2011～2015年考研英语二真题

2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A7,[B],

[C]or[D]ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

“TheInternetaffordsanonymitytoitsusers—aboontoprivacyandfreedomofspeech.Butthatvery

anonymityisalsobehindtheexplosionofcybercrimethathas]acrosstheWeb.

Canprivacybepreserved2bringingasemblanceofsafetyandsecuritytoaworldthatseems

increasingly3?

Lastmonth,HowardSchmidt,thenation'scyber-czar,offeredtheObamagovernmenta4to

maketheWebasaferplace一a"voluntaryidentify"systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech5ofa

physicalkey,fingerprintandaphotoIDcard,allrolled6one.Thesystemmightuseasmartidentity

card,oradigitalcredential7toaspecificcomputer,andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeof

onlineservices.

Theideaisto8afederationofprivateonlineidentifysystems.Userscould9whichsystem

tojoin,andonlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.

TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver'slicense10bythegovernment.

GoogleandMicrosoftareamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavesign-on,9systemsthatmakeitpossible

forusersto11justoncebutusemanydifferentservices.

12theapproachwouldcreatea“walledgarden"insafe“neighborhoods”andbright

“streetlights”toestablishasenseof13community.

Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa"voluntaryecosystem^^inwhich"individualsandorganizationscan

completeonlinetransactionswith14,trustingtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructure15whichthe

transactionruns.^^

Still,theadministration'splanhas16privacyrightsactivists.Someapplaudtheapproach;

othersareconcerned.Itseemsclearthatsuchaschemeisaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould17be

acompulsoryInternet“driver'slicense^^mentality.

Theplanhasalsobeengreetedwith18bysomecomputersecurityexperts,whoworrythatthe

"voluntaryecosystem^^envisionedbyMr.SchmidtwouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet19.They

arguethatallInternetusersshouldbe20toregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythat

driversmustbelicensedtodriveonpublicroads.

1.[A]swept[B]skipped[C]walked[D]ridden

2.[A]for[B]within[C]while[D]though

3.[A]careless[B]lawless[C]pointless[D]helpless

4.[A]reason[B]reminder[C]compromise[D]proposal

5.[A]information[B]interference[C]entertainment[D]equivalent

6.[A]by[Blinto[C]fromfD]over

7.[A]linked[B]directed[C]chained[D]compared

8.fA]dismiss[B]discover[C]create[D]improve

9.[A]recall[B]suggest[C]select[D]realize

10.[A]released[B]issued[C]distributed[D]delivered

11.[A]carryon[B]lingeron[C]setin[D]login

2011年考研英语二(1)

12.[A]Invain[BlIneffect[C]InreturnfD]Incontrast

13.[A]trusted[B]modernized[C]thriving[D]competing

14.[A]caution[B]delight[C]confidence[D]patience

15.[A]on[B]after[C]beyond[D]across

16.[A]divided[B]disappointed[C]protected[D]united

17.[A]frequently[B]incidentally[C]occasionally[D]eventually

18.[A]skepticism[B]tolerance[C]indifferencefD]enthusiasm

19.[A]manageable[B]defendable[C]vulnerable[D]invisible

20.[A]invited[B]appointed[C]allowedfD]forced

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],

[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

RuthSimmonsjoinedGoldmanSachs'sboardasanoutsidedirectorinJanuary2000:ayearlatershe

becamepresidentofBrownUniversity.Fortherestofthedecadesheapparentlymanagedbothroles

withoutattractingmucheroticism.Butbytheendof2009Ms.Simmonswasunderfireforhavingsaton

Goldman'scompensationcommittee;howcouldshehaveletthoseenormousbonuspayoutspass

unremarked?ByFebruarythenextyearMs.Simmonshadlefttheboard.Thepositionwasjusttakingup

toomuchtime,shesaid.

Outsidedirectorsaresupposedtoserveashelpful,yetlessbiased,advisersonafirm'sboard.Having

madetheirwealthandtheirreputationselsewhere,theypresumablyhaveenoughindependenceto

disagreewiththechiefexecutive'sproposals.Ifthesky,andthesharepriceisfalling,outsidedirectors

shouldbeabletogiveadvicebasedonhavingweatheredtheirowncrises.

