2023年考研外语冲刺密卷6

考研外语冲刺密卷6

一、UseofEnglish

1、NiagaraisanIndianwordwhichmeans"roaringwater".Indeed,theroarofthefallingwaterofNiagaracanbeheard(1)_____adistanceof5kms.Imagine(2)_____ofwaterflowingoveracliff90feethighandyouwillgetanideaofthatterriblenoise.And(3)_____tremendouspowertheNiagaraRiverhas!Itmovesbigrocksaboutandthrowsthemintotheboilingwaterbelow.(4)_____agoanoldshipwithoutsinglepersononboardwasputinmid-stream.Itsaileddowntheriver(5)_____atoyboatwithgreatspeed.Havingreachedthefall,theshipdroppedintotheboilingwater,never(6)_____again.Thereweresomepeoplewhowantedtobecomefamous(7)_____swimmingacrossthemostdangerouspartoftheNiagaraRiver.OneofthemwasCaptainWebbwhosaidthathewouldtrytoswimcrosstheNiagara,which(8)_____crowdsofpeople.OntheeveningofJuly1st,1893,CaptainWebbcameuptotheriverand(9)_____aplunge.Hishavingjumpedintothewater(10)_____manypeoplewithhorror.Soon,heappearedinthemiddleoftheriver.Aloudshoutwentupfromthecrowd,butamomentlatertherewas(11)_____silence.Themanhaddisappearedunderthewater.Thousandsofeyes(12)_____ontheriver,butthemanwasdrowned.In1902,acertainMissTaylordecidedtogooverthefallsinabarrel.Thereweredifferentkindsofpillowsinsidethebarreltopreventherfrom(13)_____.Havingexaminedthebarrelcarefully,MissTaylorgotin.Thebarrelwasclosedandthen(14)_____intothewater.Havingreachedthefalls,itoverturnedandwasshotdownbytheterrible(15)_____ofthewater.Whenthebarrelwasfinallycaughtandopened,MissTaylorcameoutalive(16)_____withafrightenedlookinhereyes.Onceacrowdofvisitorssawarope(17)_____overfromonebankoftherivertotheother.Thentheysawaman(18)_____therope.Themanwasanactor,Blondin(19)_____.HemanagedtocrossNiagaraFallsonatightrope.Thepeopleonthebankweresurprisedathis(20)_____itsowell.

A.within

B.inside

C.at

D.on

2、(2)

A．much

B．agreatnumber

C．mass

D．amass

3、(3)

A．howmuch

B．what

C．so

D．how

4、(4)

A．Sometimes

B．Manytimes

C．Muchtime

D．Sometime

5、(5)

A．as

B．asif

C．like

D．likely

6、(6)

A．toappear

B．appearing

C．appeared

D．appear

7、(7)

A．for

B．by

C．through

D．from

8、(8)

A．attracted

B．drew

C．caused

D．pulled

9、(9)

A．gave

B．made

C．did

D．took

10、(10)

A．filling

B．fullof

C．filled

D．wasfilled

11、(11)

A．dead

B．dying

C．died

D．death

12、(12)

A．beingstopped

B．werefixing

C．werefixed

D．fixed

13、(13)

A．beinghurt

B．havinghurt

C．hurting

D．hurt

14、(14)

A．beingthrow

B．throwing

C．thrown

D．threw

15、(15)

A．power

B．strength

C．force

D．capacity

16、(16)

A．therefore

B．however

C．so

D．but

17、(17)

A．beingput

B．put

C．havingput

D．putting

18、(18)

A．stepacross

B．stepoutonto

C．stepalong

D．stepon

19、(19)

A．inname

B．underthenameof

C．byname

D．tothenameof

20、(20)

A．done

B．havingdone

C．havingbeendone

D．beingdone

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

OnthegroundflooroftheFederalReservebuildinginWashington,DC,thereisanelectronicgamewhichtestsavisitor'sskillatsettinginterestrates.Youhavetodecidehowtorespondtoeventssuchasrisinginflationorastockmarketcrash.Ifyougetalltheanswersright,themachinedeclaresyouthenextFedchairman.Inreallife,becauseofhugeuncertaintiesaboutdataandhowtheeconomyworks,thereisnoobviouslyrightanswertothequestionofwhentochangeinterestrates.NoristhereanyeasytestofwhowillmakethebestFedchairman.SowhowouldTheEconomistSelectforthejob?

