江苏省镇江市丹徒大港中学2021-2022学年高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

江苏省镇江市丹徒大港中学2021-2022学年高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.–I’dliketobeonmyownforawhile.Doyoumind?

–_________.Goahead.

A.Notintheleast B.Noway C.Yes,ofcourse D.I’mafraidso–TheWallStreetJournalisgivingmealaptopwithWindowsXP,anoperating参考答案：A2.—Thetripshouldn’tcostmorethan3,000yuan.—

.Itisatleasttwicetheamount.

A.Iguessso B.That’sit C.Youmustbejoking D.Itdepends参考答案：C3.

Iboughtthreebooks,butnoneof_______isinteresting.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.them参考答案：D略4.Averyoldladywasbadlyhurtin________thepolicedescribedasanapparentlymotivelessattack.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.where参考答案：B5.Those_____havesixormoreclosefriendsaredescribedas“veryhappy”.A.who

B.whose

C.which

D.when参考答案：A6.Despite_____inChina,JeremyLinhascaughtYaoMing’soldfanbaseofAsian-Americanswhoseehimasapowerfulrolemodel.

A.notborn

B.notboring

C.beingnotborn

D.notbeingborn

参考答案：D略7.—Wright,Ireallyappreciateyourneathandwriting．

—

．

A．Oh,Ipracticeeveryday

B．Well,it'snotgoodenough

C．No,Idon'twritewell

D．Oh,thankyouverymuch参考答案：D8.Onlyunderspecialcircumstances________tousethefirehose,otherwisetheywillbepunished.A.arepeoplepermitted

B.peoplearepermittedC.peoplepermit

D.dopeoplepermit参考答案：A【知识点】特殊句式

only+状语位于句首用部分倒装，并且被动语态构成形式是bedone，故答案选A。9.TheTwinsDaysFestival,_______beganin1975,isthelargestannualgatheringoftwins.A.that

B.which

C.who

D.when参考答案：B【考点】定语从句连词／连接词【试题解析】这是一个非限制性定语从句，本题考查的是定语从句中从属连词的用法。分析句子，可知在从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which，指代的是TheTwinsDaysFestival，根据句意，可知选B。句意：双胞胎节，始于1975年，是每年双胞胎们聚集在一起的大会。10.Weshould

respect

foodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thave

wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.whether参考答案：A11.Ican______thehousebeinguntidy,butIhateitifit’snotclean。A.comeupwith

B.putupwith

C.turnto

D.stickto参考答案：B12.Theboy______ontheground______tomethathehad______thebookontheshelf.A.lying;lay;laid B.lying;lied;laidC.lie;lied;lay D.lay;lied;laid参考答案：B【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：躺在地上的男孩对我撒谎说他把书放在书架上了。lie

“撒谎”时，过去式lied，过去分词lied，现在分词lying；如果lie意为“躺”时，过去式lay，过去分词lain，现在分词lying。lay意为“放置，产蛋”，其过去式是laid，过去分词laid，现在分词laying。本句中的第一个空“__ontheground”在句中做主语theboy的后置定语，二者是主动关系，即“躲在地方的男孩”，填lie(躺)的现在分词lying。第二个空是谓语动词lie(说谎)，根据语境可知，本句叙述的是过去的事，要用一般过去时，此空格用动词的过去时，要填lied。第三个空是宾语从句的谓语动词的现在完成时的一部分，根据语境可知，此处是指把书本“放置”在书架上，lay是“放置”之意，此空格要用过去完成时，即用lay的过去分词，即laid。综合可知，本题选B。13.—Whatshallwedotonight?—

．It'suptoyou． A．Italldepends

B．Noproblem

C．Idon'tcare

D．Don'tmentionit参考答案：C14.Poetrywrittenfromthe______oftheurbanyouthtendstorevealtheiranxietyoveralackofsenseofbelonging.A.perspective

B.priority

C.participation

D.privilege参考答案：Aperspective观点、看法；priority优先权；participation参加、参与；privilege特权。此处是指城市年轻人的观点（看法），所以选A。解题的关键在于正确理解和把握一词多义和熟词生义15.—Butforyourtimelywarning,we_________intogreattrouble.

—Well,youknowwe’refriends.A.wouldget

B.musthavegot

C.wouldhavegot

D.canhavegot参考答案：C略28.—CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutHollandinEurope?

—Itisasmallcountry______sizeandpopulation.

A.infaceof

B.intermsof

C.inneedof

D.incaseof参考答案：B略17.Nowadaysteenagersliketogotofastfoodrestaurants,______,asthenamesuggests,eatingdoesn’ttakemuchtime.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.who参考答案：B,考查非限定性定语从句。句意：“现如今青少年喜欢去快餐店吃饭。正如其名字所显示的那样，在快餐店吃饭不会花费太多时间。”句中先行词restaurant在定语从句中做地点状语，故选择where。18.BythesideoftheBird’sNest________，completedin2008.

A．therestandingtheWaterCube

B．doestheWaterCubestand

C．theWaterCubestands

D．standstheWaterCube参考答案：D二、书面表达19.随着手机的普及化，越来越多的学生将手机带入校园。你作为校刊记者对一些师生就学生随身携带手机的现象进行了采访。请根据下面所提供的信息用英语给你校校刊写一篇报道，客观介绍人们的看法，并表述自己的观点。要点如下：支持者的看法反对者的看法你的看法方便与家人朋友联系；可以放松一下自己；一些手机应用对学习有帮助；使学生分心，成绩下降；影响睡眠；

？注意：1.内容应包括以上要点，可以适当增加细节，以使内容连贯；2.词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：手机应用APP

使分心distractIt’scommonnowadaysinsomeschoolsthatstudentstakemobilephoneswiththem.Andpeoplehavedistinctlydifferentideasonthisissue.

参考答案：【范文】It’scommonnowadaysinsomeschoolsthatstudentstakemobilephoneswiththem.Andpeoplehavedistinctlydifferentideasonthisissue.Somepeopleapproveofit.Firstofall,it’sconvenientforstudentstokeepintouchwithfamiliesandfriendsbyusingmobilephones.Itcanalsorelievestudentsofstressfromtimetotime.Besides,someAPPscanhelpstudentswiththeirstudy,suchasYoudaoDictionaryandmusicplayersforlisteningpractice.However,othersobjecttoitbecauseit’sagreatdistractionforstudents,whichmaycauseadropingrades.Andaddictedtomobilephones,somestudentsmayspendmuchoftheirsleeptimeplayingwithmobilephones.Inmyopinion,studentsshouldbeallowedtousemobilephonesaslongastheykeepinmindthatstudyistheirmajortask.【思路点拨】该文是一议论文，主要讨论学生应该带手机上学，并清晰表述人们的观点，故应用一般现在时和第三人称。文中使用了被动语态，addictedto短语作状语，aslongas引导的条件状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句等；还使用的高级词汇approveof，convenient，relieve等；还使用了however，besides等连接词，让文章一气呵成，等等这一切亮点都在告诉我们作者的英语功底深厚。20.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友来信请你在寒假教她学习汉语。请根据以下要点，用英语给她写封回信。时间：每周三下午3:00—5:00地点：李华家书房内容：1.日常会话；

2.中文歌曲；

3.中国节日。ks5u注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。4.参考词汇：书房（study）ks5uDearVelinda,Gladtohearfromyou.I’dliketotellyouwhatIhaveplannedforyourChinesestudy.

Bestwishes.Lihua参考答案：DearVelinda,Gladtohearfromyou.I’dliketotellyouwhatIhaveplannedforyourChinesestudy.WecanbeginourChineseclassinmystudyat3pmeveryWednesdayduringthewinterholiday.Theclasslaststwohours.Intheclass,wewillpracticespokenChinese.IwillteachyousomebeautifulChinesesongs,includingpopularandfolkones,whichcanhelpyoulearnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily.What’smore,I’dliketointroducesomeChinesefestivalstoyou,suchastheSpringFestival,theLanternFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival.Luckily,wewillcelebratetwoimportantChinesefestivalsmentionedaboveduringthiswinterholiday.IbelieveyoucanimproveyourChineseandwe’llhaveagoodtimetogether.Bestwishes,LiHua

三、阅读理解21.Haveyouevernoticedthecolourofthewaterinariverorstreamafteraheavyrainfall?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthischangeincolour?Itissoilthathasbeenwashedintotheriverfromtheriverbankorfromt}lenearbyfields．ComponentsofSoft

Soilismadeupofanumberoflayers(层)，eachhavingitsowndistinctivecolourandtexture．Theupperlayerisknownasthelitter．Itactslikeablanket．limitingtemperaturechangesandreducingwaterloss．Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus(腐殖质)，whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour．Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrients，oxygen，andwater．Belowthetopsoilisthesubsoil，alayerthatcontainsmorestonesmixedwithonlysmallamountsoforganicmatter．Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus．Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock．

Soilformsfromthebottomup．Overtimebedrockisattackedbyrain,wind，frost,andsnow．Itisgraduallybrokendownintosmallerparticlesinaprocesscalledweathering．Plantsbegintogrow，androttenmaterialsenrichthetopsoil．MostofthesoilinEasternCanada．forexample．Wasformedfromweatheredrockthatwasexposedwhentheicedisappearedl2．000yearsag0．WaterBeneaththeSoil

Surfacewatercollectsandflowsabovethegroundinlakes．ponds．andrivers．Onceinthesoilorrock，itiscalledgroundwater．Gravitypullsgroundwaterthroughthesoilinaprocesscalledpercolation(渗透)．Eventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertable．Underthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolate．

