广东省惠州市龙江中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

广东省惠州市龙江中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Everyoneinthevillagehopedthathewould______afterafewdays’treatment.A.pickup

B.comeup

C.keepup

D.makeup参考答案：A略2.

Breadandbutter_____forbreakfastinmanyChinesehomesnowadaysbutthingsweredifferent20yearsago.

A.serve

B.isserved

C.hasserved

D.areserved

参考答案：B3.It’ssaidthattheywillsoon________agreencartocompetewithFord.

A.bringabout

B.bringdown

C.bringout

D.bringup参考答案：C4.I’dliketobuyahouse---modern,firm,comfortable,and________inaquietneighborhood.A.inall

B.aboveall

C.afterall

D.atall参考答案：B5.-Whydidn’tyouattendthemeetingyesterday?-Nobodytoldmeabout_______ameeting.

A.theretobe

B.therebeing

C.therebe

D.therewas参考答案：B6.______howcloseshewasstandingtotherailwaytracks,thegirlwashitbythetrainanddiedonthespot.A.Havingnotrealized

B.NothavingrealizedC.Notrealizing

D.Nottorealize参考答案：B试题分析：考查分词做状语。本句中动词realize与主语thegirl构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词在句中做状语。且realize的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，所以使用完成式havingrealized的形式，其否定式是在前面直接加not。句意：没有意识到她站得离铁轨如此近，这个女孩被火车装到，当场死亡。故B正确。【名师点睛】分词作状语是高考考查的热点和重要考点，其热点考查内容如下：一．确定分词形式分词作状语时，通常放在句首，并且用逗号与主句隔开。同时，分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句主语应保持一致，也就是说在确定选择现在分词还是过去分词时，要判断主句主语与分词中心词的关系。如果句子的主语是动词-ing形式所表示的动作的发出者（即表主动或正在进行），分词形式选用现在分词；如果句子的主语是动词-ed形式所表示的动作的承受者时（即表被动或完成），分词形式选用过去分词。例：1,_______,Istretchedmyhandoutforit.A.IsawthebookIwantedontheshellB.ThebookIwantedwasontheshellC.SeeingthebooklyingacrossthedeskD.Lyingonthedesk分析：分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。根据这一原则，可知句子的主语I只能与see保持一致。如果选A,该句中没有连词，没能构成并列句和主从复合句，此时要选用非谓语动词形式。所以选C2,Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.分析：“Seenfromthehill”是过去分词作状语。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。根据这一原则，可知，“thepark”是“Seenfromthehill”的逻辑主语，它们之间表示被动关系，所以分词形式用seen.二．确立句子主语可能是谁确立句子主语可能是谁时，仍然遵循分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句主语应保持一致的原则。反过来要根据分词形式确立句子主语。例：Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,

_________.A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningweregiventotourists分析:本题仍考查非谓语动词的用法。句中“Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists”是现在分词作状语。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。根据这一原则，可知“受攻击”的应是“thetallbuilding”,即“Havingbeenattacked”的逻辑主语是“thetallbuilding”.句意为“大楼因为受到恐怖分子的袭击而倒塌”.答案:B三．独立主格结构分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句主语应保持一致，但当分词逻辑主语与主语不一致时，分词要有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种主语常常是名词或代词，置于动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式之前。这种名词/代词+动词-ing/动词-ed结构在语法上被称为独立主格结构。此时分词形式的选择取决于名词/代词与v-ing/v-ed形式所表示动作的逻辑关系，如果它们之间表示主动或分词动作正在进行，选择现在分词，如果它们之间表示被动或完成，选择过去分词。1,名词/代词+动词-ing

例：Springcomingon,thetreesturnedgreen.2，名词/代词+动词-ed

例：Thequestionsettled,theyfeltreleased.3，with/without+名词/代词+动词-ing/-ed

例：Withthetreegrowntall,wegetmoreshade.Ourschoollooksbeautifulwiththeflowerscomingout.Thebattlewasoverwithoutashotbeingfired.四．分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句。例：______weight,thedoctorhaswarnedmetokeepoffsugar.A.I’mputtingon