AlanGreenspanwillretireasFedchairmanonJanuary31st,afteramere18yearsinthejob.SoGeorgeBushneedstonominateasuccessorsoon.Mr.Bushhasapenchantforpickinghispalstofilltopjobs:lastweekhenominatedhispersonallawyerHarrietMierstotheSupremeCourt.ButhispersonalbankmanagerreallywouldnotcutthemustardasFedchairman.Thisisthemostimportanteconomic-policyjobinAmerica—indeedinthewholeworld.TheFedchairmansetsinterestrateswiththeaimofcontrollinginflation,whichinturnhelpsdeterminethevalueofthedollar,theworld'smainreservecurrency.Itishardlysurprisingthatfinancialmarketsworldwidecanriseorfallonhiseveryword.

Financialmarketsaretypicallymorevolatileduringthefirstyearafterthehandovertoanewchairmanthanduringtherestofhistenure.InOctober1987,barelytwomonthsafterMr.Greenspantookoffice,thestockmarketcrashed.Currentconditionsforahandoverarehardlyideal.America'seconomyhasneverlookedsounbalanced,withanegativehouseholdsavingsrate,ahousingbubble,aheftybudgetdeficit,arecordcurrent-accountdeficitandrisinginflation.FiguresdueonOctober14thareexpectedtoshowthatthe12-monthrateofinflationhasrisenabove4%—itshighestsince1991.

Whichofthefollowingquestionsdoesthetextdiscuss?

A.Whatisthecontentoftheelectronicgame?

B.WhocouldfillAlanGreenspan'sshoes?

C.Howtorespondtoeventssuchasrisinginflation?

D.Whocouldchangeinterestrates?

2、

Thephrase"cutthemustard"inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans

A.bequalified

B.lowerinterestrate

C.beacquisitive

D.spendspree

3、

Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdefinestherelationshipbetweenthevalueofdollarandsettingofinterestrates?

A.Counteractive.

B.Naive.

C.Interactive.

D.Novel.

4、

Whichofthefollowing,accordingtothetext,isacommonphenomenon?

A.Financialmarketsandstockmarketscrashduetothehandover.

B.CommentbytheFedchairmanareinvalidintheworldfinancialmarkets,

C.Inflationrisesabove4%—recordhighlevel.

D.RemarksbytheFedchairmancanswaytheworldfinancialmarkets.

5、

Theauthormentions"ahousingbubble"inthelastparagraphsoasto

A.clarifythefactthatAlanGreenspanwillretireasFedchairman

B.exemplifytherumorthatMr.Bushhasapenchantforpickinghispalstofilltopjobs

C.illustratethenotionthatthepresentsituationsforahandoverarehardlyideal

D.refutethetheorythatAmericaneconomyhasneverlookedsounbalanced

6、"TheessentialqualitiesofatruePan-Americanism",remarkedFranklinRooseveltin1933,"mustbethesameasthosewhichconstituteagoodneighbour,namelymutualunderstandingand...asympatheticappreciationoftheother'spointofview."ThatisadvicewhichtheUnitedStateswoulddowelltoheedinitsrelationswithitsimmediateneighbours,CanadaandMexico.MostAmericansmaynotbeawareofit,butfrustrationsandresentmentsarebuildingjustacrosstheirborderstobothsouthandnorth.

Ofcourse,neighbourlytiesinNorthAmericaarecloserthaninRoosevelt'sday.UndertheNorthAmericanFree-TradeAgreement(NAFTA),tradeamongthethreecountrieshasmorethandoubledsince1994andcross-borderinvestmentclimbedevenfaster.IntheaftermathoftheterroristattacksofSeptember11th2022,theUnitedStatesmovedquicklytosign"smartborder"agreementswithbothCanadaandMexico,totrytoensurethatthedemandsofsecuritydidnotinterrupttrade.Bythestandardsofmuchofthe20thcentury,politicaltiesbetweentheUnitedStatesandMexicoarewarm.

Yetgotoeitherborderandyouwouldn'tknowallthis.Fedupwiththeflowofillegalmigrantsfromthesouth,thegovernorsofArizonaandNewMexicothismonthdeclaredastateofemergency.ViolencebetweendruggangsrecentlyledtheUnitedStatestemporarilytocloseitsconsulateinNuevoLaredo,thebusiestborder-crossingpoint.TheAmericanambassadorbluntlycriticisesMexicoforitsfailuretopreventdrug-relatedviolencealongtheborder.ThathaspromptedretaliatoryverbalblastsfromMexicanofficials.

