初中主谓一致的用法及专项练习题带答案

主谓分歧的用法及专项练习题之杨若古兰创作一、主谓分歧三准绳主谓分歧是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上坚持分歧，主谓分歧必须遵守三准绳：语法分歧准绳，意义分歧准绳，就近分歧准绳.1.语法分歧准绳：指主语是单数方式，谓语动词用单数方式，主语是复数方式，谓语也用复数方式.Tomisagoodstudent.汤姆是个好先生.Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.他们经常在操场上踢足球.2.意义分歧：指主语方式上为单数，但意义为复数，是以谓语动词用复数方式；或主语方式上为复数,但暗示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数方式.Myfamilyishavinglunchnow.我们一家人此刻正吃午餐.Twentydollarsistooexpensiveforthebook.这本书20美元太贵了.3.就近分歧：指谓语动词用单数方式还是用复数方式，取决于最靠近他的主语.例如：Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslikeplayingfootball.不但老师爱好踢足球，而且他的先生也爱好踢足球.Thereisapenandsomebooksonthedesk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书.二、主谓分歧常考题型1.单数名词(代词)，不成数名词作主语时，谓语用单数方式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数方式.ThedeskisTom’s.这张桌子是汤姆的.Somewaterisinthebottle.一些水在瓶子里.Thestudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.这些先生正在操场上踢足球.2.manya+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“很多”，但谓语要用单数方式.ManyastudenthasbeentoShanghai.很多先生到过上海.3.morethanone+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数.MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing.不止一个先生曾去过北京.4.暗示时间，价格，分量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个全体概念，谓语用单数方式.例如：Twomonthsisalongholiday.两个月是一个长假.Twentypoundsisn’tsoheavy.20英镑其实不太重.Tenmilesisn’talongdistance.10英里其实不是一段很长的距离.Fiveminusfourisone.5减4等于1.5.主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数.Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个坐位.Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.每个男人和女人都在工作.6.oneandahalf+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数方式.Oneandahalfhoursisenough.一个半小时足够了.7.动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数方式.Toseeistobelieve.目睹为实.Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分无益.8.a/an+单数名词+ortwo作主语，谓语动词用单数.Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.一两个先生考试不及格.9.当主语部分含有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,besides,except,but,like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数方式；但“名词+aswellas+名词”时，谓语动词普通应与第一个名词分歧.MikewithhisfatherhasbeentoEngland.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰.Mike,likehisbrother,enjoysplayingfootball.迈克像他的哥哥一样爱好踢足球.Thestudentsaswellastheteacherwerepresentatthemeeting.10.由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，普通用复数方式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数.这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+anda/the+单数名词，指两个人或物.Thewriterandteacheriscoming.那位作家兼教师来了.(作家和教师指同一个人)Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.作家和老师来了.(作家和老师是两个人)11.people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数方式，family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个全体时，谓语动词用单数方式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数方式.Peoplehereareveryfriendly.这儿的人很敌对.Hisfamilyisn’tlarge.他家的人不多.MyfamilyalllikewatchingTV.我们一家人都爱好看电视.12.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数.Iseveryoneheretoday.今天大家到齐了吗？Somethingiswrongwithhim.他有毛病.Nobodywasin.没有人在家.13.each,either,neither,another,theother作主语，谓语动词用单数.EachofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.他们每人都有一本英语词典.Neitheransweriscorrect.两个答案都不准确.14.以—s结尾的名词本人不暗示复数意义，谓语通经常使用单数方式，如news,math,physics等，Nonewsisgoodnews.没有动静就是好动静.Mathsisverypopularinourclass在我们班数学很受欢迎.15.由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数方式；由or,either…or…，neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近准绳决定谓语动词方式.EithermywifeorIamgoing.Neitheryou,norI,noranyoneelseknowstheanswer.Notonlyyoubutalsoheisreadytoleave.如果either,each,neither作主语，则动词为单数方式.Eachofushashislikesanddislikes.Neitherofthebooksisveryinteresting.16.