2023年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答

2023年职称英语真题之理工类B级试题第1部分：词汇选择(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分拟定一个意义最为接近的选项。1.Theoldconcernsloseimportanceandsomeofthemvanishaltogether.A.developB.disappearC.lingerD.renew2.IntheUnitedStateseducationalsystem,intermediateschoolisthetransitionalphasebetweentheprimarygradesandhighschool.A.stageB.notionC.patternD.alternative3.Fluoridedeterstoothdecaybyreducingthegrowthofbacteriathatdestroytoothenamel.A.facilitatesB.overwhelmsC.inhibitsD.loosens4.ThefirmofBonninandMorrisinPhiladelphiawasprobablythefirstAmericanCompanytomanufactureporcelain.A.silverwareB.crystalC.chinaD.linen5.Gunpowderwasusedextensivelyinfirearmspriorto1990.A.inB.aroundC.fromD.before6.WepackedupthethingsIhadaccumulatedoverthelastthreeyearsandleftforgood.A.closeB.nearC.pastD.final7.Thechemicalislethaltoratsbutsafetocattle.A.toxicB.harmfulC.deadlyD.contagious8.Sheisveryconscientiousaboutherwork.A.worriedB.carefulC.anxiousD.nervous9.Shehasconsolidatedherpower.A.strengthenedB.wonC.hardenedD.united10.Thedrinkingwateriscontaminatedwithimpurities.A.blackenedB.pollutedC.darkenedD.mixed11.HernoveldepictsafuturisticAmerica.A.writesB.sketchesC.describesD.indicates12.Heexpressedconcernthattheshipmightbeindistress.A.despairB.difficultiesC.needD.danger13.Theyareendeavoringtochangesocietyasawhole.A.tryingB.workingC.doingD.making14.Youreternalboastingannoyseveryone,A.unchangeableB.everlastingC.boringD.monotonous15.Theotherwomenseemedcontentedandtheyevenexhibitedtheirbellieswithpride.A.demonstratedB.uncoveredC.spreadD.showed第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后，列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：假如该句提供的是对的信息，请选择A;假如该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;假如该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。MotherNatureShowsHerStrengthTornadoes(龙卷风)andheavythunderstormsmovedacrosstheGreatLakesandintoTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.Thestormsweredramaticanddangerous.GeorgeSnyderwasdrivingthefiretruckdownRoute88whenhefirstnoticedthatafunnel(漏斗状的)cloudwasbehindhim."Istoppedthetruckandwatchedthefunnelcloud.Itwasabout100feetoffthegroundandIsawitgoupanddownforawhile.ItwasmovingtowardBradleyRoadandthensuddenlyitdisappeared."Snydersaid.SnyderonlysawoneofthefunnelcloudsthatpassedthroughnortheasternOhioonSaturday.InTrumbullCounty,atornadoturnedtreesontotheirsides.SometreesfeelontohousesandCars.Othertreesfellintotelephoneandelectricalwiresastheywentdown.AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartywhenthestormbegan."Iknewsomethingwaswrong，"shesaid."Isawtheskygogreenandpink(粉红色).Thenitsoundedlikeatrainrushingtowardthehouse.Istartedcryingandtoldeveryonetogotothebasementforprotection."Thetornadocausedalotofdamagetocarsandhousesinthearea.Itwilltakealongtimeandmuchmoneytorepaireverything.Therewasalsoseriouswaterdamagefrommeunderstorms.Theheavyrainsandhighwindcausedthepowertogooutinmanyhomes.Thestormscausedseriousfloodinginareasneartheriver.MorethanfourinchesofrainfellinpartsofTrumbullCounty.Theriverwassohighthatthewaterranintostreetsandhouses.ManystreetshadtobeclosedtoCarsandtrucksbecauseofthehighwater.'Thismadeitdifficultforfiretrucks.policecars，andotherrescuevehiclestohelppeoplewhowereintrouble.Manypeoplewholiveneartheriverhadtoleavetheirhomesfortheirownsafety.Somepeoplereportedfivefeetofwaterintheirhomes.Localandstateofficialsopenedemergencysheltersforthepeoplewhowereevacuated(撤走).TheRedCrossservedmealstothem."Thiswasareallyintensestorm。"