Canada'smoodisnotmuchmorecordial.SinceSeptember11th,CanadiansandAmericansalikehavebecomelesskeenonpoppingoverwhattheylikedtocall"theworld'slongestundefendedborder"forshoppingorrecreation.CanadiansincreasinglydisagreewithAmericansovermattersasvariedastheIraqwarandgaymarriage.TheyaredisillusionedwithNAFTA,claimingithasfailedtopreventtheUnitedStatesfromunlawfullypunishingtheirexportsof,forexample,lumber.

Sowhat?Frictionisinthenatureofinternationalrelations,andtheproblemsonthenorthernborderaredifferentfromthoseinthesouth.Yetthereisacommondenominator.Americanstendtoseesecurity,migration,drugs,eventrade,asdomesticpoliticalissues.ButsotheyareforCanadaandMexicotoo.Likeitornot,Americansrelyontheirneighboursforprosperity,energyandhelpwithsecurity.Itbehoovesallthreecountriestoshowsome"sympatheticunderstanding".

Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat______.

A.theessentialqualitiesofatruePanAmericanismweredefinedbyFranklinRoosevelt

B.mutualunderstandingisoneofthemostfar-reachingelementsinNorthAmerica

C.FewAmericansmaybeawareofothers'pointofview

D.America'sfriendshipwithCanadaandMexicorisksgoingsour

7、

Politicalrelationshipisdiscussedinthetextsoasto______.

A.illustrateCanada'scordialmoodtowardMexicoandAmerica

B.interprettheimprovedneighbourlytiesinNorthAmerica

C.foretelltheprospectofinternationalrelations

D.gaugetheflowofillegalmigrantsfromMexico

8、

Theterm"thesouth"inthethirdparagraphmostprobablyrefersto______.

A.theSouthernpartofAmerica

B.Mexico

C.theSouthernhemisphere

D.theSouthAfrica

9、

Accordingtothetext,AmericaandCanadahaveyettoreachconsensuson______.

A.lumberexport

B.theIraqreconstruction

C.homomarriage

D.defenseoftheworld'slongestborder

10、

Inthelastparagraphofthetext,theauthorintendstodefine______.

A.thefrictionofthenorthernborder

B.thesignificanceofinternationalties

C.thedifferencebetweenCanadiansandMexicans

D.theimportanceofbeinggoodneighbours

11、Ithaslongbeenthesubjectofspeculationamongthepoliceandcriminologists:whatwouldhappenifalltheofficerswhonowspendsomuchoftheirtimetakingstatements,profilingcriminalsandmovingpiecesofpaperaroundweresuddenlyputonthestreets?CrimefiguresreleasedbyLondon'sMetropolitanPolicethisweekprovidethebestansweryet.

FollowingthebombingsofJuly7thand21st,thousandsofpoliceofficersmaterialisedonLondon'spavements,manyofthemsportingbrightlycolouredjackets.Drawnfromalloverthecity,theywereassignedtoguardpotentialtargetssuchasrailwaystations.Thepolicepresencewasespeciallyheavyinthebombedboroughs:Camden(whichwasstruckthreetimes),HammersnrithandFulham,Lamheth,TowerHamlets,WestminsterandtheCityofLondon.

Theshowofforcedidnotjustscareoffterrorists.TherewaslesscrimeinJulythaninMayorJune,whichasunusual:thewarmermonthtendstobringoutcriminaltendencies,aswindowsareleftopenandalcoholisimbibedalfresco.Butthechillingeffectwasmuchstrongerinthesixboroughsthatweretargetedbyterrorists.There,overallcrimewasdownby12%comparedwithJuly2022.IninnerLondonasawhole,crimefellby6%.ButinouterLondon,wherethebluelinewasthinner,itwentupslightly.

SimonFoy,whotrackssuchtrendsattheMetropolitanPolice,saysthatcrimefellparticularlysteeplyonthedaysoftheattacks,partlybecauseoftheoverwhelmingpolicepresenceandpartlybecause"evencriminalswerewatchingtheirtelevisions".Whatissignificantisthatcrimebarelyrosethereafter.ThatwasachangefromtheaftermathofSeptember11th2022,whencrimequicklysoaredjustabouteverywhere—possiblybecauseofficersweredeployedonlyintheverycentreofLondon.

"Thereceivedwisdomamongcriminologistsisthatmarginalchangesinvisiblepatrollinghavelittleornoeffectoncrime,"saysMikeHough,acriminologistatKing'sCollegeLondon.July'sexperimentshouldputthatargumenttorest.Evenifoffendersdonotmakerationalcalculationsabouttheoddsofbeingcaught—whichwaslowbothbeforeandafterthebombings—theywillbemovedbyadisplayofoverwhelmingforce.

Whatdoestheword"materialise"meaninthesecondparagraph?

A.bomb

B.investigate

C.provoke

D.appear

12、

Whichofthefollowingfacts,accordingtothirdparagraphofthetext,willbetakenforgrantedbyBritish?

A.Thewarmermonthtendstoresultincriminaltendencies.

B.CrimewentupslightlyinJuly2022.

C.Theshowofforcedidputanendtoterrorists.

D.BombingsareinevitableinouterLondon.

13、

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthecrimeoccurrencemaybeassociatedwith______.

A.thetrendswhichcanbetracks

B.thedeploymentoftheblueline

C.theoverwhelmingpresenceofcriminalsinLondon

D.thenumberofthedaysofterroristattacks

14、

Theauthor'sattitudetowardMikeHough'sremarkis______.

A.consent

B.ambivalent

C.denial

D.approval

15、

Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.LondonBombingsAreSevere.

B.TerroristsAreScaredOff.

C.TerrorismCutsCrime.

D.MarginalChangesTakePlace.

16、Lastweekend,sportsmenandwomenofanunusuallyhardydispositiondescendedonSherborne,aprettyDorsettown.There,theyswamtwicearoundSherborneCastle'slake,cycled180kinandthenranamarathon.Thewinnersofthisgruellingrace—Britain'sinauguralIronmantriathlon—wererewardedwithaspotinaprestigiousraceinHawaii,whereyetmorepainawaits.

ForasportbarelyknowninBritainfiveyearsago,triathlonhasgrownatasprinter'space.ThisyeartheBritishTriathlonAssociation,thegoverningbody,willsanctionsome450triathlons,duathlons(runningandbiking)andaquathlons(runningandswimming).Thesevaryfromtoughracesaimedatendurancejunkiestoshortereventsdesignedtolurenewcomers.ByfarthemostsuccessfulistheLondontriathlon,which,threeweeksago,brought8,000—halfofthemfirst-timers—totheRoyalVictoriaDockineastLondon.Thatmadeittheworld'sbiggest.

Thereareechoesofthejoggingcrazeoftheearly1980s.BothsportsareAmericanexports;bothhavegrownpartlythankstotelevisioncoverage.InclusionintheOlympicandCommonwealthgameshasconferredcredibilityandstatefundingontriathlon.Evenbetter,Britain'sprofessionaltriathletesaredoingratherwellontheinternationalcircuit.

Therearepracticalreasonsforthegrowthofthesport,too.NickRusling,eventdirectoroftheLondontriathlon,pointsoutthatestablishedeventssuchastheLondonmarathonandGreatNorthRunarehugelyover-subscribed(thisyearthemarathonreceived98,500applicationsfor36,000places).Triathlonoffersamorereliableroutetoexhaustion,andafreshchallengetoathleteswhoarelikelytocross-trainanyway.

Thesportwillnotsoonsupplant"thegreatsuburbanEverest",asChrisBrasher,founderoftheLondonmarathon,describedhisevent.Thesport'stripartitenaturemeansthatputtingoneventsisfiendishlycomplex,afactreflectedinhighentryfees:competitorsatlastweekend'sIronmanraceforkedout￡220.Shortereventsarecheaper,butparticipantsmuststillprovidetheirownbicyclesandwetsuitsandpayfortraining.ComparedwiththeinhabitantsofNewham,theLondonboroughwherethisyear'sLondontriathlonwasheld,competitorsappearedoverwhelminglywhiteandmiddleclass.

Anotherdragongrowthisashortageofsuitablevenuesinasmallisland—aproblemexacerbatedbysafetyfears.Butthatoughttobelessofahindranceinfuture.Twocourtdecisions,in2022andearlierthisyear,havefirmlyestablishedthattheownersoflargebodiesofwatermaynotbeheldresponsiblewhenadultsinjurethemselvesasaresultofextravagantsportingactions.

Themeaningoftheword"gruelling"inthefirstparagraphismostcloseto______.

A.competitive

B.exhausting

C.grand

D.gruesome

17、

Itcanbelearnedfromthesecondparagraphofthetextthat______.

A.triathlonisafast-growingsportinUK

B.Britainusedtobebarelyknown

C.triathlonisaprestigiousraceinUSA

D.Hawaiiusedtobeaspotofpains

18、

Triathlon,accordingtothetext,originatedin______.

A.Britain

B.Greece

C.USA

D.Brazil

19、

Thethirdaridfourthparagraphsconcentrateon______.

A.thepracticalreasonsforthegrowthofswimming

B.theechoesofjoggingcrazeoftheearly1980s

C.thereasonsforthewidetelevisioncoverage

D.thedrivingforcesbehindthedevelopmentoftriathlon

20、

Theelaborationinthelastbutoneparagraphconcerns

A.onedragonthedevelopmentoftriathlon

B.therapidsupplantoftriathlon

C.onenotionadvancedbyChrisBrasher

D.theemergenceofoverwhelminglywhiteandmiddleclass

21、PartB(10points)

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-G.Someoftheparagraphshavebeenplacedforyou.(10points)

A.Dr.DanielStanley,anoceanographer,hasfoundvolcanicshardsinEgyptthathebelievesarelinkedtotheexplosion.ComputersimulationsbyMikeRampino,aclimatemodelerfromNewYorkUniversity,showthattheresultingashcloudcouldhaveplungedtheareaintodarkness,aswellasgeneratinglightningandhail,twoofthe10plagues.

B.Thecloudcouldhavealsoreducedtherainfall,causingadrought.IftheNilehadthenbeenpoisonedbytheeffectsoftheeruption,pollutioncouldhaveturneditred,ashappenedinarecentenvironmentaldisasterinAmerica.Thesamepollutioncouldhavedrivenmillionsoffrogsontotheland,thesecondplague.Onlandthefrogswoulddie,removingtheonlyobstacletoanexplosionoffliesandlice—thethirdandfourthplagues.Thefliescouldhavetransmittedfataldiseasestocattle(thefifthplague)andboilsandblisterstohumans(thesixthplague).

C.Moses,whichwillbebroadcastinDecember2022,willsuggestthatmuchoftheBiblestorycanbeexplainedbyasinglenaturaldisaster,ahugevolcaniceruptionontheGreekislandofSantoriniinthe16thcenturyB.C.

D.ThehourlongdocumentaryarguesthateventhestoryofthepartingoftheRedSea,whichallowedMosestoleadtheHebrewstosafetywhilethepursuingEgyptianarmywasdrowned,mayhaveitsoriginsintheeruption.Itrepeatsthetheorythat"RedSea"isamistranslationoftheSeaofReeds,amuchshallowerswamp.

E.TheprogrammetellsthestoryofhowMosesledtheHebrewsoutofEgyptafteraseriesofplagueshaddevastatedthecountry.Butitalsousesnewscientificresearchtoarguethatmanyoftheeventssurroundingtheexoduscouldhavebeentriggeredbytheeruption,whichwouldhavebeenathousandtimesmorepowerfulthananuclearbomb.

F.ComputersimulationsshowthattheSantorinieruptioncouldhavetriggereda600ft-hightidalwave,travelingatabout400milesanhour,whichwouldhavebeen6fthighandahundredmileslongwhenitreachedtheEgyptiandelta.Suchaneventwouldhavebeenrememberedforgenerations,andmayhaveprovidedtheinspirationforthestory.

G.FreshevidencethattheBiblicalplaguesandthepartingoftheRedSeawerenaturaleventsratherthanmythsormiraclesistobepresentedinanewBBCdocumentary.

Order:Gisthe1stparagraphandFisthelast.

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

Inthespanof18months,IsaacNewtoninventedcalculus,constructedatheoryofoptics,explainedhowgravityworksanddiscoveredhislawsofmotion.Asaresult,1665andtheearlymonthsof1666aretermedhisannusmirabilis.(46)Itwasasustainedsprintofintellectualachievementthatnoonethoughtcouldeverbeequaled.Butinaspanofafewyearsjustbefore1900,itallbegantounravel.Onephenomenonafteranotherwasdiscoveredwhi