高中英语北师大版本册总复习 单元综合测评7

单元综合测评Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。ATwodolphinsracearoundinabigpoolintheOceansmallerdolphin，Grace，showsoffafewofhertricks，turningaroundandwavinghellotothemostamazingthingabouther，however，isthatshe'sevenswimmingatdoesn'thaveatail.GracelosthertailasababywhenshegotcaughtupinafishthedolphinarrivedattheOceanParkinDecember2023，shewasfightingforherlife.“Isshegoingtomakeit？”Hertrainer，AbbeyStone，fearedthedidmakeit—buthertaildidn'endeduplosingherflukesandthelowerpartofherpeduncle.Overthepastsixyears，shehaslearnedtoswimwithoutherswimbymovingtheirflukesandpeduncleupandtaughtherselftomoveanotherway—likeafish！Shepushesherselfforwardthroughthewaterbymovingherpedunclefromsidetoside.ThemovementsputharmfulpressureonGrace'sacompanyofferedtocreateaman­madetailfortailhadtobestrongenoughtostayonGraceassheswambutsoftenoughthatitwouldn'thurther.ThefirsttimeGraceworetheartificialtail，shesoonshookitoffandletitsinktothebottomofthe，sheisstilllearningtousethedaysshewearsitforanhouratatime，othersnotatall.“Thenewtailisn'tnecessaryforhertofeelcomfortable，”saysStone，“butithelpstokeepthatrangeofmotion(动作)andbuildmuscles(肌肉)．”Now，thedolphinisabouttogetanevenhappiermonth，GracewillstarinDolphinTale，afilmthatfocusesonherrescueandprogresshasinspiredmorethanjustanewpeopletravelfromnearandfartomeetGraceswimwithherman­madetailgivespeoplesomuchcourage.【语篇解读】这是一篇关于海豚的故事。讲述的是一只在一次事故中丧失尾巴的海豚。在训导员的训练下，它克服了困难，学会了使用假尾巴，像其他海豚一样在水中遨游。它还成了一部电影中的明星，它的勇气感动了人们。1．WhenGracefirstarrivedattheOceanPark，hertrainerworriedabouther.A．physicalbuildB．potentialabilityC．chanceofsurvivalD．adaptationtothesurroundings【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“fightingforherlife”可知，它在为活下去而挣扎，所以选C。【答案】C2．Aman­madetailiscreatedforGraceto.A．letherrecoverfasterB．makehercomfortableC．adjustherwayofswimmingD．helpherperformbettertricks【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段末和第四段可知它改变的游动方式给它带来了有害的压力，所以一家公司才给它装了条假尾巴。故选C。【答案】C3．ThestoryofGraceinspirespeopleto.A．sticktotheirdreamsB．treatanimalsfriendlyC．treasurewhattheyhaveD．facedifficultiesbravely【解析】推理判断题。本文的目的就是通过描写一个断了尾巴的海豚勇敢地活下去的故事，来鼓励人们勇敢地面对困难。所以选D。【答案】DB(2023·安庆一中高一期末)Chinaisalandofleastitwasbackin1992whenItraveledthetheneveryoneseemedtoberidingaofthem，allweresincemyarrivalinBeijinglastyear，I'vefoundtheoppositeisaremillionsof，peoplestillusetheirbicyclestogetmany，it'stheeasiestandcheapestwaytotravelalsocomeindifferentcolors—silver，green，red，blue，yellow，whateveryouwant.It'sfunwatchingpeoplerushquicklythroughcrossroads，moveskillfullythroughtraffic，andrideevenonsidewalks(人行道)．Bicyclesallowpeoplethefreedomtomoveaboutthatcarsjustcan'tprovide.EagertobepartofthisaspectofChineseculture，Idecidedtobuyaweatheraccompanied(陪伴)mygreatimmediatelyjumpeduponmybicycleseatandstartedhome.Myfirstridehomewasorderly(守秩序的)．Tobesafe，Istayedwitha“pack”ofbikerswhilecarsonthestreetscamerunningswiftlyoutofnowhereatdidn'twanttogetItooktheridecarefully.CrossingthestreetswasthebiggestwasalotlikecrossingamajorhighwaybackintheUnitedstreetsherewerewide，socrossingtooktime，skillandalittlebitofluck.IfinallymadeitfeelingonthebicyclewasairhittingmyfaceandgoingthroughmyhairwaswassittingontopoftheworldasIpassedbyplacesandmademefeelalive.