saidSnyder.'Peoplewereafraid。MotherNaturecallbefierce.Wewereluckythistime.Noonewaskilled."16.TheweatherwasniceinTrumbullA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned17.GeorgeSnyderwasafirefighter.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned18.AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartyinthebasementwhenthestormbegan.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned19.Powersupplysystemwasnotdamagedduringthestoma.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned20.TherehadnotbeensuchaseverestorminTrumbullA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned21.Rescuevehicleshadahardtimegettingtopeople.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned22.Severalpeopleweremissingduringthestorm.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完毕句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有两项测试任务：(1)第23-26题规定从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27-30题规定从所给的6个选项中为每个句子拟定1个最佳选项。Cloning：FuturePerfect?1Acloneisanexactcopyofaplantoranimalproducedfromanyonecell.SinceScottishscientistsreportedthattheyhadmanagedtocloneasheepnamedDollyin1997,researchintocloninghasgrownrapidly.InMayl998,scientistsinMassachusettsmanagedtocreatetwoidenticalcalvesusingcloningtechnology.Amousehasalsobeenclonedsuccessfully.ButthedebateovercloninghumansreallystartedwhenChicagophysicistRichardSeedmadeasurprisingannouncement:"Wewillhavemanagedtocloneahumanbeingwithinthenexttwoyears,"hetoldtheworld.2Seed'sannouncementprovokedalotofmediaattention,mostofitnegative.InEurope,nineteennationshavealreadysignedanagreementbanninghumancloningandintheUSthePresidentannounced:"WewillbeintroducingalawtobanallhumancloningandmanystatesintheUSwillhavepassedanti-cloninglawsbytheendoftheyear."3Manyresearchersarenotsonegativeaboutcloning.Theyareworriedthatlawsbanninghumancloningwillthreatenimportantresearch.InMarch,theNewEnglandJournalofMedicinecalledanyplantobanresearchoncloninghumansseriouslymistaken.Manyresearchersalsobelievethatinspiteofattemptstobanit,humancloningwillhavebecomeroutineby2023becauseitisimpossibletostoptheprogressofscience.4Istherereasontofearthatcloningwillleadtoanightmareworld?Thepublichasbeenbombardedwithnewspaperarticles,televisionshowsandfilms,aswellascartoons.Suchinformationisoftenmisleading,andmakespeoplewonderwhatonearththescientistswillbedoingnext.5Withinthenextfivetotenyearsscientistswillprobablyhavefoundawayofcloninghumans.Itcouldbethatprettysoonwewillbeabletochoosethepersonthatwewantourchildtolooklike.Buthowwoulditfeeltobeacloneamonghundreds,theanti-clonersask.Prettycool,answerthepro-cloners.23.Paragraph1_______________24.Paragraph2_______________25.Paragraph3_______________26.Paragraph4_______________A.StrongReactionsB.AnxietyaboutthefutureofCloningC.TheRightChooseD.WhatIsCloning?E.ArgumentsinFavorofCloningF.ACommonSight27.RichardSeedclaimedtobealleletoclone_______________28.RichardSeed'sannouncementreceived_______________29.TheUnitedStateswillintroduce_______________30.Withintenyearsscientistswillprobablyhave_______________A.thenucleusofacellB.clonedhumanbeingsC.ahumanbeingintwoyearsD.alawtobanhumancloningE.areportonhumancloningF.heavymediacoverage第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每道题拟定一个最佳选项。