进阶大学英语第五单元课后练习答案

.专业.专注.KeytoExercisesOpener1.Thespeakeristalkingaboutthecomingglobalwatercrisis/waterproblem.2.Wateristhekeycomponentinourdailylife,notonlyforhumanuse,butforenergy,industry,agriculture,andlivestock.3.Ifyoulookattheearth,youwillnoticethatover75%ofourblueplanetiswater.Buttheproblemisonly3%ofthatwaterisfreshwater.Transcript:Today,accordingtoUNICEF,atleast2.6billionpeoplelackadequatesanitation,while1.1billionpeoplelivewithoutcleandrinkingwaterperiod.Wateristhekeycomponentinallofourdailylivesnomatterwherewelive,notonlyforhumanuse,butforenergy,industry,agriculture,andlivestock.Nowifyoulookattheearth,you’llnoticethatover75%ofourblueplanetiswater.Theproblemisonly3%ofthatwaterisfreshwater.Reading&InteractingI.UnderstandingtheText1.TextOrganization1.1.word完美格式..专业.专注.Paras.1-2:Weneedtoconservewateraggressivelysothatscientistscanhavetimetofindsolutions.Paras.3-7:Waterisgoingtobethemostimportantandmostcontentiousresourceofthe21stcentury.Paras.8-9:Therearesolutions,buttheytaketime.Para.10:Aggressiveconservationisneededtobuyustimebeforescientistsfindsolutions.1.21)Waterisonthewaytobecomingthemostimportantresourceofthe21stcentury.Gettingwaterrightisthegreatchallengetheworldisconfrontedwith.Tomeetthechallengeconservationshouldcomefirst;thenfollowitupwithnewsolutions.2)Tointroducethewaterproblem,theauthortellsusaboutwhathappenedonenightwhenheandhisseven-year-olddaughterwerebrushingteethtogether.Insodoingtheauthortriestointroducethereadertoaserioustopicinacasualmanner.Besides,italsoremindsusofthefactthateveryonecanplayarole,eveninourdailylife,insavingwater.3)HecitesthelateNobelLaureateRichardSmalley’slistofhumanity’stop10problemsforthenext50years.4)Hewantstoshowthereaderhowdifficultitisforustofindasolutiontothewaterproblem.5)Herepeatswhathesaysatthebeginningofthearticle:Thewaterproblemcanbesolvedbut“Thescientistsneedtime.”.word完美格式..专业.专注.2.ComprehensionCheck2.1FocusingonthemainideasInhis2003speechatRiceUniversity’sEnergy&NanotechnologyConference,thelateNobelLaureateRichardSmalleyhighlightedthetop10problemsforthenext50years.Inhislist,energysitsatthetop,andwatercomesnext.Now,withthepriceofsolarpowergoingdown,thedawnofanewenergyeraisjustaroundthecorner.Asaresult,waterisgoingtobethegreatestchallengeforhumanity.Butthewaterproblemiscomplicated.First,unlikecoalandoil,watercannotbereplaced.Second,waterisintertwinedwitheveryothersectorofsociety.Third,whilewaterdemandsaregrowing,climatechangeisintensifyingdroughtsandfloodsandwatersuppliesarefluctuating.Therearesolutions,suchasbuildingwater-transferaqueducts,hydroelectricdams,anddesalinationplants.Buttheymaybeincrediblyexpensive.Itwilltaketimeforscientiststofindaffordablesolutionstothewaterproblem.Beforethat,everyoneshoulddohisorherbittoconservewater.2.2Diggingintodetail1)Hemeansthatwaterismostlikelytobecomeastrategicresourcelikeoilthatcouldtriggergeopoliticalconflict..word完美格式..专业.