2023年大学英语六级考试真题及答案详解第一套

20２3年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析（第１套)Ｄirecｔionｓ:Ｆoｒtｈispaｒｔ，youareａlｌowｅd３0minutesｔowriteasｈoｒtessayｏnｔheuseofrｏbots.Ｔrytoimaｇｉnｅｗｈaｔｗｉllｈaｐpenwｈeｎmorｅandｍorerｏboｔｓtaketｈeplaｃｅofhｕｍａｎbeiｎgsinｉｎdustｒyａｓweｌlaｓpeｏple'sdａilｙliｖes．Youaｒereｑｕiredｔowritｅａtleast150woｒdsbutnomorethan20０ｗorｄs.SeｃｔionADirectｉｏｎs:Inthissｅction,yoｕwillｈｅaｒｔwoｌongcｏnvｅｒsａtiｏns．Atthｅenｄｏfｅachｃonversaｔioｎ,youwilｌheａrfourｑuｅstions．Ｂoｔhthｅconvｅrsationanｄｔｈequｅstionｓｗillbesｐｏkenonｌyｏｎｃe.Afｔｅrｙouｈeaｒaｑuestion,youmustcｈoosｅtheｂesｔanswｅr．frｏｍthefourchoiceｓmarkedA)，B)，Ｃ)andD）.TheｎmarktheｃoｒｒesｐoｎdｉｎｇleｔterｏｎＡnswｅrSheet１wｉthasinｇleliｎeｔhｒoughthｅcｅntre.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Queｓtions1to4aｒebａｓedｏntheｃonversatioｎｙｏｕhavejuｓtｈeaｒd.1.A）Projectoｒｇaｎizer.B)Puｂｌicｒelatｉonｓoffiｃer.C）Markｅtinｇmanager．D)Marketｒesearchconｓulｔａｎｔ.２.A)Quａnｔitativｅadveｒｔisingｒesｅarch.B)Qｕeｓｔioｎｎaiｒeｄeｓign.C)Researchmethoｄology.D)Inｔerviｅｗerｔraｉniｎｇ．3．A)Theyａｒeｉntensｉvｅstudｉeｓｏfpeｏple'ｓspendinghabits.B)Tｈeyexａｍinerelationsbetｗeｅnｐｒoducersａnｄcustomers．C)Theyｌoｏkfornewanｄeffecｔiｖeｗmotｅproducts.D)Tｈｅystudytｒeｎdｓorcustomｅｒsatiｓfactioｎｏveｒalongperiｏd.4.A)Theｌackofproｍoｔioｎopｐortunｉty．B)Checkingchaｒtsａndtabｌｅｓ．C)Designingquesｔionnaｉres．Ｄ)Tｈepｅrsiｓtentintｅnｓiｔy.Questｉoｎs5to８aｒebasedonｔｈeconversａtiｏnyouhａvejusthearｄ.5.A)HisviｅwonＣａｎａdｉaｎuniversitｉes.Ｂ)Hisuｎｄerstａndiｎgoｆhiｇcatｉon.Ｃ)Hisｓugｇesｔionsｆｏｒimprｏvementsinhigherｅducatｉon.D)HiscｏmpｌaintａboutbureaucrａｃyｉnAｍｅricanｕniveｒsities.6.Ａ)Ｉtｉswellｄｅｓiｇneｄ.Ｂ）Itisｒatｈｅｒｉnflexible.Ｃ）Itvaｒieｓａmongｕnｉｖeｒsiｔｉeｓ.D）Ｉtｈａsｕndergonegｒeａtｃhanges.７.A)TheＵnitedStａｔesaｎdCanadａcanleaｒｎfｒoｍｅachother.B)Publｉcｕnｉversiｔieｓareofｔensupｅriortｏｐｒiｖateuｎivｅrｓiｔieｓ．Ｃ)Ｅveryｏnｅｓｈoulｄｂｅgｉvenequalaccｅsstoｈighｅｒeducａtiｏn.D)Pｒivatesｃhｏolｓwoｒkｍoreｅffiｃientｌｙthanｐuｂlｉcinｓtｉｔutions.8.A）Ｕniｖｅrsｉtysｙstｅmsvａryfromcountｒytoｃｏuntｒy.Ｂ)Efficienｃyiｓessentialtouｎiversitｙmａnaｇemｅnt.C)Itiｓｈardtoｓaｙｗhichisbetter,apublicuniversityoraprｉvaｔeone.Ｄ）MaｎｙprｉvateuniveｒsitｙintheU.S.aｒeａctｕａllyｌargebureaucracies.Direcｔiｏns:Iｎthｉｓsecｔｉｏn,youｗillｈearｔwopassａges.Attheｅndofeａcｈｐassage，youwｉllheａrthreｅｏrfoｕrｑuｅｓtｉoｎs.Boththeｐassageandtｈequesｔionswiｌlｂｅspoｋenoｎlyoｎce.Aｆｔeｒｙouｈｅaraquｅｓtiｏn,yoｕmustchoｏsetheｂeｓｔanswｅrfroｍtｈefourchoｉcesmａrkedA）,B)，C)aｎdD).ThｅnｍarｋthｅｃorｒｅspｏnｄｉｎｇlｅｔｔerｏnAnｓwerＳheet１ｗiｔhasｉｎgleliｎethrouｇhtheｃentre.PassａgeOneQuｅstionｓ9tｏ11ａreｂasｅdoｎthepassａｇeyｏuhavejustｈeard.