如果主语是由“aseriesof,akindof,aportionof+等+名词”构成时，动词普通用单数方式.Aseriesofpre-recordedtapshasbeenpreparedforlanguagelaboratoryuse.但avarietyof,anumberof+名词复数，动词要用复数方式;而thenumberof+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数.Onexhibitionthereareagreatvarietyofconsumergoods.Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthundred17.以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语分歧Thereisabookandthreepensonthedesk.Herearesomebooksandpaperforyou.18.the+描述词暗示一类人时，谓语动词用复数方式，暗示抽象概念时，用单数方式.Thepoorareveryhappy,butthericharesad.Thebeautifullivesforever.美是永存的.三、肯定与否定分歧以下描述词、副词、代词从肯定句酿成否定句时须作响应的变更.We'vehadsome(money).→Wehaven'thadany(money).Iwastalkingtosomeone.→Iwasn'ttalkingtoanyone.Theysometimesvisitus.→Theyrarely(never,seldom)visitus.Hehasarrivedalready.→Hehasn'tarrivedyet.Liiscomingtoo.→Liisn'tcomingeither.Bothofusaregoing.→Neitherofusisgoing.Helikesbothofthem.→Hedoesn'tlikeeitherofthem.留意：so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序.MywifelikesclassicmusicverymuchandsodoI.Shedoesn'tlikejazzandneitherdoI.主谓分歧专项练习题1.EitherJaneorSteven_____watchingTVnow.A.wereB.isC.wasD.are2.Twodays_______enoughformetofinishthework,Ineedathirdday.A.isn’tB.isC.aren’tD.are3.—Howmanylessonsdoyouusuallyhaveaday?—Sixlessonsaday.Andeachofthen_____45minutes.A.lastB.lastsC.haveD.are4.NeitherLiPingnorI_______abasketballplayer.A.amB.isC.beD.are5.There______manynewwordsinlessonone,Itisveryeasy.A.isB.aren’tC.isn’tD.are6.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool____1200.A.isB.areC.hasD.have7.Maths_______myfavoritesubject.A.beB.isC.amD.are8.Theboywiththetwodogs_____whentheearthquakerockedthecity.A.weresleepingB.issleepingC.wassleepingD.aresleeping9.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.areB.isC.wereD.was10.Thatplaceisnotinterestingatall,____ofuswantstogothere.A.NeitherD.SomeB.BothC.All11.NobodybutJane_____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknowD.is12.—What’sontheplate?Someeggsandcakesonit?—There_____someeggsandcakesonit.A.isB.areC.wasD.were13.Thispairofglasses______mine.A.areB.beC.isD.willbe14.BothLilyandLucy______tothepartyyesterday.A.invitedB.wasinvitedC.hadinvitedD.wereinvited15.—Twomonths______quitealongtime.—Yes,I’mafraidthathewillmisslotsofhislessons.A.isB.areC.wasD.were16.Inthecitytheold_______.A.takegoodcareofB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakengoodcareofD.arebeentakengoodcareof17.Hisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly,Hisfamily______ahappyone.A.are,isB.is,isC.are,areD.is,are18.Thesingerandthedancer_____cometoBeijing.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is19.Thechildreninthisclasseach_____newschoolbag.A.haveD.arehavingB.hasC.hasgot20.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were21.IfBob'swifewon'tagreetogoonholidayinwinter,_____________.A.neitherhewillB.neitherwon'theC.neitherwillheD.hewon'tneither22.Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.______________.A.sohasheB.NeitherhehasC.HehastooD.Hehasn'teither23.“I'mgoingtovisittheLuGouBridgetomorrow.”“________.”A.IamsoB.SoamIC.SogoID.SoIgo24.Youaswellashe________toblame(求全)fortheaccident(交通事故).A.areB.isC.haveD.has25.NeithermywifenorImyself_______abletoteachmydaughtertosingEnglishsongs.A.hasbeenB.isC.areD.am主谓分歧练习题参考答案(1).B(2).A(3).B(4).A(5).B(6).A(7).B(8).C(9).D(10).A(11).B(12).B(13).C(14)D.(15).A(16).B(17).A(18).B(19).A(20)D(21).C(22).D(23).B(24).A(25).D主谓分歧练习题2Ⅰ.从所给的四个选项当选出最好选项.()1.Collectingstamps_____myhobby.A.isB.areC.hasD.have()2.Theladywithherlittleson_____walkingalongthelakenow.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()3.Bothofthetwingirls_____wearingredclothestoday.A.isB.areC.wantD.wants()4.Eachofthestudents_____aWalkman.