PEP小学英语语法要点及习题精选

PEP小学英语语法要点及精选习题一、名词复数规则1．一般情况下，直接加－s。如：book－books，bag－bags，cat－cats，bed－beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加－es。如：bus－buses，box－boxes，brush－brushes，watch－watches3．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，变y为i，再加－es。如：family－families，strawberry－strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v，再加－es。如：knife－knives5．不规则名词复数：man－menwoman－womenpoliceman－policemenpolicewoman－policewomenmouse－micechild－childrenfoot－feettooth－teethfish－fishpeople－peopleChinese－ChineseJapanese－Japanese写出下列各词的复数I___________him_________this___________her_____________watch_______child_______photo__________diary___________day__________foot_________book____________dress___________tooth________sheep_______box_____________strawberry______thief_______yo－yo______peach___________sandwich________man__________woman________paper___________juice____________water________milk_________rice____________tea______________二、一般现在时一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1.be动词：主语＋be（am，is，are）＋其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数（he，she，it）时，要在动词后加"－s"或"－es"。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语＋be＋not＋其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be＋主语＋其它。如：－Areyouastudent?－Yes.Iam./No，I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词＋一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语＋don't（doesn'tIdon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do（Does）＋主语＋动词原形＋其它。如：――Doyouoftenplayfootball?――Yes，Ido./No，Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：－－Doesshegotoworkbybike?－－Yes，shedoes./No，shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词＋一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词＋s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加－s。如：cook－cooks，milk－milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加－es。如：guess－guesses，wash－washes，watch－watches，go－goes3．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，变y为i，再加－es，如：study－studies一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go____________stay________make____________look_________have___________pass_________carry___________come__________watch__________plant_________fly_____________study_________brush__________do____________teach____________二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________（have）dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______（be）inClassOne.3.We_______（notwatch）TVonMonday.4.Nick_______（notgo）tothezooonSunday.5.______they________（like）theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______（do）onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______（read）newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______（teach）usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________（take）awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________（be）somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______（like）cooking.12.They_______（have）thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______（look）afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______（do）yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______（be）ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______（go）toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______（do）notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______（watch）TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______（have）eightlessonsthisterm.20.——Whatday_______（be）ittoday?——It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.（改为否定句）________________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）________________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.（改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答）________________________________________________________4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）________________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改为否定句）________________________________________________________6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.（改为否定句）________________________________________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（对划线部分提问）________________________________________________________8.JohncomesfromCanada.（对划线部分提问）________________________________________________________9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）________________________________________________________10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改为否定句）________________________________________________________四、改错（划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上）1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?_____________________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?_____________________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass._____________________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish._____________________________5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._____________________________三、现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be＋动词ing.3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词＋be＋主语＋动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词＋be＋动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing。如：cook－cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing。如：make－making，taste－tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing。如：run－running，stop－stopping一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play__________run____________swim____________make____________go____________like___________write____________ski_____________read__________have___________sing____________dance___________put___________see____________buy_____________love____________live__________take___________come____________get_____________stop__________sit___________begin____________shop____________二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy__________________（draw）apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________（sing）intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________（cook）somenicefoodnow.4.What___________you____________（do）now?5.Look.They_______________（have）anEnglishlesson.6.They____________（not，water）theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________（dance）intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________（listen）tomusic.9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________（have）suppernow10.__________Helen____________（wash）clothes?Yes，sheis.三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.（分别改成一般疑问句和否定句）__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.（改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答）__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.（对划线部分进行提问）_________________________________________________________________4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.（对划线部分进行提问）_________________________________________________________________四、一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow，nextday（week，month，year…soon，thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：（1）begoingto＋do；（2）will＋do.三、否定句：在be动词（am，is，are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any，and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon？2.问干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon？3.问什么时候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.一、填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I___________________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I___________________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。________yourmother_____________________goshoppingthis___________?Yes，she____________.She_____________________________buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime__________you_______________________meet?