2023届山东省潍坊市教科所高考英语全真模拟密押卷含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?A．Wouldyoubesurprised B．WereyousurprisedC．Hadyoubeensurprised D．Wouldyouhavebeensurprised2．Soabsorbed________inheryogaexercisesthatshetooknonoticeoftheheavyrainoutside.A．Marywas B．MaryhasbeenC．wasMary D．hasMarybeen3．—Bettergetdowntoyourwork,Tom.—_________.A．It’smypleasure B．Don’tmentionit C．MindyourownbusinessD．You’rewelcome4．Countrypeopledon'tpretendtohavetheseridiculousmannerswhicharenecessary_____wecallpolitesociety．A．what B．inwhatC．which D．inwhich5．Fromhisexpression,Idon’tthinkhecouldhavefinishedhishomeworklastnight,_______?A．couldn’the B．doIC．didhe D．hasn’the6．Johnsonhasn’tfeltanyeffectthenewdietingrecipehashimsincehetriedtoloseweightthreemonthsago.A．for B．to C．on D．with7．---Tobeapromisingstudentisnotaneasyjob.Ittakestime.---Ican’tagreemore._______.Thereisnoshortcut.A．AllroadsleadtoRome B．SlowbutsurewinstheraceC．Practicemakesperfect D．Romewasnotbuiltinaday8．Thisfootballplayerwasaccusedoftakingmoneyfornotscoringgoals______.A．bychance B．onend C．inturn D．onpurpose9．—Ken,________,butthemusicyouareenjoyingistooloud.—Oh,I’mterriblysorry.I’llturnitdownonthespot.A．IamreallytiredofthisB．IneedyourhelpC．I’dliketotalkwithyouD．Ihatetosaythis10．---Haveyouheardthattheyareworkingaroundtheclocktocompetefortheprize?---Don’tworry.Wearereadytothechallenge.A．buildup B．takeupC．stickto D．leadto11．Wecouldhavedonesomethingmeaningfulinthetimeit________towatchthatboringmovie.A．hastaken B．took C．hadtaken D．takes12．___________theeffectofcultureshock,heistryingtoreadalotaboutitbeforegoingtoFranceforfurtherstudy.A．ToreduceB．ReducedC．ReducingD．Havingreduced13．Ateacher’sjobisnottotellthestudentswhattobelieveorvalue,butto________themtodevelopaworldviewforthemselves.A．urge B．equipC．persuade D．rank14．_______childwillfindhisownpersonalroadtosuccess.A．EachB．TheotherC．EitherD．Another15．Astothe“996workschedule”,______employeesworkfrom9amto9pm,6daysaweek,People’sDailycommentedthatvaluinghardworkdoesnotmeanforcingemployeestoworkovertime.A．that B．which C．where D．when16．________wellformyjobinterview,IreallyhadbutterfliesinmystomachonmywaytothecompanyIhadappliedto.A．Havingnotprepared B．NothavingpreparedC．Nottohaveprepared D．Tohavenotprepared17．After________________asandstormwarningonSundayevening,meteorologistsforecastthatdustyweatherwillcontinueinpartsofthecountryonMonday.A．breakingoff B．callingoff C．leavingoff D．puttingoff18．---I’llpayavisittoHongKong.Wouldyoumindkeepinganeyeonmyhouse?---Notatall.______.A．I’drathernot B．I’dbehappyC．I’venotime D．I’dliketo19．Wewillremain______tothepathofpeacefuldevelopmentandshouldermoreinternationalresponsibilities.A．committing B．committed C．tobecommitted D．tohavecommitted20．--Wheneveryouwantagoodmeal,cometomyrestaurantandeatforfree.--Believeme.Thatisan________Iwillnotrefuse.A．approach B．offerC．idea D．instruction第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）It’snoteverydaythatUnitedStateshistorymixeswithmicrobes(微生物)inthesoil.ButwhenthegrasslandontheNationalMallinWashington,D．C．wasreplaced,itofferedscientiststheopportunitytostudychangesinthesoilbeneath.Theworkfocusedonthebacteriapresentinthesoil.Totheresearchers’surprise,thecommunitiesofmicrobesdidnotchangealotbeforeandafterthereplacement.Thesecommunitiesinthesoilareknownasthesoilmicrobiome(微生物群).“Mylabisinterestedinhowmicrobescanmovearoundintheenvironment,andhowtheychangeandadaptasaresultofthismovement,”explainsJoAnneCrouch,theleadauthorofthestudy.