第一篇WalkingRobotCarriesaPersonThefirstwalkingrobotcapableofcarryingapersonunveiledonFridayinTokyo,Japan.ItscreatorsatWasedaUniversityinThebattery-poweredrobot,code-namedWL-16,isessentiallyanaluminumchairmountedontwosetsoftelescopicpoles.Thepolesareboltedtoflatplateswhichactasfeet.WL-6uses12actuatorstomoveforwards,backwardsandsidewayswhilecarryinganadultweighingupto60kilograms(130pounds).Therobotcanadjustitspostureandwalksmoothlyevenifthepersonitiscarryingshiftsinthechair.Atpresentitcanonlystepupordownafewmil1imeters,buttheteamplanstomakeitcapableofdea1ingwithanormalflightofstairs."Ibelievethisbipedalrobot,whichIprefertocallatwo-leggedwalkingchairratherthanawheel-chair,willeventuallyenablepeopletogoupanddownthestairs,"saidAtsuoTakanishi,fromWaseda"Wehavehadstrongrobotsforsometimebutusuallytheyhavebeenmanipulators,theyhavenotbeengearedtocarryingpeoplearound,"saysRonArkin,attheGeorgiaInstituteofTmsukchiefexecutiveYoichiTakamotoarguesthatbipedalormulti-leggedrobotswillbemoreusefulthanso-called"caterpillarmodels"formovingoverunevenground.WL-16'snormalwalkingstridemeasures30centimeters,butitcanstretchitslegsto136cmapart.Theprototypeiscurrentlyradio-controlled,buttheresearchteamplanstoequipitwithastick-likecontrollerfortheuserinfuture",Takanishisaid,itwi1ltake"atleasttwoyears"todeveloptheWL-16prototypeintoaworkingmodel.Smaller,ground-huggingrobotshavebeendevelopedtopassacrosstrickyterrain.Onemaggot-likedeviceusesamagneticfluidtopulseitswayalong",whileanothersnake-likerobotusessmartsoftwaretodevisenewmovementstrategiesifthelandscapetakesitstollonanyonepart.Oneball-shapedrobotevenusesaleap-and-bounceapproachtotraveloverbumpyterritory.Butnoneofthesearebigorstrongenoughtocarryapersontoo.31.TherobotthatunveiledonFridayinTokyoA.hastwolegsandisabletocarryaperson.B.surprisedvisitorsfromWasedaC.enableswheel-chairuserstoclimbupanddownstairs.D.cantransportheavygoodsoveruneventerrain.32.WhichofthefollowingabouthowtherobotworksisNOTcorrect?A.Therobotisbattery-powered.B.Therobothastwosetsofpolesmountedonflatplates.C.Therobotusesactuatorstomoveabout.D.Therobotcancapanadultofupto60kilograms.33.WhatdoesRonArkinthinkofWL-l6?A.Hethinkstherobotisuser-friendly.B.Hethinksiti8anotherkindofmanipulator.C.HeisnotsureiftherobotcancappeoplesafelyD.Hedoubtsiftherobotisstrongenoughtoclimbstairs.34.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionaboutWL-l6istrue?A.Itisaground-huggingrobot.B.Itisacaterpillarmodel.C.Itneedstimetobedevelopedintoaworkingmodel.D.Itisgoingtoberadio-controlled.35.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Differentshapesofrobotsperformdifferentfunctions.B.Manykindsofrobotshavebeendevelopedtowalkovertrickyterrain.C.Robots,bigorsmall,performalmostthesamefunction.D.Noneofthefourkindsofrobotsarestrongenoughtocarrypeoplearound.