９．Ａ）Ｇｏverｎmｅｎt＇ｓrｏleinresolvingａｎecｏnｏmiccｒisiｓ．B)Tｈewｏrseｎｉｎgrｅａｌwaｇeｓituatｉoｎaroundｔheworld.C)InｄｉcationsofｅcｏnomiｃrecoveｒｙintheUｎｉtedＳtaｔes.D）Thｅｉmｐａctoｆthecuｒreｎteconoｍiccｒiｓiｓｏnpeopledlife.10.A)Tｈｅｙwillｆｅeｌleｓｓｐrｅssuretoraｉseｅmployees＇wagｅs.B)Tｈeywｉllfeelfrｅetocｈoｏseｔhｅｍoｓｔsuｉtａｂleemployees.C)Theyｗｉllfeeｌｉnｃｌinedtｏexpａｎdtheirbusｉnｅsｓoperａtiｏns.D)Tｈeywillfeeｌmorｅconfidentinｃompｅtingwitｈtｈｅirriｖals.１1.A)Eｍｐlｏｙeesａnｄcｏmpanieｓｃoopｅratetoｐuｌlthrougｈｔｈｅｅconomiccrisiｓ．B)Goverｎｍenｔandcoｍpaniesｊoinhandｓtoｃreateｊobsｆorｔhｅuｎeｍployeｄ．C)Empｌoyeesｗorkｓhorterｈｏurstoavoidlaｙｏffｓ.D)Ｔeamworkwilｌbｅencouraｇｅdｉncoｍpanieｓ.PａssaｇeＴwoQuesｔions１２to15arｅbａseｄontｈepasｓagｅyouｈavｅjusｔheａrd.１2.Ａ)Whetheｒmeｍoｒyｓupplｅｍｅntsworｋ．B)Wｈｅtｈｅrherｂalｍedｉcineｗｏrｋsｗoｎdｅrｓ.C)Ｗｈetｈerｅxercｉseenhanｃeｓｏｎe'sｍemory.D)Ｗheｔheramagiｃmｅmisessuccess.13.A）Theyheｌptheelderlymｏreｔhantheｙounｇ．B)Tｈeyarebｅｎeｆicialinoｎewayoｒａnotheｒ.C)Theyｇenｅrａｌlydonｏthavesiｄeｅffectｓ.D)Thｅyarenoｔbasedonｒeaｌｓciencｅ.1４.A）Ｔheyａreavaiｌabｌｅatmostcountryfａirs.B)Tｈeｙａrｅtakｅninｒeｌaｔivｅlｙhiｇhdoｓaｇｅ.C)Theyaｒeｃolｌectedorgｒownｂyfarｍers.D)Theｙareprｅscribedbytrainedpｒａctitioｎeｒs．15.A)Theyhaveoｆtｅnproｖedtobeashelpfulａsdoｉngmenｔaｌｅxerciｓｅ．B）Taｋingtｈｅmwiｔhoｔheｒmedｉcationｓmｉｇｈtentailunnｅcessarｙrisｋs．C)Ｔheirefｆｅｃtlastsonｌyashｏrttｉme.Ｄ)Manyｈaｖebｅnefitｅdfroｍthem．ＳecｔionCDirecｔｉonｓ:Inthissectiｏn,ｙouwｉlｌhearthrｅｅrｅｃorｄingsofｌｅctureｓortalksfolｌｏｗedｂytｈreeorｆouｒqｕestioｎs.Therecｏｒdinｇswilｌbeｐlaｙedｏnｌｙoｎｃe．Afｔeryｏuｈｅaraqｕｅstｉon,youmｕstchoｏsethｅbeｓtanswerfromｔhｅfourcｈoiceｓｍａrｋedＡ)，B）,C)andD).TｈenmａｒkｔｈeｃorrｅspoｎdｉngleｔteronAnｓwerShｅet１ｗｉthａｓｉｎglｅｌiｎethrｏuｇhthｅceｎtre.ReｃｏrdinｇOnｅＱuestiｏｎｓ１6to18arebａsedｏｎtherecｏrｄingｙouhaｖｅjusｔｈeａｒｄ.16．Ａ)Howｃaｔａstrophicnａｔurａldisasｔersturnｏuttoｂeｔodｅveloｐｉngnaｔiｏns.B)HｏwtheWoｒｌｄMｅteoｒolｏｇｉｃalOｒganizatiｏnstｕdiesｎaturaｌdｉsasteｒs．C)Hｏwpowerlesshumａnｓappｅａrtobeinfaｃeofnaturaldisａsters．Ｄ）Hｏwthenegativeimｐactsofnａｔuraldｉsastｅrscanbeｒｅduced．17．A）Bytrainiｎgrescuetｅamsｆoremｅrｇｅｎcies.B)Bｙtakｉngｓｔｅpｓtopreｐarepｅopｌefortheｍ.C）Bｙchangiｎgpeｏplｅ'ｓｖiewsofｎatｕre．Ｄ)Ｂｙｒelocatｉngpeoｐlｅtoｓaｆerplaceｓ.１8.A)Hｏwｐrevenｔiveａctioncanｒeｄuｃethelｏssoｆlife.B)HｏwｃourageousCubansareiｎfaceｏfdｉｓａsterｓ．C)HｏｗCｕbanssufferfｒomtｒopicalｓtormｓ.D)Ｈowdestrｕcｔiｖeｔroｐicalstoｒｍscanｂe．RecordingTwoＱuestions19tｏ22aｒebasedoｎtｈｅrｅcｏrdiｎgyoｕhavｅjustheａrd.19．Ａ)ＰａybａcktheｉrｌｏanstｏtheAｍｅｒｉcａngoｖｅrnmｅnt.B)Proviｄeｌoanｓtotｈｏｓeｉnseverefｉnanciａldｉffｉcuｌｔy.C)Coｎｔributemorｅｔｏthegoalofawideｒrecovｅry.D)Speedｕptheirrecoｖeryｆrｏmtheｈｏｕｓiｎgbubbｌe.20.A)Someｂａｎksmayhaｖｅｔｏｍergewithｏthers．Ｂ）Manｙsmallerregionalbanksaregoiｎｇｔofail．C）Iｔwillbehaｒdfoｒbankstoproｖiｄemoreｌoans．D)Ｍanｙｂａｎksｗilｌｈavetoｌaｙofｆsomｅemploｙｅes.21.A)Itwillwｏrｋcloselｙｗithtｈegoveｒnｍｅnt．B)Itwilｌenｄｅavortoｗriteｏｆfbaｄ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E］Coｎtrａｒｙｔosomeｓterｅotypes,mｏstaｄolｅｓcenｔsbeｌiｅｖethｅymustbetoleranｔｏｆｄifferenｃesamongiｎｄividualｓ(thougｈtｈeyｄonotａlｗaysfindthｉｓeaｓyinｔｈeｃｌiｑuiｓh(拉帮结派的)ｅnviroｎmentoｆhiｇhschoｏl).Manyｏfthemvoｌunｔeerfoｒｃommunitｙｓｅrｖiｃeｗｉtｈdisadｖantagｅdpeople.Onｅｐrｅvaｌｅntqualitywehavefｏundinｔeenｓ，ｓtａｔementsａｂｏutthemselves，thｅirfｒiendsａndtheiｒfamiliｅｓisａstrikｉnｇlyｐositiveemotionａltone.Byanｄlａｒge，theｓeareｖerｙnicekｉds,andastｈebａnｄTheWhouｓedtoｓing,"Ｔheｋidsareaｌｒigｈｔ．＂［F］Ｈowmuｃhistodａｙ'ｓsｐiｒiｔoｆharmonyaｃhangefｒomourmorｅtｕｒbulｅntpａｓt？Amｅreｇeｎeraｔｉｏnago,pareｎt－chiｌｄｒelａtionsweｒedｅscribedａｓ"theｇenerａtionｇaｐ"．Yｅteventhenrepoｒtｓｏfｗidesｐreadyouｔｈrｅbellｉonｗｅreoverdone:Ｍｏstｋidｓｉnｔhe＇60ｓand70sshareｄｔheiｒparenｔs,baｓiｃvalues.Stilｌ,ｉtistruethatAmericaｎfamｉlｉｅsarｅgｒowiｎgcloseratｔhedaｗnofthｉsｎeｗmiｌlennium(千年).Perhａpsthereislｅｓstｏｆｉghtabout，withｔｈｅcouｎtryinapｅrｉodoftｒaｎquilｉtyandｔhｅdａｎgeｒｓofdruｇabuseanｄotherunｗｈolesoｍｅbehaviorweｌlｋnowｎ．Ｐｅｒｈapsinｔｈeｆaceofimｐersｏnaｌiｍiｄatｉngglobalizatｉoｎ,ayoungｐerson'ｓfamiｌｙfｅelsmoreｌikｅａfrｉｅndlyhaventhanａnｏｐｐrｅssivｅtrap.Anｄpeｒｈaｐsparentsareactingmorelikｅparentsｔｈaniｎtherｅcentｐaｓt．Wiｔhｉnｊｕsttheｐａstｆｉｖｅｙears,Iｈａvenｏｔiceｄparentｓreturｎinｇtｏａbeｌiefthatteeｎagｅｒsｎeedtｈeｇuidanceｏfeldersｒatheｒthanthelibeｒal,＂aｎythinｇgoeｓ"modeofchｉld-rearingthaｔbｅcamｅpopulａriｎthesｅconｄhaｌfofthe２0thcｅnｔury.[Ｇ]Buｔmissinｇfroｍalｌtｈesｅｄataistｈesensethatｔoday'syouｎgcareverｙｍucｈaｂoutthｅiｒcｏuntry,aｂｏuｔtｈebroadｅrciｖｉcandpoｌiticaｌenvｉronment,oraboｕｔthefｕtureofｔheirsoｃｉety．Tｈeyseemtobeturnｉnｇｉnward—ｇeｎerallｙｉｎaprｏ-sｏｃｉaｌmaｎner,certａiｎlｙwithpoｓitivebenefｉtsforinｔimateｒｅlatiｏnshiｐs,ｂuttooofteｎaｔthｅexpenseｏｆaconｎeｃtｉoｎwiｔhthepｒｅｓｅntandfuｔｕreworｌｄbeｙｏnd,ｉｎcludinｇtｈｅsｏcietyｔheyｗｉｌlonｅｄａyinheriｔ.［H］Recenｔly,weexamiｎedmorethan400essａysonthe"ｌawsoflife＂ｔｈａttｅensfrｏｍtwocｏmmuｎｉtieｓhａdｗriｔtenaspartｏfaneducａtioｎａlpｒogrａｍinitiateｄbytheJｏhnＴempletoｎFoundationinRａdnor,Pa.Inthoseｅsｓayｓ,andiｎfｏllow-ｕｐinterviewsｗitｈafewofthｅteｅｎagers，ｗefoundｌotsofinsｉght，posｉtivｅfeｅlingaｎdinspｉｒａtionalｔhｉnkinｇ．Butweaｌsｏfｏuｎｄｌｉttleinterestiｎciviｃlifebeyｏnｄtｈetｉghtcｉrclｅsofthｅirfaｍｉlyanｄｉmｍediaｔeｆriends．[Ｉ］Ｆｏｒexample,onlyoneboｙｓaidhewoｕｌdｌiｋetobepresｉｄｅnｔwｈenhegｒoｗsｕp.WｈｅnIwａsinhigｈsｃhｏol，doｚensｉnmycｌassalｏnewouldhaveanswereｄdiffeｒentｌy.Infａｃt，otｈｅｒrｅcentｓｔudｉeｓhaｖefoundｔｈｅreｈaｓneverbeｅnaｔiｍeinAmeｒiｃanhistｏrywhｅnsosmａｌlapropｏrｔionｏｆyouｎｇｐｅｏｐlｅhavｅsｏｕｇhtoｒacceptedleadershiprolｅsｉｎlｏcalｃｉvｉｃorｇaniｚatｉons．Itisalsｏtroublingthatｖｏtingｒａteｓａmonｇourｙｏuｎgeｓｔeliｇｉbleｖｏteｒｓ—１8－ｔo24-year-oldｓ—arewaydowｎ:Ｌitｔlemoｒethａnoneｉnｆｏuｒnowgotothｅpollｓ,ｅvｅｎiｎnationalelectiｏｎs,coｍpａreｄwitｈaｌmｏsｔｔwiceｔｈatｍaｎyｗhen18-yeａr－ｏldｓweｒefｉrsｔｇｉvｅｎthevｏtｅ.[Ｊ]Iｎourinｔerviews,manystudentsviewｅdpｏliｔicswithsｕspicionａnｄdｉstaｓｔｅ."Ｍostpoｌitiｃiaｎsaｒｅkinｄｏfcroｏkｅｄ(不诚实的）"oｎestｕdｅｎtdeｃｌared.Aｎoｔｈer,diｓcusｓｉngnatioｎａlpoｌiticｓ,ｓaiｄ,“Ｉfeｅlｌikeonｅpｅｒsｏｎcａn＇tｄothatmｕch,andIgetｔheimpreｓsiｏnmｏstpeoplｅdon'tthｉｎkagroupofｐｅｏｐlｅcandothatmｕｃh.＂Askedwhａtｔheｙwouldliketｏchａｎgeｉnｔhewｏrｌd，thesｔｕdｅｎtsｍeｎtiｏnedｏnｌypersｏnalcｏｎcｅrｎssuｃｈasslｏwiｎgdownthｅpacｅofliｆe，gainiｎggoｏdｆrieｎｄs,becｏminｇｍoreｓpiｒiｔuａl,bｅcｏmiｎgeｉtherｍorｅmａteriａｌlysuccｅｓsｆｕｌorleｓsmaｔeriａllyorienteｄ（depｅndingoｎtheｓtudｅnｔ'ｓvalueｓ),aｎdbｅiｎgmｏｒeｒespectfｕloftheＥarth,anｉｍalsandｏthｅrpeopｌe.Onｅboｙsaid,"I'drathｅrｂeconcentｒａｔiｎgｏnartisｔiｃｅffoｒtsｔhanｓavingｔhewｏrlｄorsomethinｇ."[K]Itiｓfineaｎdhｅalthyfortｅenｓtoculｔivatｅtheｉrperｓｏnalinｔeresｔｓ,anditiｓｇoodnewswhenｙounｇpｅopｌeeｎjoyharmoniousｒelationswiththeirfaｍilyａｎdfriends.Buttherｅisalsoaplaceｉnayouｎｇlifｅfoｒｎobｌepurposestｈａtｉｎclｕdeadeｄicａtioｎｔｏtｈｅbｒoaｄeｒsociety,ａlｏveofcoｕｎｔryａｎdanaspiｒatｉoｎtoｍaｋｅｔheirownｌeadeｒshipｃoｎtｒibuｔions．［Ｌ]Intｈeｐasｔ,tｈｅｙｏunghavｅeａgeｒｌypａrｔicipａｔeｄinnａtionａｌsｅrviceandciviｃaｆfairs,ｏftｅnwiｔｈlotsofenｅrｇyandideaｌisｍ.Ifthisiｓnｏthappeningtodａｙ,weｓｈｏuｌｄaskwhy．Ourｓocietｙｎeedｓthｅfulｌparticipａtionofitｓyoｕngercitｉzensifitistocontiｎｕetoｔhrｉve.Weknｏwthｅｐrｏmiseisthere—thｉsisaｗell-groｕndeｄ，taｌented,ｗarm-hｅaｒｔｅｄｇroupofyoungsｔers.Wｅhavｅeｖerythinｇtogaｉｎbｙencouraginｇｔhemtoｅxploretheｗorldbｅyoｎｄtheirｉmmediaｔeexperienceandtoｐreparetheｍselｖesfortheirtuｒｎaｔshａpiｎｇｔhatworld．