TheresearchersfromOhioUniversityusedadatabasehatcoveredmorethan10,000firmsandmore

than64,000differentdirectorsbetween1989and2004.Thentheysimplycheckedwhichdirectorsstayed

fromoneproxystatementtothenext.Themostlikelyreasonfordepartingaboardwasage,sothe

researchersconcentratedonthose“surprise“disappearancesbydirectorsundertheageof70.Theyfount

thatafterasurprisedeparture,theprobabilitythatthecompanywillsubsequentlyhavetorestateearnings

increasedbynearly20%.Thelikelihoodofbeingnamedinafederalclass-actionlawsuitalsoincreases,

andthestockislikelytoperformworse.Theeffecttendedtobelargerforlargerfirms.Althougha

correlationbetweenthemleavingandsubsequentbadperformanceatthefirmissuggestive,itdoesnot

meanthatsuchdirectorsarealwaysjumpingoffasinkingship.Oftenthey"tradeup."Leavingriskier,

smallerfirmsforlargerandmorestablefirms.

Buttheresearchersbelievethatoutsidedirectorshaveaneasiertimeofavoidingablowtotheir

reputationsiftheyleaveafirmbeforebadnewsbreaks,evenifareviewofhistoryshowstheywereon

theboardatthetimeanywrongdoingoccurred.Firmswhowanttokeeptheiroutsidedirectorsthrough

toughtimesmayhavetocreateincentives.OtherwiseoutsidedirectorswillfollowtheexampleofMs.

Simmons,onceagainverypopularoncampus.

21.AccordingtoParagraph1,Ms.Simmonswascriticizedfor

[A]gainingexcessiveprofits[B]failingtofulfillherduty

2011年考研英语二⑵

[C]refusingtomakecompromises[D]leavingtheboardintoughtimes

22.WelearnfromParagraph2thatoutsidedirectorsaresupposedtobe.

[A]generousinvestorsfB]unbiasedexecutives

[C]sharepriceforecasters[D]independentadvisers

23.AccordingtotheresearchersfromOhioUniversityafteranoutsidedirector'ssurprisedeparture,the

firmislikelyto.

[A]becomemorestable[B]reportincreasedearnings

[C]dolesswellinthestockmarket[D]performworseinlawsuits

24.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatoutsidedirectors.

[A]maystayfortheattractiveoffersfromthefirm

[B]haveoftenhadrecordsofwrongdoingsinthefirm

[C]areaccustomedtostress-freeworkinthefirm

[DIwilldeclineincentivesfromthefirm

25.Theauthor'sattitudetowardtheroleofoutsidedirectorsis.

[A]permissivefB]positive[C]scornfulfD]critical

Text2

Whateverhappenedtothedeathofnewspaper?Ayearagotheendseemednear.Therecession

threatenedtoremovetheadvertisingandreadersthathadnotalreadyfledtotheinternet.Newspaperslike

theSanFranciscoChroniclewerechroniclingtheirowndoom.America'sFederalTradecommission

launchedaroundoftalksabouthowtosavenewspapers.Shouldtheybecomecharitablecorporations?

Shouldthestatesubsidizethem?Itwillholdanothermeetingsoon.Butthediscussionsnowseemoutof

date.

Inmuchoftheworldthereisthesignofcrisis.GermanandBrazilianpapershaveshruggedoffthe

recession.EvenAmericannewspapers,whichinhabitthemosttroubledcomeoftheglobalindustry,have

notonlysurvivedbutoftenreturnedtoprofit.Notthe20%profitmarginsthatwereroutineafewyears

ago,butprofitallthesame.

Ithasnotbeenmuchfun.Manypapersstayedafloatbypushingjournalistsoverboard.TheAmerican

SocietyofNewsEditorsreckonsthat13,500newsroomjobshavegonesince2007.Readersarepaying

moreforslimmerproducts.Somepapersevenhadthenervetorefusedeliverytodistantsuburbs.Yet

thesedesperatemeasureshaveprovedtherightonesand,sadlyformanyjournalists,theycanbepushed

further.

