimafreshimpulse,andhebenthismindagaintohistask.”Graduallyhebegantofindthesentenceslingeringinhismemory;andsoon,tohissurpriseandpleasure,thewholelessonwasmastered!“Fromthatday,”continuedMr.Prentice,“therewasnoboyintheschoolwholearnedmorerapidlythanHenry.Fromthatdaytillthepresenthourhehasbeenastudent;andhenowurgeshissonGeorgeto‘tryagain’ashetried.”“Andwasitindeedyou,father?”askedhisson,eagerlylookingupintothefaceofhiskindparent.“Yes,mychild.Thatdullboywasyourownfatherinhisearlyyears.”“ThenIwilltryagain.”saidGeorge,inadecidedtone;and,flingingasidehishalf-madekite,heturnedandre-enteredthehouse,andwassoonbendinginearnestattentionoverhislesson.“Well,whatsuccess,George?”askedMr.Prentice,asthefamilygatheredaroundthetea-table.“Ilearnedthelesson,father!”repliedtheboy,“Icansayeverywordofit.”“Didyoufindithardwork?”“Notsoveryhard,afterIhadoncemadeupmymindthatIwouldlearnit.IndeedIneverstoppedtothink,asIusuallydo,butwentrightonuntilIhadmasteredeverysentence.”“Mayyouneverforgetthislesson,myson!”saidMr.Prentice,“Younowgetthesecretofsuccess.Itliesinneverstoppingtothinkaboutataskbeingdifficultortiresome,butingoingsteadilyon,withafixeddeterminationtosucceed.”42.Themeaningoftheunderlinedword“perseverance”is________.A.thequalityofcontinuingtryingB.thequalityofbeingbraveenoughC.thinkingaboutwhatwillhappennextD.thinkingaboutwhat'sthebestthingtodo43.Whichisthecorrectorderofthethingsbelow?a.Mr.PrenticetoldGeorgehisownstory.b.Georgelearnedthelessonsuccessfully.c.Georgewasbusymakingalargepaperkite.d.Georgegaveuphislessonhalfway.e.Thefamilygatheredaroundthetea-table.A.c－d－a－e－b B.c－d－a－b－e C.d－c－a－b－e D.d－c－a－e－b44.Accordingtothepassage,wecanseeMr.Prentice________.A.wasencouragedbyhisteacher B.wasatopstudentatfirstC.isalwaysimpatientwithhisson D.isakindandwisefather45.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Adullboy B.Tryagain C.Astrictfather D.Finishyourlesson【答案】42.A43.B44.D45.B【】【分析】本文是一位父亲通过自己的亲身经历告诉儿子，成功的秘诀在于永不停止思考一项困难的或无聊的任务，稳步前进，以一个固定的决心成功。【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Beinearnest,andyouwillsoonlearnit.Toshowyouthatitonlyrequiresperseverance”可知，父亲希望儿子认真一点，只要有毅力，不断地去尝试，很快就会学会它，perseverance与thequalityofcontinuingtrying同义，故选A。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据“whohadlaidasidehisbookandwasbusymakingalargepaperkite”“Becauseitissodifficult,father.IamsurethatIshallneverlearnit”“Iwilltellyouastory”““ThenIwilltryagain.”saidGeorge,inadecidedtone;and,flingingasidehishalf-madekite,heturnedandre-enteredthehouse”“asthefamilygatheredaroundthetea-table”可知，正确的顺序是：他正在忙着做一个纸风筝—爸爸跟George聊天中知道儿子中途放弃了自己的课—爸爸告诉儿子自己的故事—George明白了爸爸所讲的故事及道理—家人围在茶桌旁。故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，爸爸看到儿子中途放弃了功课，并没有马上责怪儿子，而是通过讲述自己的故事来告诉儿子，要不断地去尝试，不能轻易地放弃，由此可见，这位父亲是和蔼和明智的，故选D。【45题详解】最佳标题。通读全文及本文反复出现“Tryagain”这个词，可知，父亲不断鼓励儿子再次尝试，不要中途放弃，所以“再次尝试”适合本文标题，故选B。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共60分)四、词汇(本题共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)A.请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意,写出句中所缺单词