二、改句子。5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy_____________goingtogocamping.6.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I__________go__________jointhem.7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）______________________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）____________________meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）____________________she______________________________afterschool?10.Mya__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11.Todayisasunnyday.We___________________（have）apicnicthisafternoon.12.Mybrother_______________（go）toShanghainextweek.13.Tomoften______________（go）toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______________（go）toschoolbybike.14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually__________（watch）TVand____________（catch）insects?15.It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________（do）thisweekend?She______________（watch）TVand_____________（catch）insects.16.What___________（do）youdolastSunday?I____________（pick）applesonafarm.What______________（do）nextSunday?I______________（milk）cows.17.Mary____________（visit）hergrandparentstomorrow.18.LiuTao____________（fly）kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.19.David______________（give）apuppetshownextMonday.20.I________________（plan）formystudynow五、一般过去时1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：（1）am和is在一般过去时中变为waswasnot=wasn’t）（2）are在一般过去时中变为werewerenot=weren’t）（3）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is，am，are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn’t＋动词原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：（1）疑问词＋did＋主语＋动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?（2）疑问词当主语时：疑问词＋动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加－ed。如：pull－pulled，cook－cooked2．结尾是e加d。如：taste－tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加－ed。如：stop－stopped4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，变y为i，再加－ed。如：study－studied5．不规则动词过去式：am，is－wasare－weredo－didsee－sawsay－saidgive－gaveget－gotgo－wentcome－camehave－hadeat－atetake－tookrun－ransing－sangput－putmake－maderead－readwrite－wrotedraw－drewdrink－drankfly－flewride－rodespeak－spokesweep－sweptswim－swamsit－sat一、写出下列动词的过去式is\am_________fly___________plant___________are__________drink___________play__________go______________make_________does____________dance_________worry___________ask__________taste___________eat___________draw____________put__________throw___________kick__________pass____________do___________二、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I____________atschooljustnow.2.He___________atthecamplastweek.3.We___________studentstwoyearsago.4.They_________onthefarmamomentago.5.YangLing___________elevenyearsoldlastyear.6.There____________anappleontheplateyesterday.7.There____________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8.Themobilephone__________onthesofayesterdayevening.9.I_________anEnglishteachernow.10.She__________happyyesterday.11.They__________gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.12.HelenandNancy___________goodfriends.13.Thelittledog________twoyearsoldthisyear.14.Look，there___________lotsofgrapeshere.15.There___________asignonthechaironMonday..16.Today________thesecondofJune.Yesterday_________thefirstofJune.It________Children’sDay.Allthestudents_________veryexcited.三、句型转换1.Itwasexciting.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________________肯、否定回答：______________________________________________2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________________肯、否定回答：______________________________________________3.Theywereinhispocket.否定句：____________________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________________肯、否定回答：______________________________________________4.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：____________________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________________肯、否定回答：______________________________________________5.SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________________肯、否定回答：______________________________________________6.Nancywenttoschoolearly.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________________肯、否定回答：______________________________________________7.WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________________肯、否定回答：______________________________________________8.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________________肯、否定回答：______________________________________________三、中译英1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。___________________________________________________________2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。___________________________________________________________3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。___________________________________________________________4.格林先生去年住在中国。___________________________________________________________5.昨天我们参观了农场。___________________________________________________________6.他刚才在找他的手机。___________________________________________________________7.我们上周五看了一部电影。___________________________________________________________8.他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。___________________________________________________________9.你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。___________________________________________________________10.你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。___________________________________________________________11.他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。___________________________________________________________12.去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。___________________________________________________________13.他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。___________________________________________________________四、用行为动词的适当形式填空1.He____________（live）inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat___________（eat）abirdlastnight.3.We__________（have）apartylastHalloween.4.Nancy___________（pick）uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.I___________（make）amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They___________（play）chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.Mymother__________（cook）anicefoodlastSpringFestival.8.Thegirls___________（sing）and__________（dance）attheparty.9.I_________（watch）acartoononSaturday.10.Herfather__________（read）anewspaperlastnight.11.We_________tozooyesterday，we________tothepark.（go）12._________you__________（visit）yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?13._________he__________（fly）akiteonSunday?Yes，he_________.14.GaoShan__________（pull）upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.15.I____________（sweep）theflooryesterday，butmymother_________.16.What_________she__________（find）inthegardenlastmorning?She__________（find）abeautifulbutterfly.五、用动词的适当形式填空1.It_________（be）Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall_________（have）agoodtimelastnight.3.He___________（jump）highonlastSportsDay.4.Helen___________（milk）acowonFriday.5.Shelikes_________newspapers，butshe________abookyesterday.（read）6.He__________footballnow，butthey_________basketballjustnow.（play）7.Jim’smother____________（plant）treesjustnow.8._______they___________（sweep）theflooronSunday?No，they________.9.I__________（watch）acartoononMonday.10.We______________（go）toschoolonSunday.11.It________（be）the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite___________（go）tohisofficebycar.12.GaoShan___________（put）thebookonhisheadamomentago.13.Don’t_________thehouse.Mum__________ityesterday.（clean）14.What_______you_________justnow?I_________somehousework.（do）15.They____________（make）akiteaweekago.16.Iwantto_________apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.（pick）17.__________he_________theflowersthismorning?Yes，he________.（water）18.She_______（be）aprettygirl.Look，she________（do）Chinesedances.19.Thestudentsoften____________（draw）somepicturesintheartroom.20.What________Mikedoonthefarm?He___________cows.（milk）六、形容词和副词的比较级一、形容词的比较级1.形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more，alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代2．形容词加er的规则：（1）一般在词尾加er；（2）以字母e结尾，加r；（3）以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；（4）以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er。3．不规则形容词比较级：good－better，beautiful－morebeautiful二、副词的比较级1．形容词与副词的区别（有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动）（1）在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后（2）副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同3.不规则变化：well－better，far－farther一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old____________young__________tall___________long____________short__________strong_________big____________small___________fat____________thin___________heavy__________light___________nice___________good___________beautiful_________________________low____________high___________slow___________fast____________late___________early__________far____________well____________二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.Mybrotheristwoyears_____________（old）thanme.2.Tomisas___________（fat）asJim.3.Isyoursister____________（young）thanyou?Yes，sheis.4.Whois______________（thinyouorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencil－boxis_____________（bigyoursorhers?Hersis.6.Mary’shairisas_____________（long）asLucy’s.7.Ben_________（jump）___________（high）thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.________Nancysing__________（well）thanHelen?Yes，she________.9.Fangfangisnotas____________（tall）astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare_____________（big）than___________（she）..11.Whichis______________（heavytheelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup____________（earlyTimorTom?13.________thegirlsgetup__________（early）thantheboys?No，they____________.14.Jimruns________（slow）.ButBenruns________（slow）.15.Thechilddoesn’t_________（write）as_________（fast）asthestudents.三、翻译句子：1.谁比Jim年纪大？是你。__________is__________thanJim？_________are.2.谁比David更强壮？是GaoShan._______________________thanDavid?GaoShan___________.3.谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_________pencilis_________，_________or__________？____________is，Ithink.4.谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。_________apples______________________，your__________oryour__________?My_______________________.5.你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。_______________________as____________asyouruncle?Yes，Iam.6.他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。He__________as_____________as______________________Jim.7.她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。______________________as____________as_________twin__________?No，________________________thanhim.8.YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLing___________to_____________________thanSuYangeveryday.9.我跳得和Mike一样远。I____________as__________asMike.10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的，他和我跑得一样快。__________Tom______________________thanyou?No，he__________.He________as________as________.11.多做运动，你会更强壮。___________moreexercise，you’ll_______________________soon.12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。I___________________atScience.ButIdon’t____________wellinChinese.13.你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。__________you__________thekite________thanWangbing?No，I_________it___________than_________.14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike__________.Allmy_____________________________thanme.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。My______________________up___________thanme.16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。_________thegirls________________________theboys?Yes，they__________.17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。Shedoesn’t_____________________inPE.ButIdon’t___________________than___________.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。_________you__________football___________thanyourclassmates?No，they__________as__________asme.19．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My__________________________________thanmy____________.20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。___________sweater___________as__________as___________.21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。Mydress___________too________.Iwantto___________a_________one.22.I'mtallerthanMike.（该成用原级的比较）I'm____________as___________asMike.七、Therebe句型与have，has的区别1.Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2.在therebe句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is;主语是复数，be动词用are;如有几件物品，be动词根据最近be动词的那个名词决定。3.therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not，一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4.therebe句型与have（has）的区别：therebehave（has）表示某人拥有某物。5.some和any在therebe句型中的运用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。6.and和or在therebe句型中的运用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑问句。7.针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Howmany＋名词复数＋arethere＋介词短语？Howmuch＋不可数名词＋isthere＋介词短语？8.针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What’s＋介词短语？一、选择have、has或者thereis、thereare填空。1.I______________agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.__________________atelescopeonthedesk.3.He____________atape－recorder.4.________________abasketballintheplayground.5.She_____________somedresses.6.They______________anicegarden.7.Whatdoyou______________?8._________________areading－roominthebuilding?9.WhatdoesMike______________?10._________________anybooksinthebookcase?11.Myfather____________astory－book.12._______________astory－bookonthetable.13._______________anyflowersinthevase?14.Howmanystudents____________intheclassroom?15.Myparents______________somenicepictures.16._____________somemapsonthewall.17.______________amapoftheworldonthewall.18.David_____________atelescope.19.David’sfriends______________sometents.20._________________manychildrenonthehill.二、用恰当的be动词填空。1.Therealotofsweetsinthebox.2.Theresomemilkintheglass.3.Theresomepeopleunderthethebigtree.4.Thereapictureandamaponthewall.5.Thereaboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6.Therelotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7.Thereatinofchickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.8.Therefourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.三、选择have或has填空。1.I_________anicepuppet.2.He_________agoodfriend.3.They__________somemasks.4.We___________someflowers.5.She___________aduck.6.Myfather____________anewbike.7.Hermother___________avase.8.Ourteacher_________anEnglishbook.9.Ourteachers___________abasketball.10.Theirparents___________someblankets11.Nancy_________manyskirts.12.David__________somejackets.13.Myfriends__________afootball.14.Whatdoyou__________?15.WhatdoesMike__________?16.Whatdoyourfriends___________?17.WhatdoesHelen___________?18.Hisbrother________abasketball.19.Hersister_________anicedoll.20.MissLi__________anEnglishbook.八、人称代词和物主代词1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一单数I（我）memy（我的）mine人称复数we（我们）usour（我们的）ours第二单数you（你）youyour（你的）yours人称复数you（你们）youyour（你们的）yourshe（他）himhis（他的）his第三单数she（她）herher（她的）hers人称it（它）itits（它的）its复数TheythemTheirTheirs一、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall，but_________isverybig.（I）2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto____