2023年中考英语试题分项版解析汇编（第01期）专题25阅读理解（任务型阅读）（含解析）

专题25阅读理解〔任务型阅读〕1.【2023年内蒙古赤峰】根据短文内容，完成表格，每空一词。请将正确答案填写在答题卡指定的横线上。AbrahamLincolnwasborninKentuckyin1809.Hismotherdiedwhenhewastenyearsold.Later,hisfamilymovedtoIllinoisandhisfatherremarried.Thefamilywaspoor,sotheyhadtostrugglejusttolive.InIllinois,therewereneitherteachersnorschools,butLincoln’sstepmotherencouragedhimtostudy.Helearnedtoreadandwritewhileworkingonthefarm.Attwenty-one,Lincolnlefthome.Hesoonreceivedalawlicenseandbecamealawyer.Peopletrustedhimandbegantocallhim“HonestAbe〞.Duringthefollowingyears,hetookamoreactivepartinpolities.Soonhewasnotonlyahighlyrespectedlawyerbutalsoawell-knownpolitician.HewaselectedthesixteenthpresidentoftheUnitedStatesin1860,andinthenextyeartheCivilWarbrokeout.TheCivilWarwasbetweenthesouthernstatesthatwantedtoleavetheUnionandformtheirowncountry,andnorthernstatesthatwantedtokeepallthestatesasonecountry.Thesouthernstateswantedtokeepthelawsthatallowedthemtoownslaves.BoththenorthernstatesandPresidentLincolnwantedtogetridofthoselaws.OnApril9,1865,theCivilWarendedandallslavesweresetfree.Lessthanaweeklater,onApril14,1865,AbrahamLincolnwasshotattheFordTheaterinWashingtonD.C.Hediedthenextdayfromhiswounds.AbrahamLincolnBirth★Hewasbornin1809.Hisfamily★Hismotherdiedwhenhewas71.★Hisstepmotherwas72tohimandencouragedhimtostudy.UnusualExperience★Afarmer,alawyer,apoliticianandthesixteenth73oftheUnitedStates.Achievement★TheCivilWarbrokeoutbetweenthesouthernstatesandthe74states.★AllslavesweresetfreewhentheCivilWar75.★“Keepingallthestatesasonecountry〞cametrue.【答案】71.10/ten 72.nice/kind73.president74.northern75.ended【解析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了AbrahamLincoln的不幸的童年及不平凡生活的经历。71.根据Hismotherdiedwhenhewastenyearsold.可知在他十岁时他的妈妈死了。故填10/ten 72.根据InIllinois,therewereneitherteachersnorschools,butLincoln’sstepmotherencouragedhimtostudy.可获得自由。故填ended考点：任务型阅读。2.【2023年内蒙古赤峰】根据短文内容，答复后面的问题。请将正确答案填写在答题卡指定的横线上。OnepleasantNewYearmorning,Edwardgotupanddressedhimselfinahurry.HewantedtobethefirsttowishahappyNewYear.Helookedineveryroom,andshouted"HappyNewYear"toeveryoneofhisfamily.Thenheranintothestreettorepeatittothosehemet.Whenhecameback,hisfathergavehimtwonewdollars.Hisfacelightedupashetookthem.Hehadwishedforalongtimetobuysomenicebooks.Asherandownthestreetwithalighthearttothebookshop,hesawapoorGermanfamily—thefather,motherandthreechildrenwalkinginthecoldwind.“IwishyouahappyNewYear,’saidEdward,ashewashappilypassingon.Themanshookhishead.“Youdonotbelongtothiscountry?〞askedEdward.Themanshookhisheadagain,becausehecouldnotunderstandorspeakEnglish.Buthepointedtohismouth,andtothechildren,heseemedtosay,“Theselittleoneshavehadnothingtoeatforalongtime.〞Edwardquicklyunderstoodthatthesepeoplewerepoorandintrouble.Hetookouthisdollarsandgaveonetotheman,andtheothertohiswife.Theysaidsomethingintheirlanguage,whichmeant,“Thankyouverymuch,andwewillrememberyouforever.