江苏高考英语模拟试卷

江苏省2016年2月南师附中、淮阴、天一、海门英语四校联考命题人：奚晓燕天一中学2001年毕业于南京师范大学外国语学院。江苏省天一中学高三英语备课组长。2013年无锡大市评优课一等奖。注意：本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）部分。答案全部做在答题卡上。总分为120分。考试时间120分钟。第一卷（共85分）第一部分听力测试（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplaceprobably A.Athome. B.Inashop. C.Inaswimmingpool.2.Onwhichdaysdoesn’ttheman’ssonwork A.Monday,WednesdayandFriday. B.Tuesday,ThursdayandSunday. C.Monday,FridayandSaturday.3.WhoisgoingafterJack A.Mr.Green. B.Mrs.Green. C.Hisbrother.4.Whatdoesthemanmean A.Thecardoesn’tneedcleaning. B.Hecleanedthecarlasttime. C.Markshouldcleanthecarthistime.5.Whenshouldthedeliverybemadetotheman A.OnSunday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnThursday.第二节：（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdidtheIOCPresidentannounce A.Thewinnertohostthe34thWinterOlympicGames. B.Thewinnertohostthe24thWinterOlympicGames. C.Thewinnertohostthe44thWinterOlympicGames.7.HowmanymorenodsdidBeijinggetthanitsrival-Almaty A.Forty.B.Forty-four.C.Four. 请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howlongdoesthewomanneedthecar A.Forthreeweeks. B.Forthirteendays. C.Forthreedays.9.Whichcardoesthewomanchooseatlast A.Thesilverone. B.Theblackone. C.Theredone.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthewomanwant A.Anovercoat. B.Ajacket. C.Askirt.11.Whopromisedtosolvetheproblemforthewoman A.Thetailor. B.Themanager. C.Thetailor’sassistant.12.Whenwillthespeakersgotothetailor’s A.NextSaturdaymorning. B.NextSaturdayafternoon. C.NextSundaymorning.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersdoing A.Sayinggood-byetoeachother. B.Waitingforaflight. C.Exchangingtheirpictures.14.WhatdoweknowaboutJane A.SheisstudyingatCambridgeUniversity. B.ShewillgraduatenextJuly. C.Sheistwenty-oneyearsold.15.Whoisthewoman’sdaughter A.Jane. B.Beth. C.Tina.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation A.Themanhasbeentravelingforamonth. B.Theman’ssonisacollegeteacher. C.Thewomanlikesplayingthepiano.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdorestaurantsinAmericaseldomaccept A.Cash. B.Checks. C.Creditcards.18.Whatdoweknowaboutpopularrestaurants A.Theyhavemanyreservationseveryday. B.Theyservealcoholtoguestsunder20. C.Theyacceptreservationsforlargeparties.19.Howmuchshouldyoutipforsuperiorserviceinarestaurant A.15%ofthetotalbill. B.20%ofthetotalbill. C.25%ofthetotalbill.20.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage A.AmericanssmokelessthanEuropeans. B.AsianssmokelessthanEuropeans. C.ThelegalsmokingageinAmericais21.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节单项选择（共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分）21.WhatdoyouthinkaboutthatnewlibrarianSheis______ofagoodclerk,forsheevendoesn’tknowhowtoclassifythebooks.A.somebodyB.nothingC.somethingD.nobody22.I’vehadabadcoughrecently.Metoo.I’veneverexperienced______ofairpollutionincitiesbefore.A.anacuteproblem B.amoreacuteproblemC.amostacuteproblem D.themostacuteproblem23.AccordingtotheMinistryofEnvironmentalProtection,manycitiesinChinasuffered______airpollutionduringthethirdquarterofthisyear.A.meaningful B.amusing C.significant