Newspapersarebecomingmorebalancedbusinesses,withahealthiermixofrevenuesfromreaders

andadvertisers.Americanpapershavelongbeenhighlyunusualintheirrelianceonads.Fully87%of

theirrevenuescamefromadvertisingin2008,accordingtotheOrganizationforEconomicCooperation&

Development(OECD).InJapantheproportionis35%.Notsurprisingly,Japanesenewspapersaremuch

morestable.

Thewhirlwindthatsweptthroughnewsroomsharmedeverybody,butmuchofthedamagehasbeen

concentratedinareaswherenewspaperareleastdistinctive.Carandfilmreviewershavegone.Sohave

scienceandgeneralbusinessreporters.Foreignbureaushavebeensavagelycutoff.Newspapersareless

completeasaresult.Butcompletenessisnolongeravirtueinthenewspaperbusiness.

26.Bysaying"Newspaperslike...theirowndoom”(Lines2-3,Para.1),theauthorindicatesthat

newspaper.

[A]neglectedthesignofcrisis[B]failedtogetstatesubsidies

2011年考研英语二⑶

[C]werenotcharitablecorporations[D]wereinadesperatesituation

27.Somenewspapersrefuseddeliverytodistantsuburbsprobablybecause.

[A]readersthreatenedtopayless

[B]newspaperswantedtoreducecosts

[C]journalistsreportedlittleabouttheseareas

[D]subscriberscomplainedaboutslimmerproducts

28.ComparedwiththeirAmericancounterparts,Japanesenewspapersaremuchmorestablebecausethey

[A]havemoresourcesofrevenue[B]havemorebalancednewsrooms

[C]arelessdependentonadvertising[D]arelessaffectedbyreadership

29.Whatcanbeinfen*edfromthelastparagraphaboutthecuiTentnewspaperbusiness?

[A]Distinctivenessisanessentialfeatureofnewspapers.

[BlCompletenessistoblameforthefailureofnewspaper.

[C]Foreignbureausplayacrucialroleinthenewspaperbusiness.

[D]Readershavelosttheirinterestincarandfilmreviews.

30.Themostappropriatetitleforthistextwouldbe.

[A]AmericanNewspapers:StrugglingforSurvival

[B]AmericanNewspapers:GonewiththeWind

[C]AmericanNewspapers:AThrivingBusiness

[D]AmericanNewspapers:AHopelessStory

Text3

WetendtothinkofthedecadesimmediatelyfollowingWorldWarIIasatimeofprosperityand

growth,withsoldiersreturninghomebythemillions,goingofftocollegeontheG.I.Billandliningupat

themarriagebureaus.

Butwhenitcametotheirhouses,itwasatimeofcommonsenseandabeliefthatlesscouldtrulybe

more.DuringtheDepressionandthewar,Americanshadlearnedtolivewithless,andthatrestraint,in

combinationwiththepostwarconfidenceinthefuture,madesmall,efficienthousingpositivelystylish.

Economicconditionwasonlyastimulusforthetrendtowardefficientliving.Thephrase“lessis

more^^wasactuallyfirstpopularizedbyaGerman,thearchitectLudwigMiesvanderRohe,wholike

otherpeopleassociatedwiththeBauhaus,aschoolofdesign,emigratedtotheUnitedStatesbeforeWorld

WarIIandtookuppostsatAmericanarchitectureschools.Thesedesignerscametoexertenormous

influenceonthecourseofAmericanarchitecture,butnonemoresothanMies.

Mies'ssignaturephrasemeansthatlessdecoration,properlyorganized,hasmoreimpactthatalot.

Elegance,hebelieved,didnotderivefromabundance.Likeothermodemarchitects,heemployedmetal,

glassandlaminatedwood-materialsthatwetakeforgrantedtodaybuythatinthe1940ssymbolizedthe

future.Mies'ssophisticatedpresentationmaskedthefactthatthespaceshedesignedweresmalland

efficient,ratherthanbigandoftenempty.

TheapartmentsintheeleganttowersMiesbuiltonChicago9sLakeShoreDrive,forexample,were

smaller-two-bedroomunitsunder1,000squarefeet-thanthoseintheirolderneighborsalongthecity's

GoldCoast.Buttheywerepopularbecauseoftheirairyglasswalls,theviewstheyaffordedandthe

eleganceofthebuildings,detailsandproportions,thearchitecturalequivalentoftheabstractartso

popularatthetime.