【语篇解读】中国在过去是自行车的王国，而现在仍然有很多人喜欢骑自行车出行，因为这种交通方式方便、省钱。为了融入这种文化，“我”也买了一辆自行车。但是在回家途中，发现骑车过街是最大的问题，需要时间、技巧和一点儿运气。但是骑行经历让“我”觉得很愉快、很有趣。4．Accordingtotheauthor，whyarebicyclesstillpopularinChinatoday?A．Becausetheyareconvenientandinexpensive.B．Becausetheyaretraditionalandsafe.C．Becausetheyarecolorfulandavailable.D．Becausetheyarefastandenvironmentfriendly.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Formany，it'stheeasiestandcheapestwaytotraveltoday。”可知，自行车如今仍然很受欢迎是因为它的便捷和经济。根据倒数第二段和倒数第三段的叙述可知，骑自行车并不安全，速度也不是很快，故A项和D项错误；文章虽然提到了自行车的颜色多种多样，但这并不是它受欢迎的原因，故C项错误。【答案】B5．Theauthordecidedtobuyabicyclebecauseheintended.A．torideitforfunB．touseitfortransportC．toexperiencelocalcultureD．toimprovehisridingskills【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“EagertobepartofthisaspectofChineseculture...”可知，作者购买自行车是因为迫切地想融入中国的这种文化之中，故C项正确。作者在有了骑行经历之后才发现了其中的乐趣，故A项错误；文章并未提到作者购买自行车是为了作为交通工具或者提高骑行技术，故排除B项和D项。【答案】C6．Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisstreetcrossing?A．Itwasboring B．Itwaswonderful.C．Itwaslively. D．Itwasdifficult.【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的叙述可知，骑车过街是最大的问题，需要时间、技巧和运气，因此作者认为骑车过街非常困难。其余选项均与本段内容不符。【答案】D7．WhichofthefollowingcanBESTdescribestheauthor'sbikingexperience?A．Theauthorenjoyedshowingoffhisbikingskills.B．Theauthorwasannoyedbytheairwhileriding.C．Theauthorwaspraisedbytheotherbikers.D．Theauthortookgreatpleasureinbiking.【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段可知，空气吹拂脸颊和头发的感觉很美妙，骑行时就像坐在了世界的顶端，骑自行车使作者觉得充满了活力。由此可判断出，作者觉得骑自行车很有乐趣，故D项正确。A项意为“作者喜欢炫耀自己的骑行技术”；B项意为“作者很讨厌骑行时的空气”；C项意为“作者被其他骑行人员赞扬了”，均与文章内容不符。【答案】DCTousitseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitactuallytheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainstthefirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun！Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit，buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancientthefirsttouseitweretheChineseintheeleventhcenturyBC.WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasatherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymboloftheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighoffice.InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasatheumbrellawasincommonlyusedinancientitisbelievedthatthefirstpersonsinEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainsttherainweretheancientRomans.DuringtheMiddleAges,theuseoftheumbrellapracticallyitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthagainitwasconsideredasasymbolof1680,theumbrellaappearedinFranceandlaterinEngland.Bytheeighteenthcentury,theumbrellawasusedagainstrainthroughoutmostofhavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen'sumbrellasbegantobemade,inawholevarietyofcolors.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了雨伞的用途和历史。雨伞最初是用来遮阳而不是挡雨的。没有人知道是谁发明了雨伞，但最先使用雨伞的可能是公元前11世纪的中国人。8．Accordingtothispassage，theumbrellawasprobablyfirstinventedinancient.A．China B．EgyptC．Greece D．Rome【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后“ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChineseintheeleventhcenturyBC.”可知，雨伞很可能是公元前11世纪的中国人发明的，故选A。【答案】A9．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheumbrella?A．Nooneexactlyknowswhotheinventoroftheumbrellawas.B．Theumbrellawasfirstinventedtobeusedasprotectionagainstthesun.C．Theumbrellachangedmuchinstyleintheeig­hteenthcentury.D．InEurope，theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime”可知，雨伞一直以来没有太大的变化，故选C。【答案】C10．Astrangefeatureoftheumbrella'suseisthatitwasusedas.A．protectionagainstrainB．ashadeagainstthesunC．asymbolofhonorandpowerD．women'sdecoration(装饰)【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse：itbecameasymbolofhonor...theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighoffice.”可知，有一种奇怪的现象是，雨伞被当作地位和权力的象征，故选C。【答案】C11．InEurope，theumbrellawasfirstusedagainsttherain.A．duringtheMiddleAgesB．bytheeighteenthC．inRomeD．inGreece【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“ButitisbelievedthatthefirstpersonsinEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainsttherainweretheancientRomans.”可知，在欧洲，最先用雨伞来挡雨的是古罗马人，故选C。【答案】CD(2023·全国丙卷)Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat's'scalledAppleDaybutinpracticeit'smorelikeAppledayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste，awidevarietyofpeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheitdoesn'ttasteofanythingspecial，it'sstillworthatry，asistheknobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat'sHeadwhichismoreofacuriositythananythingelse.TherearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocaloftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit'sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecausethesearefamilyaffairs,childrenarewellcateredforwithapple­themedfunandgames.AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruit,includingstatelygardensandcommercialorchards(果园)．Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale，nearFavershaminKent.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。全文介绍了在苹果节上的各种各样的苹果。虽说是AppleDay，其实该节日持续接近一个月的时间。在这段时间里，我们可以品尝到很多稀有品种的苹果。如果想尝试各种各样的苹果，就来参加AppleDay吧。12．Whatcanpeopledoattheappleevents?A．Attendexperts'lectures.B．Visitfruit­lovingfamilies.C．Plantfruittreesinanorchard.D．Tastemanykindsofapples.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee，andoftentaste，awidevarietyofapples.可知，参加苹果节可以看到并经常尝到各种各样的苹果。A项说“参加专家的讲座”，这与倒数第二段中Attheevents，youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions提到的与专家交流不符，曲解了文意；B项说“参观喜欢水果的家庭”，文中并未提及；C项说“在果园中种植果树”，文章虽然提到可以参观、品尝等体验，但没有提种植果树。【答案】D13．WhatcanwelearnaboutDecio?A．Itisanewvariety.B．Ithasastrangelook.C．Itisrarelyseennow.D．Ithasaspecialtaste.【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的．..itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence，suchasDecio...ismoreofacuriositythananythingelse.可知，见到它很开阔眼界并且可以与稀奇的Cat'sHead这一品种类比，由此判断Decio非常稀少。A项说“它是新品种”，这与whichwasgrownbytheRomans不符；B项说“它外形奇特”，这指的是Cat'sHead的特点，犯了张冠李戴的错误；D项说“它有特殊的味道”，这与itdoesn'ttasteofanythingspecial不符。【答案】C14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“apipedream”inParagraph3mean?A．Apracticalidea.B．Avainhope.C．Abrilliantplan.D．Aselfishdesire.【解析】词义理解题。