淄博市2023高考英语阅读类系列系列（4）及答案

第页淄博市2023高考英语阅读类系列系列〔4〕及答案本系列训练一共32份，选自历年的联考、质检、期末考试题，很多训练题有详细的解析。(201***·合肥第三次质检)Tobeornottobe.Thesesixwordsarethemostfamousinallthe__1__oftheworld.Theywere__2__byHamletwhenhewasthinkingaloud,andtheyarethemostfamouswordsinShakespeare'sworksbecauseHamletwasspeakingnotonlyforhimselfbutalsoforevery__3__manandwoman.Tobeornottobe,toliveornottolive,tolive__4__andabundantlyandeagerly,ortolivedullyandmeanlyandscarcely.Aphilosopheroncewantedtoknow__5__hewasaliveornot,whichisagoodquestionforeveryonetoputtohimself__6__.Heanswereditbysaying，“Ithink,__7__Iam.〞Butthebest__8__ofexistenceeverseenwasgivenbyanotherphilosopherwhosaid,“Tobeistobein__9__.〞Ifthisistrue,thenthemorerelationsalivingthinghas,themoreitisalive.Toliveabundantlymeanssimplyto__10__therangeandintensityofourrelations.__11__wearesousedtolovingourroutine.Butapartfromourregular__12__，howmucharewealive?Ifyouare__13__onlyonyourregularoccupation,youarealiveonlytothatextent.If__14__thingsarenotconcernedsofar—poetry,music,pictures,sports，friendships，politics，internationalaffairs—youare__15__.Onthecontrary，itistruethateverytimeyou__16__anewinterestevenmore,anewaccomplishment—youincreaseyourpoweroflife.Noonewhoisdeeplyinterestedinalargevarietyofsubjectscanremain__17___；therealpessimististhepersonwhohaslost__18__.Tobeornottobe—toliveintenselyandrichly，merelytoexist,thatfitswith__19__.Let'swidenandstrengthenourrelations.__20__weliveletlive!“Tobeornottobe.〞生存还是死亡这六个字在世界文学作品中是最著名的名言。何为存在，何为死亡，哲学家对此有不同的理解，本文列举了两位哲人就“Tobeornottobe，toliveornottolive.〞说明了自己的观点。1．A.literature B.artsC.history D.architecture答案：A。“存在还是死亡〞这六个字在世界文学(作品)中是最有名的。literature文学，文学作品。2．A.talked B.carvedC.spoken D.written答案：C。这六个字是莎士比亚名著Hamlet中Hamlet自言自语说的话，也是莎士比亚作品中最著名的名言。3．A.devoting B.thinkingC.demanding D.suffering答案：B。Hamlet不仅仅是为自己说的，也是替所有有思想的、有理性的男男女女而说的。thinking“思考的，有理性的，有思考力的〞，为形容词作定语。4．A.poorly B.lonelyC.independently D.richly答案：D。从空后的abundantly(充裕地)和eagerly(渴望地，热切地)的色彩是“积极的〞可以推断出richly(丰富地)符合语境，其余三项中poorly(贫穷地，贫乏地)和lonely(孤独的，孤寂的)语义色彩为消极的，可排除；independently(独立地，自立地)虽为积极意义的词汇，但和下文并列结构中的dully(沉闷地，单调地)构不成对称关系，故被排除。(meanly卑贱地，简陋地，吝啬地和上文的abundantly对应，scarcely“勉强地，几乎不，简直没有〞和上文的eagerly对应。)另外下文空19前的richly也暗示了答案。5．A.if B.thatC.who D.whether答案：D。一个哲学家曾经想知道他是死是活。此处whether和后面的ornot构成搭配意为“是……还是……〞。6．A.eventually B.occasionallyC.apparently D.slowly答案：B。这是每个人都使自己偶尔思考的问题。occasionally偶尔，间或。apparently显然地；eventually“最终〞和slowly“慢慢地〞尽管似乎可以说得过去，但不符合语境和逻辑。7．A.until B.thereforeC.however D.whatever答案：B。我思考，所以我活着。空前后为因果关系，四个选项中只有therefore(因此，所以)表示因果关系。8．A.definition B.summaryC.comment D.feedback答案：A。但是曾经看过的关于“存在〞的最好的“定义〞是另外一位哲人下的。definition定义。9．A.reality B.relationsC.orders D.sight答案：B。他说，“存在〞就是处在各种“关系〞中。relation关系，联系。10．A.create B.increaseC.decrease D.narrow答案：B。