第二篇NightoftheLivingAntsWhenanantdies,otherantsmovethedeadinsectoutofthenest.Thisbehaviorisinterestingtoscientists,whowonderhowantsknowforsure-andsosoon-thatanotherantisdead.Dong-HwanChoe,ascientistattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthatArgentineantshaveachemicalontheoutsideoftheirbodiesthatsignalstootherants,"I'mdead-takemeaway."Butthere'satwisttoChoe'sdiscovery.Theseantsarealittlebitlikezombies.Choesaysthatthelivingants-notjustthedeadones-havethisdeathchemical.Inotherwords,whileanantcrawlsaround,perhapsinapicnicorhome,it'stellingotherantsthatit'sdead.Whatkeepsantsfromhaulingawaythelivingdead?ChoefoundthatArgentineantshavetwoadditionalchemicalsontheirbodies,andthesetellnearbyantssomethinglike,"wait-I'mnotdeadyet."SoChoe'sresearchturneduptwosetsofchemicalsignalsinants:onesays,"I'mdead,"theothersetsays,"I'mnotdeadyet."Otherscientistshavetriedtofigureouthowantsknowwhenanotherantisdead.Ifanantisknockedunconscious,otherantsleaveitaloneuntilitwakesup.Thatmeansantsknowthatunmovingantscanstillbealive.ChoesuspectsthatwhenanArgentineantdies,thechemicalthatsays"Wait-I'mnotdeadyet"quicklygoesaway.Oncethatchemicalisgone,onlytheonethatsays"I'mdead"isleft."It'sbecausethedeadantnolongersmellslikealivingantthatitgetscardedtothegraveyard,notbecauseitsbodyreleasesnewuniquechemicalsafterdeath,"saidChoe.Whenotherantsdetectthe"dead"chemicalwithoutthe"notdeadyet"chemical,theyhaulawaythebody.ThiswasChoe'shypothesis.Totesthishypothesis,ChoeandhisteamputdifferentchemicalsonArgentineantpupae.Whenthescientistsusedthe"I'mdead"chemical,otherantsquicklyhauledthetreatedpupae7away.Whenthescientistsusedthe"Wait-I'mnotdeadyet"chemicals,otherantsleftthetreatedpupaealone.Choebelievesthisbehaviorshowsthatthe"notdeadyet"chemicalsoverridethe"dead"chemicalwhenpickedupbyadultants.Andthatwhenanantdies,the"notdeadyet"chemicalsfadeaway.Othernearbyantsthendetecttheremaining"dead"chemicalandremovethebodyfromthenest.36.Whatismeantby"deathchemical"mentionedinparagraph3?A.Achemicalthatcontainspoison.B.Achemicalthatcausesdeath.C.Achemicalthatannouncesdeath.D.Achemicalthatpreventsdeath.37.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothequestion"Whatkeepsantsfromhaulingawaythelivingdead?(paragraph4)"?A.Howdoantsknowwhatistobehauledawayfromthedeadants?B.Whatpreventsantsfromremovingtheantsthatarenotyetdead?C.Whatdoantsdotokeepthemselvesawayfromthedyingants?D.Whatpreventsantsfrombeingcarriedawayaftertheydie.38.WhatisNOTtrueaboutChoe'sfinding?A.Whenanantdies,itproducesa"Iamdead"signal.B.Livingantshavethedeathchemicalontheirbodies.C.Antshavetwosetsofchemicalsontheftbodies.D.Antshavethe"Iamnotdead"chemicalontheirbodies.39.AccordingtoChoe'shypothesis,A.anantstillsmellslikealivingwhenitdies.B.the"Iamdead"chemicalleavestheant'sbodywhenitdies.C.the"Iamnotdeadyet"chemicalisleftwhenanantdies.D.the"Iamnotdeadyet"chemicalleavestheant'sbodywhenitdies.40.WhatistheresultofthetestonChoe'shypothesis?A.Itprovesthathishypothesisistime.B.Notenoughevidencehasbeenfoundtosupporthishypothesis.C.Itshowsthathishypothesisiswrong.D.Itindicatesthathishypothesisneedsrevising.