根据本段中的OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette，butyou'llneedawarm，shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit...可知，尽管OrleansReinette是很好的品种，但是对各项条件的要求很高，因此大多数喜欢它的人种植它的希望会落空。A项说“一个切合实际的想法”，这与它对生存条件要求高矛盾；C项说“一个很好的计划”，根据画线前的描述可知，这是一种希望或梦想；D项说“一个自私的愿望”，这里说的是愿望的可否实现，不是自私与否。【答案】B15．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhowtogrowapples.B．Tointroduceanapplefestival.C．Tohelppeopleselectapples.D．Topromoteappleresearch.【解析】作者意图题。根据文章第一段中的Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat'saround.和第二段中的Visitinganappleevent...以及后文介绍节日上的各类苹果可知，作者在介绍苹果节。A项“展示如何种植苹果”，C项“帮助人们选苹果”，D项“促进苹果的研究”，均与文章内容不符。【答案】BⅡ.阅读填句根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项(2023·广东梅州高一上期末)HowtomanageyourtimeFormanyhighschoolstudentsitseemsthatthereisneverenoughareseveralstepsyoucantaketoorganizeyourtimebetter.First，makeato­dolisteverymakesiteasytoplananyactivitiesormeetingsyoumayhaveinadditiontosuretosetpriorities(优先的事物)．16Usesparetimeyouhaveastudyhall(自习时间)？Insteadofwastingthattime，readabookordohomework.17Ifafriendasksyoutodosomethingandyouhavehomeworktodo，realizewhichismoreimportantandseeyourfriendlater.Decideonthetimethatisgoodforyoutodocertainyouaremoreofamorningperson，trygettingupanhourearlieranddoschoolworkbeforeyournoteseveryday18Ifyouspendafewminutesattheendofeverydaygoingoverwhatyoulearned，itwillmeanlesstimestudyingwhenitistimefortheexam.19Studieshaveshownthatgettingenoughresthelpsyouryouaretired，everythingseemsmoreisbesttostayonaregularsleepingcycleasmuchaspossible.Tellyourfriendsandfamilyaboutyourworkthatyouwillbeworkingatcertaintimesandaskthemnottodisturb(打扰)you.20Youcancallyourfriendslater.A．Setgoalsforyourself.B．Getagoodnight'ssleep.C．Dothemostimportanttasksfirst.D．Also，donotbeafraidtosay“no”．E．Youshouldfinishyourtaskintime.F．Don'ttakephonecallsduringthetimeyousetasideforwork.G．Don'twaituntiljustbeforeatesttotryandremembereverything.【答案】16－20CDGBFⅢ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inthesummerof1975，IjustgraduatedfromcollegeinSouthernCaliforniaandreceivedanewcarasgraduationIalsohadmyfirst21inmyhometown，LosSundaynight，22myselfaveryindependentgrown­up，Ileftmyuncle'shouseaftera23.Ididn'ttellhimthatIhad24aneighthofatankof25andnocashtobuymoretogotoL．pulledontothePacificCoastHighwayandwatchedtheneedle(气表指针)26.WhenIstartedrunningoutofgas，I27atagasI28theguyatthecould29himacheque(支票)forgas；Isaid，orIcouldsleepinmycarandtryto30toatownwithabankthenextmorning.31，heturnedmethistime，asportscarpulleduptothenextgasdriver—athin，plain，middle­agedman—heardthe32ofmyfailedtheattendantwentto33him，henoddedatme.“Fillhertank34，”hesaid.“Really？”Isaid35.“Oh，thank36needtwodollarsjustneedtogettomyhome.”“Fillit，”herepeatedtotheattendant，“thenmine.”“You'lldothesameoneday，for37else，”hethentoldme.Ikeeplookingforthatmiddle­agedpersonandwanttothankhimforhis38helpontheroadthat，incasehenever39，Idootheractsofquietdriverisalwaysinmyheart，atthegasstationafewfeetaway，40theattendanttofillminefirst.【语篇解读】本文叙述了作者回忆自己当年回家途中遭遇困难时受到路人伸手相助，并因此心怀感激而把及时雨式的帮助传递给他人的一幕。21． B．journeyC．experience D．trouble【解析】大学毕业后自然要找工作，独立生活，job为最佳选项。【答案】A22． B．imaginingC．thinking D．wishing【解析】自认为是个已经独立的成年人，thinking表示“认为”符合句意。