Thetrendtoward"less"wasnotentirelyforeign.Inthe1930sFrankLloydWrightstartedbuilding

moremodestandefficienthouses-usuallyaround1,200squarefeet-thanthespreadingtwo-storyoneshe

2011年考研英语二(4)

haddesignedinthe1890sandtheearly20thcentury.

The“CaseStudyHouses“commissionedfromtalentedmodemarchitectsbyCaliforniaArts&

Architecturemagazinebetween1945and1962wereyetanotherhomegrowninfluenceonthe“lessis

more^^trend.Aestheticeffectcamefromthelandscape,newmaterialsandforthrightdetailing.InhisCase

StudyHouse,Ralpheverydaylife-fewAmericanfamiliesacquiredhelicopters,thoughmosteventually

gotclothesdryers-buthisbeliefthatself-sufficiencywasbothdesirableandinevitablewaswidelyshared.

31.ThepostwarAmericanhousingstylelargelyreflectedtheAmericans9.

[A]prosperityandgrowth[B]efficiencyandpracticality

[C]restraintandconfidence[D]prideandfaithfulness

32.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3aboutBauhaus?

[A]ItwasfoundedbyLudwigMiesvanderRohe.

[BlItsdesigningconceptwasaffectedbyWorldWarII.

[C]MostAmericanarchitectsusedtobeassociatedwithit.

[D]IthadagreatinfluenceuponAmericanarchitecture.

33.Miesheldthateleganceofarchitecturaldesign.

[A]wasrelatedtolargespace

[B]wasidentifiedwithemptiness

[C]wasnotreliantonabundantdecoration

[D]wasnotassociatedwithefficiency

34.WhatistrueabouttheapartmentsMiesbuildingChicago'sLakeShoreDrive?

[A]Theyignoreddetailsandproportions.

[B]Theywerebuiltwithmaterialspopularatthattime.

[C]Theyweremorespaciousthanneighboringbuildings.

[D]Theysharedsomechai*acteristicsofabstractart.

35.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedesignofthe"CaseStudyHouse”？

[AlMechanicaldeviceswerewidelyused.

[B]Naturalscenesweretakenintoconsideration.

[C]Detailsweresacrificedfbrtheoveralleffect.

[D]Eco-friendlymaterialswereemployed.

Text4

WilltheEuropeanUnionmakeit?Thequestionwouldhavesoundedstrangenotlongago.Noweven

theproject'sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga"Bermudatriangle^^ofdebt,population

declineandlowergrowth.

Aswellasthosechronicproblems,theEUfaceanacutecrisisinitseconomiccore,the16countries

thatusethesinglecurrency.Marketshavelostfaiththattheeurozone'seconomies,weakerorstronger,

willonedayconvergethankstothedisciplineofsharingasinglecurrency,whichdeniesuncompetitive

membersthequickfixofdevaluation.

YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope'ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuck

becausetheeurozone'sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedfbrgreater

harmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.

Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,

barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.Thesemightincludethreatsto

freezeEUfundsforpoorerregionsandEUmega-projectsandeventhesuspensionofacountry9svoting

2011年考研英语二(5)

rightsinEUministerialcouncils.Itinsiststhateconomicco-ordinationshouldinvolveall27membersof

theEUclub,amongwhomthereisasmallmajorityforfree-marketliberalismandeconomicrigor;inthe

innercorealone,Germanyfears,asmallmajorityfavourFrenchinterference.

A“southern“campheadedbyFrenchwantssomethingdifferent:"Europeaneconomicgovernment”

withinaninnercoreofeuro-zonemembers.Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetary

policyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingfor

governmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.Finally,figuresclosetotheFrance

governmenthavemurmured,euro-zonemembersshouldagreetosomefiscalandsocialharmonization:

e.g.,curbingcompetitionincorporate-taxratesorlabourcosts.

ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld'slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,the

Europeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,its

internalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.Itisan

ambitiousattempttobluntthesharpestedgesofglobalization,andmakecapitalismbenign.

36.TheEUisfacedwithsomanyproblemsthat.

[A]ithasmoreorlesslostfaithinmarkets

fB]evenitssupportersbegintofeelconcerned

[C]someofitsmembercountriesplantoabandoneuro

[D]itintendstodenythepossibilityofdevaluation

37.ThedebateovertheEU'ssinglecurrencyisstuckbecausethedominantpowers.

[A]arecompetingfortheleadingposition

[B]arebusyhandlingtheirowncrises

fC]failtoreachanagreementonharmonization

[D]disagreeonthestepstowardsdisintegration

38.Tosolvetheeuroproblem,Germanyproposedthat.

[A]EUfundsforpoorregionsbeincreased

[B]stricterregulationsbeimposed

[C]onlycoremembersbeinvolvedineconomicco-ordination

[D]votingrightsoftheEUmembersbeguaranteed

39.TheFrenchproposalofhandlingthecrisisimpliesthat.

[A]poorcountriesaremorelikelytogetfunds

[B]strictmonetarypolicywillbeappliedtopoorcountries

[C]loanswillbereadilyavailabletorichcountries

[D]richcountrieswillbasicallycontrolEurobonds

40.RegardingthefutureoftheEU,theauthorseemstofeel.

[A]pessimistic[B]desperate[C]conceited[D]hopeful

PartB

Directions:Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyfindinginformationfromtheright

columnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetailsgivenintheleftcolumn.Therearetwo

extrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Leadingdoctorstodayweighinonthedebateoverthegovernment'sroleinpromotingpublichealth

bydemandingthatministersimpose“fattaxes“onunhealthyfoodandintroducecigarette-stylewarnings

tochildrenaboutthedangersofapoordiet.

2011年考研英语二(6)

Thedemandsfollowcommentsmadelastweekbythehealthsecretary,AndrewLansley,who

insistedthegovernmentcouldnotforcepeopletomakehealthychoicesandpromisedtofreebusinesses

frompublichealthregulations.

Butseniormedicalfigureswanttostopfast-foodoutletsopeningnearschools,restrictadvertisingof

productshighinfat,saltorsugar,andlimitsponsorshipofsportseventsbyfast-foodproducerssuchas

McDonald's.

TheyarguethatgovernmentactionisnecessarytocurbBritain'saddictiontounhealthyfoodand

helphaltspiralingratesofobesity,diabetesandheartdisease.ProfessorTerenceStephenson,presidentof

theRoyalCollegeofPaediatricsandChildHealth,saidthattheconsumptionofunhealthyfoodshouldbe

seentobejustasdamagingassmokingorexcessivedrinking.

“Thirtyyearsago,itwouldhavebeeninconceivabletohaveimaginedabanonsmokinginthe

workplaceorinpubs,andyetthatiswhatwehavenow.arewewillingtobejustascourageousinrespect

ofobesity?Iwouldsuggestthatweshouldbe,“saidtheleaderoftheUK'schildren'sdoctors.

Lansleyhasalarmedhealthcampaignersbysuggestinghewantsindustryratherthangovernmentto

takethelead.Hesaidthatmanufacturersofcrispsandcandiescouldplayacentralroleinthe

Change4Lifecampaign,thecentre-pieceofgovernmenteffortstoboosthealthyeatingandfitness.Hehas

alsocriticizedthecelebritychefJamieOliver'shigh-profileattempttoimproveschoollunchesinEngland

asanexampleofhow“lecturing”peoplewasnotthebestwaytochangetheirbehavior.

StephensonsuggestedpotentialrestrictionscouldincludebanningTVadvertisementsforfoodshigh

infat,saltorsugarbefore9pmandlimitingthemonbillboardsorincinemas.6tIfwewerereallybold,we

mightevenbegintothinkofhigh-caloriefastfoodinthesamewayascigarettes——bysettingstrictlimits

onadvertising,productplacementandsponsorshipofsportsevents,hesaid.

SuchamovecouldaffectfirmssuchasMcDonald's,whichsponsorstheyouthcoachingschemerun

bytheFootballAssociation.Fast-fbodchainsshouldalsostopoffering“inducements“suchastoys,cute

animalsandmobilephonecredittolureyoungcustomers,Stephensonsaid.