B.HavingputonC.AsI’mgaining

D.Togain分析：在并列句和主从复合句中,逗号只起分隔作用,前后两部分的逻辑关系必须使用连接词来表达;否则要使用非谓语动词.该题中B，C两项是非谓语动词作状语,但其逻辑主语与主句主语不一致,所以只能使用连接词来表达前后两部分的逻辑关系.答案:C五．现在分词和过去分词作独立成分英语中一些特殊的分词可用作独立成分，不需要逻辑主语。这种无依着动词形式结构已经成为固定用法。常见的不需要逻辑主语的动词-ing/-ed形式结构:Considering(that)…考虑到

supposing(that)…如果……

generallyspeaking

一般说来franklyspeaking

坦白说

Judgingfrom…从…判断

talkingof…

说到……Concerning…

关于

settingaside...

除开……

Comingto…

谈到……allowingfor...

考虑到……

Proving/provided(that)…假定supposing/suppose(that)…假如……Seeing(that)…既然……

given(that)…

假设；如果；考虑到

putfrankly

坦白地说takenasawhole

总的说来例：1.Putfrankly,Idon’tagreewithwhathesaid.坦白地说，我不同意他说的话。2.Giventhegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.考虑到他的一般身体状况，他手术后恢复过来可能需要一段时间。3.Supposingheisill,whowilldothework?假如他病了，谁来做这工作呢？7.Whengoingtowork，Isuggestusingthebike

thecar，becauseitismoreenvironmentallyfriendly．

A．orrather

B．orelse

C．ratherthan

D．otherthan参考答案：C8.Criticismandself-criticismisnecessary

ithelpsustocorrectourmistakes.A.so

B.however

C.therefore

D.inthat参考答案：D9.TheyhadplannedatripinHainan,butbecauseoftheheavyrain,theyhadtostayathome_____.A.instead

B.actually

C.however

D.though参考答案：A10.Writedownthekeywordsthatyou____yourstudentstofindinthepassage.A.make

B.expect

C.suggest

D.hope参考答案：B11.Mr.Whiteshouldhavearrivedat8：30forthemeeting，buthedidn't

.A.turnup

B.getup

C.holdup

D.keepup参考答案：A12.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs__________theyarebeingtrained.A.inthat

B.forthat

C.inwhich

D.forwhich参考答案：D13.Hehappened____inthefieldwhentheearthquakebrokeout.A.tobeworking

B.towork

C.working

D.worked参考答案：A14.Theseriouslyillmanthinksitdoesn'tmatter_____hewilldie，butwhatmattersmuchishowhelives.A.how B.that C.why D.what参考答案：A15.IwanttothankmyfriendJohn,without____________help,Iwouldn’thavebeensaved.A.his

B.whose

C.whom

D.which参考答案：B16.—HowdidyoumanagedtofindthatI’mdishonest?

—Ihaveknownthat______.

A.allway

B.accidentally

C.bychance

D.alltheway参考答案：D解析：alltheway有“自始至终”之意。bychance,accidentally表示偶然,但不与现在完成时连用。17.Themedicalschoolplanstoprovidemoretrainingfornursesinlargehospitalsandmakenursingservices_______tohouseholdsandcommunities.

A.accessible

B.adaptable

C.preferable

D.flexible参考答案：A18.

__________theCustomsOffice,hewillhavetoshowthethingstothecustomsofficer.

A.Nomatterwhowillcomethrough

B.Whocomesthrough

C.Nomatterwhomcomesthrough

D.Whoevercomesthrough

参考答案：D二、短文改错19.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意；1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastsummerIstayedataholidaycampwithsomeclassmate.Wewantedtogodownthemountainnearourcamp.ButourguidePetedidn’tallowmetogobecauseofthebadweather.Atfirstwewerereallydisappointing.Thenwedecidedtogowithouthimanyway.Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.Althoughtired,butwewerehappy.Suddenlyitrainedheavyandwelostourway.LuckilyIhadmymobilephoneonme.IphonePete.Hetoldustostaywhatwewere.Finallyhefoundus.Wesaidsorryhimandthankedhim.参考答案：LastsummerIstayedataholidaycampwithsomeclassmate.Wewantedtogodown

classmates

upthemountainnearourcamp.ButourguidePetedidn’tallowmetogobecauseofthe

usbadweather.Atfirstwewerereallydisappointing.Thenwedecidedtogowithoutdisappointedhimanyway.Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.Althoughtired,but

the

去掉wewerehappy.Suddenlyitrainedheavyandwelostourway.LuckilyIhadmymobile

heavilyphoneonme.IphonePete.Hetoldustostaywhatwewere.Finallyhefoundus.Wephoned

wheresaidsorry∧himandthankedhim.to【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了去年夏天野营时，作者和他的伙伴们不听导游话，私自爬到山顶，被雨困住，又不得不给导游打电话求助的故事。【详解】1.考查名词的数。“some”可以修饰不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式，classmate（同学）是可数名词。故把classmate改为classmates。2.考查动词短语。由文章第六句“Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.”可知，他们后来到达了山顶。所以他们是想爬上山，而不是下山。故把down改为up。3.考查代词。句意：但是我们的导游不允许我们去，因为天气不好。故把me改为us。4.考查形容词。句意：开始的时候我们真的很失望。主语是我们（指人），我们感到失望，而不是我们让人失望，所以形容词要用过去分词形式。故把disappointing改为disappointed。5.考查定冠词。文章第二句提到过一次mountain，这句话里的mountain与前边所说的山是同一座山。故把a改为the。6.考查连词Although与but不能连用，只能选其一。文章中将although与but连用，导致句子没有了主句。故将but去掉。7.考查副词。句意：突然雨下得很大，我们迷路了。句子中的heavy位于rained之后，修饰动词，而动词需要用副词来修饰。故把heavy改为heavily。8.考查一般过去时。本文是在讲述去年夏天的事情，全文使用的都是一般过去时。所以本句也需要使用一般过去时。故把phone改为phoned。9.考查状语从句连词。句意：他告诉我们呆在我们所在的地方。“……的地方”用连词where。故把what改为where。10.考查介词。“对某人说什么”使用词组“saysthtosb.”，介词to引出说话的对象。故在sorry后边加to。

三、阅读理解20.Theword“social”means:“relatingtosocietyoritsorganization.”Thespecialtypeofsciencethatstudieshowhumanbeingsinteract（互动）witheachotheriscalled“sociology.”Sociologistshavelookedcloselyatmankind’sdesiretobeapartofdifferentgroupsandcallthis“groupbehavior.”Sociologistsbelievethatgroupbehaviorbeganinmankindalongtimeagowhenmanwasmoreprimitive.Backthen,peopledidnothavebighomesmadeofconcreteorbricktoprotectthemfromdangerousanimals.Peoplesleptincavesandwereoutintheopenduringthedayalotmore.Theywouldlookallaroundforfoodsothatthespeciescouldcontinueliving.Astimewenton,peoplebegantoseethebenefitsofbeingapartofagroup.Theycouldfindmorefoodandwouldbeabletomoreeffectivelybattledangerousanimals.Biggerquantitiesoffoodandabettersenseofsafetyhelpedhumanssurviveandprosper.Groupbehavioralsoincludedthecreationof“norms”and“values.”Normsareexamplesofwhatagroupnormallydoesoveraperiodoftime.Membersofagroupmightallwakeupatthesametimeandbegintocarryouttheirvariousdutiesduringtheday,andrepeatthosesameactivitiesdayafterday.Valuesareasummaryofwhatthegroup’sgoalsmightbeorageneralideaofwhatisacceptablebehavior.Somegroupsmightstronglybelieveinhonestyanddisliketheft.Thereareactuallysomenegativethingsthatcancomealongwithgroupbehavior.Fromtimetotime,ifapersonisnotacceptedwithinagroup,theymightfeelrejectedandsaddened.Othertimes,agroupmightfinditselffightinga“commonenemy”,anothergroupthatisdislikedasawholebecauseitmayhavedifferentnormsorvalues.Groupbehavioralsomakesitmorelikelythatallofthemembersofagroupwillbelievesomethingjustbecauseonemembersaysso,evenifitisnottrueorfavorable.