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。3６.Notｍａｎyyouｎgpeopｌeelｉgibｌeforvotｉngａreｉnterｅｓtｅdinｌocalornatiｏnａleｌｅctｉｏnｓthｅsｅdays.3７.Parentsareｃｏｎcernｅｄtｈattheirchｉｌdrenｍaygeｔinvｏlvediｎｃriminａlｏfｆencｅsｏncｅtｈｅｙreachｔhｅirtｅens.３8.Evendurｉngtheturbulenｔyearsoflastcentｕry，youthrebellioｎwasoftenｅxａｇgeｒatｅdiｎtｈｅmedia．39.Ｔｅｅnaｇｅrsoｆtodayofｔenｔurntotheｉｒpaｒentsｆｏradviｃeonsucｈimpｏrｔａntmattｅrｓaｓｃａreerchoｉce.40.Theincideｎceofｔeenａgecｒiｍeandmisｂehaviｏrisdｅｃrｅａsinｇnｏwadayｓ.4１．Yoｕngpｅoplｅshoｕldｈavｅｌoftyidealｓinlｉfeandstriｖｅtobelｅａders.4２.Ｓomeyｏuｎｇpeoｐleliketokeepｓomｅthiｎｇtotheｍｓelｖeｓanddoｎ＇twａnttheｉrparentstoｋnｏwabｏutit．43.Ｉtisｂenefｉciａｌtoenｃｏｕraｇeyouｎgpeopleｔoeｘpｌoreｔｈebroａdeｒｗorldａｎｄgetreadyｔomakeitabetｔerpｌace.44.Ｍaｎytｅenageｒsnｏwｏfｆertorｅnderｓeｒｖiceｔothｅneｅdy.4５.Iｎterｖiｅwｓwｉthstudeｎｔsfinｄｍanyoｆｔheｍareonlyconcerneｄaboutｐersｏｎalmatters．SectionCDireｃｔionｓ:Ｔhｅｒeare2pａssaｇesinthissection.Ｅachpassａgeｉsfolloweｄｂysｏmeqｕestioｎsｏrunfiniｓhedstａtｅmentｓ.FｏrｅachofthemthｅrｅarｅfourchoiｃｅsmarkedA.,B.,C.aｎdD..YouｓｈｏｕlｄｄｅcｉdｅｏｎthebestchｏiｃeandmaｒkthecorｒespｏndingｌetteｒonAnｓweｒsheeｔwｉtｈasiｎglelｉnｅtｈroughtheceｎｔｒe.PassaｇeOｎeQｕeｓtionｓ46to５0aｒeｂasedｏnthｅfｏllｏｗiｎｇpaｓsage．ＭanuｆaｃｔurｅrsofｐroｄucｔｓthatｃlａｉmtobｅenｖironmentａlｌyｆriendlｙｗillｆacetｉghｔeｒrulｅsｏnhowtheyａreadvertisedtｏconsumersundercｈａnｇｅsproposedbytheＦｅdeｒaｌTrａdeCｏｍmiｓsion.Thecommiｓsｉon'srｅviｓed＂GreenGｕiｄes"warnｍａrkｅｔｅrｓagainsｔusinglａbelsｔｈaｔｍakｅｂrｏadcｌaiｍs,lｉke"eｃo-frieｎｄly"．Marketｅｒsｍｕstqualifytheirｃlａimsonｔheproduｃtpａｃkagiｎgandlｉmitｔhemtｏaｓpeｃｉｆｉcbenｅfｉｔ,suｃｈashoｗmuchｏftheprodｕctisrｅｃｙcleｄ.＂Thisisreａlｌyabｏuttryinｇtocuttｈｒoｕghtheconｆusionｔhatconsumｅrshavewhｅｎｔｈeyarｅbuｙingａｐrｏduｃtandｔhａtbｕsｉｎesseshavewheｎtheyareselliｎgａpｒoducｔ,"saidJoｎLeiboｗitz,chａirmanoｆtｈeｃommiｓsion.Ｔherｅviｓioｎｓcｏmeａtatimewhenｇreeｎmarketingisonｔｈｅrｉsｅ.Aｃcordinｇtoaneｗstudy,thenumberｏfadvertiseｍentswｉtｈgreｅnmessageｓiｎmainstreammagａzｉneshａｓriseｎsiｎce198７,andpeaｋedin2０２3ａt1０．4%．In202３,thenumbｅrdroｐｐedtｏ9%.Bｕｔwhilethenｕmberoｆａdｖerｔiｓｅmentsmayhavedipped,ｔhｅreｈａｓbeenarａpidspreaｄofecolaｂeｌiｎg.Thereareｂｏthgoodaｎdbadpｌayerｓinthｅeｃｏ－ｌabｅlinｇgame．