admiring表示“羡慕(自己)”；imagining表示“想象”；wishing表示“期望”，均不符合本句句意。【答案】C23． B．breakC．discussion D．visit【解析】根据上文判断作者是在拜访(visit)叔叔家之后离开的。【答案】D24．than B．lessthanC．otherthan D．atleast【解析】(为了证明自己是个独立的人)，作者没有告诉叔叔自己的车油箱里的油不到八分之一。强调数量少用lessthan(不到，少于)。【答案】B25． B．gasC．drink D．ice【解析】由下文可知作者的汽车没有汽油了。而不是没水(water)、饮料(drink)或冰(ice)。【答案】B26．down B．settingdownC．turningdown D．puttingdown【解析】作者开车上路之后发现油表指针一直在下降(goingdown)。【答案】A27． B．sleptC．stopped D．waited【解析】车内的油要耗尽时，作者把车停在(stop)了加油站。【答案】C28A.persuaded B．controlledC．ordered D．begged【解析】persuade表示“说服”；control表示“控制”；order表示“命令”；beg表示“乞求(请求)”。依据上下文判断，作者本人在身上没有带现金的情况下只能乞求加油员提供方便了。【答案】D29． B．borrowC．show D．write【解析】西方国家的成年人尤其是拥有稳定收入和职位的人会用自己的支票来支付账单。writeacheque表示“开一张支票”。【答案】D30． B．flyC．drive D．ride【解析】依据下文来看，加油员不给作者的车加油的话，她只能睡在车内，第二天早上步行(walk)去有银行的镇里取现金来支付油款。因为车没有油作者只好步行了，不可能开车(drive)了；没有现金也不可能乘车(ride)前往。【答案】A31．'smore B．HoweverC．Meanwhile D．Besides【解析】依据上下文的语境来看，加油员拒绝了作者的请求，前后表示转折关系。【答案】B32． B．middleC．tail D．whole【解析】开跑车的中年人到达加油站时作者已经乞求加油员半天了，他只可能无意间听到作者无功而返的交谈的尾声(tail)了。【答案】C33． B．fineC．serve D．reward【解析】见有车子来加油时，加油员会跑过来招待(serve)。【答案】C34． B．slowlyC．first D．last【解析】开跑车的中年人让加油员先(first)给作者的车加油。【答案】C35． B．angrilyC．anxiously D．quietly【解析】作者听到中年人说的话之后既惊讶(really)又满怀希望(hopefully)中年人能伸手相助。【答案】A36． B．justC．quite D．mostly【解析】作者希望帮助她的人只提供2美元的油就可到家了。依据常识来判断，作者仅仅是(just)想回到家里。【答案】B37． B．nobodyC．everyone D．someone【解析】考查不定代词的区别。中年人对作者说的“你也会跟我一样伸出援助之手，帮助需要帮助的人。”someone既用于肯定句，又表示和作者一样具有相同需求帮助的人。everyone虽然可用于肯定句，但没有限定的范围。anyone表示(任何人)，不需要帮助的人也可能包括在内。nobody表示否定，不符合上下语境。【答案】D38． B．strangeC．doubtful D．unwilling【解析】作者一直在寻找当时帮助她的人，希望能对中年人的慷慨的(generous)帮助表示感谢。【答案】A39．up B．showsupC．comesup D．takesup【解析】作者以防当年帮助她的中年人不露面(showup)的同时，自己还不停地帮助他人。(以把这种人间温情传递下去)。【答案】B40． B．teachingC．instructing D．suggesting【解析】作者在回忆当年中年人帮助她时，指导(instruct)加油员给自己先加油。【答案】CⅣ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2023·山西太原高一期末)I'mAlice，an18­year­oldgirlfrom.(recent)IhadmyfirstrideonthefamousGhangotoninSydneyandgot42.inAlicespenttwodaysonthetrainandweategreatmeals43.(cook)byscenerywas44.(color)，butsuddenlywe45.(see)abandonedfarmsbuiltmorethanahundredyearsago.Ghanisshort46.isastoryaboutlongtimeago，Australiansneededaway47.(travel)tothemiddleofthetried48.(ride)horses，butthehorsesdidn'tlikethehotweatherandAustraliansusedtrained49.(camel)tocarryfoodandother50.1920s，thegovernmentbuiltanewrailwayline，sotheydidn'tneedanyanimals.41．Recently此处考查副词，recently最近，作时间状语。42．off此处考查动词短语。上车(火车、船等)用geton，下车(火车、船等)用getoff。43．cooked此处考查非谓语动词作定语。cook和meals之间是被动关系，所以用cooked。44．colorful此处考查形容词。be动词后用形容词。45．saw此处考查动词。根据句子结构，此处需要谓语，又根据morethanahundredyearsago可知用过去式。46．for此处考查短语。beshortfor的意思是“是……的缩写”。47．totravel此处考查非谓语动词。做某事的方法waytodosth.48．riding此处是固定搭配。考查非谓语动词，trydoing表示尝试做了某事。49．camels此处考查名词。camel此处要用名词复数。50．the此处考查冠词。在20世纪20年代前要用定冠词the。【导学号：30190046】Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2023·河北保定高一期末)Peopleoftencomeupacrosstheword“SOHO”inthenewspaperornoteveryoneknowshowitthematteroffact,“SOHO”means“SmallOffice/HomeOffice”．Nowmanypeopleusecomputer,soitispossibleforyoutoworkattheirneedn'tgotocanusuallyworkfastandbetteratworkathome,theysavealotoftimeandneedn'tspendtimeontheroadbuttheywon'tfeeltiredorangrybecausethe