27.Whatis“groupbehavior”?A.Mankind’sdesiretostudysociology.B.Mankind’sdesiretoformfriendshipwithothers.C.Mankind’sdesiretohuntforfoodsuccessfully.D.Mankind’sdesiretobeapartofdifferentgroups.28.Whatcausedpeopletobecomepartofagroupalongtimeago?A.Peoplewantedtomakemorefriendswithothers.B.Peoplewantedtobeabletobettersurviveandsucceed.C.Peoplewantedtohavebigconcreteorbrickhomes.D.Peoplewantedtokilllargeranimalsforfood.29.Basedonthepassage,whatmighttheidentityofagroupbebasedon?A.Thegroup’svalues. B.Thegroup’slocation.C.Thegroup’scommonenemy. D.Thegroup’ssize.30.Whichofthefollowingmaybeadisadvantagecausedbygroupbehavior?A.Certainpeoplemightenjoytheleadershipinagroup.B.Moreanimalswerekilledbythepeopleworkingingroups.C.Membersofagroupcarriedoutvariousdutiesoutofhabit.D.Thegroupwereguidedbyawrongbeliefandsufferedtheconsequences.参考答案：27-30.DBAD21.AgroupofforeignresidentsmarriedtoJapanesetalkedabouttheirchildren’snames.NicoleDespresStudentsservicesmanager,40(American)WehavenointentiontoliveoutsideJapansoitmadesenseforthekidstotakemyJapanesehusband’sfamilyname.However,wedidwanttohaveaWesternnametoo,soallthreeofthemnowhavebothaWesternandJapanesename.Weagreedtherewouldbenostrangenames,spellingorunusualkanji(ChinesecharactersintheJapaneselanguage).AllnameshadtobeeasytosayandfamiliarinbothJapaneseandEnglish.JohnMcCrackenCompanygeneralmanager,27(American)Myson’snameisAiden.InpartbecausemywifeandImetinuniversityandasshewasstudyingIrishhistoryandIhavesomelinkstoScotlandandIreland,IwantedauniqueGaelic(盖尔族的)name.WesettledforAidenaswefoundkanjithatcanbeusedinJapanthatmeans“legendaryhero”PaulaMurakamiCollegewomen’sAssociationofJapan,53(American)Myhusbandwasveryexcitedaboutchoosingnames,soIdecidedtolethimchoose.HewantedtheirfirstnamestobeJapaneseandcampupwithnamesthatincludedthekanjicharacterinhisownname.Ourboys,HirokiandKenta,neverhadanyproblemswhilelivingontheU.S.WestCoastwithJapanesenames,andIthinkbothaschildrenandasadults,theylovetheirnames.JeffRuizRecordingengineer,42(Mexican)Myson’snameisLenny.Mywifechoseittogetherwithmeaswewerelookingforanamethatworksinbothworlds—mineinMexico,andhersinJapan—andthenameLennyiscommoneverywhere.InJapanesewewritethenameinkatakanaasthatiseasyforJapanesepeoplewhoseemtolikenamesintwoorthreecharacters.24.Whatdoweknowaboutthepeoplementionedinthepassage?A.Nicoleandherhusbandhadanagreementonhowtonamethechildren.B.JeffwillremaininJapanashiswifeisnotusedtoMexicanlife.C.ThefourcoupleshavedecidedtolivewiththechildreninJapanforever.D.PaulaandherfamilywouldlovetoliveontheU.S.WestCoast.25.Whichofthefollowingdoestheunderlinedword“katakana”mean?A.AJapanesesystemofgrammar.B.AwayofwritingtheJapaneselanguage.C.AJapanesewordwhichmeans“name”.D.AnamepopularwithJapanesepeople.26.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.NicoleandherJapanesehusbandhaveadaughtera