Inｔhelastfiveyｅarsoｒsｏ,therehａｓbｅeｎaｎexploｓioｎofｇreenｃlaimsａｎdeｎviｒonmentalｃlaims.Iｔiｓｃleaｒthａtconsumerｓｄｏn'talｗａｙskｎowwｈattheyａｒｅgettinｇ.Aｈandfｕloflａwｓuｉtshａvebeｅnfiledｉnrecｅntyearsagaiｎsｔcompaniesaｃcｕsedｏｆuｓingmｉsｌeadingenvironmenｔallaｂｅls.In2０２3ａnd2０23,clasｓ-aｃｔionlawｓｕｉts(集体诉讼)werｅｆilｅdaｇainsｔＳCJohnｓｏnforuｓｉng"Gｒｅenliｓt"labelsoniｔscleaｎiｎducts．Tｈｅlawsuiｔssaidthaｔｔheｌabelwasmislｅａdingbecauseitgavｅtheimｐreｓｓｉonthatthｅprｏducｔｓｈadbeenｃertifieｄbyathirdpａrｔyｗｈentheｃｅrtificaｔiｏnwastｈecｏmpaｎy＇sown．"WeareveｒｙprｏｕｄofｏuｒaccomｐlｉshmentsuｎdeｒthｅGreenlｉstｓystemａnｄwebelｉeveｔｈatwｅwｉllｐｒeｖａｉｌintｈeｓecases,"ChrisｔｏｐｈerBｅaｒd,direｃtoroｆｐｕｂlicａｆfairsfｏrSCJohnson，ｓａid，ｗhｉleacknｏwledｇingｔhaｔ＂ｔhishasbeenanａreａｔｈａtiｓdiffｉcｕltｔｏｎavigａte.＂Ｃompaｎｉｅshaｖealｓotakeniｔupｏnthemselｖｅstｏｃonｔestｅａchotheｒ＇ｓgｒeeｎclaims．DaviｄＭaｌlen,associaｔedｉrectoｒoftｈｅCｏｕnｃｉloｆＢeｔterBusineｓsBureau，saiｄinthelａsｔtｗoｙｅarsanizatioｎｈadseeｎaｎincｒeaseintｈenuｍbｅrｏfclaｉmscomｐａnieswerebｒingiｎgagaiｎsteachothｅrｆｏrfaｌseｏrｍｉｓleadiｎｇenｖiroｎｍeｎtａlｐｒoductclaims."Ａbｏutoｎceａwｅek,ＩhaveaclientｔhａtｗiｌｌbringｕpａｎewceｒtｉfiｃaｔioｎI'veneveｒeｖｅnhｅarｄofａndＩ'mｉnthiｓindustrｙ,saiｄKevinWiｌｈｅlｍ,chieｆexｅcutiveｏfｆiｃeroｆＳustａinａblｅＢuｓiｎeｓｓＣｏnsulting．"It'skiｎdofaWiｌdＷｅst,ａnｙbodycａnclａｉmtｈeｍselvestoｂｅgrｅｅn."Mr.Ｗilｈｅｌmsaidｔheexcｅｓｓoflabeｌsｍadeitdifficulｔforbusｉｎesｓeｓaｎｄconsuｍerstoknowwhichlａbeｌｓtheｙｓｈouｌdpayａttentｉonto．46.Wｈaｔdｏｔherｅｖisｅd"GreｅnGｕides＂reｑｕｉreｂuｓinessｅstoｄo?A)Mａnuｆactuｒｅaｓmanyｇｒeｅnpｒodｕctsａsposｓｉｂle．B)Inｄicatｅwhｅtherthｅiｒprodｕctsarｅrecyclａbｌe.Ｃ）Sｐecifｙinwｈａｔwaytｈｅiｒpｒoduｃtｓaregｒeen.D)Aｔｔaｃhｇrｅenlａbelstoａｌloftheirpｒoduｃts.４７.Wｈatdoestｈeauｔｈorsａｙａboｕtｃonsuｍｅrsfacｉngaｎexplｏsiｏnofgreenclａiｍs?A）Theycaneasｉlｙｓｅetｈroughtｈebusinesｓes'trickｓ.B)Tｈeｙhaｖetospeｎdｌotsoftimｅchoosiｎgｐｒｏducｔs.Ｃ)Tｈeyhavedoubtaｂoｕtcurｒｅnｔｇｒeencertifｉcatｉon.D)Thｅyａreｎoｔcｌearｗhichprodｕctsaｒeｔrulyｇreen.４8.ＷhatｗasSCJoｈnsonａccｕseｄofiｎtｈeｃlａss-actionｌawｓｕits?A)Iｔｇａveconsumeｒｓtheimｐｒｅssｉoｎthａtａlｌｉtsprodｕctsｗｅｒｅtｒulｙｇrｅen．B)Itgavｅatｈirdparｔｙtheａuthorityｔｏlａbelitｓｐｒoductsasenvironmｅntａｌlyｆriｅｎｄｌy.C)Ｉｔmisｌedｃonsumｅrstobelieｖeｔｈatｉtspｒoｄucｔｓhadｂeenceｒtifｉedbｙathirdpａrtｙ.D)Itsoｌdcleａnｉｎgpｒｏdｕctsthａtweｒenｏtincｌudedintｈeoffiｃｉal"Grｅenlｉst".49.HowdｉｄＣhｒｉsｔophｅrBeａrddefｅndhiscｏmpany'slabelｉngpracｔice?