2022-2023学年广东省茂名市高三第一次综合测试英语试题WORD版

12/1313/13/绝密★启用前试卷类型：A2023年茂名市高三级第一次综合测试英语试卷试卷共8页,卷面满分120分,折算成130分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后,请将答题卡上交。第一部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AHerearesomeoftheprettiestsmalltownsacrossEurope,fromhumblefishingtownstohilltopmedievalpowerbases.Giethoorn,NetherlandsTheycallittheDutchanswertoVenice,butGiethoornlacksonecrucialthingthattheItaliancityhasinspades:overtourism.AsinVenice,liferevolvesaroundthewater,here-therearenocarsinthecentersotheonlywaytogetaroundisonfootoronthewater.Roscoff,FrancePorttownscanberatherdirty.NotlovelylittleRoscoff,though,inFrance’sBrittanyregion,whichbuiltitsfortuneonmaritimetrade.Today,it’sacenterofthalassotherapy,usingseawatertotreatmedicalconditions,aswellasabeautifulBretontown.Tinyfishingboatsrestinthesmallharbor-withalargerone,whereferriesleaveforPlymouthintheUK,furtherout.Dinkelsbühl,GermanyAcutehistoriccenter,woodenhousesandlargetowers-Dinkelsbühlhasitall.WrappedbymedievalwallswithavastGothicchurch,StGeorge’sMinster,itwasthesettingforWernerHerzog’sfilm“TheEnigmaofKasparHauser.”Clovelly,UKDonkeysusedtobetheonlywaytogetupanddownthesteepstreetsofClovelly,aprettyfishingvillageinDevon,southwestEngland.Today,theystillhaven’tmanagedtobringcarsin-itsitsatthebottomofa400-footcliff（悬崖）.Instead,goodsaretransportedby,man-poweredsledges（雪橇）－-andiftouristscan’tfacethewalkbackuptothecarpark,theycangrabarideinaLandRoverinstead.1.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoreceiveahealthtreatment?A.Giethoorn. B.Roscoff. C.Dinkelsbühl. D.Clovelly.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatClovelly?ATakeaboattour. B.Driveacar. C.Getaroundonfoot. D.Takeaman-poweredsledge.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toamusereaders. B.Totellthehistory.C.Toeducatetourists. D.Tointroducesights.BImaginethemostEnglish-Englishpersonyoucanthinkof.NowI'mfairlycertainthatnomatterwhatpictureyoujustthoughtup,thatpersoncomescompletewithastiffupperlipandacupofteaintheirhand,becausethat'swhattheEnglishdo.Theycarryonandtheydrinktea.TeaissoutterlyEnglish,sucharootedpartoftheculture,thatit'salsorootedinhoweveryoneelsearoundtheworldperceivesthatculture.Andwhileit'sfairlycommonknowledgethatWesternershaveChinatothankfortheoriginalcultivationofteadrinking,it'sfarlessknownthatitwasthePortuguesewhoinspireditspopularityinEnglandinparticular,onePortuguesewoman.Travelbackintimeto1662,whenCatherineofBraganza（daughterofPortugal'sKingJohnIV）wonthehandofEngland'snewlyrestoredmonarch,KingCharlesII,withthehelpofaverylargedowry（嫁妆）thatincludedmoney,spices,treasuresandthehighlyprofitableportsofTangiersandBombay.Thismadeheroneveryimportantlady:theQueenofEngland,ScotlandandIreland.WhensherelocatedupnorthtojoinKingCharles,sheissaidtohavepackedloose-leafteaaspartofherpersonalbelongings;itwouldalsohavelikelybeenpartofherdowry.Afunlegendhasitthattheboxesweremarked1ransportedeErvasAromaticas（TransportofAromaticHerbs）latershortenedtoT.E.A.Thatlastbitprobablyisn'ttrue（expertsbelievetheword“tea"camefromaChinesecharacter）,butwhatisforsureisthatteawasalreadypopularamongtheupperclassofPortugalduetothecountry'sdirecttradelinetoChinaviaMacau.4WhatdopeoplethinkofteadrinkinginBritain?A.Typical. B.Fashionable. C.Incredible. D.Unusual.5.WhopromotedthefashionofteadrinkinginEngland?A.CommonWesterners.B.TheChinesepeople.C.Portugal'sKingJohnIV.D.TheQueenofKingCharlesII.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?TeawaspartofthedowryofCatherineofBraganza.BTheword'tea'camefromPortuguesemarksontheboxes.C.TeabecamepopularinPortugalearlierthanitdidinEngland.D.ThedirecttradelinebetweenChinaandEnglanddevelopedbecauseoftea.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThestorybehindBritishteadrinking.B.ThelegendofteadrinkinginPortugal.C.TheoriginofWesterners'teadrinking.D.ThehistoryofteatradebetweenChinaandBritain.CWillskippingbreakfastmakemefat?Thegoodnewsforthosewhodon'thavebreakfastisthatputtingonweightisn'tinevitable--aslongasyoucontrolthosehigh-caloriedesiresandstayactive.Researchshowsthatalthoughavoidingbreakfastwillmakeyouhungrierandyoumightmakeupforthatwithabiggerlunch,thiswon'tnecessarilymakeyou“fatter”--onaverage,thosewhoskipbreakfastdon'teatmoreacrossthewholedaythaniftheydidn'tskipit.Someresearchershavefoundthatyoumayeveneatfewercaloriesoverall,andendupusingyourbody'sfatreservesforenergy,whichcanactuallyhelpyouloseweight.However,weightisn'ttheonlyconsideration:studiesshowthatbreakfast-skippersarelikelytoexerciseless.Thismaybebecausetheyhavelowerenergylevels-aftereighthoursorsowithoutfood,thebodywillhaveusedupmostofitsstoresofeasy-to-accessenergyduringsleep.Morningfastersarealsomorelikelytohaveunhealthy,butappetite-suppressinghabits,suchassmokingordrinkingalotofcoffee.Ifyouwanttoensurethatyoueataregular,nutritiousbreakfast,trypreparingitthenightbeforedon'tleaveituntilthemorning,whenyourbrainstrugglestomakegooddecisions.Ifyoudoskipbreakfast...■Don'tmakeupforitwithahugelunch,otherwiseyou'llsufferovereating.■Makesureyoueatsomethingbeforeyouexercise,oryourisk“hittingthewall”.■Don'tmakeupforlackofenergywithcoffee-itcanmakeyouloseyourappetiteandmakeyouanxiousandnervous.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inevitable”meaninParagraph2?A.Unbelievable. B.Unavoidable. C.Uncomfortable. D.Unbearable.9.Whydosomebreakfast-skippersloseweight?A.Theydomoreexercise. B.Theystayactiveallday.C.Theyreservetheirbodyfat. D.Theytakeinfewercalories.10.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Aimsofthestudies. B.Waysoflosingweight.C.Effectsofskippingbreakfast. D.Suggestionsforbreakfast-skippers.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsskippingbreakfast?A.Objective. B.Positive. C.Negative. D.Doubtful.DThewires,screensandbatteriesthatmakeupourdevices-nottomentiontheplastic,metalandothermaterialsthatpackagethem-arefillinguplandfills.Somee-wasteisrelativelylarge:oldphonesandairconditioners,forinstance.Othere-wasteismorehidden,suchaselectronicsingle-usemedicaldiagnostickits,environmentalsensors,andsmartlabelsthatcontainone-offbatteriesandotherequipment.“It'sthesesmallbatteriesthatarebigproblems,”sayspublichealthscientistDeleOgunseitan,whowasnotinvolvedindevelopingthebattery."Nobodyreallypaysattentiontowheretheyendup.ResearchersattheCellulose&WoodMaterialsLaboratoryattheSwissFederalLaboratoriesforMaterialsScienceandTechnology（Empa）areworkingtoaddressthisproblem.TheirnewpaperinScientificReportsdescribesapaperbatterydevelopedfromenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallypresentasustainablealternativetothemoreharmfulbatteriescommoninlow-powerdevices.Thepaperbatteryhasthesamekeycomponentsasstandardbatteriesbutpackagesthemdifferently.Likeatypicalchemicalbattery,-ithas-apositivelychargedsidecalleda.cathode（正极）,anegativelychargedsidecalledananode（负极）,andaconductivematerialcalledanelectrolyte（电解质）betweenthetwo.Atraditionalbattery'scomponentsarepackagedinplasticand.metal;inthenewbattery,theanodeandcathodeareinksprintedontothefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.Thatpaperisfilledwithsalt,whichdissolves（溶解）whenthepaperisdampenedwithwater.Theresultingsaltwatersolutionactsastheelectrolyte.Whenthepaperisdry,thebatteryisshelf-stable.Addjustacoupleofdropsofwater,however,andthesaltdissolves,allowingelectronstoflow.Oncethepaperisdampened,thebatterybecomesactivewithin20seconds.Thenewbattery'soperatingperformancedeclinesasthepaperdries.Whenthescientistsrewetthepaperduringtesting,thebatteryregainedfunctionalityandlastedanhourbeforebeginningtodryoutagain.12.WhatcanweinferaboutsmalldisposalbatteriesaccordingtoDeleOgunseitan?Theyarenobigproblems.B.Theyneedtobeaddressed.C.Theyshouldbemadelarger.D.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.13.What'sspecialaboutthenewbattery?A.Ithasacathodeandananode.B.Ithasdifferentkeycomponents.C.Itscathodeandanodeareprintedonpaper.D.Itscomponentsarepackagedinplasticandmetal.14.Whatisusedtomakethenewbatterystarttooperate?A.Salt.B.Metal.C.Ink.D.Water.15.Inwhichsectioncanwefindthetext?A.Advances.B.Reviews.C.Culture.D.Opinion.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FoursurprisingwaystoboostyourhearthealthAsmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown._16“Asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun,"sayspreventivecardiologistDr.BethAbramson,aspokespersonfortheHeartandStroke（中风）FoundationofCanada.Geteighthoursofsleep.Ifwedon'thaveenoughsleep,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.1718Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-respectandrelievesstress.ResearchissuedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.Dependingonthetypeofworkyoudo,volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.Avoidpollutedair.Exposuretothiskindofpollutionovertimeraisesyourriskofheartdisease.19Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.Laugh.A2016studyintheJournalofEpidemiologyofmorethan20,000peopleovertheageof65foundalowerriskofcardiovascular（心血管的）diseaseinthosewhoreportedlaughingeveryday.20Itmayalsoserveasamini-workout,helpingyourcirculationandprotectingthehealthofyourarteries（动脉）.A.Bekindtoothers.B.Engageinvolunteerwork.C.Youshouldlaugheveryday.D.Laughterreducesstressanddepression.E.Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.F.Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactonhearthealth.G.Evenshortperiodsofitareunhealthyforpeoplewithothercardiovascularrisks第二部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,avendor（小贩）cametoourdoorstep,sellingbundlesofvegetablespricedatonedollarperbundle.Mymom's21was50,cents,nomovethanthat,butshe22tobuyfourbundlesatthatprice.Politelydeclaringthatshewouldn'teven23thecostatthatprice,thevendorwalkedaway.Aftertakingfourstepsahead,however,she.24andshouted,“Makeit75centerbundle,andIwillsellittoyou."Momshookherheadand25toheroriginalofferof50cents._26forawhile,thevendorcamebacktoourdoorstep.Thedealwas27atmymom'sbid.Mymompaidthemoney.Thevendortookitwithoutevencounting.Asshe28,sheswayed（摇晃）duetoapparentdizziness.Mymomheldherhandsandaskedwhethershehadhaqany29inthemorning.Thevendorsaid,“No,Iwillneedtobuysomewithtoday’searnings.”Mymomaskedhertositdown,30_mnsidecamebackswiftlywithsomefoodanddrinkandofferedthemtothevendor.Thevendorhungrilyand31,finishedthemall.Thankingmymomforallthefood,shewentonherway.Iwas32_.Iaskedmymomwhyshewassomeaninbargainingfor50centsbutwas!33_inofferingfoodofamuchhigherpricetothatvendor.Momsmiledandsaid,“Thereisnokindnessinbusiness,butmytreatingthevendorkindlyisfrommymorality,whichisdifferentfrom34Remember,thereshall35,beanybusinessinkindness.21. A.offer