第三篇HowtoInterviewPeopleInterviewing(采访)isoneofthoseskillsthatyoucanonlygetbetterat.Youwillneveragainfeelsoillateaseaswhenyoutryitforthefirsttime,andyou’llprobablyneverfeelentirelycomfortabletryingtogetfromanotherpersonanswersthatheorshemaybetooshytoreveal.Butatleasthalfoftheskillismechanical.Therestisinstinct,whichcanallbelearnedwithexperience.Thebasictoolforaninterviewarepaperandtwoorthreewell-sharpenedpencils.Butkeepyournotebookorpaperoutofsightuntilyouneedit.There’snothinglesslikelytorelaxapersonthanthearrivalofsomeonewithanote-takingpad.Bothsortofpersonyou’redealingwith,gettinghimorhertotrustyou.Nevergointoaninterviewwithoutdoingwhateverhomeworkyoucan.Ifyouareinterviewingatownofficial,knowhisvotingrecord.Ifit’sanactor,knowwhatplayshehasbeenin.Youwillnotbelikedifyouinquireaboutfactsthatyoucouldhavelearnedinadvance.Manybeginninginterviewersareafraidthattheyareforcingtheotherpersontoanswerquestionsandhavenorighttoinquireabouthispersonalsecrets.Thisfearisalmost100percentunnecessary.Unlessthepersonreallyhatesbeinginterviewed,heisdelightedthatsomebodywantstointerviewhim.Mostmenandwomenleadlivesthatareuninteresting,andtheygraspanychancetotalktoanoutsiderwhoseemseagertolisten.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthatitwillgowell.Ingeneralyouwillbetalkingtopeoplewhohaveneverbeeninterviewedbefore,andtheywillgetusedtotheprocessawkwardly,perhapsnotgivingyouanythingthatyoucanuse.Comebackanotherday;itwillgobetter.Youwillbothevenbegintoenjoyit–proofthatyouaren’tforcingyourvictimtodosomethinghedoesn’treallywantto.41.Theword"reveal"(inline4ofparagraph1)couldbestbereplacedbyA."ask"B."question"C."give"D."seek"42.Accordingtothepassage,duringaninterviewnotebooksorpapershouldA.neverbeusedB.beusedonlywhennecessaryC.bekeptathomeD.begiventotheinterviewee43.Thewriterofthepassagesuggeststhatbeforeinterviewingaperson,youshouldA.haveagoodrestB.visitatownofficialC.meetanactorD.makepreparations44.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph4thatmostmenandwomenA.areafraidtomeetinterviewersB.hatebeinginterviewedC.likebeinginterviewedD.feartospeaktooutsiders45.Accordingtothepassage,ifapersonbeinginterviewedistoouneasytogiveyouanythinguseful,whatshouldyoudo?A.ArrangeanotherinterviewB.GivehimorherabadscoreC.WaituntilheorshecalmsdownD.Trytomakehimorhertrustyou第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。ConservationorWastedEffort?Theblackrobin(旅鸫)isoneoftheworld'srarestbirds.Itisasmall，wildbird，anditlivesonlyontheislandofLittleMangere，offthecoastofNewZealand.In1967therewereaboutfiftyblackrobinsthere;in1977therewerefewerthanten.________(46).Energeticstepsarebeingtakentopreservetheblackrobin.________(47)Theideaistobuyanotherislandnearbyasaspecialhome，a"reserve"，forthreatenedwildlife，includingblackrobins.TheorganizerssaythatLittleMangereshouldthenberestocked(重新准备)withtherobin'sfood.ThousandsoftherequiredplantsareatpresentbeingcultivatedinNewZealand.Isallthisconcernawasteofhumaneffort?________(48)Arewelosingoursenseofwhatisreasonableandwhatisunreasonable?Intheearth'slong，longpasthundredsofkindsofcreatureshaveevolved，risentoadegreeofsuccessanddiedout.Inthelong，longfuturetherewillbemanynewanddifferentformsoflife.Thosecreaturesthatadaptthemselvessuccessfullytowhattheearthofferswillsurviveforalongtime.________(49)Thisisnature'sprovenmethodofoperation.Theruleofselection--"thesurvivalofthefittest"--istheonebywhichhumanbeingshavethemselvesarrivedonthescene.We，beingodeofthemostadaptablecreaturestheearthhasyetproduced，maylastlongerthanmost.