ProfessorDineshBhugra,presidentoftheRoyalCollegeofPsychiatrists,said:"Ifchildrenare

taughtabouttheimpactthatfoodhasontheirgrowth,andthatsomethingscanharm,atleastinformation

isavailableupfront.^^

Healsourgedcouncilstoimpose"fast-fdod-freezones^^aroundschoolandhospitals-areaswithin

whichtakeawayscannotopen.

ADepartmentofHealthspokespersonsaid:"Weneedtocreateanewvisionforpublichealthwhere

allofsocietyworkstogethertogethealthyandlivelonger.Thisincludescreatinganew"responsibility

deal'withbusiness,builtonsocialresponsibility,notstateregulation.Laterthisyear,wewillpublisha

whitepapersettingoutexactlyhowwewillachievethis.”

Thefoodindustrywillbealarmedthatsuchseniordoctorsbacksuchradicalmoves,especiallythe

calltousesomeofthetoughtacticsthathavebeendeployedagainstsmokingoverthelastdecade.

[A]"fattaxes“shouldbeimposedonfast-foodproducerssuchas

McDonald's.

41.AndrewLansleyheldthat[B]thegovernmentshouldbanfast-foodoutletsinthe

neighborhoodofschools

42.TerenceStephensonagreedthat[C]"lecturing“wasaneffectivewaytoimproveschoollunchesin

England.

43.JamieOliverseemedtobelievethat[D]cigarette-stylewarningsshouldbeintroducedtochildren

aboutthedangersofapoordiet.

2011年考研英语二⑺

44.DineshBhugrasuggested[E]theproducersofcrispsandcandiescouldcontribute

thatsignificantlytotheChange4Lifecampaign.

45.ADepartmentofHealth[F]parentsshouldsetgoodexamplesfbrtheirchildrenby

Spokespersonproposedthatkeepingahealthydietathome.

[G]thegovernmentshouldstrengthenthesenseofresponsibility

amongbusinesses.

SectionIIITranslation

46.Directions:InthissectionthereisatextinEnglish.TranslateitintoChinese,writeyour

translationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)

Whowouldhavethoughtthat,globally,theITindustryproducesaboutthesamevolumesof

greenhousegasesastheworld'sairlinesdo-rough2percentofallCO2emissions?

Manyeveiydaytaskstakeasurprisingtollontheenvironment.AGooglesearchcanleakbetween

0.2and7.0gramsofCO2dependingonhowmanyattemptsareneededtogetthe“right”answer.To

deliverresultstoitsusersquickly,then,Googlehastomaintainvastdatacentresroundtheworld,packed

withpowerfulcomputers.WhileproducinglargequantitiesofCO2,thesecomputersemitagreatdealof

heat,sothecentresneedtobewellair-conditioned,whichusesevenmoreenergy.

However,Googleandotherbigtechprovidersmonitortheirefficiencycloselyandmake

improvements.Monitoringisthefirststepontheroadtoreduction,butthereismuchtobedone,andnot

justbybigcompanies.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

47.Directions:

SupposeyourcousinLiMinghasjustbeenadmittedtoauniversity.Writehim/heraletterto

1)congratulatehim/her,and

2)givehim/hersuggestionsonhowtogetpreparedforuniversitylife.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“ZhcmgWei“instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

PartB

48.Directions:

Writeashortessaybasedonthefollowingchart.

Inyourwriting,youshould:

1)interpretthechartand

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

Writeyouressayonanswersheet2.(15points)0产品脚.日系品祥o美系昌牌

答案速查2008、2009年国内新车市场部分【前牌份额示意圉】

1-5ACBDD6-10BACCB11-15DBACA16-20ADACD

21-25BDCAB26~30DBCAA31-35CDCDB36-40BCBAD41-45EDCBG

2011年考研英语二(8)

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A7,[B],

[C]or[D]ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeG.I.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmerican

militaryadventurism,butthat'snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho]inWorldWar

IIandthepeopletheyliberated,theG.I.wasthe2mangrownintohero,thepoolfarmkidtorn

awayfromhishome,theguywho3alltheburdensofbattle,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowent

withoutthe4offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.This

wasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5anaverageguy,up6thebesttrained,

bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseenincenturies.

Hisnameisnotmuch.G.I.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7GovernmentIssue,anditwas

onallofthearticle8tosoldiers.AndJo