D.fundamental24.Fameandwealthcanbeattractive,but______willtheygiveyoupermanenthappiness.A.innotimeB.atatimeC.atalltimes D.atnotime25.Withthepressureofbeingoffwork______,Maryseemedtobegoingcrazy.A.makingup B.takingup C.pickingup D.buildingup26.FloydLandismadeseverallameexcusesblamingmedicinehehadbeentakingforaninjury,butthesewereall______.A.inprogress B.invain C.inturn D.intune27.Manyofthecreaturesinthemovie“Avatar”arenotreal,butmuchof______happensisstillattractive.A.whichB.whatC.that D.them28.LeonardodaVinci______ascientistifhehadnotbeensoskilledinotherareas.A.wouldbe B.mustbe C.mighthavebeenD.shouldhavebeen29.Hurry!There’snotimetowaste.OK.ButI’mafraidthat______Iworkaroundtheclock,Ican’tcatchupwiththosestraightAstudents.A.evenifB.as C.until D.asthough30.Youshouldhavetoldheraboutthemeaningofthegesture.Imeant______,butIhadsomeunexpectedguests.A.to B.tohaveC.todoso D.doingso31.Emotionalconflictmayshakethe______ofeventhestrongestrelationship,.betweenhusbandandwife,parentsandchildren.A.proportionB.foundationC.innovation D.interaction32.ItisreportedthatChinawillnotbuytheEurodebtuntilsomethoroughresearch______.A.hasbeendone B.willhavebeendoneC.willbedone D.hadbeendone33.AnythingspecialaboutthisdeviceWell,itcan______betweenthecancerousandthenormalcellsundercertainconditions.A.conclude B.exclude C.discriminate D.undergo34.Newsoftheworldwasgone,shutdownafter______inthebiggestnewspaperscandalevertohitBritain.A.catching B.caught C.beingcaught D.havingcaught35.IwasreadingADreamofRedMansionsbyCaoXueqinyesterday,butIcouldn’tunderstandit.______.Itisclassicalliterature,sotakeyourtimetoenjoyit.A.Don’tflyoffthehandle B.YougotmethereC.NothingisimpossibletoawillingheartD.Morehaste,lessspeed第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Learningasecondlanguagefuelschildren’sintelligenceandmakestheirjobprospectsbrighter.36thefactis,inasinmanyotherEnglishspeakingcountries,speakersoftwoormorelanguagesareinthe37.Eighty-fourpercentofUSpeoplearemonolingual(speakersofonlyonelanguage).Thisleavesasmallnumberwho38tospeaktwoormorelanguages.Nomatterhowproudpeopleareoftheirculturalroots,tospeakanything___39Englishisamarkerofdifferencehere.That’swhyfourteen-year-oldUmaris40whenpeoplecommentonthefactthatheisabletospeakArabic.Umar’smotherpointsout:“Init’snot41forkidstobebilingual.But,ifyouspeakanotherlanguagetoyourchildreninitisthoughtthatyouarenothelpingthemto42society.”Butinfact,thegeneral43amongexpertsisthatlearningasecondlanguageisgoodforchildren.Expertsbelievethatbilinguals–peoplewhospeak__44languages–haveaclearlearningadvantage45theirmonolingualschoolmates.This46onhowmuchofeachlanguagetheycanspeak,notonwhichlanguageisused,47theyarelearningArabic,French,Chineseoranyotherlanguage.VinssMillon,aprofessorofForeignLanguageTraining,says:“Alotofstudieshave48thatchildrenwhospeakmorethanonelanguagesometimeslearnonelanguagemore49,butintheendtheydoaswellastheirmonolingualschoolmates,andoftenbetter,inothersubjects.”Theviewisthatthereisa(n)50fromtheeffortoflearninganotherlanguage.Afewother51agreethat“Bilingualstendtouselanguagebetterasawhole.Theyalso52greatercreativityandproblem-solvingability,andtheylearnfurtherlanguagesmoreeasily”.Withallofthebenefits,whydowenotshowmore53forlearningotherlanguagesParentsandteachers54inbilingualeducationsayitispressurefromfriendsatschool,general55tootherlanguagesinEnglish-speakingcountries,andproblemsintheschoolsystemthataretoblame.36.A.And