Aswaterpercolatesdownward，itdissolvesorganicmatterandmineralsfromthesoilandcarriesthemtodeeperlayers．Thiscausesaseriousproblembecauseplantsrequirethesenutrientsforgrowth.SoilpH

Soilcanbeacidic．neutral．orbasic．ThepHofthesoilisdeterminedbythenatureoftherockfromwhichitwasformed．andbythenatureoft}leplantsthatgrowandrotinit．

TheacidityofrainandsnowcanlowerthepHofthegroundwaterthatentersthesoil．Byburningfossilfuelssuchascoal，oilandgasoline，humanshavebeencontributingtohigherlevelsofacidityinmanysoils．Whenfossilfuelsareburned．gasesarereleasedintotheairandthenfallbacktoearthasacidrain．Acidsoilincreases出eproblemofcarryingnutrientstolowersoillevels．Asnutrientsareremoved，soilislessfertile．Plantsgrowmoreslowlyinacidicsoil，andalsobecomeeasilyattackedbydiseases．67．Thelayerofsoilthatprovidesnecessarynutrientsforplantgrowthiscalled．

A．1itter

B．topsoil

C．humusD．subsoil68．Accordingtothetext．whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A．Soilformsfromweatheredrockontheearthsurface．

B．Thedeeperlayerofsoilisdarkerincolourthant}lesurfacesoil．

C．Airpollutionispartiallyresponsibleforacidsoil．

D．Groundwatertendstocarryawaynutrientsforplantgrowth．69．Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewatertablelies

．A．betweenthetopsoillayerandthesubsoillayerB．inthesubsoillayerabovebedrock

C．betweenthesubsoillayerandbedrock

D．inthebedrocklayerbeneaththesubsoil70．Theunderlinedword“dissolve”isusedtoexpresstheideathatorganicmatterandmineralsfromsoilare

．

A．rushedawayintotheriver

B．cleanedandpurifiedbywater

C．destroyedandcarriedawaybywater

D．mixedwithwaterandbecomepartofit参考答案：67．B解析：细节理解题Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus（腐殖质），whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour。Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrients，oxygen，andwater．68．B解析：推理判断题Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus．Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock。可以看出答案69．C解析：推理判断题Eventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertable．Underthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolate．可以看出答案70．D解析：水渗透下来以后，泥土中有机质和其他物质和水按常识是和水混在一起，然后分解。看出答案。22.Wheneverweseeabutton,weareeagertopressitbecauseweknowsomethingwillhappen.Thisistrueinmostcases,forexampleonadoorbellandonthe“on/off”buttonontheTV.Butsomebuttonsareactuallyfake,likethe“close”buttononalift.Manypeopleareinthehabitofpressingthe“close”buttonbecausetheydon’thavethepatiencetowaitfortheliftdoorstoshut.Butlifts’“close”buttonsareacompletescam(骗局),atleastintheUS--thedoorswillnotcloseanyfasternomatterhowhardyoupress.Itstartedinthe1990swhentheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActwaspassedintheUS,makingsurethatallliftsstayedopenlongenoughsothatpeoplewithdisabilitiescouldenter.OnlyUSfirefightersandrepairmencanusethebuttonstospeedupthedoor-closingprocessiftheyhaveacodeorspecialkeys.Buttonormalliftriders,thebuttonsaren’tcompletelyuseless.Accordingtopsychologists,fakebuttonscanactuallymakeyoufeelbetterbyofferingyouasenseofcontrol.“Perceived(能够感知的)controlisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandincreaseswell-being,”EllenJ.Langer,apsychologyprofessor,said,“havingalackofcontrolisassociatedwithdepression.”Expertshaverevealedthatalotofbuttonsthatdon’tdoanythingexistinourlivesforthissamepurpose.Forexample,manyofficesintheUShavefakethermostats(温度调节器)becausepeopletendtofeelbetterwhentheythinktheycancontrolthetemperatureintheirworkspace.Butpsychologistsfounditinterestingthatevenwhenpeopleareawareoftheselittle“whitelies”,theystillcontinuetopushfakebuttonsbecauseaslongasthedoorseventuallyclose,itisconsideredtobeworththeeffort.“Thathabitisheretostay,”JohnKounios,apsychologyprofessor,said.“EventhoughIhaverealdoubtsaboutthetrafficlightbuttons,Ialwayspressthem.Afterall,I’vegotnothingelsetodowhilewaiting.Sowhynotpressthebuttoninthehopethatthisonewillwork?”25.Whatwastheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Toanalyzethefunctionsoffakebuttons.B.Todescribesomedifferentkindsoffakebuttons.C.Toexplaintheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffakebuttons.D.Toexplorepeople’sdifferenthabitswhenitcomestopu