________(50).Youmaytakeitasanotherrulethatwhen，atlast.humanbeingsshowsignsofdyingout，noothercreaturewillextendapaw(爪)topostponeourdeparture.Onthecontrary,wewillbehurriedout.Lifeseemstohavegrowntootoughforblackrobins.Ileaveyoutojudgewhetherweshouldtrytodoanythingaboutit.A.Somecreatures，certainsmallanimals，insectsandbirds，willalmostcertainlyoutlast(比……长期)man，fortheyseemevenmoreadaptable.B.Thosethatfailtomeetthechallengeswilldisappearearly.C.Detailedstudiesaregoingon，andapublicappealformoneyhasbeenmade.D.BothrepresentordersintheclassificationoflifeE.Isitanybusinessofourswhethertheblackrobinsurvivesordiesout?F.Thesearetheonlyblackrobinsleftintheworld第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白拟定一个最佳选项。TheCaseoftheDisappearingFingerprintsOneusefulanti-cancerdrugcaneffectivelyerasethewhorlsandothercharacteristicmarksthatgivepeopletheirdistinctivefingerprints.Losing51becometroublesome.AcasereleasedonlineinaletterbyAnnalsofOncologyindicateshowbiga52oflosingfingerprintsis.Eng-HuatTan,aSingapore-basedmedicaldoctordescribesa62-yearoldmanwhohasusedcapecitabineto53hisnasopharyngealcancer.Afterthreeyearsonthe54,thepatientdecidedtovisitU.S.relativeslastDecember.ButhewasstoppedbyU.S.customsofficials554hoursafterenteringthecountrywhenthoseofficialscouldn'tgetfingerprintsfromtheman.Therewerenodistinctiveswirly56appearingfromhisindexfinger.U.S.customshasbeenfingerprintingincomingforeignvisitorsforyears,Tansays.Theirindexfingersare57andscreenedagainstdigitalfilesofthefingerprintsofbadguys--terroristsandpotentialcriminalsthatourfederalguardianshavebeentaskedwithkeepingoutofthecountry.Unfortunately,fortheSingaporetravelers,onepotential58effectofhisdrugtreatmentisasmoothingofthetissueonthefingerpads.59,nofingerprints."Itisuncertainwhenfingerprintlosswill60totakeplaceinpatientswhoaretakingcapecitabine,"Tanpointsout.Sohecautionsanyphysicianswho61thedrugtoprovidetheirpatientswithadoctor'snotepointingoutthattheirmedicinemaycausefingerprintstodisappear.Eventually,theSingaporetravelermadeitintotheUnitedStates.Iguessthenameonhispassportdidn'traiseanyredflags.Buthe'salsonowgottheexplanatorydoctor'snote–andwon'tleavehome62it.Bytheway,maybetheFoodandDrugAdministration,63approveduseofthedrug11yearsago,shouldconsider64itslistofsideeffectsassociatedwiththismedicine.Thecurrentlistdoesnotethatpatientsmayexperiencevomiting,stomachpainandsomeothersideeffects.Butnowhere65itmentionthepotentialforlossoffingerprints.51.A.heB.themC.herD.him52.A.themeB.topicC.creationD.problem53.A.treatB.cutC.findD.smooth54.A.recoveryB.dietC.drugD.diagnosis55.A.inB.atC.forD.on56.A.digitsB.marksC.imagesD.pictures57.A.printedB.locatedC.curedD.placed58.A.normalB.goodC.mainD.side59.A.HoweverB.HenceC.MoreoverD.Furthermore60.A.beginB.likeC.decideD.have61.A.preventB.preserveC.presumeD.prescribe62.A.offB.onC.withoutD.with63.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which64.A.updatingB.usingC.printingD.cancelling65.A.mustB.doesC.mayD.should参考答案BACCDCCBABCDABDBABBCACDAEBCFDBABCCDCBADACBDCAFCEBABDACCBADBADCDAB2023年全国职称英语考试理工类B级题第1：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线1个意义最为接近的选项