Ａ)Thｅrewｅrenoｃlｅarguiｄelinescoｎceｒninｇgｒｅenlabｅlｉng.B)Hiscｏmpaｎy'spｒoductshadbeeｎｗellreｃｅivｅdbytｈepubｌic.C）Iｔｗasincｏｎformitytoｔheprｅvａilingｐraｃtiｃｅintｈemaｒket.D)Nｏlawrｅquirｅdtheiｎvｏlvｅmentofaｔhiｒdpaｒｔyiｎcertificatiｏn.50.WhatdoesKｅｖinWiｌｈeｌmimplybysaｙinｇ"It'sｋｉnｄｏｆａＷｉldWesｔ"(Line3,Ｐａｒa．１1)?A)Businesｓeｓcomｐetｅｄucegreenprｏｄｕcｔs．B）Eachbuｓineｓsactsｉtsownwaｙiｎgreeｎｌabｅｌing.Ｃ)Cｏnsｕmｅrsgrowｗildwitｈｐｒｏｄuctslａｂeｌedgｒeｅn.D)AnｙthiｎgｐroduｃeｄiｎtｈeWeｓtcanbelaｂｅlｅdｇrｅen.ＰaｓｓａgeTwoQuestｉons51to55arebａsedｏntｈｅfolｌowinｇpassage.Amｅrica＇ｓeducationsｙsｔeｍｈasbecomelessａladderofoppｏｒtunitythaｎastructureｔotｒａnｓmiｔｉnequaliｔyｆｒｏmｏnegｅnｅratioｎｔotｈeneｘt.That'swhｙsｃhoｏｌrefｏｒmｉｓsocritical.Ｔhiｓiｓａnissueofeｑｕalｉtｙ，opportuniｔyandnationalｃonsciｅnce.Ｉt'ｓnｏtjustaboutｅducａtioｎ,bｕtａｂoｕｔｐｏｖertyandjｕstice．It'struethatｔhemａinrｅasoninner-ｃityscｈｏoｌsdopoｏrlyｉsn＇tｔeａｃhers'uｎiｏｎs，butｐovｅｒｔy.Soｕthｅrnstａteｓwiｔhoutstronｇｔｅaｃｈｅrs'，uniｏｎshaｖｅschoｏlｓatｌｅastaｓawｆulastｈoｓeiｎuｎioｎstaｔes．SomeChiｃａgoteacheｒsseemtothｉｎkｔhatｔｈeｙsｈoulｄn'ｔbehelｄaccｏuntaｂｌeuntiｌpｏｖertyiｓsｏlved.Thｅre'rｅstepswｅcａｎtakｅｔhａtwouldｍakeｓomediffｅrｅｎcｅ,andMayorRaｈmEmanueｌistryｉngsomeofthｅｍ—ｙettｈeunionisresistinｇ.I'dbesympatｈeｔiciftheunioｎfocuｓeｄsｏｌelyonhighercompensatｉｏn．Ｔｅａchersｎeｅdtｏbemuchbeｔtｅrpaiｄtoａttｒａｃｔtｈebesｔcｏllｅgｅgrａduatｅstｏthenatiｏn'sworstschools.But,insｔeaｄ,ｔheChicagounionsｅemｓtobｅusｉnｇitspolitiｃalｃapitaｌｐrimarilｙｔoｐrotecｔｗeakpeｒfoｒmers.Theｒe'ssoliｄeviｄencｅｔhatthereareｈugｅdifferencesｉnｔheｅffｅctivenessofteacｈｅrs．TｈｅgoldsｔanｄardstudybyHarｖardandColumbiaＵniveｒsitysｃｈｏlaｒsfoｕndthatｅveｎinhigh-poveｒtysｃhooｌs,ｔｅachersconsiｓｔentlyhaｄａhugepositivｅornegａtiｖｅｉmpact.Gｅtaｂottｏm１%tｅacher,ａndtｈｅeffｅctisthｅsａmｅasifaｃhiｌdmisses40%oｆtheschoｏｌyeａｒ.Geｔａteacherｆｒomｔｈeｔop２0%,andit'sasifacｈｉｌｄhaｓｇonetoschoolfoｒanｅxtramoｎthｏrｔwo．Ｔheｓtudyfoundｔhatｓtｒonｇteachｅrｓinthｅfoｕｒththrougｈeighthgｒａdesｒaisｅｄtheskillsｏfｔheirｓtudｅｎtsiｎwaysｔhatwouldlastfoｒdeｃades.Jｕｓthaviｎgaｓtrongteａcｈerfｏroｎｅelemｅntaryyｅarｌeｆtｐupilsaｂiｔleｓｓlikelyｔoｂecomeｍoｔheｒsａstｅenagｅｒs,abiｔmorelｉｋelyｔoｇotocollegeanｄeａrningmorｅmoｎｅｙａtａge28.Hｏwdoｅsonｅfiguｒeoｕｔｗhoisaweａｋｔｅacｈeｒ?Yes,thaｔ＇sacｈallenge.Bｕｔrｅseａrｃｈｅrsareimpｒoｖingsysｔemstomeaｓureateacｈer'sperformanｃeｔhroughｏuttｈeｙear,anｄ,wiｔhｔｈreeｙearsoｆdata，ｉｆｓｕsｕａllｙposｓｉbletotelｌwhichteａcherｓａrefａｉlinｇ.Unfoｒtunatｅly,tｈｅｕnioninChｉcaｇｏisinｓiｓtinｇthａtｔeaｃhｅrsｗhoarelaｉdｏff—oftｅｎfoｒbｅingiｎeffectiｖｅ—shoｕldgetｐrioｒitｙinｎewhirｉng.Tｈat＇saniｎsｕltｔｏsｔudeｎtｓ.Teachingiｓsoiｍportaｎtｔhatｉtｓhouｌｄｂeｌikeothｅrpｒofessiｏns,withhighpayanｄgooｄwｏｒｋingｃonditiｏnsｂutfewjobprotｅｃtioｎｓｆoｒｂottomｐerfｏrmers．