“Wethoughtthatthenew‘imported’turf(草皮)fromNewJerseywouldintroducedifferentcommunitiesofbacteriatotheNationalMall.However,wefoundthattheyweren’tsignificantlydifferent.”Crouch’sworkfocusedonturfgrass，definedasalargeareaofgreengrass.Itismadeupofthegrass,itsroots,andthesoilandmicrobesfoundwiththem.Thinkofthesoilmicrobiomeassimilartothecollectionofmicrobesfoundinthehumanbody.Whenthemicrobesareoutofbalance,itcanmakesomeonesick.Crouchsaysit’sthesameforthesoilmicrobiome.Manyoftheworstdiseasesincropsorotherenvironmentsarelinkedwithchangesinthesoilmicrobiome.Additionally,Crouchsaysthateventhoughthechangesbetweenthesoilsweresmall,scientistsarealsostartingtoappreciatethatsometimesareallyimportantmicrobeisarareone.Thismeansitwouldbehardtoobservebutcouldgreatlyaffecthowthegroupsfunctionasawhole.“Agriculturalareasandothernaturalspacesarehighlyandeasilyhurtbynegativechanges,”shesays.“Microbiomesofferanalmostentirelynewopportunitytoinfluenceinteractionsamongplantsandmicrobestoimproveplantproductivityandhealth.”1、Whydidtheresearchersfeelsurprisedwhentheyfocusedonthebacteriainthesoil?A．Morebacteriaappearedinthesoil.B．Microbeswerereplacedobviously.C．Soilmicrobiomealmostremainedstable.D．Thesoilmicrobiomesdamagedtheenvironment.2、Bystudyingtheturfgrass,whatdidCrouchandherteamfind?A．Microbesgrewfasterintheirowncommunity.B．Soilmicrobiomesweredifferentindifferentplaces.C．Turfgrassadaptedtotheenvironmentnearbyverysoon.D．Similarcommunitiesofbacteriawerebroughtbyturfgrass.3、Whydidtheauthormentionthemicrobesinthehumanbody?A．Toindicatethetwoplayasimilarrole.B．Toprovetheyareboththecausesofdiseases.C．Toexaminetheenvironmentspeoplelivein.D．Toanalyzethechangesofhumanmicrobes.4、WhatdoesCrouchmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Microbesarestillashardtoobserveasbefore.B．Studiesonmicrobiomescanbebeneficialtoagriculture.C．Scientistsarestillpuzzledabouttheeffectofmicrobiomes.D．Toomanymicrobiomesinthesoilmeannoharmtoplants.22．（8分）WhenJohnMuirwas11yearsold,hisfamilymovedfromScotlandtotheUnitedStatesandsettledinWisconsin.Johnwasgoodwithtoolsandsoonbecameaninventor.Hefirstinventedamodelofasawmill.Later,heinventedanalarmclockthatwouldcausethesleepingpersontobetippedoutofbedwhenthetimersounded.Muirlefthomeatanearlyage.Hetooka1,000-milewalksouthtotheGulfofMexicoin1867and1868.ThenhesailedforSanFrancisco.ThecitywastoonoisyandcrowdedforMuir,soheheadedinlandfortheSierraNevadas.WhenMuirdiscoveredtheYosemiteValleyintheSierraNevadas,itwasasifhehadcomehome.Helovedthemountains,thewildlife,andthetrees.Heclimbedthemountainsandevenclimbedtreesduringthunderstormsinordertogetclosertothewind.Heputforththetheoryinthelate1860sthattheYosemiteValleyhadbeenformedthroughtheactionofglaciers(冰川).Peopleridiculedhim.Notuntil1930wasMuir’stheoryprovencorrect.MuirbegantowritearticlesabouttheYosemiteValleytotellreadersaboutitsbeauty.HiswritingalsowarnedpeoplethatYosemitewasindangerfromtimberminingandsheepranchinginterests.In1901,TheodoreRooseveltbecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates.Hewasinterestedinconservation.MuirtookthepresidentthroughYosemite,andRoosevelthelpedgetlawspassedtocreateYosemiteNationalParkin1906.AlthoughMuirwonmanyconservationbattles,helostamajorone.HefoughttosavetheHetchHetchyValley,whichpeoplewantedtodaminordertoprovidewaterforSanFrancisco.Inlate1913,abillwassignedtodamthevalley.Muirdiedin1914.SomepeoplesaylosingthefighttoprotectthevalleykilledMuir.1、WhendidMuirinventauniqueformofalarmclock?A．WhilethefamilystilllivedinScotland.B．AfterhesailedtoSanFrancisco.C．AfterhetraveledinYosemite.D．WhiletheMuirfamilylivedinWisconsin.2、WhatdidJohnMuirdosoonafterhearrivedinSanFrancisco?A．Hewroteshortstoriesforthelocalnewspaper.B．HeputforthatheoryabouthowYosemitewasformed.C．HeheadedinlandfortheSierraNevadas.D．HebegantowritearticlesabouttheSierraNevadas.3、WhendidJohnMuirmeetTheodoreRoosevelt?A．Between1901and1906.B．Between1906and1914.C．Between1868and1901.D．Between1906and1907.4、JohnMuirismostprobablyrememberedas.A．afamouspoliticianintheUnitedStatesB．