1Wouldyoupleasecallmyhusbandassoonaspossible?

AphoneBvisitCconsultDinvite

2Wehadalongconversationaboutherparents.

AspeechBquestionCdebateDtalk

3Thechairmanproposedthatwestopthemeeting.

AstatedBannouncedCsuggestedDdemanded

4Obviouslythesepeoplecanbereliedoninacrisis.

AdependedonBlivedonCbelievedinDjoinedin

5ThereisalwaysexcitementattheOlympicGameswhenanathletebreaksarecord.

AmaintainsBbeatsCmatchesDtries

6Allthepupilsseemtobeverycheerful.

AhealthyBhappyCnaughtyDbusy

7Thetraditionalpaintingsareexhibitedonthesecondfloor.

AdisplayedBlaidCkeptDtored

8Shestoodthere,shakingwithfury.

AmiseryBlaughterCcryDanger

9Maryevidentlyisthemostdiligentstudentamongus

AintelligentBbeautifulChardworkingDtalkative

10PersistentattemptstointerviewGarbowerefruitless.

AForcefulBReasonableCFirmDContinuous

11Whycan'tyoustopyoureternalcomplaining?

AlongBeverlastingCtemporaryDboring

12Hundredsofbuildingswerewreckedbytheearthquake.

AdamagedBshakenCfallenDjumped

13Thesepaintingsareconsideredbymanytobeauthentic.

AfaithfulBroyalCsincereDgenuine

14Manyeconomistshavegivenintothefatallureofmathematics.

AsimplicityBattractionCpowerDrigor

15Tenyearsaftertheevent,herdeathstillremainsapuzzle

AmistBfogCsecretDmystery

第2：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请短文的内容对每个句子判断：该句的是信息，请选择A；该句的是错误信息，请选择B；该句的信息文中提及，请选择C。RadiocarbonDatingNowadaysscientistscananswermanyquestionsaboutthepastthroughatechniquecalledradiocarbon(放射性碳),orcarbon-14,dating.Onekeytounderstandinghowandbysomethinghappenedistodiscoverwhenithappened.

Radiocarbondatingwasdevelopedinthelate1940sbyphysicistWillardF.LibbyatheUniversityofChicago.Anatomofordinarycarbon,calledcarbon-12,hassixprotons(中子)andsixneutrons(质子)initsnucleus.Carbon-14,orC-14,isaradioactive,unstableformofcarbonthathastwoextraneutrons(原子核).Itreturnstoamorestableformofcarbonthroughaprocesscalleddecay(衰减).Thisprocessinvolvesthelossofheextraneutronsandenergyfromthenucleus.

InLibby'sradiocarbondatingtechnique,theweakradioactiveemissions(放射)fromhisdecayprocessarecountedbyinstrumentssuchasaradiationdetectorandcounter.hedecayrateisusedtodeterminetheproportionofC-14atomsinthesamplebeingdated.

Carbon-14isproducedintheEarth'satmospherewhennitrogen(氮)-14,orN-14,interactswithcosmicrays(宇宙射线).ScientistsbelievesincetheEarthwasformed,themountofnitrogenintheatmospherehasremainedconstant.Consequently,C-14formationisthoughttooccurataconstantrate.NowtheratioofC-14toothercarbontomsintheatmosphereisknown.Mostscientistsagreethatthisratioisusefulfordatingitemsbacktoatleast50,000years.

AlllifeonEarthismadeoforganicmolecules(分子)thatcontaincarbonatomscomingfromtheatmosphere.SoalllivingthingshaveaboutthesameratioofC-14

atomstoothercarbonatomsintheirtissues(组织).Onceanorganism(有机体)diesittopstakingincarboninanyform,andtheC-14alreadypresentbeginstodecay.OvertimetheamountofC-14inthematerialdecreases,andtheratioofC-14toothercarbontomsgoesdown.Intermsofradiocarbondating,thefewerC-14atomsinasample,theolderthatsampleis.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17Theradiocarbondatingtechniqueisonlyabout40yearsold

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18Anatomofordinarycarbonhassixprotonsandeightneutrons

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19Radarisusedtodeterminethecharacteristicsofradiocarbon

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20Radiocarbonisreliableindatinganobjectbacktoatleast50,000years.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21TheC-14inanorganismbeginstodecaywhenitdies

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22Thehalf-lifeofC-14isabout25,000years.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3：概括大意与句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题规定从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