呕血与便血中英文课件

HematemesisandHematochezia呕血和便血TheprofessionalstaffroomRainnyLinHematemesis呕血Definition定义

Hematemesisisthevomitingofblood.血液从口腔呕出。

※3、Hepatobiliarydiseases肝胆疾病Livercirrhosisandportalhypertension肝硬化门脉高压、Livercancer肝癌、Liverabscess肝脓肿、Gallbladderandbileductstones胆囊与胆管结石等。4、Pancreaticdiseases胰腺疾病Pancreaticcancer胰腺癌、Acutepancreatitiscomplicatedwithabscess急性胰腺炎合并脓肿等。5、Acuteinfectiousdisease急性传染病Severehepatitis重症肝炎等。6、Blooddisease血液病白血病Leukemia、血小板减少性紫癜、过敏性紫癜、血友病等7、Others：Uremia尿毒症、Pulmonaryheartdisease肺源性心脏病Clinicalmanifestation临床表现1、Hematemesisandmelena呕血与黑便2、Hemorrhagicshock失血性休克※Accompanyingsymptoms伴随症状1、withabdominalpain呕血伴上腹痛Pepticulcer消化性溃疡；Gastriccancer胃癌。2、withhepatosplenomegaly呕血伴肝脾肿大Livercancer肝癌；食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血。※3、withmucocutaneousbleeding呕血伴皮肤黏膜出血血液病、败血症、Severehepatitis重症肝炎等。4、withjaundice呕血伴黄疸5、withenlargementofleftpraclavicularlymphnodes呕血伴左锁骨上淋巴结肿大Gastriccancer胃癌、胰腺癌等Interrogationpoints问诊要点1、Eliminatetheoralcavity,nasopharyngealbleedingandhemoptysis.2、Therelationshipbetweenthecauseofhematemesisanddiet.Drinking,poison,specialdrugintakehistory?3、Theamountandcolorofhematemesis.4、Thegeneralconditionofthepatient.※

Definitionhematocheziaisgastrointestinal(Gl)bleedingexcretedfromthebodyviaanus.消化道出血经肛门排出体外。※Pathogeny1.RectumandAnalcanaldiseases直肠与肛管疾病

Rectalcancer直肠癌、Rectalpolyps直肠息肉、hemorrhoids痔疮、Analfissure肛裂等。2.Colonicdiseases结肠疾病

Coloncancer结肠癌、Colonicpolyps结肠息肉。3.Smallintestinaldiseases小肠疾病

Intestinaltuberculosis肠结核、Tumor肿瘤。※Clinicalmanifestation

Thebleedingsite出血部位;

Theamountofbleeding出血量多少;

Thelengthofbloodstayintheintestinalcavity血液在肠腔内停留时间长短.※2.freshbloodystool鲜血便brightredormaroonbloodfromtherectum来在直肠的鲜红色或褐红色血Pureblood纯血bloodintermixedwithformedstool血与粪便混合形成bloodydiarrhea血性腹泻3、Occult隐血

detectedonlybytestingthestoolwithamonoclonalantibodyforhumanhemoglobin只有与人的血红蛋白单克隆抗体检测粪便EstimateamountofbleedingfromupperGItract5~10ml/dOB+50~70ml/dMelena

250~300mlinshorttimeHematemesis

Interrogationpoints

1.Isthereuncleanfood,medicationhistoryandthecollectivedisease?2.Theamountandcolourofhematochezia.Andtherelationshiptostool.3.Thegeneralcon