anaturalisttohelppreservelargenatureareasC．aloserinthefighttoprotecttheHetchHetchyValleyD．aninventorofamodelofsawmillandanalarmclock23．（8分）Forcenturies,medicalpioneershaverefinedavarietyofmethodsandmedicinestotreatsickness,injury,anddisability,enablingpeopletolivelongerandhealthierlives.“Asalamander(asmalllizard-likeanimal)cangrowbackitsleg.Whycan'tahumandothesame?”askedPeruvian-bornsurgeonDr.AnthonyAtalainarecentinterview.Thequestion,areferencetoworkaimingtogrownewlimbsforwoundedsoldiers,capturestheinventivespiritofregenerativemedicine.Thisinnovativefieldseekstoprovidepatientswithreplacementbodyparts.Thesepartsarenotmadeofsteel;theyaretherealthings---livingcells,tissue,andevenorgans.Regenerativemedicineisstillmostlyexperimental,withclinicalapplicationslimitedtoproceduressuchasgrowingsheetsofskinonburnsandwounds.Oneofitsmostsignificantadvancestookplacein499，whenaresearchgroupatNorthCarolina’sWakeForestInstituteforRegenerativeMedicineconductedasuccessfulorganreplacementwithalaboratory-grownbladder.Sincethen,theteam,ledbyDr.Atala,hascontinuedtogenerateavarietyofothertissuesandorgans—fromkidneystoears.Thefieldofregenerativemedicinebuildsonworkconductedintheearlytwentiethcenturywiththefirstsuccessfultransplantsofdonatedhumansofttissueandbone.However,donororgansarenotalwaysthebestoption.Firstofall,theyareinshortsupply,andmanypeoplediewhilewaitingforanavailableorgan;intheUnitedStatesalone,morethan100,000peoplearewaitingfororgantransplants.Secondly,apatient’sbodymayultimatelyrejectthetransplanteddonororgan.Anadvantageofregenerativemedicineisthatthetissuesaregrownfromapatient’sowncellsandwillnotberejectedbythebody’simmunesystem.Today,severallabsareworkingtocreatebioartificialbodyparts.ScientistsatColumbiaandYaleUniversitieshavegrownajawboneandalung.AttheUniversityofMinnesota,DorisTaylorhascreatedabeatingbioartificialratheart.Dr.Atala’smedicalteamhasreportedlong-termsuccesswithbioengineeredbladdersimplantedintoyoungpatientswithspinabifida(abirthdefectthatinvolvestheincompletedevelopmentofthespinalcord).AndattheUniversityofMichigan,H.DavidHumeshascreatedanartificialkidney.Sofar,thekidneyprocedurehasonlybeenusedsuccessfullywithsheep,butthereishopethatonedaysimilarkidneywillbeimplantableinahumanpatient.Thecontinuingresearchofscientistssuchasthesemayeventuallymakedonororgansunnecessaryand,asaresult,significantlyincreaseindividuals’chancesofsurvival.1、Inthelatestfieldofregenerativemedicine,whatarereplacementpartsmadeof?A．Donatedcells,tissuesandorgans. B．Rejectedcells,tissuesandorgans.C．Cells,tissuesandorgansofone’sown. D．Cells,tissuesandorgansmadeofsteel.2、Whathavescientistsexperimentedsuccessfullyonforabioartificialkidney?A．Patients B．RatsC．Sheep D．Soldiers3、Whyisgenerativemedicineconsideredinnovative?A．Itwillprovidepatientswithreplacementsofttissues.B．Itwillstrengthenthehumanbody’simmunesystem.C．Itwillshortenthetimepatientswaitingforadonatedorgan.D．Itwillmakepatientslivelongerwithbioartificialorgans.4、Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsregenerativemedicine？A．Positive. B．Negative.C．Doubtful. D．Reserved.24．（8分）SinceAppStorewassetup,ithasbeensellingconsumersonesimplethingchoice.Whetheryouwantedtoplaygames,readthenews,ordoathousandotherthings,therewassomethingforwhateveryoudesired.Thensomethingfunnyhappened.LoggingintotheAppStoretodayislikegoingintoashoppingmallwithonlyacoupon(优惠券)foronething:There’ssomuchchoice;itmightbeeasiertogiveupthantochoose.Itisn’tconsumerswhoareburdened,though.Toomuchcontentofallkindsalsohaseconomiceffects.Whencountlesschoicesareavailable,itcausespressure,pushingpricesdownanddrivingusabitcrazy.Sowhatisthewayforward?Itmaywellbetoturnlesschoiceitselftothemarketingstrategy.Therearealreadysignsthatthisishappening.Firstlycontentcompaniesarelookingtopreventtheirofferingsfromgettinglostinthetonsofstuff.MostobviousisDisney,whichisplanningtoopenitsownstreamingservicenextyear.ThepointistonarrowthefocussothatthoseseekingDisneycartoonswillhaveoneplacetogo,ratherthanbeingaroundvariousservices.Yetifthatrepresentsacarefulfirststep,therearemoreextremeoptionstoo.Considertheideaofawineclub:fromtensofthousandsofbottleseachyear,subscriberspaysomeonetoselectthemostinterestingones.Perhapswhatcomesnextfordigitalcontentissimilar-carefullyselectedofferingsfromtrustedsourcesthatputchoicesinthehandsofsomeoneelseinordertogetridoftheanxietyofchoosing.Uptonow,toomuchchoiceindigitalmediahasonlyonesolution:thealgorithm（运算法则）．Butwe＇veseenthetroublewithalgorithmsonYouTubeTheyfeedyouonlywhatyou’vealreadysaidyoulike,notthingsyoumaynotknowyoureinto.Worse,theyhaveatendencytoserveupdisturbingcontenthewayforwardcantsimplybemoreorbetteralgorithms.Instead,it'stimefordigitalcompaniestostartthinkingabouthowtoputlimitsonthings:onhowmuchwecanuseadevice,orwhatweareavailabletochoosefrom.Aswemovefurtherintothedigitalrevolution,whatpeopleaskforisclear:Less.1、Whatwilltoomuchchoiceofcontentonthemarketresultin?A．TheshutdownofcompaniesB．TheanxietyofconsumersC．ThepoorqualityofproductsD．Theslowdownofeconomy2、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraphs4and5?A．ContentcompaniesshouldwithdrawtheirofferingsonlineB．ContentcompaniesshouldposttheirofferingsonAppStoreC．ContentcompaniesadoptdifferentmethodstonarrowtheconsumersfocusD．ContentcompaniesopentheirownstreamingservicesonYouTube3、Howdoalgorithmsprobablyrespondtoconsumersneeds?A．TheymakeabetterchoiceforthemB．TheyhelptoremovedisturbingcontentC．TheychangetheirinterestindigitalmediaD．Theyfailtoofferwhattheypossiblylike4、WhatistheauthorsattitudetowardslimitingthechoiceconsumershaveA．Approving.B．SkepticalC．Opposing.D．Neutral25．（10分）Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.Youcanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfood.Youmaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgood.Youmaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlook,smellortasteverynice.Differentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfood.Afewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenses,whilemostanimalsusemorethanonesense.Althoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffood,someanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetype.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.Otheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoice.Alandofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbage,eventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.However,mostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimals,birdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritain,peopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweight,whichisbadfortheirhealthEatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproducts,suchasbutter,canalsobebadforthehealthChoosingtherightfood,therefore,hasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlife.1、Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals.A．dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB．arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC．choosefoodinsimilarwaysD．eatentirelydifferentfood2、Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A．ThewhitebutterflyB．Thesmallbird.C．Thebear.D．Thefox.3、Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen.A．theseasonchangesB．thefoodcolorchangesC．theymovetodifferentplacesD．theyareattractedbydifferentsmells4、Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat.A．foodischosenforagoodreasonB．FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC．somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD．somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet5、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．AnimalsoftenusesensestoeattheirfoodB．Mostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.C．Allanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonetypeoffood.D．Thedietofbirdsandfoxwillbethesamedependingontheseason第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）第二节完形填空(共20小题，阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mobilephonesareeverywhere.Itseemsthatnoonecan1withoutone.Mobilephonesareagreatwaytostay2withfriendsandfamily.3itisimportanttorememberthattherearecertain4whenyoushouldnotbeusingyourphone,themostimportantofthesebeingduring5.Thereisnoreason6youshouldfeeltheneedtohaveyourmobilephoneduringclass.Aren'tyouatschoolto7?Ifyouareinclass,youshouldnotbe8yourfriendstextmessagesortakingphonecalls.InAmericastudentswouldneverbe9tousetheirmobilephonesduringclass.Ifyouweretosendor10atextmessageyouwouldprobablybekickedoutofclass.ItisOKtohaveyourmobilephonewithyou,youjustneedtoremembertoturnit11.Itisverydisturbingtohearalotoftonesand12duringclass.AsateacherinChina,Ihavetodealwithstudents13mobilephoneseveryday.Ihavetoldmyclasstoturnofftheirphones,14manystudentsdonotlisten.Thedesiretobeconnectedallthetimeseemstobe15thanthedesiretolearn.It'seasytounderstandwhyitissotempting(诱惑人的）tohaveyourphoneonduringclass.Itseemsso16tojustsendashorttextmessage;it'snot17anyone,isit?Butyoumayactuallybehurtingyourselfwhenyoudothis.Sendingatextmessagealso18yourattentionawayfromwhat's19inclass,youmaymiss20important.Thenexttimeyouthinkaboutsendingamessageinclassyoushouldthinkagain.1、A．survive B．act C．study D．peak2、A．friendly B．close C．connected D．natural3、A．Instead B．However C．Sometimes D．Finally4、A．times B．days C．hours D．weeks5、A．shopping B．meeting C．rest D．school6、A．when B．that C．why D．where7、A．play B．learn C．help D．fight8、A．sending B．writing C．posting D．retaining9、A．hoped B．wished C．allowed D．encouraged10、A．keep B．help C．take D．receive11、A．on B．in C．out D．off12、A．ringing B．sound C．voice D．shouts13、A．thinking B．using C．considering D．bringing14、A．and B．so C．but D．then15、A．faster B．stronger C．lower D．easier16、A．cheap B．hard C．easy D．brave17、A．hurting B．meeting C．knowing D．killing18、A．pays B．puts C．breaks D．takes19、A．comingon B．goingthrough C．goingon D．comingby20、A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Chinahasalwaysbeenfamousforbeinga“StateofEtiquettes(礼仪)”.Accordingto1．(history)documents,asearlyas2,600yearsago,thisnationhasalreadyestablishedathoroughset2．diningetiquettes.Afamous19thcenturyRussianwriter,AntonChekhov,onceinvitedaChineseman3．(have)adrinkinabar.Chekhovsaid,“Beforedrinkingfromhiscup,heheld4．withhishandsandpresentedtomeandthebarownerandbartenders,5．(say)“qing(please).”ThisisthecustomofChina.Theyarenotlikeustofinishitinonedrink,6．prefertodrinkbytakingasmallamountatatime.Witheverysip(一小口),he7．(eat)somefood.AfterwardshehandedmesomeChinesecoinstoshow8．(grateful).Thisisaratherinterestinglypolitenationality.ThiswasthemostvaluableopinionofaChineseperson9．wasgivenbyaforeignertwocenturiesago.Chinesetraditionaldinnerproceduresusedtobelonganddealtseriouslywith.The10．(important)theoccasion,themorecomplextheprocedureswere.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言铕误，毎句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastSaturday,eightystudentsfromourschoolpayavisittoLiaoningScienceandTechnologyMuseum、Themuseum,whichmaintaskistospreadtheknowledgeofscienceandtechnology,coversareaof15,000squaremeters、Themomentwhenweenteredthemuseum,theexhibitioncaughttheirattention、Inthemuseum,wesawthelatestprogressesinscienceandtechnology、Moreover,wedidanamazeds