高考英语重点语法虚拟语气讲解及练习

虚拟语气由if引导的虚拟语气虚拟语气在由if引导的条件状语从句中的用法。由if引导的虚拟语气从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在

V.+ed(were)would/could/should/might+V(原)过去

haddonewould/could/should/might+have+.未来

.+ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)Eg:1.a.IfhewerehereIwouldexplaintohimmyselfb.Iftherewerenowaterontheearth,therewouldbenolife.c.Ifwehadtimenow,weshould(would)readitagain.Eg:2.a.IfIhadseenhimyesterday,Iwouldhaveaskedhimforhelp.b.IfIhadtakenhisadvice,Ishouldnothavemadesuchamistake.c.Iwouldn’thavebelievedit,ifIhadn’tseenithappen.Eg:3a.Ifyoudroppedtheglass,itwouldbreak.b.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.c.Ifsheshouldcome,Iwouldaskherforhelp.二．虚拟语气在主语从中的用法过去时(were)过去时(were)Should(不省)+V.1.It’s(about/high)time+that在此句型中，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+that---Clause在此句型中，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。真正的主语从句的谓语要用虚拟语气,用(should)+动词原形或者should+be+vpp来表示虚拟语气省略，Should可以省略。Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.3.表示坚持,命令,要求(请求)，建议，推荐，欲望等动词的名词形式所引导的主语从句中要用虚拟语气。用should+动词原形（主动）,或者should+be+vpp来表示虚拟语气省略，Should可以省略。1).insist（insistence）2).order,command（order，command）3).advise,suggest,propose（advice，suggestion，proposal）4).demand,require,request,(demand,requirement,request)5).desire(desire)6).recommend(recommendence)常用的句型是：Theinsistence/order，command/advice，suggestion，proposal/demand,requirement,request/desire/recommendenceiswasthatsbshoulddosth(sthshouldbedone)Eg:MysuggestionwasthatthesematerialsshouldbesentSichuanprovinceatonce.三．虚拟语气在宾语从中的用法1.表示坚持,命令,要求(请求)，建议，推荐，欲望等动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。用should+动词原形（主动）,或者should+be+vpp来表示虚拟语气省略，Should可以省略。1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request5).desire6).recommendWesuggestedthatTomhavearest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresentThekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.注意:如suggest,insist不表示“建议”或“坚持要某人做某事时”,即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时,宾语从句用陈述语气。Eg：Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Theexpressiononhisfacesuggestedthathewasunhappy.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe___(be)ill.Eg:Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadattendedthemeetingyesterday.Eg:Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadattendedthemeetingyesterday.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.现在：过去时过去：过去完成时将来：过去时现在:V-ed(were)过去:had+vpp未来:V-ed(were)wish/wouldratherthat四．虚拟语气在表语从中的用法1．表示坚持,命令,要求(请求)，建议，推荐，欲望等动词的名词形式所引导的主语从句中要用虚拟语气。用should+动词原形（主动）,或者should+be+vpp来表示虚拟语气省略，Should可以省略。常用的句型是：Itis/wasordered，commanded/advised，suggested，proposed/demanded,required,requested/desired/recommendedthatsbshoulddosth(sthshouldbedone)Eg:ItwassuggestedthatthesematerialsshouldbesentSichuanprovinceatonce.2．asif/though+Clause现在：过去时过去：过去完成时Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsthatitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Helooksasifheweredrunk.五．由介词引导的虚拟语气Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.六．由ifonly引导的虚拟语气Ifonly…要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!练习题：therewerenosubjunctivemood,English____mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbefire___ifyouhadbeenmorecareful.A.wouldnotbeburningB.wouldnotburnC.wouldnothavebeenburntD.wouldnotburnt3.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe_____inturn,you_____sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving,wouldn’tD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegotit_____rain,thecropswouldbesaved.A.shouldB.willC.isgoingtoD.wasto5.______today,hewouldgettoGermanybyFriday.A.WasheleavingB.WerehetoleaveC.WouldheleaveD.Ifheleaveshe______it,he______it.A.hadseen;couldhavebelievedB.saw;couldn’tbelieveC.saw;couldn’thavebelievedD.hasseen;hadbelievedHeisaverybraveman.-----Yes,IwishI_____hiscourage.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.mayhave8.IwishI_____abletotellhimallaboutitlastnight.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldgowishI___youyesterday.A．seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee10.IwishI____tenyearsyounger.A.amB.wereC.amgoingtoD.bewishthatyou_____.A．getagoodjobB.willgetagoodjobC.wouldgetagoodjobD.havegotagoodjob12.---Don’tyouwanttogotoakaraokebarwithus?-----IwishI_____,butIhaveanappointment.A.mayB.couldC.canD.should13.---You___havesetasidemoretimetoplaywithourkids.-----IwishI____,butyouknowhowbusyIwas.should;wouldB.could;didC.might;shouldD.should;had14.Ican’tsendheraninvitation.IwishI__hernewaddress.A.knowB.willknowC.haveknownD.knew15.----Wouldyouliketoworkinmycompany?----Sorry,I’drather____here,butI’drathermybrother_____toyourcompany.A.staying;goesB.tostay;togoC.stay;wentD.tostay;goes16.----Didyoublamehimforhismistakes?-----Yes,butI’drather_____it.A.notdoB.nottodoC.havenotdoneD.nothavedone17.----Howdoesyourauntact?----Sheactsasifshe____anexpert.A.wereB.wasC.isD.hasbeen18.Thechildtalkstousasifhe___agrown-up.A.isB.willbeC.hadbeenD.were19.IrememberthestoryasthoughI___.A.justreaditB.havejustreaditC.hadjustreaditD.werejustreadingit20.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_____.A.breaksB.hasbreaksC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken21.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey___friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbe