备战2021高考英语-外刊精读与练习-

备战2021高考英语-外刊精读与练习Thedogswhosafeguardourhearts养狗能保护我们的心脏健康语篇导读：有人说养宠物对人类身心健康有好处，那么养狗真的可以让人健康长寿吗？据一项最近调查显示，狗主人患心血管疾病的可能性要远低于不养狗的人。这是为什么呢？这项调查的结果可信吗？本文让我们一起探讨养狗和人类心脏健康之间的联系Step1Vocabulary词汇表canine犬的pedigree（动物）纯种mongrel杂种狗tame（尤指动物）温顺的stray流浪的companionship陪伴，友谊fetch拿来，取回，guard守卫，保护Fido对宠物狗的一^个通用名称closetoone'sheart贴近某人的心warmthecocklesofyourheart温暖你的内心cardiovascular心血管的breed（动物）品种physicalactivity体育运动socialcontact社会关系，社会往来bacterialmicrobiome细菌微生物群gut肠道onone'slonesome单独的，独自的cardiacarrest心脏停搏yourheartskipsabeat（形容紧张或兴奋）心跳停了一下topdog最好的狗，胜利者crossmyheart我保证所说属实dogsandhearts犬和心脏Step2ReadingandunderstandingAsadoglover,ourcaninecompanionsalwaysfillmewithjoy.Whetherpedigreeormongrel,tameorstray,wheneverIseeone,Ismile.Afterall,theirloyaltyisindisputable,theircompanionshipisalwayswelcome,theyfetchforus,guardforusandevenworkforuswhenrequired.GoodoldFidohasalwaysbeenclosetomy,andmanyother'shearts.Well,notcontentwithjustwarmingthecocklesofyourheart,itseemsthatourfour-legged-friendsactuallylowertheriskofcardiovasculardisease,accordingtoa2017scientificstudy,whichlookedat3.4millionSwedesfrom2001to2012.Thestudyconcludedthatthislowerrisk,whichwasparticularlyevidentinownersofhuntingbreeds,maynotjustbeduetotheincreasedphysicalactivitythatgoeshand-in-handwithowningadog,butcouldalsobedowntodogsincreasingtheowner'ssocialcontact,orbychangingtheowner'sbacterialmicrobiome,whichisthecollectionofmicroscopicspeciesthatliveinthegut.Dogschangethedirtinhomeenvironmentsandthereforeexposepeopletobacteriathattheywouldotherwisenotencounter.Theseeffectswereparticularlymarkedinthosewholivedontheirlonesome.AccordingtoMwenyaMubangaofUppsalaUniversityandleadauthorofthestudy,"singledogownershada33%reductioninriskofdeathandan11%reductioninriskofcardiacarrestcomparedtosinglenon-owners."However,beforeyourheartskipsabeat,ToveFall,seniorauthorofthestudy,alsoaddsthattheremaybelimitations.It'spossiblethatthedifferencesbetweenownersandnon-owners,whichalreadyexistedbeforethedogwasbought,couldhaveinfluencedtheresults-orthatpeoplewhoaregenerallymoreactivealsotendtogetadoganyway.Itseemsthattheresultsarenotasclearcutastheyinitiallyappeartobe,butasfarasI'mconcerned,that'sok.Ilovedogsforhowtheymakemefeeland,cardiovascularbenefitsornot,they'llalwaysbetopdogtome-crossmyheart.Step3测验与练习Task1阅读课文并回答问题。Whatreasonsdoestheauthorgiveforlovingdogs?Theyfilltheauthorwithjoy.Theirloyaltyisindisputable,theircompanionshipisalwayswelcome,theyfetchforus,guardforusandevenworkforuswhenrequiredWhendidthestudymentionedinthearticletakeplaceandwhowereitsparticipants?Thestudytookplacebetween2001and2012.Itsparticipantswere3.4millionSwedes.Whichthreereasonsaregivenforadogreducingaperson'scardiovascularrisk?Theincreasedphysicalactivityassociatedwithdogownership,theincreasedsocialcontactandthechangeoftheowner'smicrobiome.Trueorfalse?Single-householddogownersseenohealthbenefitscomparedtosingle-householdnon-ownersFalse.Singledogownershada33%reductioninriskofdeathand11%reductioninriskofcardiacarrestcomparedtosinglenon-owners.Whatlimitationsarementionedthatcouldaffecttheresultsofthestudy?Theremaybeadifferencebetweendogownersandnon-ownersthatexistedbeforethedogwasobtained.It'salsopossiblethatpeoplewhotendtobuydogsarealsogenerallymoreactive.Task2请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习•选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。Thatdogdoesn'thaveanownersocomeawayimmediately.Can'tyouseeit'sa?Itmighthaveadisease!A.tameB.FidoC.strayD.mongrelQuickly,nurse.He'sgoinginto.Getmethedefibrillator!A.microbiomeB.topdogC.canineD.cardiacarrestHewon'tbite,buthedoesn'tlikebeingtouched.It'shislastowner,whousedtobeathim.A.crossmyheartB.downtoC.clearcutD.breedsHowcanyounotseeit?There'sadifferencebetweenthefirstpictureandthesecond!A.markedB.gutC.hand-in-handD.tamePleasestopsmoking,son.Itgoeswithcancerandyoudon'twantthat.A.skipsabeatB.crossmyheartC.ontheirlonesomeD.hand-in-handTask3语法填空Asadoglover,ourcaninecompanionsalwaysfillmewithjoy.Whetherpedigreeormongrel,tameorstray,wheneverIseeone,Ismile.Afterall,their_1(loyal)isindisputable,theircompanionshipisalwayswelcome,theyfetchforus,guardforusandevenworkforuswhen_2(require).GoodoldFidohasalwaysbeenclosetomy,andmanyother'shearts.Well,notcontentwithjustwarmingthecocklesofyourheart,itseems_3ourfour-legged-friendsactuallylowertheriskofcardiovasculardisease,accordingtoa2017scientificstudy,_4lookedat3.4millionSwedesfrom2001to2012.Thestudyconcludedthatthislowerrisk,whichwas_5(particular)evidentinownersofhuntingbreeds,maynotjustbedue_6theincreasedphysicalactivitythatgoeshand-in-handwithowningadog,butcouldalsobedowntodogsincreasingtheowner'ssocialcontact,orby_7(change)theowner'sbacterialmicrobiome,whichisthecollectionofmicroscopicspecies_8liveinthegut.Dogschangethedirtinhomeenvironmentsandthereforeexposepeopletobacteriathattheywouldotherwisenotencounter.Theseeffectswereparticularlymarkedinthose_9livedontheirlonesome.AccordingtoMwenyaMubangaofUppsalaUniversityandleadauthorofthestudy,"singledog_10(own)hada33%reductioninriskofdeathandan11%reductioninriskofcardiacarrest_11(compare)tosinglenon-owners."However,beforeyourheartskipsabeat,ToveFall,seniorauthorofthestudy,alsoaddsthatthere