〞76.Whendidthestoryhappen?77.WhatdidEdwardwishtobuy?78.Whodidheseeonthewaytothebookshop?79.Whydidthemanshakehisheadagain?80.DidEdwardgivethemanonedollarortwodollars?【答案】76.IthappenedononepleasantNewYearmorning. 77.Somenicebooks.78.ApoorGermanfamily.79.BecausehecouldnotunderstandorspeakEnglish.80.One(dollar)【解析】One(dollar)考点：任务型阅读。3.【2023年山东青岛】读面文按求成项务Asurveyofyoungpeoplearoundtheworldlookedattheirideasoftoday’steenagers.Itshowshowdifferenttheyarethoseoftheirparentsandgrandparents.Thesurveywantedandunderstandthenextgeneration(一代人)ofadultsbetterandtheseareoftheresults.Theyshowthattherearemanymore(A)similaritiesbetweenyoungpeoplearoundtheworldthandifferences.1Gapyears(间隔年)betweenschoolanduniversityarebecomingandmorecommon.Today’steenagerswanttraveldifferentcountriesandexperiencedifferentcultures.Theyregardasanimportantpartoftheircharacterdevelopment.2Formostteenagers,andfriendsarethemostimportantsideofAccordingthe60percentofBritishyoungpeoplesaidtheirrelationshiptheirfamilywasofthehighestimportance(B)them.375percentofteenagersWesternEuropeexpecthaveenoughmoneywhentheyareadults.Theyareahappygeneration.outoftentheyhaveagoodprofessionajobtheyenjoy.Theyalsoexpectthattheybehappyandhealthy.4Youngpeoplenowareforallkindsofinformationonmedia.57percentofteenagerstheUKreadatleastonemagazineeveryweek,whichoneofthehighesttheworld.据章容相的息配答的母号入应横上〔1分，共4分〕A.HopethefutureB.forinformationC.Discoveringtheworld D.Familyandfriends.据下中(A)划单词〔1分〕请从文中找出与Theyhavestronginterestlearningaboutallkindsofinformationfromradio,television,Internetandsoon.意思相近的句子。〔1分〕【答案】1.CDAB 2.相同处，相同的3.Britishyoungpeople4.Youngpeoplenowarehungryforallkindsofinformationonmassmedia【解析】C，根据2处后文Formostteenagers,andfriendsarethemostimportantsideofD；根据3处后文75percentofteenagersWesternEuropeexpecthaveenoughmoneywhentheyareadults.故填A；根据4处后文Youngpeoplenowareforallkindsofinformationonmedia.故填B 2.根据比拟的对象thandifferences.可知其意思是相同处，相同的考点：任务型阅读。4.【2023年山东青岛】读面文按求成项务Everyyearallaroundtheworldpartwonderfuljourneys.Herearethestoriesofamazinganimaltravelers.Humpbackwhales(座头鲸)preferaslowjourney.Thehumpbacks,whichover10,000kilometersontheirjourneyfromAlaskaHawaii,ataspeedofabout1.6kilometersanhour.theydon’tfast,humpbackwhalesfartherthananyotherofwhale.EveryAugustafantasticcanbeseentheaboveOntarioandMontreal—millionsofamazingMonarchbutterflies(帝王蝶)beginningtheir4,000-kilometerjourneyfromCanadaCentralMexico.Infact,thejourney,whichabout3months,longerthanthe(平均的)oftheFinallymanyofthebutterfliesreachingtheirfinalplacearethegreatgrandchildrenoreventhegreatgreatgrandchildrenofthebutterflieswhobeganthejourneyMexicotheyearbefore.任务一根据文章内容，完成以下句子。〔5分，每空不超过3个单词〕Humpbackwhalesataspeedof1anhourfromAlaska2.Theybut3amongallwhales.Monarchbutterfliesspend4flyingfromCanadaCentralMexico.ItlongerthantheirTheoneswhicharriveatthefinalplaceare5oreventhegreatgreatgrandchildren.