数据结构课程设计哈夫曼编码译码器

题目一：哈夫曼编码与译码一、任务设计一个利用哈夫曼算法的编码和译码系统，重复地显示并处理以下项目，直到选择退出为止。要求：1） 将权值数据存放在数据文件（文件名为data.txt，位于执行程序的当前目录中）；2） 初始化：键盘输入字符集统计字符权值、自定义26个字符和26个权值、统计文件中一篇英文文章中26个字母，建立哈夫曼树；3） 编码：利用建好的哈夫曼树生成哈夫曼编码；4） 输出编码（首先实现屏幕输出，然后实现文件输出）；5） 译码（键盘接收编码进行译码、文件读入编码进行译码）；6）界面优化设计。、流程图三、代码分解〃头文件#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<conio.h>#defineN1000#defineM2*N-1#defineMAXcode6000〃函数声明voidcount(CHar&ch,HTNodeht[]);voideditHCode(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],CHar&ch,intn,charbianma[]); 〃编码函数voidprintyima(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn,charbianma[]);〃译码函数voidcreatHT(HTNodeht[],intn);voidCreateHCode(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn);voidDispHCode(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn);voidinput_key(CHar&ch);voidinput_file(CHar&ch);voidinput_cw(HTNodeht[]);voidbianma1(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],CHar&ch,intn,charbianma[]);voidbianma2(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],CHar&ch,intn,charbianma[]);voidyima1(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn,charbianma[]);voidyima2(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn,charbianma[]);voidcreat_cw();voidbianmacaidan();voidyimacaidan();voidbianmayima();intcaidan();〃结构体typedefstruct{

chardata;intparent;intweight;intIchild;intrchild;}HTNode;typedefstruct{charcd[N];intstart;}HCode;typedefstruct{chars[N];intnum;}CHar;CHarch;HTNodeht[M];HCodehcd[N];〃主函数intmain(){intxh;while(1){〃操作菜单背景颜色〃调用菜单函数〃操作菜单背景颜色〃调用菜单函数//switch语句xh=caidan();switch(xh){case1:system("cls");creat_cw();break;case2:system("cls");creatHT(ht,n);break;case3:system("cls");CreateHCode(ht,hcd,n);DispHCode(ht,hcd,n);break;case4:system("cls");bianmayima();break;case0:system("cls");printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t感使用本系统!\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t");exit(0);default:system("cls");putchar('\a');printf("\n\t\t输入有误，请重新输入:\n");break;}}return0;}〃菜单函数intcaidan() 〃菜单函数模块〃{intxh;printf("\n\n\n");printf("\t\t欢迎使用哈夫曼编码译码系统\n");printf("\t\t\n");printf("\t\t*=*=*=*__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小_=*_*_*\n");printf("\t\t*=_*\n");printf("\t\t*=»•!-»»•!-»»•!-»»•!-»»•!-»»•!-»“““““*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*__*\n");printf("\t\t*=1.建立字符权值_*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*__*\n");printf("\t\t*=2.建立并输出哈夫曼树_*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*__*\n");printf("\t\t*=3.生成并查看哈夫曼编码_*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*__*\n");printf("\t\t*=4.编码与译码_*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*_*__*\n");printf("\t\t*=0.退出系统_*\n");printf("\t\t*=_*\n");printf("\t\t*=*=*=*__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小__小_=*_*_*\n");printf（"\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:"）；scanf("%d",&xh);returnxh;〃返回从键盘接收的选项}voidbianmayima()

intxh;while(1)printf("\n\n\n\n\n");printf("\t\t编码与译码printf("\t\tprintf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*printf("\t\t*=1.编码printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*printf("\t\t*=2.译码printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*printf("\t\t*=0.返回上级菜单printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*{\n");\n");=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");printf("\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:")；scanf("%d",&xh);switch(xh) //switch语句{case1:system("cls");bianmacaidan();break;case2:system("cls");yimacaidan();break;case0:system("cls");return;default:system("cls");putchar('\a');printf("\n\t\t输入有误，请重新输入:\n");break;}}}voidyimacaidan(){intxh;while(1){printf("\n\n\n\n\n");译码\n");\n");译码\n");\n");printf("\t\tprintf("\t\t*=printf("\t\t*=printf("\t\t*=printf("\t\t*=printf("\t\t*=printf("\t\t*=printf("\t\t*=1.键盘输入编码进行译码“““““““““““““““小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小2.文件读入编码进行译码“““““““““““““““小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小0.返回上级菜单*J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *J* *1*小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小一小=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");=*\n");printf("\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:");//switch语句//switch语句switch(xh){case1:system("cls");yima1(ht,hcd,n,bianma);break;case2:system("cls");yima2(ht,hcd,n,bianma);break;case0:system("cls");return;default:system("cls");putchar('\a');printf("\n\t\t输入有误，请重新输入:\n");break;}}}voidbianmacaidan(){intxh;while(1){printf("\n\n\n\n\n");printf("\t\t编码\n");printf("\t\t\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");printf("\t\t*=1.键盘输入字符集编码=*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");printf("\t\t*=2.文件读入文章编码=*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");printf("\t\t*=0.返回上级菜单=*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");printf("\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:")；scanf("%d",&xh);switch(xh) //switch语句{case1:system("cls");bianma1(ht,hcd,ch,n,bianma);break;case2:system("cls");bianma2(ht,hcd,ch,n,bianma);break;case0:system("cls");return;default:system("cls");putchar('\a');printf("\n\t\t输入有误，请重新输入:\n");break;}}}voidcreat_cw(){intxh2;while(1)printf("\n\n\n\n\n");printf("\t\t建立字符权值\n");printf("\t\t\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");printf("\t\t*=1.从键盘输入字符集进行统计=*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");printf("\t\t*=2.从文件读入字符集统计=*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");printf("\t\t*=3.自定义字符权值=*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");printf("\t\t*=0.返回上级菜单=*\n");printf("\t\t*=“““““““““““““““*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*\n");printf（"\n\t\t请输入序号进行选择:"）；scanf("%d",&xh2);switch(xh2)//switch语句case1:system("cls");input_key(ch);break;case2:system("cls");input_file(ch);break;case3:system("cls");input_cw(ht);break;case0:system("cls");return;default:system("cls");putchar('\a');printf("\n\t\t输入有误，请重新输入:\n");break;}}}〃建立字符权值模块voidinput_key(CHar&ch){inti,j=0;charst[N];printf(-请输入字符集(以#结束):\n");for(i=0;i<N;i++){scanf("%c”,&st[i]);if(st[i]=='#'){st[i]='\0';break;}}strcpy(ch.s,st);ch.num=strlen(st);count(ch,ht);printf("按任意键返回!")；getch();system("cls");return;}voidinput_file(CHar&ch){inti;FILE*fp;charfilename[20];printf("请输入要打开的文件名(*.txt):");scanf("%s”,&filename);if((fp=fopen(filename,"r"))==NULL){printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败!!!");return;}for(i=0;!feof(fp);i++){fread(&ch.s[i],sizeof(char),1,fp);}ch.num=strlen(ch.s);printf("读入成功!\n");printf("文件中的字符集为:％s\n",ch.s);fclose(fp);count(ch,ht);printf("按任意键返回!")；getch();system("cls");return;}voidinput_cw(HTNodeht[]){inti,w,s,j;chara;printf(-要输入的字符总个数是？：，scanf("%d”,&s);n=s;printf(-请输入字符及其权值:\n");for(i=0;i<s;i++){printf("请输入第％d个字母:",i+1);scanf("%s”,&a);ht[i].data=a;printf("请输入其权值:")；scanf("%d",&w);ht[i].weight=w;}FILE*fp;if((fp=fopen("data.txt","w"))==0){printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败!!!");return;}printf("\n定义权值成功!\n\n");printf(-各字符及其权值为:\n\n");fprintf(fp,"各字符及其权值为:\n");printf("字符\t权值")；fprintf(fp,"字符\t权值")；for(j=0;j<i;j++){printf("\n");fprintf(fp,"\n");printf("%-8c%-8d”,ht[j].data,ht[j].weight);fprintf(fp,”%-8c%-8d%”,ht[j].data,ht[j].weight);}printf("\n");printf("\n字符权值已输出至文件"data.txt”！");fclose(fp);printf("输入完成，按任意键返回！”)；getch();system("cls");return;}〃统计字符权值函数voidcount(CHar&ch,HTNodeht[]){inti,j,m=0;charc[N];intsum[N]={0};for(i=0;ch.s[i]!='\0';i++){for(j=0;j<m;j++)if(ch.s[i]==c[j]ll(c[j]>='a'&&c[j]<='z'&&ch.s[i]+32==c[j]))break;if(j<m)sum[j]++;else{if(ch.s[i]>='A'&&ch.s[i]<='Z')c[j]=ch.s[i]+32;elsec[j]=ch.s[i];sum[j]++;m++;}}for(i=0;i<m;i++){ht[i].data=c[i];ht[i].weight=sum[i];}n=m;FILE*fp;if((fp=fopen("data.txt","w"))==0){printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败!!!");return;}printf("\n统计权值成功!\n\n");printf(-各字符及其权值为:\n\n");fprintf(fp,"各字符及其权值为:\n");printf("字符\t权值")；fprintf(fp,"字符\t权值")；for(j=0;j<m;j++){printf("\n");fprintf(fp,"\n");printf("%-8c%-8d”,ht[j].data,ht[j].weight);fprintf(fp,”%-8c%-8d%”,ht[j].data,ht[j].weight);}printf("\n");printf("\n字符权值已输出至文件"data.txt”！");fclose(fp);}〃构造哈夫曼树voidcreatHT(HTNodeht[],intn){FILE*fp;if((fp=fopen("哈夫曼树.txt","w"))=0){printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败!!!");return;}inti,j,k,lnode,rnode;intmin1,min2;for(i=0;i<2*n-1;i++)ht[i].parent=ht[i].lchild=ht[i].rchild=-1;for(i=n;i<2*n-1;i++){min1=min2=32767;lnode=rnode=-1;for(k=0;k<=i-1;k++)if(ht[k].parent==-1){if(ht[k].weight<min1){min2=min1;rnode=lnode;min1=ht[k].weight;lnode=k;}elseif(ht[k].weight<min2)min2=ht[k].weight;rnode=k;}}ht[lnode].parent=i;ht[rnode].parent=i;ht[i].weight=ht[lnode].weight+ht[rnode].weight;ht[i].lchild=lnode;ht[i].rchild=rnode;}printf("建立huffman树成功!\n");printf("输出huffman树:\n");fprintf(fp,"输出huffman树:\n");printf("\t字符\t权值\t父节点\t左子节点\t右子节点")；fprintf(fp,"\t字符\t权值\t父节点\t左子节点\t右子节点”)；for(j=1;j<i;j++){printf("\n");fprintf(fp,"\n");printf("\t%-8c%-8d%-10d%-14d%-10d",ht[j].data,ht[j].weight,ht[j].parent,ht[i].lchild,ht[j].rchild);fprintf(fp,"\t%-8c%-8d%-10d%-14d%-10d",ht[j].data,ht[j].weight,ht[j].parent,ht[i].lchild,ht[j].rchild);}printf("\n");printf("哈夫曼树已输出至文件"哈夫曼树.txt”！按任意键返回!")；fclose(fp);getch();system("cls");return;}〃生成哈夫曼编码voidCreateHCode(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn){inti,f,c,j=0;HCodehc;for(i=0;i<n;i++){hc.start=n;c=i;hc.cd[hc.start--]='0';f=ht[i].parent;while(f!=-1){if(ht[f].lchild=c)hc.cd[hc.start--]='0';elsehc.cd[hc.start--]='1';c=f;f=ht[f].parent;}hc.start++;for(j=0;j<hc.start;j++)hc.cd[j]='';hcd[i]=hc;}}voidDispHCode(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn){FILE*fp;if((fp=fopen("哈夫曼编码.txt","w"))=0){printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败!!!");return;}inti,k;intsum=0,m=0,j;printf("输出字符哈夫曼编码:\n");fputs("输出字符哈夫曼编码:\n”,fp);for(i=0;i<n;i++)j=0；printf("%c:\t”,ht[i].data);fprintf(fp,"\n%c:\t”,ht[i].data);for(k=hcd[i].start;k<=n;k++){printf("%c",hcd[i].cd[k]);j++;fprintf(fp,"%c",hcd[i].cd[k]);}m+=ht[i].weight;sum+=ht[i].weight*j;printf("\n");}printf("\n哈夫曼编码已保存至文件"哈夫曼编码.txt!按任意键返回!");fclose(fp);getch();system("cls");}〃编码函数voidbianma1(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],CHar&ch,intn,charbianma[]){inti;charstr[N];printf(-请输入要编码的字符集(以#结束):\n");for(i=0;i<N;i++){scanf("%c”,&str[i]);if(str[i]=='#'){str[i]='\0';break;}}strcpy(ch.s,str);ch.num=strlen(str);editHCode(ht,hcd,ch,n,bianma);getch();system("cls");return;}voidbianma2(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],CHar&ch,intn,charbianma[]){inti;FILE*fp;charfilename[20];printf("请输入要打开的文件名(*.txt):");scanf("%s”,&filename);if((fp=fopen(filename,"r"))==NULL){printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败!!!");return;}for(i=0;!feof(fp);i++){fread(&ch.s[i],sizeof(char),1,fp);}ch.num=strlen(ch.s);printf("\n读入成功!\n");printf("文件中的字符集为:\n%s",ch.s);fclose(fp);editHCode(ht,hcd,ch,n,bianma);getch();system("cls");return;}〃译码函数voidyima1(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn,charbianma[]){inti;charcode[MAXcode];printf("请输入编码进行译码(以#结束):\n");for(i=0;i<MAXcode;i++){scanf("%c”,&code[i]);if(code[i]=='#'){code[i]='\0';break;}}strcpy(bianma,code);printyima(ht,hcd,n,bianma);printf(-\n译码完成！按任意键返回!")；getch();system("cls");return;}voidyima2(HTNodeht[],HCodehcd[],intn,charbianma[]){inti;FILE*fp;charfilename[20];printf("请输入要打开的文件名(*.txt):");scanf("%s”,&filename);if((fp=fopen(filename,"r"))==NULL){printf("\n\t\t文件打开失败!!!");return;}for(i=0;!feof(fp);i++){fread(&bianma[i],sizeof(char),1,fp);}printf("读入成功!\n");printf("文件中的编码是:％s\n",bianma);printyima(ht,hcd,n,bianma);printf(-\n译码完成！按任意键返回!")；getch();system("cls");}四、调试结果主菜单建立字符权值选择2.从文件读入字符进行统计输入测试文件名"cs.txt”输出个字符权值"C:\Users\xuchao\Deski。pk.诔圜就h.Debug'\吟大晏裁砖与译玛器,exe'；件点的岸符集为：alieshiyipi.anceshiuendanq?统计权值成功T各字符及其权值为:宇符权隹宇符13□7211111输己至文件七拓任意世返回，Vhuffnan-；矿成功1输出Huffman^ij: