2023年考研外语考前密押卷6

考研外语考前密押卷6

一、UseofEnglish

1、Plasticisthepanaceaoftheages.Nearlyeveryman-madeobject(1)_____(2)_____of,oratleast(3)_____itsverystructure,tothiswondercompound.Rainslickers,computerterminals,automobileengineparts,coffeecups(andthesugarstirrerstoo),breastimplants,toysoldiers—theyareallmadeupofplastic,oroneofitsmany(4)_____.Sincethe(5)_____ofcivilization,humankindhasbeenexperimenting(6)_____amultifunctionalmaterial—onethathadtobeequallystrongandlightweight—tocarry,containandprotectvaluables.(7)_____itcouldcarry,containandprotecthumanstoo,evenBetter.Generationsoftinkerersandscientistssetoff(8)_____thechallenge,strikinggoldsome170yearsago.Bymixingnaturalrubberwithsulphurtheycreatedtheworld'smostutilizedmaterialever.Indevelopinga(9)_____,malleableanddurablesubstance,themostimportantinventionsoftheindustrialageweretofollowshortlythereafter.Theautomobileandairplaneindustries,to(10)_____justtwo,owetheirveryexistencetoplastic.And,(11)_____celluloidplasticstrips,theLumiereBrotherswouldneverhavebroughtmovingpicturestothebigscreen.

Thedevelopmentofplasticisastoryofhuman(12)_____,ingenuityandluck.(13)_____thelegendnowgoes,in1839,theAmericaninventorCharlesGoodyear(thefamoustyrecompanywouldlaterusehisname)wasexperimentingwiththesulphurtreatmentofnaturalrubberwhenhedroppedapieceofsulphurtreatedrubberonastove;Theheatseemedtogiverubber(14)_____properties.Itwasstronger,more(15)_____toabrasion,moreelastic,muchless(16)_____totemperature,(17)_____togases,andhighlyresistanttochemicalsandelectric(18)_____.Eyeingthisasacheaplyandeasilyreproducedconstructionmaterial,awhirlwindofwork(19)_____andthebirthof(20)_____plasticandplastic-derivativeswerebornfromcamphortocelluloidtorayon;cellophane,polyvinylchloride(orPVC);Styrofoamandnylonweresoontofollow.

A.consists

B.comprises

C.constitutes

D.composes

2、(2)

A.especially

B.partially

C.partly

D.entirely

3、(3)

A.owns

B.owes

C.thanks

D.contributes

4、(4)

A.deviations

B.derivatives

C.deprivations

D.depressions

5、(5)

A.drown

B.drawn

C.dawn

D.dusk

6、(6)

A.for

B.on

C.in

D.with

7、(7)

A.If

B.When

C.Unless

D.Until

8、(8)

A.onto

B.with

C.on

D.to

9、(9)

A.versatile

B.various

C.variant

D.variable

10、(10)

A.call

B.name

C.take

D.bring

11、(11)

A.despite

B.with

C.without

D.for

12、(12)

A.presentation

B.preservation

C.perseverance

D.persistence

13、(13)

A.As

B.After

C.Before

D.While

14、(14)

A.enlightened

B.corrected

C.progressed

D.improved

15、(15)

A.insistent

B.consistent

C.proof

D.resistant

16、(16)

A.sensitive

B.agile

C.susceptive

D.acute

17、(17)

A.transparent

B.impermeable

C.translucent

D.inaccessible

18、(18)

A.stream

B.torrent

C.current

D.flow

19、(19)

A.pursued

B.ensued

C.ensured

D.insured

20、(20)

A.numerical

B.numerable

C.enormous

D.numerous

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

ThestudyoflawhasbeenrecognizedforcenturiesasabasicintellectualdisciplineinEuropeanuniversities.However,onlyinrecentyearshasitbecomeafeatureofundergraduateprogramsinEnglish-Canadianuniversities.Traditionally,legallearninghasbeenviewedinsuchinstitutionsasthespecialpreserveoflawyers,ratherthananecessarypartoftheintellectualequipmentofaneducatedperson.Happily,theolderandmorecontinentalviewoflegaleducationisestablishingitselfinanumberofCanadianuniversitiesandsomehaveevenbeguntoofferundergraduatedegreesinlaw.

Ifthestudyoflawisbeginningtoestablishitselfaspartandparcelofageneraleducation,itsaimsandmethodsshouldappealdirectlytojournalismeducators.Lawisadisciplinewhichencouragesresponsiblejudgment.Ontheonehand,itprovidesopportunitiestoanalyzesuchideasasjustice,democracyandfreedom.Ontheother,itlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthenews.Forexample,notionsofevidenceandfact,ofbasicrightsandpublicinterestareatworkintheprocessofjournalisticjudgmentandproductionjustasincourtsoflaw.Sharpeningjudgmentbyabsorbingandreflectingonlawisadesirablecomponentofajournalist'sintellectualpreparationforhisorhercareer.

Buttheideathatthejournalistmustunderstandthelawmoreprofoundlythananordinarycitizenturnsonanunderstandingoftheestablishedconventionsandspecialresponsibilitiesofthenewsmedia.Politicsor,morebroadly,thefunctioningofthestate,isamajorsubjectforjournalists.Thebetterinformedtheyareaboutthewaythestateworks,thebettertheirreportingwillbe.Infact,itisdifficulttoseehowjournalistswhodonothaveacleargraspofthebasicfeaturesoftheCanadianConstitutioncandoacompetentjobonpoliticalstories.

Furthermore,thelegalsystemandtheeventswhichoccurwithinitareprimarysubjectsforjournalists.Whilethequalityoflegaljournalismvariesgreatly,thereisanunduerelianceamongstmanyjournalistsoninterpretationssuppliedtothembylawyers.Whilecommentandreactionfromlawyersmayenhancestories,itispreferableforjournaliststorelyontheirownnotionsofsignificanceandmaketheirownjudgments.Thesecanonlycomefromawell-groundedunderstandingofthelegalsystem.

Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorismainlyconcernedwith______.

A.makingseveralcontrasts

B.illustratinghisopinion

C.givingsomecriticisms

D.makingafewcomments

2、

Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat______.

A.laweducationisintendedprimarilyforjournalists

B.journalistswillcommentonthenewsfromtheperspectiveofjustice

C.journalistshavemoreopportunitiestoreflectondemocracyandfreedom

D.thestudyoflawwillencouragejournaliststoconcentrateonthefacts

3、

Accordingtothepassage,soundjournalisticjudgment______.

A.representsgoodproductionincourtsoflaw

B.dependsexclusivelyonevidenceandfact

C.feedsoffaprofoundunderstandingoflaw

D.constitutesanessentialpartofaprofessional'scareer

4、

Whichofthefollowingistheleastdesirabletoajournalistaccordingtotheauthor?

A.thestudyoflaw,

B.theconventionsofthenewsmedia.

C.thewaythestateworks.

D.thelawyer'sinterpretationsoflaw.

5、

Theauthorwritesthisarticleprimarilyinorderto______.

A.celebratetheestablishmentoflegaleducationinCanadianuniversities

B.stresstheimportanceoflegallearningtojournalists

C.introducetheaimsandmethodsoflaweducation

D.explainthecomponentsofajournalist'sintellectualpreparation

6、Afterashakystart,theMartianflotillathathasarrivedoverthepastfewweeksisgettingdowntobusiness.Twoofthefivecraftinitseemtobeworkingperfectly.Twoarelost,andafifthissick,butundergoingtreatment.

ThemostspectacularpicturessofarhavebeenprovidedbyMarsEmpress,theEuropeanSpaceAgency'scontributiontothefleet.OnJanuary28ththisreacheditsfinalworkingorbit(whichtakesitoverbothpoles,andthusallowsittoseethewholeofMarsoverthecourseofafewdaysastheplanetrevolvesbeneathit).Ithas,however,beensendingbackdatasinceshortlyafteritarrived,andafewdaysagoitscontrollersreleasedaseriesofbeautifulphotographs,includingastereoimageofVallesMarineris,ahugecanyonthatmayhavebeenformedbyflowingwater.

Themostscientificallysignificantresult,though,hascomefromOpportunity,America'ssecondMarsrover.OneofOpportunity'scamerashasphotographedevidenceofstratification.innearbyrocks.Suchstratificationindicatesthattherocksconcernedaresedimentary.Thelayerscouldberepeatedwind-blowndeposits,orconsistofashfromsuccessivevolcaniceruptions.Buttheterrestrialrockstheymostresembleareonesthathaveformedunderwater.

Thereasoneveryoneisgettingsoexcitedisbecausethereisawidespreadassumptionthatanyform.oftirewhichmightdwellonMarswouldneedliquidwatertolive—or,evenifitcouldnowsubsistbyextractingmoisturefromice,wouldhaveneededliquidwatertoevolvetothatstage.Marshasseenmoreprobeslaunchedtowardsitthanalloftheotherplanetsputtogetherpreciselybecauseofthishopethatitmightharborlife.Sothereisalotridingontheanswer—notleastthefundingoffuturemissions.

Besidesitsscientificsignificance,thesuccessofOpportunityhasalsohelpedtodistractattentionfromthesuddenrefusalofSpirit,thefirstAmericanrovertoarriveonMars,totalktoitscontrollers.Thiscrafthadtentatively,butsuccessfully,noseditswayoffitslandingplatform,andwasabouttodrillitswayintoanearbyrockpriortodoingaspotofchemicalanalysis,whenitwentsilent.

However,theengineersatNASA,America'sspaceagency,arenothingifnotresourceful,andtheyhaveagoodrecordofcarryingoutrunningrepairsonspacecraftthataremillionsofkilometresaway.InthecaseofSpirit,theythinkthatoneofthecraft'smemorychipshasgotclutteredupwithfilescreatedonthejourneytoMars.Thatcausedanotherchip,whichmanagesthefirst,tothrowawobblyandtokeeprebootingthecomputer.Theyarecurrentlytestingthisideabyloadingadiagnosticprogramontothecomputer.Inaddition,asaprecaution,theyhavedeletedexcessfilesfromtheequivalentmemorychiponOpportunity.

Spirit'sspiritsmaythusrevive.Astothefailures,theJapaneseabandonedtheirfly-bycraftNozomiinDecember,andtheBritishteaminchargeofBeagle2,whichispresumedtohavelandedonDecember25thbutfromwhichnosignalhasbeenreceived,alsoseemstohavecalleditquits.Still,a40～60%successrate(dependingonwhetherSpiritisbroughtbackintocommission)isnotbadbythehistoricalstandardsofmissionstoMars.Now,therealsciencebegins.

MarsExpressismentionedbecause______.

A.ithasbeensendingdatabacktotheEarth

B.itillustratesEurope'scontributiontotheproject

C.itisthefirstcrafttohaveeverlandedontheMars

D.itcanhelpresearchersseethewholeoftheMars

7、

Whatdoestheword"they"(Para.3)referto?

A.thelayers

B.wind-blow]adeposits

C.volcaniceruptions

D.theterrestrialrocks

8、

Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeople'senthusiasmforMars______.

A.couldsubsistdespitethediscoveryofice

B.isarousedbythewishtofindlifethere

C.dependslargelyonthefundingoftheseprojects

D.mightturnouttobeawasteofresources

9、

Spiritfailedtotalktoitscontrollersprobablybecauseof______.

A.itsfailuretomovedowntheplatform

B.itsdoingtoolittlechemicalanalysis

C.thedamagedonetoitscomponents

D.theexcessfilesinitsmemorychips

10、

Theauthorofthispassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

A.thesignificanceofdiscoveryofwaterontheMars

B.theachievementsofU.S.inexploringtheMars

C.theperformanceoffivecraftlaunchedtoMars

D.thefateofthescienceofMarsexploration

11、Success,itisoftensaid,hasmanyfathers—andoneofthemanyfathersofcomputing,thatmostsuccessfulofindustries,wasCharlesBabbage,a19th-centuryBritishmathematician.Exasperatedbyerrorsinthemathematicaltablesthatwerewidelyusedascalculationaidsatthetime,Babbagedreamedofbuildingamechanicalenginethatcouldproduceflawlesstablesautomatically.Buthisattemptstomakesuchamachineinthe1920sfailed,andthesignificanceofhisworkwasonlyrediscoveredthiscentury.

Nextyear,atlast,thefirstsetofprintedtablesshouldemergefromacalculating"differenceengine"builttoBabbage'sdesign.Babbagewillhavebeenvindicated.Buttherealizationofhisdreamwillalsounderscoretheextenttowhichhewasamanbornaheadofhistime.

TheefforttoprovethatBabbage'sdesignswerelogicallyandpracticallysoundbeganin1985,whenateamofresearchersattheScienceMuseuminLondonsetouttobuildadifferenceengineintimeforthe200thanniversaryofBabbage'sbirthin1992.Theteam,ledbythemuseum'scuratorofcomputing,DoronSwade,constructedamonstrousdeviceofbronze,ironandsteel.Itwas11feetlong,sevenfeettall,weighedthreetons,costaround$500,000andtookayeartopiecetogether.Anditworkedperfectly,crankingoutsuccessivevaluesofseventh-orderpolynomialequationsto31significantfigures.Butitwasincomplete.Tosavemoney,anentiresectionofthemachine,theprinter,wasomitted.

ToBabbage,theprinterwasavitalpartofdesign.Eveniftheengineproducedthecorrectanswers,therewasstilltheriskthatatranscriptionortypesettingerrorwouldresultinthefinishedmathematicaltablesbeinginaccurate.Theonlywaytoguaranteeerror-freetableswastoautomatetheprintingprocessaswell.Sohisplansincludedspecificationsforaprinteralmostascomplicatedasthecalculatingengineitself,withadjustablemargins,twoseparatefonts,andtheabilitytoprintintwo,threeorfourcolumns.

InJanuary,afteryearsofsearchingforasponsorfortheprinter,theScienceMuseumannouncedthatabackerhadbeenfound.NathanMyhrvold,thechieftechnologyofficeratMicrosoft,agreedtopayforitsconstruction(whichisexpectedtocost$373,000withoneProviso:thattheScienceMuseumteamwouldbuildhimanidenticalcalculatingengineandprintertodecoratehisnewhomeonLakeWashington,nearSeattle).Constructionoftheprinterwillbegin—infullviewofthepublic—attheScienceMuseumlaterthismonth.Thefullmachinewillbecompletednextyear.

ItisaniceironythatBabbage'splansshouldberealizedonlythankstoaninfusionofcashfromamanwhogotrichinthecomputerrevolutionthatBabbagehelpedtofoment.Morestrikingstill,evenusing20th-centurymanufacturingtechnologytheenginewillhavecostover$830,000tobuild.Allowingforinflation,thisisroughlyathirdofwhatitmighthavecosttobuildinBabbage'sday,incontrasttothecostofelectronic-computertechnology,whichhalvesinpriceevery18months.Thatsuggeststhat,evenhadBabbagesucceeded,aVictoriancomputerrevolutionbasedonmechanicaltechnologywouldnotnecessarilyhavefollowed.

Babbagewishedtobuildamechanicalenginebecause______.

A.hewasverydisappointedatthemathematicaltablesavailableatthetime

B.hewantedtobethefirstmantoinventacomputingmachine

C.beintendedtomakethemathematicaltablesflawless

D.hethoughthewasdoingasignificantwork

12、

ResearchersbuiltthecalculatingdifferenceengineaccordingtoBabbage'sdesigninordertoshowthat______.

A.Babbage'sintelligencewasfaraheadofhisfellow-men

B.Babbage'sideawasreasonableboththeoreticallyandpractically

C.Babbage'sdreamcouldonlyberealizedinthe20thcentury

D.Babbage'sdesignwasactuallyimperfect

13、

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue?

A.Babbage'sdifferenceengineturnedouttobealargemachine.

B.Researchersdidnotbuildtheprinterforlackofmoney.

C.Babbagedesignedtheprintertoavoidpossibletypesettingortranscriptionerrors.

D.Researchersfounditdifficulttobuildaprinterascomplicatedasthecalculatingengine.

14、

Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Computingisgenerallybelievedtobethemostsuccessfulofindustries.

B.Mistakesareunavoidableinmathematicalresearchwork.

C.Innovationsdependonmorethanjustcreativeideas.

D.Scientificresearchalwaystakesanenormousamountofmoney.

15、

TheauthorseemstoregardBabbage'sworkwith______.

A.disappointment

B.indifference

C.admiration

D.approval

16、Britain'sbosseswouldhaveyoubelievethatbusinessinBritainisgroaningunderredtapeandpunitivetaxlevels,inhibitingenterpriseandputtingBritishfirmsatadisadvantagecomparedwithoverseascompetitors.

Asusual,realitypaintsafardifferentpicturefromthetawdryimagescrawledbytheCBIandToryfrontbenchers.NotonlydoBritishbusinessespaylowerlevelsofcorporationtaxthantheircounterpartsabroadbuttheybenefitfromthemostsavagelegalhamstringingoftradeunionism.

ButboardroomfatcatsinBritainhaveonefurtheradvantageovertheircompetitors,whichistheirtotalinabilitytofeelanysenseofshame.

Therelativelypoorperformancesincethe1990sofpensioninvestmentfunds,overseenbythetopcompaniesthemselves,hasbroughtaboutawide-rangingcullofoccupationalpensionschemes.Finalsalaryschemeshavebeenaxedinfavourofmoneypurchaseorhavebeenbarredtonewemployeesand,inmanycompanies,staffhavebeentoldthattheywillhavetoincreasepensionsfundpaymentstoensurepreviouslyguaranteedbenefits.

Atatimewhenthegovernmenthasbeendeliberatelyrunningdownthevalueofthestateretirementpensionanddrivingpensionerstowardsmeans-testedbenefits,theincreasinglyshakynatureofoccupationalschemeshasbroughtabouthigherlevelsofinsecurityamongworkingpeople.

However,it'snotalldoomandgloom.Thereisasilverlining.

Unfortunately,thatsilverliningdoesn'tshinetoobrightlyoutsidethecorridorsofcorporatepower,wheredirectorsaredoingwhattheyarebestat—lookingafternumberone.Bossesarenotonlyslurpinguphugesalaries,each-waybonusesandgoldenparachutes.Theyhavealso,asTUCgeneralsecretaryBrendanBarbersays,got"theirsnoutsinapensionstrough".

Ifhavingcontributionsworthone-thirtiethoftheirsalaryeachyearpaidintoapensionschemeisgoodenoughfordirectors,whydomostworkersonlyreceiveone-sixtieth?Andifcompaniesonlydonate6percentofanemployee'ssalaryformoneypurchaseschemes,whydotheygive20～30percentfordirectors'schemes?

Theanswer,whichwillbenosecrettomanytradeUnionists,isthatweliveinaclassdividedsocietyinwhichbigbusinessandtherichcalltheshots.

TheChildPovertyActionGrouprevelationthatBritainalsohastheworstregionalsocialinequalityintheindustrialisedworld—secondonlytoMexico—illustrateshowfatuousareclaimsthatthiscountryenjoyssocialjusticeandopportunitiesforall.Thestarkfactsofinequality,Basedonclass,gender,ageandrace,thatareoutlinedintheCPAGPovertybookoughttodictateanewgovernmentapproachtotacklingpoverty.

InequalityandpovertycannotbetackledbyallowingBigbusinessandtherichtododgetheirresponsibilitiestosocietyandtousetheirpositionsofpowertoseizethelion'sshare.

Accordingtotheauthor,Britishbusinesses______.

A.sufferalotfromhighlevelsofcorporationtax

B.areexperiencinganunfaircompetition

C.complainabouttheChiandToryleaders

D.enjoymoreadvantagesthanforeignbusinesses

17、

Britishbosses'shamelessnessisrevealedinallthefollowingfactsEXCEPT______.

A.inefficiencyofpensioninvestmentfunds

B.removaloffinalsalaryschemes

C.denialofsalaryschemestonewemployees

D.demandforemployeestopaymoreintopension'sfund

18、

Whatdoestheauthorimplyby"Thereisasilverlining."(Para.6)?

A.Agloomyfutureisawaitingtheworkingpeople.

B.Employees'concernovertheschemesisunwarranted.

C.Thereisalsosomethingpositivefortheemployees.

D.Directorsdon'tcaresufficientlyfortheemployees'benefits.

19、

Thetradeunionistsseemtobeonthesideof______.

A.theBosses

B.thegovernment

C.theCPAG

D.theemployees

20、

Theauthorseemstoimplythat______.

A.Britainisaclass-dividedsocietywherethepowerfuldominates

B.thegovernmentadoptedaninappropriatewaytotacklepoverty

C.socialinequalityisthemainfeatureoftheindustrializedworld

D.Britishbigbusinessesshouldshoulderthetaskofremovingpoverty

21、PartB(10points)

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist(A、B、C、D、E、F、G……)tofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Thereareseveralextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.(10points)

UntilabouttwomillionyearsagoAfrica'svegetationhadalwaysbeencontrolledbytheinteractionsofclimate;geology,soil,andgroundwaterconditions;andtheactivitiesofanimals.Theadditionofhumanstothelattergroup,however,hasincreasinglyrenderedunrealtheconceptofafullydeveloped"natural"vegetation—i.e.,oneapproximatingtheidealofavegetationalclimax.(41)______.EarlyattemptsatmappingandclassifyingAfrica'svegetationstressedthisrelationship:sometimesthenamesofplantzoneswerederiveddirectlyfromclimates.Inthisdiscussiontheideaofzonesisretainedonlyinabroaddescriptivesense.

(42)______.Inaddition,overtimemorefloralregionsofvaryingshapeandsizehavebeenrecognized.Manyschemeshavearisensuccessively,allofwhichhavehadtotakeviewsontwoimportantaspects:thegeneralscaleoftreatmenttobeadopted,andthedegreetowhichhumanmodificationistobecomprehendedordiscounted.

(43)______.Quitetheoppositeassumptionisnowfrequentlyadvanced.Anintimatecombinationofmanyspecies—incomplexassociationsandrelatedtolocalizedsoils,slopes,anddrainage—hasbeendetailedinmanystudiesoftheAfricantropics.Inafewsquaremilestheremaybeavisiblesuccessionfromswampwithpapyrus,,thegrassofwhichtheancientEgyptiansmadepaperandfromwhichtheword"paper"originated,throughswampygrasslandandbroad-leavedwoodlandandgrasstoapatchofforestonricherhillsidesoil,andfinallytojuicyfleshyplantsonanearlynakedrocksummit.

(44)______.Correspondingly,classificationshavedifferedgreatlyintheirprinciplesfornaming,grouping,anddescribingformations:somehavechosentermssuchasforest,woodland,thornbush,thicket,andshrubformuchofthesamebroadtractsthatothershavegroupedaswoodedsavanna(treelessgrassyplain)andsteppe(grassyplainwithfewtrees).Thisisbestseeninthenomenclature,namingofplants,adoptedbytwoofthemostcomprehensiveandauthoritativemapsofAfrica'svegetationthathavebeenpublished:R.W.J.Keay'sVegetationMapofAfricaSouthoftheTropicofCanceranditsmorewidelybasedsuccessor,TheVegetationMapofAfrica,compiledbyFrankWhite.IntheKeaymaptheterms"savanna"and"steppe"wereadoptedasprecisedefinitionofformations,basedontheherblayerandthecoverageofwoodyvegetation;theWhitemap,however,discardedthesetwocategoriesasspecificclassifications.Yetanyrapidabsenceofsavannaasinitspopularandmoregeneralsenseisdoubtful.

(45)______.However,some100specifictypesofvegetationidentifiedonthesourcemaphavebeencompressedinto14broaderclassifications.

A.AsmorehasbecomeknownofthemanythousandsofAfricanplantspeciesandtheircomplexecology,naming,classification,andmappinghavealsobecomemoreparticular,stressingwhatwasactuallypresentratherthanpostulatingaboutclimaticpotential.

B.Inregionsofhigherrainfall,suchaseasternAfrica,savannavegetationismaintainedbyperiodicfires.Consumingdrygrassattheendoftherainyseason,thefiresburnbacktheforestvegetation,checktheinvasionoftreesandshrubs,andstimulatenewgrassgrowth.

C.Once,aswiththescientifictreatmentofAfricansoils,amuchgreateruniformitywasattributedtothevegetationthanwouldhavebeengenerallyacceptedinthesameperiodfortreatmentsofthelandsofwesternEuropeortheUnitedStates.

D.ThevegetationalmapofAfricaandgeneralvegetationgroupingsusedherefollowtheWhite

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

Themeaningsof"science"and"technology"havechangedsignificantlyfromonegenerationtoanother.Moresimilaritiesthandifferences,however,canbefoundbetweentheterms.(46)Bothscienceandtechnologyimplyathinkingprocess,bothareconcernedwithcausalre