任务二请用英语简要概括出本文的主旨大意，不超过10个单词。〔2分〕Thepassagemainlyabout.【答案】1.1.6kilometers2.Hawaii3.fathest4.3month5.thegreatgrandchildren 2.twoamazinganimaltravelers【解析】考点：任务型阅读。5.【2023年山东青岛】读面文按求成项务Everywheretheworldtherearedifferentofbehaving.Whenwemeetsomeone,everythingwesayanddoexpressesourculturalbackground.wantonsomeonefromanotherculture,helpsunderstandsomethingabouttheseEvenhowwestanddependsonourculture.peopleeachotheratan(平均的)distanceof130Italianschatatandistanceof80Italianscanthinkthatpeopleareunfriendlybecausetheystandtoofaraway!AndpeoplecanthinkthatItaliansaretooclose.alsocultural.TheFrenchtouchmuchAmericans.AFrenchcouplemaytouch100halfanhouranAmericancoupleonlytouchtwice!AndFrenchteenagerstoucheachothermuchmorethanAmericanteens.任务一 请将划线句子Whenwemeetsomeone,everythingwesayanddoexpressesourcultural任务二 请根据短文内容答复以下问题。〔2分〕任务三 请根据短文内容，完成下面的句子。〔2分〕Accordingtothepassage,Italiansstand1 thanEnglishpeople.Americanteenstouch 2thanFrenchteenagers.【答案】1.当我们遇到其他人时，我们所说和所做的一切都表达了我们的文化背景。 2.1.Canada2.Wheneatingout,keepbothhandsonorabovethetable3.1.closer，2.less【解析】考点：任务型阅读。6.【2023年山东德州】阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。Nowadaysbike-sharinghasbeenverypopularinChina.Mobike〔摩拜单车〕isoneofthemarketleadersinthebike-sharingbusiness.WhatisMobike?MobikewasfoundedinJanuary,2023.ItissupportedbyTencent〔腾讯〕.Peopleinmanycities,suchasBeijing,Guangzhou,JinanaswellasShanghai,haveachanceofusingtheapp〔软件〕.ThetotalnumberofMobikeappusersislargerthanthatofanyotherbike-sharingappusers.WhousesMobike?Accordingtoasurvey,53.33%oftheMobikeusersaremen,while46.77%arewomen.73Mobikeisnotonlypopularwithyoungpeople,butalsowinstheheartsoftheold.Itshowsthatretiredmentraveledthelongestdistances〔距离〕bysharedbikes.WhydopeopleuseMobike?ChinesepeopleuseMobikefordifferentreasons.Userscanrent〔租借〕abikeatalowprice,usuallyaboutoneyuananhour.Italsoofferspeopleabetterchoiceforshortjourneyincities,especiallywhenpeoplecan’tfindabusortheundergroundtotake.What’smore,it’shelpfulintraffic.Andthemostimportantisthatitcanhelpimprovetheenvironment.71.WhenwasMobikefounded?72.Trueorfalse.〔“T〞代表正确，“F〞代表错误〕Accordingtothepassage,Mobikeapphasthelargestnumberofusersamongallthebike-sharingapps.()73.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.74.WhydoChinesepeopleuseMobike?(Atleast2reasons.)75.Giveapropertitle〔题目〕tothepassage.【答案】71.〔Mobike/Itwasfounded〕inJanuary,2023.72.T/True73.摩拜单车不仅受年轻人的欢送，而且也受到老年人的青睐。74.〔1〕Userscanrentabikeatlowprice.(2)Mobike/Itofferspeopleabetterchoiceforshortjourneysincities.(3)Mobike/Itishelpfulintraffic.(4)Mobike/Itcanhelpimprovetheenvironment.75.合理即可。【解析】(3)Mobike/Itishelpfulintraffic.(4)Mobike/Itcanhelpimprovetheenvironment.75.根据短文主要介绍的是自行车共享的领导者——摩拜单车的情况，故填Mobike考点：任务型阅读。7.【2023年山东泰安】阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。〔请注意问题后的字数要求〕[1]Once,whentherewasafamine〔饥荒〕,arichbakersentfortwentyofthepoorestchildreninthetown,andsaidtothem,“Inthisbasketthereisaloaf〔面包〕foreachofyou.Takeit,andcomebacktomeeverydayatthishourformore.〞[2]Thehungrychildrengatheredeagerlyaboutthebasket,andfoughtoverthebreadbecauseeachwantedthelargestloaf.Atlasttheywentawaywithouteven(77)______thegoodbaker.[3]Gretchen,apoorlydressedlittlegirl,didnotfightorstrugglewiththeotherchildren,butstoodquietlyinthedistance〔远处〕,Whenthebadlybehavedchildrenhadleft.Gretchentookthesmallestloaf,whichwasallthatwasleftinthebasket.Shekissedthebaker’shandandwenthome.[4](78)第二天，孩子们表现得像以前一样糟糕。Gretchengotaloafalmosthalfthesizeoftheoneshegotthefirstday.Whenshecamehome,hermothercuttheloafopen.Manynewshiningpiecesofsilverfelloutofit.[5]Hermotherwasveryworriedandsaid,“Takethemoneybacktothebakeratonce.Thesilvermusthavefallenintothedoughbyaccident.Byquick,Gretchen!〞[6]Whenthelittlegirlgavetherichmanhermother’smessage,hesaid,“(79)Itwasnomistake,Ihadthesilverpiecesputintothesmallestloaftoreward〔奖赏〕you.Alwaysbeascontent〔满足〕,peaceable,andthankfulasyounoware.Gohomenow,andtellyourmotherthatthemoneyisyourstokeep.〞76.WhatdidGretchendowhiletheothersfoughtoverthebread?〔nomorethan6words〕77.Fillintheblankinthesecondparagraphwithproperwords〔nomorethan3words〕.78.TranslatetheChinesesentenceinthefourthparagraphintoEnglish.79.TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesinthesixthparagraphintoChinese.80.WhatdoyouthinkofGretchenandhermother?【答案】76.Shestoodquietlyinthedistance. 77.thanking/sayingthanks(goodbye)to/expressingthanksto78.Thenextdaythechildrenwereasbadlybehavedasbefore./Thenextdaythechildrenbehavedasbadlyasbefore.79.这不是失误/错误，我〔让人〕把这些银币放进最小的面包里是为了奖赏你。80.Gretchenwascontent,peaceableandthankful.Hermotherwashonest./Theywerecontent,honest,peacefulandthankful.【解析】试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述了一个懂得谦让、感恩的小女孩，最后受到好心人奖励的故事。thankful.考点：任务型阅读。8.【2023年山东枣庄】阅读理解七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入答题卡56~60小题横线上的最正确选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Asweknow,therearedifferencesbetweenWesterncultureandChineseculture.56.Let’slookatsomewordsaboutanimalsandplants.MostexpressionsinChineseaboutthedog,forexample,“ahomelessdog〞,“amaddog〞,“arunningdog〞and“adogcatchingamouse〞,havebadmeanings.57.InEnglish,peopleusethedogtodescribegoodactions.Forexample,“youarealuckydog〞meansyouarealuckyperson.And“everydoghasitsday〞meanseachpersonhasgoodlucksometimes.TOdescribeaperson’sseriousillness,theysay“sickasadog〞.Theword“dog-tired〞meansverytired.58.ButinWesternculture,“cat〞isoftenusedtodescribeawomanwhoisunkind.Therearemanyotherexamplesofhow“cat〞isuseddifferentlyaswell.59.Peoplethinktherosestandsforlove,peace,courageandfriendship.AndtheroseisthenationalflowerofEngland,Americaandmanyothercountries.60.Wecanlearnaboutmanydifferencesinculturesbycomparinghowsomewordsareused.A.However,Chineselovecatsverymuch.B.Thewordsaboutplantsandanimalsareusedingoodorbadwaysindifferentcultures.C.Wecanseedifferenceswhenwepayattentiontothewaywordsareused.D.However,westernerslovecatsverymuchE.Wecanseesimilaritieswhenwepayattentiontothewaywordsareused.F.TheroseisregardedasasymbolofloveinbothChinaandsomeWesterncountries.G.ButinWesterncountries,dogsareconsideredtobehonestandgoodfriendsofhumans【答案】56.C57.G58.A59.F60.B【解析】words指上文中的提及的单词，应选B考点：七选五。