C++上机实验报告实验六

1.掌握运算符重载的方法2.学习使用虚函数实现动态多态性1.定义Point类有坐标_x_y两个成员变量对Point类重“＋＋(自增“――(自减)运算符，实现对坐标值的改变。2.定义一个车(vehiele)基类，Run、Stop等成员函数，由此派生出自行(bicycle)类、汽车(motorcar)类从motorcar派生出摩托车(motorcycle)类它们都有RunStop等成员函数。观察虚函数的作用。3.(选做)对实验4中的People重载“＝＝”运算符和“－”运算符，“＝＝”运算符判断两个people类对象的id属性是否相等；“－”运算符实现类对象的赋值操作。1.编写程序定义Point类，在类中定义整型的私有成员变量，定义成员函数Point&operator++()；Pointoperator++(int)；以实现对Point类重载++”(自增)运算符，定义成员函数Point＆operator－－()；Pointoperator－－(int)；以实现对Point类重载“－－”(自减)运算符，实现对坐标值的改变。程序名：．Cpp#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classPoint{public:Point();Point(intx,inty);~Point(){}//Point析构函数Point&operator++();//有成员函数Pointoperator++(int);Point&operator--();Pointoperator--(int);voidShow();private:int_x;//有数据成员int_y;};Point::Point(){//Point构造函数_x=0;_y=0;}Point::Point(intx,inty)//Point构造函数{_x=x;_y=y;}

Point&Point::operator++()//载后置++运算符为Point类成员函数{_x++;_y++;}PointPoint::operator++(int)//载前置++运算符为Point类成员函数{Pointold=*this;++(this->_x);++(this->_y);returnold;}Point&Point::operator--()//载后置--运算符为Point类成员函数{_x--;_y--;}PointPoint::operator--(int)//载前置--运算符为Point类成员函数{Pointold=*this;--(this->_x);--(this->_y);returnold;}voidPoint::Show()//出Point的坐标值{cout<<_x<<","<<_y<<")"<<endl;}intmain(){Pointa(2,3);//义一个Point类对象aPointb=a++;//定义Point对象b并用a++初始化bPointc=++a;//定义Point对象c并用++a初始化cPointd=--a;//定义Point对象d并用--a初始化dPointe=a--;//定义Point对象e并用a--初始化ecout<<"Pointa(";a.Show();//出a的坐标cout<<"Pointb(";b.Show();//出b的坐标cout<<"Pointc(";c.Show();//出c的坐标cout<<"Pointd(";d.Show();//出d的坐标cout<<"Pointe(";e.Show();//出e的坐标return0;}

运行结果：2编写程序定义一个车vehicle)基，有Run等成函数，由派生出自车(类、车类，从bicycle和motorcar派生出托车(motorcycle)类，们都有Run、Stop等成函数。在main()数中定义vehicle、、motorcar、motorcycle的对象调用其、Stop()函数观察其执行情况。再分别用vehicle类型的指针调用这几对象的成函数，看看能否成功；把、定义为函数，试试看。程序名：．cpp<iostream>classvehicle//基vehicle{virtualvoidvehicleis//定虚函数virtualvoidStop(){cout<<"Thestopped!"<<endl;}//定义虚数};classbicycle:virtualpublicvehicle//定派生bicycle，明基类为派生类的虚基类{bicycleisStop(){cout<<"Thebicyclestopped!"<<endl;}};classmotorcar:virtualpublic//定义派生类motorcar声明基类为派生类的虚基类{motorcarStop(){cout<<"Themotorcarstopped!"<<endl;}motorcar(){}~motorcar(){}};classmotorcycle:publicbicycle,public//以bicycle类和motorcar类为基类派新类motorcycle{isStop(){cout<<"Themotorcyclehasstopped!"<<endl;}};int{vehicle//义vehicle的一个对vehicle*p;//定义一个vehicle类的指针bicycleb;//定义bicycle类的对象bmotorcarc;//定义motorcar类对象cmotorcycle//定义类的对

b.Run();b.Stop();c.Stop();d.Run();d.Stop();p=&a;//使指针指类象//过指针调vehicle类员函数p->Stop();p=&b;//使指针指类对象b//通过针调用类成员函p->Stop();p=&c;//使针指类对象//通过针调用motorcar成员函p->Stop();p=&d;//使指指向类对//通过指调用motorcycle类员函数p->Stop();return}运行结果：3.(选做)对实验4中的People重载“＝＝”运算符和“－”运算符，“＝＝”运算符判断两个people类对象的id属性是否相等；“－”运算符实现类对象的赋值操作。源程序：#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classBirthday{public:Birthday(intYear,intMonth,intDay);//造函数Birthday(){}//造函数~Birthday(){}//构函数Birthday(Birthday&p);//制构造函数intshowBirthday(){cout<<year<<"年"<<month<<""<<day<<"日";}//内联成员函数intenter();private:intyear,month,day;};Birthday::Birthday(Birthday&p){year=p.year;month=p.month;day=p.day;}Birthday::Birthday(intYear,intMonth,intDay)//Birthday构造函数{year=Year;

month=Month;day=Day;}intBirthday::enter(){cout<<"生日:";cin>>year>>month>>day;}classpeople{//义people类public:people(){}//people构造函数~people(){}//people析构函数people(people&p);peopleoperator==(people&);peopleoperator-(people&);intshow();intenter();private:stringnumber,id,sex;//符串类型变量数据成员Birthdayp1;//Birthday数据成员};intpeople::show(){cout<<"\n性别"<<sex<<"编号";cout<<number;cout<<"生日";p1.showBirthday();//用Birthday类成员函数cout<<"身份证号"<<id<<endl;}intpeople::enter(){p1.enter();cout<<"性别:";cin>>sex;cout<<"编号:";cin>>number;cout<<"身份证号:";cin>>id;}people::people(people&p):p1(p.p1)//people复制构造函数{number=p.number;sex=p.sex;id=p.id;}peoplepeople::operator==(people&V)//载==运算符成员函数{if(id==V.id){

cout<<"havethesameid!"<<endl;}else{cout<<"havedifferentid!"<<endl;}}peoplepeople::operator-(people&U)//载-运算符成员函数{number=U.number;//用字符串赋值运算符sex=U.sex;id=U.id;p1=U.p1;return*this;//回this指针}intmain(){intt;peoplep[2];//义对象数组p[2]for(t=0;t<2;t++)//入对象数组成员信息{cout<<"输入第"<<t+1<<"个人员的信息"<<endl;p[t].enter();}for(t=0;t<2;t++)//出对象数组成员信息{cout<<"\n第"<<t+