B.money C.change D.discount22. A.refused B.failed C.promised D.decided.23. A.cut B.cover C.share D.shift24. A.walkedon B.passedby C.wentaway D.turnedback25. A.stuck B.objected C.referred D.responded26. A.Counting B.Preparing C.Wandering D.Hesitating27. A.canceled B.settled C.interrupted D.suggested28. A.rose B.ate C.entered D.refused29. A.rest B.food C.money D.medicine30. A.looked B.hurried C.pointed D.moved31. A.carefully B.patiently C.embarrassedly D.gratefully32. A.moved B.shocked C.puzzled D.troubled33. A.polite B.honest C.friendly D.generous34. A.interest B.kindness C.business D.friendship35. A.never B.always C.usually D.sometimes第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesestructuralbiologistYanNingannouncedonNovember1st,2022thatshewouldresign36PrincetonUniversityintheUSandjoinintheestablishmentofShenzhenMedicalAcademyofResearchandTranslation（SMART）inthenearfuture.“Inthenearfuture,IwillreturntoChinafull-time37_(assist）inestablishinganewresearchanddevelopmentinstitutioninShenzhencalledSMART,38(integrate）severalfunctionsincludingscientificresearch,transformation,educationandfinancialsupport,YansaidattheShenzhenGlobalInnovationTalentForum.WhileteachingatTsinghuaUniversityin2014,YanNing39（lead）ateamtoanalyzethethree-dimensionalcrystalstructureofthehumanglucosetransporterGLUT1initially.AftertheachievementwaspublishedinNature,it_41,(immediate）receivedwidespreadattentionandpraisefromtheinternationalacademiccommunity.YanearnedherPh.D.atPrincetoninreturnedin2017asthe43(one）ShirleyM.TilghmanProfessorofMolecularBiology.Yansaidshewantedtosupportmoreoutstanding.44（scholar）andtacklethevarioushealththreatsfacingmankind.Shenzhenoffered45rightopportunity,andthecitycanbuilditsplaceintheglobalbiomedicinefield,Yansaid.第一部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假如你是李华,你的英国好友Mary给你发来邮件,说居家上网课时注意力难以集中,她担心成绩落后,因此向你求助。请你回复她,内容包括：1.安慰；2.建议；3.祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMary,Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Helenwasayounggirl.Herparentstaughthertobekind,andshealwayswas.Andshelivedahappylife.Unluckily,oneday,hermotherhadanaccident.Herrightlegwashurtbadlyandneededanexpensiveoperation.Herfamilycouldn'taffordtopayforit.Althoughtheirfriendsandrelativesalltriedtheirbesttoofferhelpbutitwasfarfromenough.Andtheywereunsurewhattodonext.Oneday,walkingdownthestreettoabookstorenearby,Helennoticedanoldmantryinghardtoclimbthestepstoanearbypark.TheoldmanwithAlzheimer’sdisease（阿尔茨海默氏症）lefthomedaysagoandendedupwanderingaroundthestreetswhilehisson,Dr.Smith,adoctoroftheCityHospital,hadbeentryingtofindhimbutinvain.“Hecan'tclimbthesteps.Helookssoweak.”Helensaidto-herself.Withouthesitation,sheranovertohim.“Sir,letmehelpyou!”Themanmadenoresponse,thenHelenrepeatedit.Slowlyraisinghishead,themanlookedather,surprised.Helengavehimasmileandthenhelpedhimclimbthesteps.“Yourhandsareshaking!”Helensaidanxiously.“Areyouokay?”“I'msohungry,”hemurmured.“Iwanttowalk…totheparkfor…arest.”Afterhelpinghimsitonaparkbench,Helenrushedhomeandreturnedwithsomefood,onlytofindthemanwaslyingontheground,unconscious.“Sir,pleasewakeup!”shecriedinanxiety.“'WhatshouldIdo?”shewondered.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Lookingaround,shenoticedawomanstandingmetersawaytalkingonthephone.“He'smydad!Wheredidyoufindhim?”Dr.Smithcried.2023年茂名市高三级第一次综合测试英语参考答案第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）1-3