9.【2023年四川成都】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文，并将选项编号字母依次填入题号后横线上。〔共5小题，每题1分；计5分〕Astimegoesby,areyoustillthesamepersonyouwere?Manyofyouwouldthinkyouare.1Youcouldbeacompletelydifferentpersonwhenyougetold.Psychologists〔心理学家〕attheUK’sUniversityofEdinburghdidthestudyonagroupofScottishpeople2In1950,agroupofteachersgaveover1,20014-year-oldstudentspersonalitytests.3Theywereself-confidence,senseofresponsibility,perseverance〔耐性〕,strongwishestowin,creativityandmoods.〔情绪〕In2023,researcherssuccessfullyfound174ofthose1,200studentsandgavethematestsimilartotheonetheyhadreceivedbefore.4Theyweresurprisedtofindgreatchangestoallsixpersonalitytraitsofthesepeople.5Itwas“asifthesecondtesthadbeengiventodifferentpeople.〞Thestudyreported.Inthepast,personalitywaswidelybelievedtobeunchangeable.Thisnewstudymaybringsomefreshideastotheworld.A.Theytestedsixbasicpersonalitytraits.B.Thentheycomparedthethen-and-nowtestresults.C.Theywantedtoknowifpeople’spersonalitywasunchangeable.D.Butaccordingtoanewstudy,yourpersonalitycanchangegreatly.E.Theyoungerandolderselfseemedtobetotallydifferentforeachperson.F.Theresearchfoundalmosteveryone’spersonalitychangedwhentheygrewold.【答案】1.D2.F3.A4.B5.E【解析】考点：阅读填空。10.【2023年四川成都】阅读下面短文，根据其内容，补全表格中所缺信息。请将答案按编号依次填入表格内题号后横线上。〔共5小题，每题1分；计5分〕Oct.16isWorldFoodDay.TheUNstartedthedayin1979.It'susedtoremindpeoplenottowastefoodandfighthunger.Abignumberofpeopleintheworldstilldon'thaveenoughfoodtoeat.Foodshortage〔匮乏〕isabigproblemworldwide.Rightnow,therearemorethan1,000millionhungrypeopleintheworldaccordingtotheUN.Manychildrengotosleephungry,and15millionofthemdieofhungereachyear.Thereareseveralreasonswhytherearefoodshortages.First,therehavebeenmoredroughts〔干旱〕andfloodsrecently.Also,agrowingpopulationmakesfeedingeveryonemoredifficult.Anotherbigreasonisfoodwaste.Mostpeopledon'trealizehowmuchfoodtheythrowawayeveryday.Sometimeswecooktoomuch,orwedon'tuseitbeforeitgoesbad.Theaverage〔平均的〕personthrowsaway50kgoffoodeveryyear.AccordingtotheUN,morethanonethirdofallfoodproducedworldwidegoestowasteeachyear.Thatisover1,300,000millionkilogramsoffoodbeingwasted.TheamountoffoodwastedinEuropecanfeed200millionpeople,andthefoodwastedinLatinAmericacanfeed300millionayear.Sothinktwicenexttimeyouwanttothrowawayfood.Bycuttingdownonfoodwaste,wecouldhelpputfoodontheemptyplatesofsomehungrychildren.Onlyorderasmuchfoodasyoucaneatinarestaurant.Ifyoucan'teatallyouorder,taketheresthome.Don'tbetoopickyaboutfoodsothatyoudon'tleaveanyonyourplate.Somefoodmaynottastegreat,butyourbodyneedsit.Keepaneyeonwhatfoodyouhaveathome.Don'tbuytoomuch.Don'tcooktoomuch.Whenyouthrowawayfood,youarenotjustwastingthefooditself.Resources〔资源〕arealsowastedwhilegrowing,transportingandcookingthefood.Thesethingsalltakeenergy,timeandwater.Title:1onWorldFoodDayTheUN’s2tostartthisdayToremindpeoplenottowastefoodandfighthungerFactsoffoodshortageOver1,000millionpeoplearehungryeacher.15millionchildrendieofhungereachyear.Reasonsforfoodshortage◆moredroughtsandfloodsnow◆agrowingpopulation◆foodwasteworldwide3ofiteachyear※Theaveragepersonthrowsaway50kgoffood.※Over1,300,000,000,000kgoffoodiswasted.※ThefoodwastedinEuropecanfeed200,000,000people,andthefoodwastedinLatinAmericacanfeed300,000,000people.WaystostopfoodwasteOnlyorderasmuchasyoucaneatatarestaurant.Taketherestoffoodhomeifyoucan’teatallyou’veordered.Don’tbetoopickyaboutfood.Besurenotto4morefoodathomethanyouneed.5included◆energy◆time◆water【答案】1.Introduction/Background2.purpose3.theamount/number4.keeporcook5.wastedresources【解析】太多的食物也不要做太多的食物。故答案为：keeporcook5.根据Whenyouthrowawayfood,youarenotjustwastingthefooditself.Resources〔资源〕arealsowastedwhilegrowing,transportingandcookingthefood.Thesethingsalltakeenergy,timeandwater.可知，当扔掉食物的时候，不仅浪费了食物本身，而且种植、运输、烹饪都花费了能源、时间和水。故答案为：wastedresources考点：任务型阅读。11.【2023年浙江嘉兴】PeterHouseforaafor$600aThison71Roadof.keptbyaandaOn73aaa74,andaOnone75Peterat3【答案】4.75.【解析】考点：任务型阅读。12.【2023年浙江金华】任务型阅读〔共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分〕阅读以下短文，在空白处〔71-75〕填入与短文内容相符的信息，完成阅读摘记。Englishisthefirstlanguageofseveralcountries.However,ithasmanydifferences.British,American,andSouthAfricanEnglishareallspokendifferently.InmanyEnglishlanguagecourses,theBritishandAmericandifferencesaretaught.Oneisnotmorecorrectthantheother,butthereareimportantdifferencesbetweenthetwo.ProbablythebiggestdifferencebetweenAmericanandBritishEnglishisthevocabulary.Differentwordsandexpressionsareusedtotalkaboutthesamething.Forexample,intheUnitedStates,peoplethrowtheirgarbageintothetrashcan.InEngland,peoplethrowtheirrubbishintothedustbin.InBritain,peopletakealifttothefifthfloor.InAmerica,peopletakeanelevator.AmericanandBritishgrammarcanbealsodifferent.Forexample,speakersofBritishEnglishwillask“Whatdidyoudoattheweekend?〞,butAmericansusuallysay“ontheweekend.〞IntheUnitedStatespeopleusuallysay“I’vegottenanewcar.〞,butintheUKtheywillsay“I’vejustgotanewcar.〞ThepronunciationinAmericanandBritishEnglishisalsodifferent,evenwhenthespellingisthesame.Theword“tomato〞—pronounced“to-mah-to〞inBritishEnglish—isaclassicexampleofthis.Vocabulary,grammar,andpronunciationarethreewaysEnglishisdifferentindifferentpartsoftheworld.Learningalltheseisnoteasy,soEnglishlearnersshouldjustknowthattheyarealwaysthere.DifferencesBrEAmEVocabularyThrowtherubbishintothedustbinTakea72tothefifthfloorThrowthegarbageintothe71TaketheelevatorGrammarAttheweekendI’vejust74anewcar.73theweekendI’