Tｈisisｎ'ｔabattｌｅbｅtweengarmenｔworkeｒsandgreedyｂossｅs.TheｃentrａlfigｕresiｎｔｈeChiｃaｇoscｈoｏｌssｔrｉkeａrｅneithｅrsｔrikeｒsnoｒmanａgersbｕt35０,0０0ｃhilｄren.Protｅｃtingtheuniｏｎdeｍanｄsａcrｉficesｔhoｓestｕｄentｓ,iｎeｆfectturnｉnｇａbｌiｎdｅｙetothｅinjuｓtiｃeintheedｕcａtｉonｓystem．51．ＷhａtdowelearnabouｔAｍerica＇seｄucationsysteｍ?Ａ)Itpｒｏvidｅsaladdeｒoｆopportuniｔyfｏrｔｈｅｗealthy.B）Iｔcｏntributｅslittlｅtoｔｈｅeliminatｉonofineqｕalｉty．Ｃ）Itｈasｒemainedbａｓｉｃaｌlyuncｈangｅｄfoｒgenerations.Ｄ)Ithａsｂrougｈtuｐｇeｎerationsofrｅｓponsｉblecitiｚeｎｓ.5２.Wｈatischｉｅfｌyｒｅsponｓibｌeｆoｒｔheuｎdｅsirablepｅrformanｃeｏｆｉnｎer－ｃityschｏols?Ａ）Ｕnquaｌifiedteacｈers.C)Unfａvoｒaｂlｅlearnｉngenｖironment.B）Lａｃkoffｉnancialresouｒces．Ｄ)Suｂcｏnscioｕｓracialdisｃrimiｎaｔion．53.Ｗｈａtｄｏestheaｕthortｈｉｎｋthｅunionsｈouｌｄdotｏwiｎｐopuｌarsuppｏｒt?Ａ)Assｉsｔtｈｅcityｇovernmｅntinrefｏrmingschoｏls.C)Demａｎdhｉgｈｅrpaｙfｏrteaｃherｓ．B)Gｉveconsｔｒuｃｔｉveadｖicｅtoinneｒ-ｃityscｈools．D）Ｈelｐteachｅrｓｉmprｏｖｅteａchiｎg.54.WhaｔisｔhefiｎdｉｎgofｔhegoldsｔaｎdａrdstｕdybｙHaｒvardａndColumbiaUｎｉverｓitysｃholaｒs？A)Manyinｎeｒ－cｉtｙscｈooｌｔeaｃhersaｒenｏｔequａltothｅｉrjobs.B)Aｌaｒｇpoｒtionoｆiｎｎｅr－ciｔychｉｌdrenofteｎｍｉssｃlasses.C)Maｎｙｓtｕdｅntsarｅdiｓsatiｓfieｄｗiththeirtｅacherｓ.Ｄ)Sｔuｄentperfｏrmａncｅhaｓalotｔoｄｏwithｔeacheｒｓ．55．WhydoｅsｔheaｕｔｈoｒｓayｔheＣｈicagounioｎsdemａnｄiｓaninsｕltｔosｔudｅｎtｓ?Ａ)Iｔｐroteｃｔｓinｃoｍｐeｔentｔeachｅrｓaｔtｈeexpｅnｓeｏfsｔｕｄentｓ.Ｂ）Ｉtuｎｄerestimatｅsｓｔudenｔs,abilｉtytotellｇoｏdteａcｈeｒsfrｏｍpoorones.C)Itmakeｓstudentsfｅelthattheyａｒedｉｓcrｉmｉnatｅdagａinｓtｉnmanyways.Ｄ)Ittotａllyignoｒesstuｄentｓ，iｎｉtiatｉveinｔheｌｃｅss.Dirｅｃtｉons:Foｒthispａrt,yoｕareallｏwed3０ｍinutesｔoｔraｎｓｌaｔeａpassaｇefroｍＣhineｓeｉntoEnglish.ＹｏushouldwｒiｔｅyouｒaｎｓwerｏnAｎｓwｅrＳhｅet2.旗袍（qｉpao)是一种雅致的中国服装，源于中国的满族(ManchuNａtionａlitｙ）。在清代，旗袍是王室女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世纪20年代,受西方服饰影响,旗袍发生了一些变化。袖口(cuffs）变窄，袍身变短。这些变化使女性美得以充足展现。如今，旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出席重要社交聚会时，旗袍往往是她们的首选。很多中国新也会选择旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响的人士甚至建议将旗袍作为中国女性的民族服饰。写作参考答案Theeｖoluｔionofmodｅmrobｏttechnoloｇyseeｍstobeaｍixedｂlessｉng.Oｐｔｉmｉstssaythatmorｅｒobｏtswillleadtogreaｔｅrｐrｏdｕｃtｉvityａndecｏnoｍicｇｒowtｈ,ｗｈilepｅssiｍistｓcompｌａinthaｔ