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中西方餐桌礼仪英文dTableware餐具ChopsticksKnivesandforks
Dinnerknifebutterspreader(奶油刮刀)刀
Fork:saladfork,dinnerfork,dessertfork叉(餐叉分得很细)Goblet:watergoblet,redwinegoblet,whitewinegoblet酒杯Spoon:soupspoonteaspoon勺子Soupbowl碗Serviceordinnerplatebreadandbutterplate餐盘Napkin餐巾ChopsticksareusedtoeatmostkindsofChinesefoods.Holdyourchopstickstowardstheirend,notinthemiddleorthefrontthirdwhendiningwiththem.Whenyouarenotusingyourchopsticks,orhavefinishedeating,laythemdowninfrontofyouwiththetipstoleft.butterspreader(奶油刮刀)餐具摆放(theplaceofthetableware)Informalsettings,allthesilverware,glassware,cups,saucersandthelikeareplacedonthetable,soit’softendifficulttoknowwhichforktousewhenorwhichwaterglassisyours.Asageneralruletothumb,silverwareislinedupintheorderinwhichapersonwillusethem,goingfromtheoutside,in.Forinstance,theforkandknifeusedforthesaladareplacedintheoutermostofthesetting,farthestfromyourplate(withtheexceptionofthespoon).Dessertsilverware,ifnotbroughtoutwiththedessert,areplacedatthetopofyourentréeplate.Glassware,cupandsaucerareplacedtoyourright,whilethenapkin,breadplateandbutterspreadertoyourleft.
餐具的使用(theuseofthetableware)
Rulesonflatware(扁平的餐具,指刀,叉,匙等)Startfromtheoutsideandworkyourwayintowardtheplatesasthemealprogresses.Usually,thebigforkisfortheentree;thebigspoonforthesoup.餐具的使用根据上菜的顺序由外向里使用。通常,最大的叉子是用来食用主菜的,最大的汤匙是用来喝汤的。“bd”手势:吃在你的左手边,喝在你的右手边!/Eatbreadisonurleft,drinkisonurright,摆餐具也照此守则Usetheknifebyyourrighthand.andusetheforkbyyourlefthand.Onceautensil(餐具)hasbeenused,itnevergoesbackonthetable.whenyouaretakingbreak,restyourforkandknifeentirelyontheplate.whenyouarefinished,placethemdiagonally(对角地)ontheplate,sidebyside,withthehandles(手柄)at4o"clock.Theknifeblade(刀片)shouldfacethecenteroftheplate,notpointouttowardanotherguest(anancientsignofaggression)任何器具用过之后就要被撤下,不可再回到餐桌上,在用餐的过程中如要休息放下手中的刀叉时,刀叉应对角地(八字型)分别放在餐盘边上,不可一半在餐盘上一半在餐桌上,而且刀刃要朝向餐盘的中央,不能朝外对着旁边的客人,这在古代会被看作是一个挑衅的信号。每吃完一道菜后,刀叉要并拢放在盘中,等服务员撤走。TheorderofdishesinChinaThemealusuallybeginswithasetofatleastfourcolddishes,tobefollowedbythemaincoursesofhotmeatandvegetabledishes.Soupthenwillbeservedtobefollowedbystaplefoodrangingfromrice,noodlestodumplings.Ifyouwishtohaveyourricetogowithotherdishes,youshouldsaysoingoodtime,formostoftheChinesechoosetohavethestaplefoodatlastorhavenoneofthematall.TheorderofdishesintheWest.Dinnerstartwithasmalldish,whichisoftencalledanastarter.Afterthestarteryouwillgetabowlofsoup.Then,fishcourse.Thenextdishisthemaincourse,itusuallyisabeefsteak.Avegetablesaladwillbeserved.Thenadeliciousdessertwillappearatthetable.Atlastisacupofteaorcoffee.
startersoupFishcourseMaincoursevegetabledessertcoffeeMannersintheWest1)Whenleavingthetableduringthecourseofyourmeal,putyournapkinonyourchair,notthetable.Noonewantstoseeyourstainednapkin.Andatthecompletionofthemeal,placeitontheleftofyourplate,orifyourplatehasbeencleared,inthecenter.
2)Wheninasituationwhereyouhavetopassfoodorcondimentstoothersatthetable,passittoyourright,orcounterclockwise.Neverdoa“boardinghousereach”acrossthetable.3)Whilecuttingmeat,thecorrectwayistocutapieceandthenswitchyourforktoyourrighthandtopickitup.Thismethodisconsideredthe“American”way.Notswitchingyourforkandusingyourleftiscalledthe“Continental”way,andisdonemostofteninEuropeancountries.ThiswayisgainingacceptanceandIwouldn’tbesurprisedifonedaysoonit’sconsideredacceptableinfinedining.Also,cutmeatapieceatatime.Cuttingtheentiremeatupintopiecesorcutting
morethanoneatatimeistacky
4)
Whenyou’redonewithyourmeal,theproperplacementofthesilverwareistolaythemparalleltoeachotherandacrosstheplatewiththehandlesfacingtheright.Toclarify,theendswouldbefacing10o’clockandfour.Note:Notallwaiterswillknowthisandtheystillmayaskyouifit’sokaytoclearyourplate.Atleastyouappearclassy.
MannersinChina1)SpittingOuttheBonesInChinaitisalsocommonpracticetospitthingsoutonthetableorthefloor.Oftenfoodhassmallpiecesofboneorotherinediblepartsthatneedtoberemovedfromthemouth.Usingchopsticks,ahandoratissueisapolitewayaroundtheproblem.2)TouchingTablesThoughintheWestitissometimesconsideredrudetoputone’selbowsonthediningtable,thisisquiteacceptableinChina,particularlywheneatingnoodles.Youhowevermaywanttoavoidthisinsomerestaurantswherethetableisonlywipedwithanoldclothandtheremaybesomeunseenresiduefromthepreviouspatrons’meals.3)DessertEatingsomethingsweetfordessertisnotaChinesecustom.SweetthingscanbefoundhiddenamongeverythingelseonaChinesemenu.FruitsaladsandcaramelcoveredappleareChinesesweetdishesthatarepopularwithWesterners.4)Dri
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