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare()5.Allofmymoney_____stolenlastnight.A.isB.wasC.hasD.have()6.Thepolice_____fortherobbersnow.A.issearchingB.aresearchingC.issearchedD.aresearched()7.Halfofthestudents_____fromabroad.A.isB.areC.comesD.hascome()8.Twokilometers_____alongway.You’dbettertakeataxi.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()9.Mostofthecountry_____grassland.A.thereareB.thereisC.areD.is()10.WhatIhavetoldyou_____asecret.Pleasedon’ttellothers.A.areB.isC.keepD.keeps()11.Notonlyyoubutalsohe_____theexam.A.waspassedB.haspassedC.hadpassedD.ispassed()12.Thispairofglasses_____mewell.A.fitB.fitsC.havefittedD.isfitted()13.Physics_____acoursethateverystudentmusttake.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are()14.Who_____thetwowomentalkingoverthere?A.isB.areC.wasD.be()15.Everyboyandeverygirl_____innewclothestoday.A.isB.areC.wearD.dresses()16.Chinese_____bythelargestnumberofpeople.C.speaksD.isspokenA.isspeakingB.speak()17.Alettersentbetweencomputers_____calledane-mail.A.areB.isC.haveD.has()18.Thepopulationofthistown_____300,000.A.areB.isC.haveD.has()19.—What_____thenumberoftheworkersinthefactory?—Twothousand.Andalargenumberofthem_____women.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;isD.are;are()20.—_____thispairofshoesyours?—No.Myshoes_____underthebed.A.Is;isB.Are;areC.Is;areD.Are;is()21.Inthecitytheold_____.A.takegoodcareofB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakengoodcareofD.takesgoodcareof()22.TheGreens_____gettingreadyfortheirjourney.A.isB.prepareC.preparesD.are()23.Themusicianandwriter_____tovisitourschool.A.iscomingB.arecomingC.enjoysD.enjoy()24.Noneofthemoney_____his.A.belongtoB.areC.isD.has()25.—DoyoulikewatchingcookingprogrammesonTV?—No,Idon’t,butmytwinbrother_____.He’sveryfondofcooking.A.doesB.doC.isD.are()26.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_____therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.areB.isC.wereD.was()27.We’vegottwoTVsets,but_____workswell.A.anyB.bothC.eitherD.neither()28.Theheadmasteraswellasalltheteachers_____.A.arehavingameetingB.havegonetothemuseumC.isplantingtreesonthehillD.feelveryexcitedabouttheprize()29.Twofifthsofthem_____YoungPioneers.A.isB.areC.jointoD.joins()30.Themusictheyplayed_____verywonderful.A.isB.soundC.areD.listens()31._____you_____heisabletoski,butIam.A.Both;andB.Notonly;butalsoC.Either;orD.Neither;nor()32.Hisfamily_____allverykindandfriendly.Hisfamily_____ahappyone.A.are;isB.is;isC.are;areD.is;are()33.—Doyouneedmoretimetofinishthework?—Yes,anothertendays_____enough.A.areB.isC.wereD.was()34.Howtimeflies!Tenyears_____passed.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are()35.Thispairofjeans_____Tina’s.A.areB.isC.beD.am()36.—Howmanyclassesdoyouusuallyhaveaday?—Sixclassesaday.Andeachofthem_____45minutes.A.lastB.lastsC.haveD.are()37.NeitherLiMingnorI_____abasketballplayer.A.amB.isC.belongtoD.belongsto()38.There_____manynewwordsinlessonone.Itisveryeasy.A.isB.aren’tC.isn’tD.are()39.NobodybutJane_____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.don’tknowD.haveknown()40.—What’sontheplate?—There_____someeggsandcakesonit.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()41.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were()42.Neithertheteachernorthestudents_____intheclassroomatthatmoment.A.wereB.wasC.weren’tD.wasn’t()43.There_____enoughfoodinthefridge.Youhavetobuysomeonyourwayhome.A.isn’tB.isC.areD.aren’t()44.Sheistheonlyoneofthe_____writerswho_____storiesforchildren.A.woman;writesB.woman;writeC.women;writesD.women;write()45.Iwonderifsomeone_____goingtotakemeho