专注.2)Becausesolvingtheenergyandwaterproblemswillmaketheotherproblemseasiertodealwith.Abundantenergyandwatersupplieswillincreasefoodproductionandimprovetheenvironment.Theywillalsoreducepovertyanddisease,andsoforth.3)Itmostprobablymeansenergyproducedatalowcost.4)Hemeansthateveryothersectorofsocietyneedswater.Peopleneedwaterintheirdailylife.Energyproductionrequireswaterforcoolingpowerplants.Industryneedswaterforallsortsofpurposes.Agricultureneedswaterforirrigation.5)Yes,hedid.Becausehesaidgettingfreshwaterfromsaltwateratacheappricewoulddwarfallotherscientificaccomplishments.2.3Understandingdifficultsentences1)A2)B3)A4)A5)AII.FocusingonLanguageinContext1.KeyWords&Expressions1.11.Itwillbeaclosegame.Theoutcomeishardtopredict.2.Travelersonatightbudgetwouldchoosetogotherebytraininsteadofbyplane..word完美格式..专业.专注.3.Tomwasonthepointofleavingthegardenwhenheheardsomeonecry:“Isn’titTom?Icanhardlybelievemyeyes.”4.Innovationiswhatweneedwhenwedesignnewproducts.5.Theproblemturnedouttobefarmorecomplicatedthanhehadforeseen.6.Theworksinthisroomaremostlybylocalartists.Theyembodytheartists’visionofapeacefulandenvironment-friendlycivilization.7.Water,thoughabundantinBrazil,isextremelyunevenlydistributedamongitsregions.8.Eventoday,myfirstEnglishteacher’sencouragingwordsstillringinmyears.9.Henryhasmanyfriendsworkinginthegovernment.Hissourcesofinformationareusuallyreliable.10.Thesefiguresshowthatthedeathrateofroadaccidentgetshigherasthespeedofthecarincreases.11.Withwaterdemandgrowing,theconflictbetweenthetwoneighboringvillagesoverwaterhasintensifiedovertheyears.12.Yearsagotheprofessorsaidthattherewasnodoubtthatthepeopleinthiscitywouldbeconfrontedwithawatershortage,ifnotawatercrisis.Subsequenteventshaveprovedhispredictionstobeexactlyright.13.TheTVprogramhighlightstheaftermathoftheParisterroristattacks.1.21)aroundthecorner.word完美格式..专业.专注.2)ThemoneyfromheruncleenabledJenny3)dwarfsouroldhouse4)ontrack5)andsoforth1.31.Webelievethatbuildingapowerfulnavyisintheinterestofournationaldefense.2.Hethoughtthecoffeeatbreakfastwastoosweet.Itwasn’ttohisliking.3.Thenewsystemissaidtoenableustousemuchlessoilthanbefore,inotherwords,toincreaseenergyefficiencyconsiderably.4.Speakingoftherealestatemarket,whenpeoplearelosingtheirjobs,itisalmostcertainthatthehousepriceswillgodown.5.AregionalconferenceontheconservationoffisheryresourceswillbeheldinSeoulnextweek.2.ConfusableWords2.11.LaborDayintheUSfallsonthefirstMondayinSeptember.2.Thespeakerseemedalittlenervousatfirst,butafterashortwhilebecamerelaxed.3.YouwanttolearnmakingChinesedumplings?Firstofall,letmeshowyouhowtomakedough.4.Itwassunnybutcoolwhenwestarted.Sothejourneywasquitepleasantatfirst.Thenallofasuddentherecameathunderstorm..word完美格式..专业.专注.2.21.Canadaisacountryrichinnaturalresources.2.Thetravelerswalkedupstreamuntiltheyreachedthesourceoftheriver.3.Sofartherehasbeennoresponsefromofficialsources.4.Withsuchlimitedresources,themanagerhasbeendoingremarkablywelltokeeptheorganizationgoing.3.SentencePatterns3.11.Thefactthathehasfullyrecoveredfromhisbadaccidentshowsthatmedicinecanworkwonders.2.Thereason(that)businessesaremovingtheirplantstodevelopingcountriesisthatlaborcostsintheirhomecountriesaretoohigh.3.Ifwegoonignoringthefactthatourriversarerunningdryorbeingpolluted,theconsequenceswillnotbehardtopredict.4.Thereason(that)foodpricesarerisingisthatlastyear’scropwasn’tgood.3.21.Whetherthechickencamebeforetheegg,ortheeggbeforethechicken,isaquestionofhowlifebeganingeneral..word完美格式..专业.专注.2.Isawheronthepointoftearswhenshegottheresultoftheexam.Idon’tknowwhetherweshouldgotocomfortherorjustleaveheralone.3.It’snotclearwhethershestillwantstogotothelakeorhaschangedhermind.4.Manyyoungmarriedcouplesarewonderingwhethertheyshouldbuyorjustrentanapartment.4.ComprehensivePractice1.A:WhywilloilceasetobetheNo.1problemofourtime?B:Thedawnofanewenergyeraisjustaroundthecorner.Oilpricesaregoingdownbecausesolarpowerisbecomingcheaper.Besides,improvementsinenergyefficiency,whilehelpingtocreateaclenanvironment,arereducingwasteandthedemandforoil.2.A:Whyisn’titeasytosolvethewaterproblem?B:Becausewaterisfarmorecomplicatedthanenergy.Nootherresourcecanreplacewater,soitisimpossibletofindanalternativetoit.Besides,waterdemandisrising,butwatersupplyisfluctuatingasaresultofclimatechange.3.A:Whyisitimportantforustoconservewater?B:Waterisgoingtobethemostcontentiousresourceofthe21stcentury.Itwilltriggergeopoliticalconflicts.That’swhywaterconservationisnotonlyintheinterestofoureconomybutalsoataskofstrategicimportance..word完美格式..专业.专注.Reading&ComprehendingReading11.ComprehensionCheckforReading11)T2)F3)T4)F5)T6)T7)T8)T9)F10)T2.Translation1.地球的水只有不到3%是淡水，并且大部分都被堵在雪地和冰川中，不容易获取。2.……但不幸的是，许多因素严重扰乱了淡水的流动和使用，使地球的许多地区出现大面积的危机。3.这意味着如果我们在保护水和明智用水方面无所作为，所有地区迟早都将遭遇水危机及随之而来的影响。4.绝不要以为你所处的社会先进，不至于会出现缺水问题。.word完美格式..专业.专注.Reading2ComprehensionCheckforReading21.Pollutionandscarcity.2.Thesourcesofpollutionincludemanufacturingemissions,poorlytreatedsewage,industrialspillsandagriculturalrunoff.3.Itmeansthatthewaterproblemdidnothappenovernight;insteaditresultedfromourage-oldpracticeofpollutingwaterorwastingwaterinadditiontonaturalcontaminationandnaturaldisasters.4.Asustainable,long-termsolution.IntegratedSkillsPracticingI.Viewing&Listening1)Segment1ConsidertheAralSea,forexample,locatedincentralAsia.ThenameAralSeaisactuallytranslatedinto“SeaofIslands”,referringtoover1,534islandsthatonceexisted.TodaytheAralSeaisdownto10%ofitsoriginalsize.Thesamethingishappeninginotherareasthatwereonceflourishing(but)arenowturningintodesert.2)Segment2IntheU.S.,theworld’slargestbodyoffreshwater,theOgallalaAquifer,anundergroundlakethatextendsfromtheColoradoRockiestoSouthDakotagoingallthewaydownto.word完美格式..专业.专注.theTexasPanhandlewitharangeof50to300feetofdepth.ThiswaterresourceiswhathasmadeAmerica’splainsthe“breadbasket”oftheworld.Unfortunately,likeanoilwell,thiswon’tlastforever.TheOgallalausedtohaveanaveragedepthof240feet.Todayitsaveragedepthisjust80feet.3)Segment3WhatoncewasaboomingtownthatreliedontheOgallalaAquifer,hasnowseenitsdepthsofundergroundwaterfallbetween0-50feet.Manywellsarecompletelydryandfarmershavebeenforcedtohandovertheirlandtothegovernment’sConservationReserveProgram(CRP)inexchangeforgrants.4)Segment4ConsidertheColoradoriveraswell,ariverthatusedtorunintothePacific.Notanymore.BythetimethewaterfillsthepoolsofVegasandirrigatesandprovidesdrinkingwaterthroughoutthewest,notadropofwatermakesittotheocean.Transcript:Today,accordingtoUNICEF,atleast2.6billionpeoplelackadequatesanitation,while1.1billionpeoplelivewithoutcleandrinkingwaterperiod.Wateristhekeycomponentinallofourdailylivesnomatterwherewelive,notonlyforhumanuse,butforenergy,industry,agriculture,andlivestock.Nowifyoulookattheearth,you’llnoticethatover75%ofourblueplanetiswater.Theproblemisonly3%ofthatwaterisfresh.word完美格式..专业.专注.water.Over260riverbasinsaresharedbytwoormorecountriesandmostoftheseriversarewithoutdefinedlegalorinstitutionalarrangements.ConsidertheAralSea,forexample,locatedincentralAsia.ThenameAralSeaisactuallytranslatedinto“SeaofIslands”,referringtoover1,534islandsthatonceexisted.TodaytheAralSeaisdownto10%ofitsoriginalsize.Thesamethingishappeninginotherareasthatwereonceflourishing(but)arenowturningintodesert.Areporttitled“AvoidingWaterWars:WaterScarcityandCentralAsia’sGrowingImportanceforStabilityinAfghanistanandPakistan”wasrecentlydonebytheSenateForeignRelationsCommittee.Init,itfocusedonrisingwatertensionsthatcoulddestabilizecentralandsouthAsia.Theimplicationsofawatershortagehasalreadycausedaggravateddemandforagricultureandpowergenerationaccordingtothereport.Water,withoutadoubt,isgoingtobeahugeissuealongwithoilthroughoutthiscentury.IntheU.S.,theworld’slargestbodyoffreshwater,theOgallalaAquifer,anundergroundlakethatextendsfromtheColoradoRockiestoSouthDakotagoingallthewaydowntotheTexasPanhandlewitharangeof50to300feetofdepth.ThiswaterresourceiswhathasmadeAmerica’splainsthe“breadbasket”oftheworld.Unfortunately,likeanoilwell,thiswon’tlastforever.TheOgallalausedtohaveanaveragedepthof240feet.Todayitsaveragedepthisjust80feet.RecentlyastorydoneinTexas,aboutatownnamedHappy,whohassimplyrunoutofwaterforitsfarms.WhatoncewasaboomingtownthatreliedontheOgallalaAquifer,hasnowseenitsdepthsofundergroundwaterfallbetween0-50feet.Manywellsarecompletelydryandfarmershavebeenforcedtohandovertheirlandtothegovernment’sConservationReserveProgram(CRP)inexchangeforgrants.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture.word完美格式..专业.专注.recentlystated,“Thesupplyisgoingtorunoutandtheplainswillbecomeuneconomicaltofarm.”60yearsiswhattheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculturegivesit.Thisisascarythoughtwhenyouthinkaboutthewaywehavebuiltcities,towns,andhomesaroundsomethingthatissimplyunsustainable.ConsidertheColoradoriveraswell,ariverthatusedtorunintothePacific.Notanymore.BythetimethewaterfillsthepoolsofVegasandirrigatesandprovidesdrinkingwaterthroughoutthewest,notadropofwatermakesittotheocean.Ofcoursewecan’thelpbutcommentonhowitisthegovernmentwhohascentrallyplannedpeopletoliveinthemiddleofnowhere,toliveindeserts.Ifafreemarketwouldhave