……为了活得很充实仅仅意味着增加各种关系的范围和强度。11．A.Hopefully B.UneasyC.Luckily D.Unfortunately答案：D。不幸的是我们是如此习惯于我们的常规生活。12．A.preparation B.demonstrationC.illustration D.occupation答案：D。但除了我们规那么的日常事务，我们又有多少生活的内涵？occupation工作，职业，消遣，日常事务。下文空13后的occupation暗示了答案。13．A.focused B.dependentC.concentrated D.keen答案：D。如果你只是热衷于你的规那么的日常生活，你只能活在这个范围内。bekeenon喜爱，热衷于。focus...on“(使)集中于/集中在〞，其中的focus为及物动词，假设和前面be动词连用的话，需用被动语态，故排除；bedependenton“取决于，依赖〞，和文意不吻合；beconcentratedon“集中在〞，不符合文意。14．A.other B.theotherC.another D.others答案：A。如果其他的事情不涉及这样深远的程度——诗歌，音乐，图画，运动，友谊，政治或国际事务——你就相当于死去了。15．A.alive B.livelyC.dead D.live答案：C。从行文逻辑可以看出，生存的程度达不到某一境界那么相当于死亡。16．A.achieve B.acquireC.control D.earn答案：B。每当你养成某一种新的甚至更多的兴趣或获得某种成就时你就增强了你生命的能量。acquire获得，取得，养成，学到；accomplishment成就，教养，才艺，成绩，造诣。17．A.unworried B.uneasyC.unaware D.unhappy答案：D。没有一个对这么多主题有深厚兴趣的人会感到不快乐。18．A.attention B.confidenceC.interest D.patience答案：C。真正的悲观主义者是一个已经失去兴趣的人。上文空17前的interested也暗示了答案。19．A.ourselves B.itselfC.themselves D.yourself答案：A。存在还是死亡，为了热情地、丰富多彩地生存，仅仅只是为了生存，这一法那么也适合自己。fitwith符合，适合。20．A.While B.AlthoughC.Even D.Because答案：A。让我们拓展和强化我们和这个世界的各种关系。既然活着，就让我们好好活着！while“既然〞，引导让步状语从句。although“即使，纵然〞也可引导让步状语从句，但没有while的转折意味强。短文改错〔共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分〕该文中共有十处错误,每句中最多有两处,错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线〔＼〕划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改十处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ilikeeatingfruitandvegetableswhatareofgreatbenefittoourhealthy.Notonlydotheypreventusfromfallingintoill,buttheyhelpusloseweight.Iusedtohatevegetables,butfollowthedoctor’sadvice,Igraduallykickedthebadhabit.Justasanoldsayinggoing,“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway〞.However,therearestillmanychildrendislikefruitandvegetables.Oncontrary,influencedbythisorthatkindofadvertisement,manywerecrazyaboutjunkfood.Consequently,theybecomeweakerandweakerinsteadofgettingstrong.Inmyopinion,wemusttakeactiontochangethem.【答案】Ilikeeatingfruitandvegetableswhat〔改为which/that〕areofgreatbenefittoourhealthy〔改为health〕.Notonlydotheypreventusfromfallinginto〔去掉into〕ill,buttheyhelpusloseweight.Iusedtohatevegetables,butfollow〔改为following〕thedoctor’sadvice,Igraduallykickedthebadhabit.Justasanoldsayinggoing〔改为goes〕,“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway〞.However,therearestillmanychildrendislike〔改为disliking或在dislike前加who〕fruitandvegetables.On〔加the〕contrary,influencedbythisorthatkindofadvertisement,manywere〔改为are〕crazyaboutjunkfood.Consequently,theybecomeweakerandweakerinsteadofgettingstrong〔改为stronger〕.Inmyopinion,wemusttakeactiontochangethem.〔改为it〕************************************************************结束〔201*·陕西卷〕InearlyautumnIappliedforappliedforadmissiontocollege.IwantedtogonowherebuttoCornellUniversity“Youcan’tsayit’snotagreatuniversity,justbecausePapawentthere.〞“That’snotitatall.Anditisatopuniversity.〞Shewasstillholdingthepiecesinherhand.“Butwecan’taffordtosendyoutocollege.〞“Iwouldn’tdreamofaskingyouformoney.DoyouwantmetogetajobtohelpsuppontyouandPapa?Thingsaren’tthatbad,arethey?〞“No,〞shesaid.“Idon’texpectyoutohelpsupportus.〞Fatherborrowedmoneyformhisrichcousinstostartasmalljewelleryshop,Hischiefcustomerswerehisoldcollegefriends.Togetnewcustomers,mymotherhadtohelp.Shepickedupalong-forgottenmembershipinthelocalleagueofwomen,sothatshecoundgettoknowmorepeople.Whetherthosepeoplewouldturnintocustomerswasanotherquestion.IknewthatmyParentshadtowaitforquitealongtimebeforetheirsmallinvestment(投资)couldshowreturns.What’smore,theyhadnotwantedenoughtoberochandsuccessful；otherwisetheycoundnotpossiblyhavemanagedtheirlivessobadly.Iwastornbetweenthedesavetohelpthemandchange,theirlives,andthedeterminstionnottorepeattheirmistakes.IhadastrongbeliefinmypowertogowhatIwanted.AftermonthsofhardstudyIwonafullcollegescholarship〔奖学金〕.Myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme,andmymothereventuallygaveinbeforemysuccess.53.TheauthorwasnotallowedtogotoCornellUniversitymainlybecause【D】hisfathergrduatedfromtheuniversityhismotherdidnotthinksitagreatuniversityhisparentsneededhimtohelpsupportthefamilyhisparentsdidnothaveenoughmoneyforhim54.Thefathersrartedhissmallshopwiththemoneyfrom.【C】A.alocalleagueB.hisuniversityC.hisrelativesD.hiscollegefriends55.Whydidthemotherrenewhermembershipintheleague?【A】A.Tohelpwithherhusband’sbusinessB.ToraisemoneyforhersonC.Tomeetherlong-forgottenfriendsD.Tobettermanageherlife56.Accordingtothetext,whatwastheauthordeterminedtodointhatautumn?【C】Togetawell-paidjobforhimselfToimproverelationswithhismotherTogotohisdreamuniversityTocarryonwithhisfather’sbusiness******************************************************结束TherewereredfacesatoneofBritain’sbiggestbanksrecently.Theyhadacceptedatelephoneordertobuy￡100,000worthofsharesfroma15-year-oldschoolboy(theythoughthewas21).Thesharesfellinvalueandtheschoolboywasunabletopayup.Thebanklost￡20,000onthedealwhichitcannotgetback,because,foronething,theyoungboydoesnothavethemoney,foranother,beingunder18,heisnotlegallyliableforhisdebts.Iftheshareshadriseninvaluebythesameamountthattheyfell,hewouldhavepocketed￡20,000profit.Itcertainlyisbetterthandeliveringthemorningnewspaper.Inanothercase,aboyof14found,inhisgrandmother’shouse,asuitcasefullofforeignbanknotes.Buttheywerenownotusedintheircountryoforiginoranywhereelse.Thisyoungboyheadedstraighttothenearestbankwithhispocketsfilledwithnotes.Thecashiersdidnotrealizethecountryinquestionhadreducedthevalueofitscurrencyby90%.Theyexchangedthenotesattheirfacevalueatthecurrentexchangerate.Inthreedays,beforehewasfoundout,hetook￡200,000fromninedifferentbanks.Amazingly,hehadalreadyspentmorethanhalfofthisbeforethepolicecaughtupwithhim.Becauseheisalsounder18thebankshavekissedgoodbyetoalotofmoney,andseveralcashiershavelosttheirjobs.Shouldweadmiretheseyoungstersforbeingenterprisingandshowinginitiativeorcondemnthemfortheirdishonesty?Maybetheyhadmanagedforyearswithtinyamountsofpocketmoneythattheygotfromtight-fistedparents.MaybetheyhaddoneSaturdayjobsforpeanuts.Itishardlysurprising,giventheexpensivethingsthatyoungpeoplewanttobuy,suchasfashionablerunningshoesandcomputergames,iftheysometimesthinkupmoreimaginativewaysofmakingmoneythandeliveringnewspapers.Theseyoungsterssawthechancetomakealotofmoneyandtookit.Anotherrecentstorywhichshouldgiveusfoodforthoughtisthecaseofthemanwhopaidhissix-year-olddaughter￡300aweekpocketmoney.Hethenchargedherforthefoodsheateafewcoinsforherpiggybank〔存钱灌〕“Shewillsoonlearnthevalueofmoney,〞hesaid.“There’snosuchthingasafreelunch.Everythinghastobepaidforandthesoonershelearnsthatthebetter.〞Attheotherextremetherearefondparentswhoprovidefreebedandboardfortheirgrown-upchildren,Whileeventhemosthard-heartedparentsmighthesitatetothrowtheirchildrenoutonthestreets,weallknowofpeopleintheirtwentieswhostillshamelesslyliveofftheirparents.Surelytherecomesatimewheneveryonehastoleavetheparentalnest,lookafterthemselvesandpaytheirownwayinlife.Butwhenisit?10.RecentlyoneofBritain’sbiggestbanks_____.A.boughtalotofsharesforacustomerandbroughthimagreatlossB.lostmoneyasitsyoungcustomerhadnomoneytopayhisdebtsC.lostmuchmoneybecausethesharestheyboughtfellinvalueD.receivedatelephoneordertobuysharesfora21-year-oldboy11.Theyoungcustomer_____.A.wouldhavepaidhisdebts,hadhehadthemoneytodosoB.wouldbesenttoprisonifhedidn’tpayhisdebtsC.wouldhavemade￡20,000,hadthesharesriseninvaluebythesameamounttheyfellD.wouldhavecontinuedtocheatbanks,ifhehadnotbeenfoundout12.Theauthor’sattitudetotheexampleofthetwoboyswhocheatedthebanksis_____.A.objectiveB.subjectiveC.questioningD.negative13.Themanpaidhisdaughter￡300aweekpocketmoneyandthenrequiredhertopayforherlivingexpensesbecause_____.A.hewantedhertoknowmakingmoneywasnoteasyB.hewantedtosavemoneyforherfutureeducationC.hethoughtitusefulforfamilymemberstobearlifehardshipstogetherD.hewantedhertolearnthevalueofmoney14.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheauthorbelievesthat_____.A.childrenshouldleavetheparentalnestassoonaspossibleB.grown-upchildrenshouldliveontheirownC.childrenshouldbetaughtnottocheatothersD.parentsshouldgivemorepocketmoneytotheirchildren10.B.首段第3-4行11.C.首段第6行12.A.第二段后半局部Itishardlysurprising…13.D.末段“Shewillsoonlearnthevalueofmoney,〞14.B.文章结尾处概括**************************************************************结束Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?

Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinoursocieties.However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.

Thesecondistheapplicationofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandaction

thatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistiscurious-hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallypaysattentiontoproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfyingexplanation,and

looksforrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,

hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisagoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjective(客观的)andusesthefactsheobservestothefullest.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum(光谱).

Hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable.Herejectsauthorityastheonlybasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectively.

Furthermore,

hedoesnotreadilyaccepthisownidea,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly,

heisfullofimagination

sinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore,

heneedsimagination

ifhewantstoguesshowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.10.Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough_________A.knowledgeonly.B.morethanoneaspect.

C.technologyonly.

D.theuseofmachines.

11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutacuriousscientistisTRUE?A.Hedoesn’tfindconfidenceandpleasureinwork.B.Heisinterestedinproblemsthatareexplained.C.Hemakeseffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.D.Helooksfornewwaysofacting.

12.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldNOT_______________.A.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements.B.easilycriticizeothers'researchwork.

C.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork.

D.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation.

13.Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethedatathatagoodscientistuses?A.completeB.objectiveC.complicatedD.accurate14.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Applicationoftechnology.

B.Progressinmodemsociety.

C.Scientists'waysofthinkingandacting.

D.Howtobecomeasuccessfulscientist.

10.B。从第二段中manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.可知科学在两个方面推动社会进步。11.C。D选项的意思是“他总是寻求行动的新方法〞，文中没有提及。A应是findconfidenceandpleasure.D应是thatareunexplained12.A。从文中可知，科学家不是很容易相信没有检验的结论，但是他不仅批判别人的工作，还批判自已的工作，工作时需要想象力，充分利用自已观察所得。13.C。倒数第二段中的complex等于complicated，意思是“复杂的〞。14.C。文中前两段简要介绍社会的进步依赖于科学的哪两个方面；后局部详细介绍第二个方面，即科学家的思考和行为方式。***********************************************************结束完形填空(201***·杭州质检二)Iwaswithmyoldestsonandwewereonthelookoutforanopenparkingspaceinourjam­packedshoppingcenter.Wespotteda(n)__1__oneinthenextrowofspaces，andIdroveourvanaroundtheturn，allthewhilehopingnooneelsewouldspotitandgrabit__2__Icould.And，asluckwouldhaveit，aladywas__3__hershoppingcartrightinfrontofus，anditlookedlike__4__wasgettingawayfrom—herfilledwithbagsandcartonsofsoda.Sheherselfwascarryingthreeextrabagsinherhandswhiletryingtopushthecart__5__astrongspringwind，andlooked__6___.Suddenlythecarthitabumpandeverythingfelloff.AtthatpointIfeltsomethingsnapinme.Ipulledthevanintoanunloading__7__andtoldmysontowaitforamoment.Irushedovertoherandthe__8__thingshedidwastoapologizeseveraltimes.Ihelpedher__9__everythingup，tooktheextrabags__10__fromherhands，andwalkedhertohercar.Shetoldmeshewastryingto__11___hometoherson'sthirteenthbirthdayparty.Ihelpedherloadthe__12__andshestoppedandlookedatmeandjustsaid，“Thankyousomuch.〞Ismiledandsaid,“Iamamotherofthreeanddoyouthink__13__haseverhelpedmeout?Iamjustreturningthe__14__.〞Shesmiledandsaid，“Godblessyou〞andgotinhercar.Iwalkedtherowovertomyvan__15__mysonwaswaitingandhadbeen__16__.“Whowasthat,Mom？〞heaskedme.“Shewasa__17__too,tryingtogethomeforherson'sbirthdayparty.Sheneededourhelp，〞Isaid.AndIjustknewhe__18__withthatclaritychildrenallseemtohave.Wefoundagood__19__andwalkedtogethertowardsthestore.Aswewerewalking,mysontookmyhand.Itwasthemosttouching__20__ofall,andIrealizedmorethaneverthatourchildrenarealwayswatching.家长的所作所为都被孩子看在眼里，家长的言传身教对孩子的影响是无形的、潜移默化的。1．A.typical B.enjoyableC.expensive D.perfect答案：D。我和大儿子在拥挤的购物中心的停车场寻找一个车位，我们看见另一排有一个完美的停车点。spot瞥见，觉察，发现。2．A.before B.becauseC.unless D.though答案：A。我开着我们的有篷货车转弯过去，希望不会有人在我们到达前发现它并抢先占位。3．A.driving B.wheelingC.carrying D.searching答案：B。好似命运使然，刚好有一位女士推着购物车在我们前面走过。4．A.there B.sheC.it D.I答案：C。而且看起来正在避开她——购物车上装满各种各样的包和包装盒子。getawayfrom离开，逃脱。5．A.beyond B.againstC.between