B.So C.But D.Thus37.A.minimum B.maximum C.minority D.majority38.A.claim B.pretend C.decide D.plan39.A.morethan B.lessthan C.ratherthan D.otherthan40.A.excited B.embarrassed C.disappointed D.appreciated41.A.common B.unusual C.unique D.general42.A.fitin B.buildup C.contributeto D.figureout43.A.distinction B.commission C.announcement D.agreement44.A.one B.two C.three D.more45.A.beneath B.beyond C.over D.of46.A.determines B.focuses C.comments D.depends47.A.if B.whether C.when D.because48.A.rejected B.released C.revealed D.reminded49.A.slowly B.rapidly C.easily D.efficiently50.A.outcome B.improvement C.advantage D.tendency51.A.parents B.learners C.schoolmates D.professors52.A.display B.produce C.inspire D.discover53.A.concern B.respect C.enthusiasm D.intelligence54.A.involved B.impressed C.competing D.replacing55.A.opinions B.obstacles C.senses D.attitudes第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATherighttovoteisoneofthemostfundamentalrightsofanydemocracy.Yet,fortoolong,toomanyofourfellowcitizensweredeniedthatrightsimplybecauseofthecoloroftheirskin.Fiftyyearsagothisweek,PresidentLyndonJohnsonsignedalawtochangethat.TheVotingRightsActbrokedownlegalbarriersthatstoodbetweenmillionsofAfricanAmericansandtheirconstitutionalrighttocastballot(投票).Itwas,andstillis,oneofthegreatestvictoriesinourcountry’sstruggleforcivilrights.Butitdidn’thappenovernight.Countlessmenandwomenmarchedandorganized,satinandstoodup,forourmostbasicrights.Forthis,theywerecalledagitators(挑拨者)andun-American;theywerejailedandbeaten.Somewereevenkilled.Butintheend,theyreaffirmedtheideaattheveryheartofAmerica:thatpeoplewholovethiscountrycanchangeit.Ourcountryisabetterplacebecauseofallthoseheroesdidforus.Butasoneofthoseheroes,CongressmanJohnLewis,remindedusinSelmathispastMarch,“There’sstillworktobedone.”FiftyyearsaftertheVotingRightsAct,therearestilltoomanybarrierstovote,andtoomanypeopletryingtoerect（建立）newones.We’veseenlawsthatrollbackearlyvoting,forcepeopletojumpthroughhoopstocastaballotorleadtolegitimate(合法的)votersbeingimproperlypurgedfromtherolls.Overtheyears,wehaveseenprovisions(规定)specificallydesignedtomakeitharderforsomeofourfellowcitizenstovote.Inademocracylikeours,withahistorylikeours,that’sadisgrace.That’swhy,aswecelebratethe50thAnniversaryoftheVotingRightsAct,I’mcallingonCongresstopassnewlegislationtomakesureeveryAmericanhasequalaccesstothepolls.It’swhyIsupporttheorganizersgettingfolksregisteredintheircommunities.Andit’swhy,nomatterwhatpartyyousupport,mymessagetoeveryAmericanissimple:getoutthereandvote—notjusteveryfouryears,buteverychanceyouget,becauseyourelectedofficialswillonlyheed(留心)yourvoiceifyoumakeyourvoiceheard.Thepromisethatallofusarecreatedequaliswrittenintoourfoundingdocumentsbutit’suptoustomakethatpromisereal.Together,let’sdowhatAmericanshavealwaysdone:Let’skeepmarchingforward,keepperfectingourunion,andkeepbuildingabettercountryforourkids.[FromObamaWeeklyAddressAug8th,2015]56.ManyAmericansweredeniedtherighttovotesimplybecause_____.A.theywereunwillingtogooutandvoteB.theywereagitatorsandun-AmericanC.toomanypeopletriedtoerectnewbarriersD.thecoloroftheirskinwasdifferent57.WhatmessagedoesPresidentBarackObamawanttoconveyinthisspeechA.ThePresidentunderlinedthatallpeoplearecreatedequal.B.ThePresidentcelebratedthe50thAnniversaryoftheVotingRightsAct.C.ThePresidentreaffirmedthecommitmenttoprotectingtherighttovote.D.ThePresidentcalledoneveryonetoseizeeverychancetoelectofficials.BThereisoneholidayintheyearwhichiscompletelyAmerican,ThanksgivingDay.Itisthedaywheneveryonegoesbackhometospendthedaywithhisfamily,tohavethetraditionalThanksgivingdinnerofroastturkey,totalkaboutoldtimes.ThisisastoryofThanksgivingDayandofoneman'sefforts,underratherspecialcircumstances,tocarryonthesetraditions.OldPetetookhisseatthisdayonhisusualbenchinUnionSquare.EveryThanksgivingDayfornineyears,Petehadtakenthissameseatexactlyatoneo'clock,andeachtimethesamepleasantthinghadhappened.ButthistimePetehadcomeheremorefromhabitthanfromhunger.CertainlytodayPetewasnothungry.Hehadjusthadadinnersoenormousthathecouldhardlybreathe.Thebuttonsonhisraggedshirtandcoatwereabouttoburst.Hewassofullofsoup,oysters,roastturkey,applepie,icecream,andadozenotherrichfoodsthattheNovemberbreezeandthefirstlightfallofsnowfeltcoolandpleasanttohisface.Themealhadbeencompletelyunexpected.HehadbeenpassingoneofthelargehomesonFifthAvenue,wheretherelivedtworicholdladies.ItseemsthatitwastheircustomeachThanksgivingtoplaceaservantatthefrontentrancewithorderstobringinthefirsthungrylookingpersonthatpassedandthengivehimaThanksgivingdinnerofeverythinghecouldeat.OnthisparticularThanksgivingDay,Petehadpassed,theservanthadbroughthimin,and,beforePeteknewit,hewasbeingservedlikeakingwithmorefoodthanhecouldeat.Petesatonthebenchnow,hardlyabletomove.HehappenedtolooktotheleftandthereinthedistancehesawtheOldGentlemancomingtowardhim.Hewantedtogetupandrun,buthewassofulloffoodthathestayedrightthere.EveryThanksgivingDayfornineyears,theOldGentlemanhadcomehere,andfoundPeteonthissamebench,andthentakenhimtoarestaurantandboughthimaThanksgivingdinner.ItwasakindoftraditionwhichtheOldGentleman,whohadnofamilyandlivedalone,hadtriedtocontinue.Theoldmanwastallandthinandsixtyyearsold.Hewasaristocraticlookingandhealwaysdressedinblack.Hishairwaswhiterandthinnerthanithadbeentheyearbefore,andheleanedmoreheavilyonhiscanethanheusedto."Howdoyoudo!"saidtheOldGentleman."Iamgladtoseethatthechangesofanotheryearhavepermittedyoutomoveinhealththroughthisbeautifulworld."EachtimetheOldGentlemanhadsaidexactlythissamething.Itwaspartofthetradition.OldPete,too,begantofeelasthoughhehimselfwasnowapartofthetradition,andhethereforedidnothavethecouragetotelltheoldmanthathehadalreadyeaten.ThisdinnerseemedtomeansomuchtotheOldGentleman."Thankyou,sir,"saidOldPeteatlast."I'llgowithyougladly.I'mveryhungrysir."TogethertheOldGentlemanandPetewalkedsouthtothesamerestaurantwhereeachyearPetehadhisThanksgivingdinner.Theysatatthesametable.TheOldGentlemanseemedpleasedandhappy.WhenthewaiterbroughtdishafterdishoffoodtoPete,theOldGentlemansatquietlyandsmiled.Underthecircumstance,Petehadtoeat.Itwaspartofthetradition,andsoheatelikeahero.Soup,oysters,roastturkey,pie,heateeverything,althoughwhenheenteredtherestauranteventhesmellofmorefoodalmostmadehimsick.AtlastPeteleanedbackwiththebattlewon."Thankyousir,"hesaid,withsomeeffort,"forafinedinner."Theypartedastheydideachyearatthedoor,theOldGentlemangoingsouth,Petenorth.Aroundthecorner,Petestoppedforamoment,feltaterriblepaininhisstomach,thenfelltothesidewalkunconscious.Alittlelateranambulancecame.Inthehospitaltheydiscoveredthathehadhadanattackofindigestion.Anhourlater,anotherambulancebroughttheOldGentlemantothesamehospital.Atfirsttheythoughtitwasalsoindigestionbutlateroneofthenursessaid,"Thatniceoldgentlemanoverthere--youwouldn'tthinkthatitwasacaseofstarvation.Proudoldfamily,Isuppose.Hetoldmethathehadn'teatenathingforthreedays.”58.ThisyearOldPetecametotheUnionSquarebecause______.A.hewashungryandexpectedtofindsomefoodB.hehadnowheretogoontheThanksgivingDayC.hewantedtomeettheOldGentlemanandcheckhishealthD.itwasaconventionforhimtoaccepttheOldGentleman’sdinner59.Whydidn’tOldPeterefusetheinvitationfromtheOldGentlemanA.Becausehefelthehadmoreroomforfood.B.Becauseherealizedhewasinvolvedinthetradition.C.BecausehefeltmovedbytheOldGentlemen’sgenerosity.D.Becausehedidn’tdaretotelltheoldmanhehadalreadyeaten.60.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueA.OnlytheOldGentlemenobservedThanksgivingDaytraditions.B.Thetwogentlemenwerebothhospitalizedbecauseofhunger.C.TheThanksgivingdinnerofferedbytheOldGentlemanismorethandinneritself.D.ThefoodintherestauranttastesbetterthanthatinlargehomesonFifthAvenue.61.WhatcanwelearnfromthetwoThanksgivingDayGentlemenA.Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison.B.Theyarereallygentlementruetotheirword.C.Theyaretoovaintoexpresstheirtruefeelings.D.Theconductofthetwogentlemenisreallyabsurd.CToday,manyspeciesofanimalsandplantsareendangered.Thismeanstheyareindangerofbecomingextinctandlivingononlyinthepagesofhistorybooks.Thefamousdodoisaclassicexampleofacreaturethatbecameextinct.AflightlessbirdthatlivedontheislandofMauritius,itwasdiscoveredbysailorsin1598butwashuntedtoextinctionby1681.HuntinghascausedtheBengaltigerandtheAfricanelephanttobeendangeredtodaybuthabitatdestructioncanalsoleadtoextinction.Thisisequallytrueforplants.Animalsandplantsdisappearforotherreasonstoo,butthemaincauseisoftenadisruption（打乱，破坏）inthenaturalfoodchain,whetherduetohunting,habitatdestruction,oreventheintroductionofalienspecies.Thenaturalfoodchainisthecyclethatgovernstheexistenceofalllifeonthisplanet.Itisacarefullybalancedcycleandanyimbalancethatoccurscancauseknock-oneffectsthathaveseriousconsequences.Atthebeginningofthenaturalfoodchainareplantswhichturnsunlightintoenergyanddrawnutrientsfromtheearth.Plantsarecalledproducers.Aftertheproducerscometheconsumers.Therearethreetiersofconsumers.Firstarecreaturessuchasplant-eatinganimals,fishandinsectswhichfeedofftheproducers.Theseanimalsthatonlyeatplantsarecalledherbivores.Thesecondtierofconsumersarecarnivores-animalsthatliveoffotheranimals.Thethirdtierofconsumerseatsbothotheranimalsandplants.Theseconsumers,includingmosthumans,arecalledomnivores.Afteranimalsandplantsdie,theybecomefoodforothersmallercreatures,suchasbacteriaandsomeplants,suchasfungi.Astheyfeed,thesecreaturesturnthedeadbodiesbackintogasesandmineralswhichareagainfoodfortheproducersatthebeginningofthefoodchain.Andsothecyclecontinues.Allofnatureisconnectedandgovernedbyhundredsofthesedelicatefoodchainsandifasingleplantinthechaincannotsurvive,thentheinsectsthatliveofftheplantstarttodieandtheanimalsthateattheinsectsalsostarttodie.Whenafoodchainisdisrupted,theconsequencescanbeextremelyserious.Oneestimatesuggeststhatforeachplantspeciesthatislost,upto30animalsandinsectsmayalsodieout.OnewondershowmanyspecieswereaffectedbytheextinctionofthedodoHumanscanhavedisastrouseffectsonfoodchains.We'vealreadymentionedhuntingbutnowlet'slookattravel.Whenpeoplefirststartedtoexploretheworldtheytookplantandanimalspeciesfromtheirhomecountriesandintroducedthemwherevertheywent.Theydidn'trealizethatbyintroducingalienspeciestheyweredisruptingthenaturalfoodchainsoftheareastheydiscovered.Althoughtherearestrictrulesinplacetodaycontrollingtheimportandexportofalienspecies,someplacesarestillfightingtheeffectsofaliensintroducedhundredsofyearsago.Forexample,GoughIslandintheSouthAtlanticOceanisabreedinggroundforalbatrossesthathavebeennestingthereforcenturies.Butinthe19thcentury,micefrompassingshipswerebroughttotheisland.Beingaspeciesalientotheisland,theyhadnonaturalpredatorsandhavenowgrowntosuchasizethattheyareattackingandkillingalbatrosschicks.Iftheyareallowedtocontinue,theywillwipeoutthealbatrosspopulation.Withimportlawsandpeople'srisingawarenessofhowhumansaffectthenaturalenvironment,hopefullywecanlearntofitbetterintothenaturalfoodchainsthatgovernourworld.Otherwiseweneedtoacceptthatthelossofanymoreplantsandanimalscouldeventuallymeanourownextinction.62.WhatdothefirsttwoparagraphsmainlytellusA.Huntingandhabitatdestructionleadtoextinction.B.Manyspeciesofanimalsandplantsareendangered.C.Plantsandanimalsbecomeextinctforthesamereasons.D.Themaincauseofextinctionisoftenadisruptioninthenaturalfoodchain.63.WhichofthefollowingsentenceisTRUEaccordingtothepassageA.Strictrulesalonecanremovethebadeffectsofalienspecies.B.Plants,herbivoresandcarnivoresarethethreetiersofconsumers.C.Ifabirdbecomesextinct,therelevantfoodchainwillbedisrupted.D.Animalsandplantsbecomeextinctbecausealienspeciesareimported.64.BymentioningthemiceinGoughIsland,theauthorintendstohighlight______.A.miceworldwidearegrowingallthetimeB.beingaliens,theyhadnonaturalpredatorsC.someplacesarestillfightingtheeffectsofaliensD.travelingcanhavedisastrouseffectsonfoodchains65.WhatisthebesttitleofthepassageA.Survivalofthefittest.B.Endangeredanimalsandplants.C.Howtoprotectthenaturalenvironment.D.Thelinkbetweenfoodchainsandextinction.DWhatwillhighereducationlooklikein2050ThatwasthequestionaddressedTuesdaynightbyMichaelCrow,presidentofArizonaStateUniversity.“We’reattheendofthefourthwaveofchangeinhighereducation,”Crowbegan,arguingthatresearchuniversitiesfollowedtheinitialestablishmentofhighereducation,publiccolleges,andland-grantschoolsinthetimelineofAmerica.Inlessthanahalf-century,hesaid,globalmarketcompetitionwillbeatitsfastestratesofchangeever,withseveralmultitrillion-dollareconomiesworldwide.Accordingtoarecentprojection,thenation’spopulationcouldreach435million,withalargepercentageofthoseresidentseconomicallydisadvantaged.Inaddition,climatechangewillbe“meaningfullyuncontrollable”inmanypartsoftheworld.Theeverydaytrendsseentoday,suchasdecliningperformanceofstudentsatalllevels,particularlyinmathandscience,anddecliningwagesandemploymentamongthelesseducated,willonlycontinue,Crowmaintained,andare,tosaytheleast,notcontributingtofulfillingthedreamofclimbingthesocialladdermobility,qualityoflife,sustainableenvironment,andlongerlifespansthatmostAmericansshare.“Howisitthatwecanhavethesegreatresearchuniversitiesandhavenegative-trendingoutcomes”Crowsaidinatalk“Iholdtheuniversitiesaccountable.…Wearepartoftheproblem.”Amongthe“thingsthatwedothatmakethethingsthatweteachlesslearnable,”Crowsaid,arethestrictseparationofdisciplines,academicrigidity,andconservatism,thedesireofuniversitiestoimitateschoolsatthetopofthesocialranks,andthelackofthecomputersystemabilitythatwouldallowalargenumberofstudentstobeeducatedforasmallamountofmoney.Since2002,whenCrowstartedbeinginchargeatArizonaState—whichhecallsthe“newAmericanuniversity”—hehasledmorethanthreedozeninitiativesthataimtomaketheschool“inclusive,scalable,fast,adaptive,challenge-focused,andwillingtotakerisks.”Amongthoseinitiativeswerearestructuringoftheengineeringandlifesciencesschoolstocreatemorelinkagesbetweendisciplines;thelaunchoftheSchoolofEarthandSpaceExplorationandtheSchoolofSustainability;thestartofaTeachersCollegetoaddressK-12performanceandincreasethestatusoftheEducationDepartmentattheuniversity;andbroadenedaccess,increasingthefreshmanclasssizeby42percentandtheenrollmentofstudentslivingbelowthepovertylineby500percent.Universitiesmuststart,Crownoted,“bybecomingself-reflectivearchitects,figuringoutwhatwehaveandwhatweactuallyneedinsteadofwhatlegendtellsuswehavetobe.”Researchuniversitiestodayhave“runtheircourse,”headded.“Nowisthetimeforvariety.”Duringadiscussionafterward,Crowclarifiedandexpandedonsomeofhispoints.Hediscussed,forexample,theschool’sdistance-learningprogram.“Nearly40percentofundergraduatesaretakingatleastonecourseonline,”hesaid,whichhelpstheschooltokeepcostsdownwhileadvancinginteractivelearningtechnologies.HesaidthatArizonaStateisworkingtoincreasethetransferandcompletionratesofcommunity-collegestudents,ofwhomonlyabout15percent,historically,completetheirlaterdegrees.“We’vebuiltasystemthatwillallowthemtotrackintouniversities,”particularlywhere“culturallycomplexbarriers”beyondfinanceslimiteventhemostgiftedstudents.66. ThefourthwaveofchangeinAmerica’shighereducationrefersto_______.A.publiccolleges B.land-grantschoolsC.researchuniversities D.initialhighereducation67.WhichisNOTpartoftheAmericandreammostpeopleshareA.Peopleenjoyaqualitylife. B.Peoplelivelongerandlonger.C.Thefreedomtomovearound. D.Anenvironmentthatissustainable.68.WhichisaninitiativeadoptedbyCrowatArizonaStateUniversityA.RestructuringtheteachersCollege.B.LaunchingtheSchoolofLifeSciences.C.Ignoringthelinkagesbetweendisciplines.D.Enrollingmorestudentsfrompoorfamilies.69.Whichoneissimilartotheunderlinedword“architect”inmeaningA.Theauthoroftheguidebookisanarchitectbyprofession. B.Ifyouwanttorefurnishthehouse,consultthearchitect.C.DengXiaopingisoneofthearchitectsofthePRC. D.Tomisconsideredoneofthebestlandscapearchitecthere.70.Withthedistance-learningprogram,ArizonaStateUniversityisableto______.A.enroll40%ofitsstudentsonlineB.